选修6 Unit4 Language points

二、vt "怀疑; 不能肯定; 不大相信", 一般不 用进行时态。
①用于否定句或疑问句, 后接that引导的宾语 从句。 I don't doubt ____ that he is telling the truth.
我毫不怀疑他在讲真话。
Do you doubt ____ that he will win the match?
他当时正与他的学生进行讨论，否则
的话他就来帮我们了。
He felt very tired yesterday, or he
would have attended the party．
他昨天很累, 不然他就参加那个聚
会了。
quantity 量
quantity of 大量的
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eg: 就食物而言，他讲究量不讲究质。 He prefers quantity to quality when food is concerned.
如：
It tends to snow heavily here in winter.
这里的冬天往往雪下的很大。
trap诱捕; 使陷入困境；留住。如：
Sand and leaves trapped the water in the stream. 沙石和树叶淤住了溪流。 They finally trapped the mouse in a cage. 最后，他们用罩子把老鼠逮住了。
你怀疑他会赢这场比赛吗?
②用于肯定句,一般接whether 或if引导的宾 语从句.如: I doubt __________we will make a profit out whether/if of it. 我认为我们不可能从此事中获利。 We doubt __________she whether/if will be persuaded. 我们不知道她会不会被说服。
7. Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one being carbon dioxide. the most important one being carbon dioxide 是一个独立主格结构，由名词+分 词构成，在句中做补充说明或伴随的状况。
________________( Time permitting 时间允许的话)，I will show you around the city.
Today being Sunday 今天是星期天)，I __________________( don’t have to go to work. Nobody having any more to say (没有人要 ___________________________ 说的话)，the meeting was closed.
2)．vt. 喻为；比拟。 compare…to… 把…比做… (异类相比，比喻) Man’s life is often compared to a candle. 人生常被比为蜡烛。 Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.
莎士比亚把人世比做舞台。
知识拓展 compared to /with 与…相比, 只能作状语 Compared to /with many women, she was indeed very fortunate.
起于, 由于, 由…引起， from 的宾语：起因
from eating too much. His sickness resulted_____
12. state v.陈述，声明；
n. 状况，情况；国家；
+n.
state +that从句
+wh-从句；
可用于被动结构，也可用过去分词作定语。
+n. state +that从句 +wh-从句； 1. 他已公开声明他会支持那项政策。 stated _____ his support He has publicly _____ _____ for the policy. 2.我听见那位官员说不接纳儿童。 I heard the official state that they would not accept children. 3.合同清楚地叙述了那项工作应在何时完成。 The contract stated when the work should be finished.
But for electricity (= If there were no
electricity)，there would be no modem
industry．
要是没有电，就不会有现代工业。
He was having a meeting with his
students；otherwise he would have come.
②否定句中doubt多接that同位语从句。
如:
There is no doubt ____ that they will ask you for help. 毫无疑问,他们会请你帮忙的。 I have no doubt ____ that you will succeed.
我毫不怀疑你会成功的。
10. go up 上升；增长。如：
The temperature in this area has gone up 2 degrees than that at the same time last year.
这个地区的气温比去年通义时期上 升了两度。
11. result in
result in 结果; 致使; 导致
5. subscribe to 同意 ;赞成；订购 常用于疑问 句和否定句 1) I’ve never subscribed to the theory that people are more important than animals. 我从来没有同意过人比动物更重要的理论。 2) I don’t subscribe to the idea that money brings happiness. 我不同意金钱能带来快乐的观点。
n.状况，情况；国家 eg: 她今天心情不好。 She is in a terrible state today. eg: 国家首脑
the head of state
13. range
v. 排列, 使成行；偏袒，站在…的方面。 n. 范围(尤指从…到…各种种类, 可供选择的 范围等，可加不定冠词) ；排列 beyond the range of…超越……的范围 out of one’s range 某人达不到的 这家商店商品品种多。 The shop keeps____________________. a wide range of goods
Unit 4 Global warming Language points
1. What do you think green house gases do?
本句中think后接了一个由what引导的宾语
从句。但应注意的是: 特殊宾语从句即当一
般疑问句主句的谓语动词是 think, believe,
主语：起因 in 的宾语：结果
in failure. Acting before thinking always results___
做事不先考虑总会导致失败。
in the death of two people. The accident resulted___ 这场意外事故造成两人死亡。
result from 主语：结果
8.Without the ‘green house effect’, the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius cooler than it is.
这是一个含蓄虚拟条件句有时假设的情况并不以 条件从句形式表示出来，而是通过一个介词短语 或其他方式表示。常用的词或短语有：without, but for，but that，otherwise，or，but等。 Without your help ( = If we had not had your help)，we could not have succeeded． 要是没有你的帮助，我们是不会成功的。
6…it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon. …全球转暖是人为的， 而不是随意的自然现象。
It is…that …是强调句式，被强调部分是 human activity, 强调全球转暖的原因是认 为的。rather 与than连用，译为“不是…, 而是…”。类似的用法有： The parents should be punished rather than the boy. 改受到惩罚的是那男孩的父 母而不应当是男孩。
当然一般情况下宾语从句的疑问词应放在主 句之后，例如： [误] Why do you know we can't cut down the big tree? [正] Do you know why we can't cut down the big tree?
2 … it is a rapid increase compared to most natural changes. 1). vt. 比较；对照。 compare…with…“把…与…相比 (同类相比) ” Compare your answers with those at the back of the book to see if they are right. 把你的答案同书后面的答案对照一下，看看是否 正确。 My handwriting can not be compared with my father’s. 我的书法不能与我父亲的相比。
3.How has this come about and does it matter?
come about : 发生，造成 相当于happen When Mother woke up, she didn’t know what had come about. I’ll never understand how it came about that you were late three times a week. 你知道那次空难是怎么发生的吗? Do you know how the air accident came about? 随着电的使用，种种大变化发生了。 With the use of electricity, great changes have come about.
4. There is no doubt that….
一、n(u), "疑惑;怀疑” ①肯定句中:doubt多接whether (一般不用if代替) 同位语从句。如: whether There's some doubt ________he'll keep his promise. 他会不会信守诺言还难说。 whether She had her doubts ________the new book would sell well. 她怀疑新书是否会畅销。
suppose, consider, imagine, guess 和 suggest
等时，表疑问的词要放在主句前即句首。 例如：
[正] Who do you think will win in the game?
[误] Do you think who will win in the game?
quantity 也可以用作可数名词，表示“数量”
Police found a large quantity of illegal drugs.
警方发现了大量违禁药品。
9. It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the stmosphere causing the global temperature to go up. 它意味着更多 的热能将被困在大气层中，从而引起全球气 温上升。 动词tend后面跟不定式，表示“有…的倾 向，有…的习惯”，或译为”倾向于，趋 于”。