高中英语Unit15Lessons3-4Grammar-虚拟语气(二)讲练北师版必修5
虚拟语气讲解和练习(附答案)
虚拟语气讲解和练习（附答案）概念理解一、动词的语气语气用来区别讲话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
英语中的语气(mood)1.陈述语气Where there is a will, there's a way. 有志者事竟成。
Can you help me carry the box upstairs 你能帮我把箱子搬到楼上吗？How I missed the life in the countryside! 我多么想念乡村的生活啊！2.祈使语气Come this way, please! 请这边走。
Don't make any noise, will you 别吵，行吗？Do be careful when crossing the street. 过马路时一定要小心。
3.虚拟语气If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。
I wish it were spring all the year round. 但愿四季如春。
May good luck be yours! 祝你好运！知识清单清单一、条件句中的虚拟语气A．真实条件句If he doesn't come at 8, we won't wait for him. 如果他八点不来，我们就不等他了。
If a flood happened in the past, there was usually a great loss of life and property. 过去发生洪水的话，常有很大的生命和财产损失。
We shall go there unless it rains tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我们将去那里。
I'll let you use my bike on condition that you keep it clean. 如果你能保持车子干净，我就让你用我的自行车。
高中英语Unit15Lessons1-2Grammar-虚拟语气(一)讲练北师版必修5
虚拟语气（一）条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。
真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，主从句皆用陈述语气；非真实条件句所表的假设是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，主从句皆用虚拟语气。
接下来，我们一起看看非真实条件句中的虚拟语气。
★当主从句所表示的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整，主从句按各自的时间采用相应的谓语形式。
如：If he had bee n trying hard, his pare nts would not be so worried.If he knew this, it would have had to be by accide nt.If I were not busy, I would have come.★如果if条件句中有were, had, should等词时，可以省去if，把这几个词放在句首。
如：Were you in my positi on, you would do the same.Had she bee n asked, she would have done it.Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.【即学即练】I. 从括号内选择正确的选项填空。
1. If I _______ (met / shall meet) him tomorrow, I should have a talk with him.If I _______ (am / were) him, I would not use the computer just to play games,to chat, or to listen to music; I _________ ____ (would learn / will learn) some knowledge and skills, which will be helpful in the future.2. If I _______ (had / had had) time last night, I _____________ (had gone / would havegone) to see the film with you. If I had gone to the cinema, I __________ (will see/ would have seen) my favourite film star in the flesh and I ______________ (would have take n / will have take n) a photo with her.3. _______ (Were / Am) I a pare nt, I would have a lot of rules at my house. However,I would take time to do things for my children. And I ________________ (will allow / would allow) them to develop their own hobbies and to choose their own clothes.4. If we had arrived at the shopp ing mall earlier, we ______ (will get / wouldget) more gifts now.II. 从括号内选出正确的选项完成下列句子。
北师大版高中英语语法虚拟语气
虚拟语气1. 语气的定义和种类（1）语气的定义语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
（2）语气的种类A. 陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
We are not ready.Did it rain all day yesterday?What a fine day today！B. 祈使语气表使说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。
Be careful.Don’t forget to close the wi ndow.Open the door, please.C. 虚拟语气表使动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
2. 虚拟语气一. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类：条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。
真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。
如：If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。
Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起来。
虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。
条件从句主句与现在事实相违背过去式（动词是be用were）should / would/could/might + 动词原形与过去事实相违背had + 过去分词should / would/could/might + have +过去分词与未来事实相违背1) should + 动词原形2) were + 动词不定式3) 过去式（动词是Be也可以用were）should / would/could/might + 动词原形1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+动词原形。
高中英语 module 5 unit 15 第一第二第三条件句(虚拟语气)综合讲解 北师大版必修5
w_o_u_ld__b_e__h_a_v_in_g_ supper at home now.
第二十四页，共30页。
综合练习3： Multiple Choice
• If the earth _w__e_r_e_t_o_s__to_p(stop) turning, what _____w__o_u_l_d_h_a_p_(pheanppen)?
时 间 If条件句谓语动词 主句谓语动词
将来
一般过去时 (be 动词 用were)
were to do should do
• If there __h_a_d_n_o_t_b_e_e_n_(be) the Communist Party（共产党）, there would not have been the foundation of New China.
• If China had not opened to the world, we w__o_u_ld__le_a_d__ (lead) a poor life now.
