浙江省2016高考英语二轮复习 科普知识阅读理解(4)

科普知识阅读理解（4）

科普知识（阅读理解）由 (2012陕西,C)改编

Eating too much fatty food,exercising too little and smoking can raise your future risk of heart disease.But there is another factor that can cause your heart problems more immediately: the air you breathe.

Previous studies have linked high exposure (暴露) to environmental pollution to an increased risk of heart problems,but two analyses now show that poor air quality can lead to heart attack or stroke (中风) within as little as a few hours after exposure.In one review of the research,scientists found that people exposed to high levels of pollutants (污染物) were up to 5% more likely to suffer a heart attack within days of exposure than those with lower exposure.A separate study of stroke patients showed that even air that the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) considers to be of “moderate” (良好) quality and relatively safe for our health can raise the risk of stroke as much as 34% within 12 to 14 hours of exposure.

The authors of both studies stress that these risks are relatively small for healthy people and certainly modest compared with other risk factors such as smoking and high blood pressure.However,it is important to be aware of these dangers because everyone is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices.So stricter regulation by the EPA of pollutants may not only improve environmental air quality but could also become necessary to protect public health.

1.The text mainly discusses the relationship between .

A.heart problems and air quality

B.heart problems and exercising

C.heart problems and smoking

D.heart problems and fatty food