高中英语 module 5 unit 15 第一第二第三 条件句（虚拟语气）综合讲解 北师大版
必修5
15.05.2023
生产计划部
第一页，共30页。
• 英语中 • 的语气
陈பைடு நூலகம்语气
祈使语气
虚拟语气
第二页，共30页。
If I were a bird,
I would ….
freely
第三页，共30页。
would should could
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习题(附答案)
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
北师大版高中英语必修5 Unit15 语法全解-状语从句中虚拟语气用法解析
语法全解-状语从句中虚拟语气用法解析1. 目的状语从句中的虚拟语气(1)在for fear that, in case, lest 引导的目的状语从句中，若用虚拟语气时，从句谓语为：should + 动词原形。
并且should 不能省略She examined the door again for fear that a thief should come in. 她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入。
He started out earlier lest he should be late. 他很早就出发了以防迟到。
(2)在so that, in order that 所引导的目的状语从句中，从句中的谓语为：can / may / could / might / will / would / should + 动词原形。
如(from www.yygra )：He goes closer to the speaker so that he can hear him clearer. 他走近说话的人以便能挺得更清楚。
He read the letter carefully in order that he should not miss a word. 他把信读得很仔细以便不漏掉一个单词。
2. 让步状语从句中的虚拟语气(1)在even if, even though 所引导的让步状语从句中，可用虚拟语气，主句、从句的结构与if 所引导的条件从句结构相同。
如：Even if he were here himself, he should not know what to do. 即使他亲自来也不知该怎么办。
Nobody could save him even though Hua Tuo should come here. 即使华佗在世也救不了他。
(2)在whatever, whichever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, no matter wh-word 等引导的让步状语从句中，从句虚拟语气结构为：①may +动词原形(指现在或将来)。
高中英语 Unit 15 Learning Period 3 Grammar同步课件 北师大版必修5
2．在It is suggested/requested/desired/ordered/proposed that... 等结构的主语从句中，其后的从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用 “(should)＋动词原形”。
It was suggested that we (should) put an end to the project.有人 建议我们结束这项工程(gōngchéng)。
第五页，共30页。
2．表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用 would/could/should/might＋动词原形(yuánxíng)：
It's too cold.I wish it would become sunny this afternoon. I wish you would stay two hours longer. 3．表示与过去事实相反的情况，用过去完成时或 would/could＋have＋过去分词。 Linda failed the final exam.She wishes she had worked harder. I wish I could have gone hiking with you last Sunday.
D．be heated
【答案】D [that引出(yǐn chū)一个表语从句，其前有名词
requirements，所以动词要用(should)do的形式。]
第十八页，共30页。
4．The weather turned out to be fine yesterday.I________the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.
be immediately cut off. A．Would you be
高中英语语法课件-虚拟语气(全)(共55张PPT)详解
实战练习 5
2001年1月大学英语四级题目： Some women a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family. A. must make B. should have made C. would make D. could have made
解题思路
这是一道错综时间虚拟条件句。 在本句中，从句是对过去发生的事情进 行假设，主句是对现在情况的假设。 译文：当你掉下来时，如果不是我在梯 子下面把你接住，恐怕你现在就不会笑 了。选A
实战练习 2
If you had taken your medicine yesterday, you ___ well now. A. are B. had been C. would be D. were 正确答案: C
祈使语气主要用于祈使句。 e.g. Get out of here! 虚拟语气
II. 什么是虚拟语气？
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，表示说话人 所说的话不是事实，而是想象、假设、建议、 打算、意见、愿望、怀疑、推测、喜悦等等。 e.g. If we had met her last night, we would have told her what had happened. 如果我们昨晚见到她，我们就会告诉她发生了 什么事。 （实际上，我们并没有见到她，也没有告诉她 所发生的事。）
注意！！！
如果条件从句是否定式，倒装时只能把 not 放在主语之后，不能用缩写式把not 放在主语之前。 e.g. Had you not told me about the matter, I should never have known the whole thing. (不能说：Hadn’t you told me…)
高中英语 虚拟语气讲解及练习(有答案)
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
高中英语Unit15Lessons3_4Grammar_虚拟语气(二)讲练北师版必修5
虚拟语气（二）上期我们学习了非真实条件句中虚拟语气的运用，本期我们将重点讲解虚拟语气在其它句式中的运用。
1. 虚拟语气用于宾语从句◆wish后的宾语从句从句谓语可用一般过去式（be动词多用were）表示与现在事实相反的假设；用“had +过去分词”表示与过去事实相反的假设；用“would +动词原形”表示一种希望。
如：I wish I were a bit taller.I wish I had more time.I wish you hadn’t told me all this.I wish you would stay a little longer.◆would rather后的宾语从句从句谓语多用相当于过去式的形式，表示现在或将来的情况。
如：—Do you mind if I smoke here?—I’d rather you didn’t.Nancy would rather Roy came to see her tomorrow.◆在command, demand, desire, insist, order, request, require, suggest, urge 等表示要求、坚持、命令、建议、愿望等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“should +动词原形”，should可以省略。
如：They demanded that the report (should) be made public.Barbara insisted that I (should) stay and fight.注意：①当suggest表示“暗示，说明”，insist表示“坚持认为，坚持说”时，从句谓语不用虚拟语气，而用正常的陈述语气。
如：All the evidence suggests that he stole the money.She kept insisting that she was innocent.②suggestion, order, request, insistence等名词后的that从句中，谓语也用虚拟语气，即：“should +动词原形”，should可以省略。
高中英语Unit15Lessons3-4Grammar-虚拟语气(二)讲练北师版必修5
虚拟语气（二）上期我们学习了非真实条件句中虚拟语气的运用，本期我们将重点讲解虚拟语气在其它句式中的运用。
1. 虚拟语气用于宾语从句◆wish后的宾语从句从句谓语可用一般过去式（be动词多用were）表示与现在事实相反的假设；用“had +过去分词”表示与过去事实相反的假设；用“would +动词原形”表示一种希望。
如：I wish I were a bit taller.I wish I had more time.I wish you hadn’t told me all this.I wish you would stay a little longer.◆would rather后的宾语从句从句谓语多用相当于过去式的形式，表示现在或将来的情况。
如：—Do you mind if I smoke here?—I’d rather you didn’t.Nancy would rather Roy came to see her tomorrow.◆在command, demand, desire, insist, order, request, require, suggest, urge 等表示要求、坚持、命令、建议、愿望等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“should +动词原形”，should可以省略。
如：They demanded that the report (should) be made public.Barbara insisted that I (should) stay and fight.注意：①当suggest表示“暗示，说明”，insist表示“坚持认为，坚持说”时，从句谓语不用虚拟语气，而用正常的陈述语气。
如：All the evidence suggests that he stole the money.She kept insisting that she was innocent.②suggestion, order, request, insistence等名词后的that从句中，谓语也用虚拟语气，即：“should +动词原形”，should可以省略。
北师大版高中英语必修5 Unit15 语法全解-其他句型中虚拟语气用法解析
语法全解-其他句型中虚拟语气用法解析一、宾语从句中的虚拟语气1．英语中，如：advise, ask, demand, desire, decide, insist(坚决要求) , order, propose, request, suggest(建议) 表示请求、要求、命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) + 原形动词。
如：The teacher advised that we should make good use of every minute here. 老师劝我们要好好地利用在这儿的每一分钟。
The Party asked that we should serve the people with our heart and soul. 党要求我们要全心全意地为人民服务。
但是，当insist的意思为：坚决认为，坚持说；suggest的意思为：表明，暗含，暗示等时，宾语从句一般不用虚拟语气。
如：Tom insisted that he hadn’t stolen the watch. 汤姆坚持说他没有偷那块手表。
His smile suggested that he had succeeded in this exam. 他的微笑表明他在考试中成功了。
2.believe, expect, suspect, think, imagine 等动词的否定句或疑问句中的宾语从句常用虚拟语气。
其虚拟语气的结构为：should + 原形动词。
如：Can you believe that he should kill a tiger? 你能相信他竟杀死了一只老虎？Can you imagine that he should take the first place in the long jump contest?你能想象得到他在跳远比赛中竟获得了第一名？3.英语中，wish 之后的宾语从句，表示一种没有实现或根本不可能实现的愿望，常用虚拟语气。
高中英语复习北师大版《虚拟语气》 课件 (共27张PPT)
If it were not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties.
Were it not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties.
She loves the baby as if it were her own son. It seems as if it were spring. I remembered the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.
He looks as if he were drunk.
be killed the next day. They requested that we (should) send them to
work there.
②以上动词相应的名词构成的名词 性从句包括主语从句，表语从句和 同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。从 句中的动词形式一样。
即：(should)＋V.
注意： 不接虚拟语气的用法，表 示可能或真实的 情形。
It looks as if I am going to be busy.
It looks as though it is going to rain.
过去时 4.It’s (about/high) time +(that)… should +V.
1.一般过去时 would/could/should
将来 2. were to do
/might +V原
3.should+V 原
高中英语unit15learning单元语法项目(二)—虚拟语气(ⅱ)英语
“_本__该__做__某__事_而__实__际__上_未__做____”。
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02 课堂语法精讲
12/12/2021
一、宾语从句中的虚拟语气 1．表示“坚持”“命令”“建议”“要求”等后的宾语从 句要用虚拟语气。这类动词归纳为： “一个坚持(insist)、两个命令(order, command)、三个建议 (advise, suggest, propose)、四个要求(demand, require, request, ask)”，这类虚拟语气由“should＋动词原形”构成，其中的 should 通常可以省略。 The examination instructor asked that the students (should) not use a calculator. 考官要求学生不要使用计算器。 He demands that he (should)be told everything. 他要求将一切都告诉他。
12/12/2021
[即学即用 1] 单句语法填空 (1)I wish I ___w_e_r_e___ (be) a superman like the spider man. (2)I didn't learn to play any instrument when I was at school. I
with her. (5)I would rather you _s_ta_y_e_d____ (stay) at home tonight.
12/12/2021
二、主语从句中的虚拟语气 当主语从句表示惊奇、惋惜、怀疑等时应用虚拟语气，谓语 用“(should) do”结构。常用句型为 “It's strange/necessary/important/ a pity/suggested/vital/desired /proposed/essential/natural/...that...”。 *It is strange that such a person (should) be our friend. 很奇怪这样一个人竟然是我们的朋友。 *It's suggested that the old man (should) be sent to hospital immediately. 有人建议说老人应该马上被送去医院。
（完整版）虚拟语气讲解及练习题（含答案和解释）
（完整版）虚拟语气讲解及练习题（含答案和解释）虚拟语气讲解与练习黄志刚2013.10.一. 简介虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气在什么情况下用虚拟语气? 在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或表示某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。
即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。
二. 虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法1、真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句真：eg . If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。
( 真实条件状语)（不是虚拟语气）If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的，他会要求我讲故事。
（真实条件状语）（不是虚拟语气）非真：eg. If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你，我马上就会去。
（非真实条件状语从句）If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空气，人就会死亡。
（非真实条件状语从句）2、用法及动词形式1、表示与现在事实相反的情况，例1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。
（事实：我不可能是你） 2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。
（事实：不知道） 3.If there were no air orwater, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。
高中虚拟语气的讲解+练习+详解
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
高考英语复习北师大版《虚拟语气》 课件 (共52张PPT)
一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气
1.和现在的事实相反
时态 从 句
主句
表 示
过去时
should+动词原形 would +动词原形
现 (be---were) could +动词原形
在
might +动词原形
让所有的花儿都开放，让所有的鸟儿都歌唱
3. 非真实（虚拟）条件句
b.表示与过去事实相反的假设。
句型： 条件从句
让所有的花儿都开放，让所有的鸟儿都歌唱
S+wish+that+S+
did/were(现在) had done(过去)
would/could+do (将来)
wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于:hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从 句用陈述语气。wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气 。试比较: (1) We hope they will come. (We don't know if they can come.) (2) We wish they could come. (We know they are not coming.)
2.和过去的事实相反
时态 从 句
主句
表 had + should+have+过去分词
示 过 去
过去分词 would +have+过去分词
could +have+过去分词 might +have+过去分词
让所有的花儿都开放，让所有的鸟儿都歌唱
c.表示对将来的假想
句型： 条件从句
主句
一般过去时
should+ 动词原形
unit15Learninglesson3虚拟语气的用法
unit15Learninglesson3虚拟语气的用法Unit 15 Learning lesson 3虚拟语气的用法导学案高二英语主备人：范润辉审核人：高二英语组第五大周学习目标：掌握虚拟语气在从句中的用法学习方法：自主学习合作探究展示点拨一. 自主学习wish 后宾语从句中的虚拟语气请仔细观察下面3组含有wish的句子，注意黑体部分，并总结wish 后接宾语从句的虚拟语气的用法和从句中谓语动词的形式：1. I wish I knew his address. 我真希望我知道他的地址。
(事实上我不知道他的地址。
表示与现在事实相反的愿望。
)2.I wish the weather weren’t so cold. 要是天不那么冷就好了。
(事实上天气很冷。
表示与现在事实相反的愿望。
)3．He wished that he hadn’t said that. 他真希望他当时没有那么说。
(但事实上他已经那么说了。
表示与过去事实相反的愿望。
)4.I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我真希望明天会下雨。
（事实上明天不会下雨。
表示与将来事实相反的愿望。
）5.I wish he could go with me. 我真希望他会和我一起去。
（事实上他不会和我一起去。
表示与将来事实相反的愿望。
）[及时总结]用法谓语动词的形式与现在事实相反过去式(be动词通常用were)与过去事实相反过去完成式或could / would /might have + 过去分词与将来事实相反would / could / might等+ 动原[练一练] 从所给的A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。
1.How I wish every family _____a large house with a beautiful garden!(2002 上海春)A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had had2. I really wish such an argument _________ soon.A. will stopB. stoppedC. would stopD. had stopped3. I wish I __________ my uncle yesterday.A. had metB. would metC. metD. have met4. — Have you ever been to Beijing?—No, but I wish I _________.A. haveB. willC. doD. had二. 合作探究第一部分：should have的用法仔细阅读以下句子，体会should have done和shouldn’t have done在句中的意思。
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虚拟语气(二)
上期我们学习了非真实条件句中虚拟语气的运用，本期我们将重点讲解虚拟语气在其
它句式中的运用。
1. 虚拟语气用于宾语从句
♦wish后的宾语从句
从句谓语可用一般过去式(be动词多用were)表示与现在事实相反的假设；用“ had + 过去分词”表示与过去事实相反的假设；用“ would +动词原形”表示一种希望。
如：
I wish I were a bit taller.
I wish I had more time.
I wish you hadn ' t told me all this.
I wish you would stay a little Ion ger.
♦would rather 后的宾语从句
从句谓语多用相当于过去式的形式，表示现在或将来的情况。
如：
—Do you mi nd if I smoke here?
—I ' d rather you didn ' t.
Nancy would rather Roy came to see her tomorrow.
♦在comma nd, dema nd, desire, in sist, order, request, require, suggest, urge
等表示要求、坚持、命令、建议、愿望等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“should +动词
原形”，should可以省略。
如：
They dema nded that the report (should) be made public.
Barbara in sisted that I (should) stay and fight.
①当suggest表示“暗示，说明”，insist 表示“坚持认为，坚持说”时，从句谓语不
用虚拟语气，而用正常的陈述语气。
如：
All the evide nee suggests that he stole the mon ey.
She kept in sist ing that she was innocent.
②suggestion , order, request, insistenee 等名词后的that从句中，谓语也用虚拟语
气，即：“ should +动词原形”，should可以省略。
如：
He agreed with my suggesti on that we (should) cha nge the date.
Cindy left her address with a request that any mail (should) be sent on to her.
2. 虚拟语气用于定语从句
在It is (high / about) time 后的从句中，谓语要用过去式。
如：
It ' s time she went to bed.
It ' s high / about time you made up your mind.
3. 虚拟语气用于简单句
♦表示对过去事情的懊悔时，谓语用“should + have + 过去分词”。
如：
You should have fini shed rea ding it by Friday.
♦表示“祝愿”时，常用“ may +主语+动词原形”。
如：
May you have a good journ ey!
【即学即练】
I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
It ' s eight o ' clock now, and it ' s high time Henry 1. _________ (get) up. But he feels rather sleepy and tired. He seems to be regretting going shopping with Laura
yesterday. It 2. _______ (take) up a lot of his time and he had to stay up late,
writi ng bus in ess reports. He would rather he 3. ______ (stay) at home all day
yesterday. He didn ' t take Peter ' s advice that he 4. ________________ (finish) the reports
in advanee. He should 5. __________ (finish) them earlier. Now, he has to go to work.
I wish he 6. ________ (have) a nice day! r
II. 从括号内选择正确的选项完成下列句子。
1.1 wish I (know / knew) what ' s wrong with my car.
2. The coach in sisted that Marcy (play / plays) the centre positi on, even though
he' s much too short for that positi on.
3. He did n ' t atte nd the meet in g. I would rather he (was / had bee n) prese nt.
4. I should (have told / tell) you all about the tasks, but you didn ' t ask me.
III. 从A B C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Where are the children? The dinner ' s going to be completely ru ined.
—I wish they always late. ( 北京2011)
A. weren 't
B. hadn ' t been
C. wouldn' t be
D. wouldn 't have bee n
2. George is going to talk about the geography of his coun try, but I K' d rather he
more on its culture.
(江苏2010)
A. focus
B. focused
C. would focus
D. had focused
参考答案
I. 1. got 2. took 3. had stayed 4. (should) fin ish 5. have fini shed 6. could have
II. 1. knew 2. play 3. had been 4. have told
III. 1-2 AB。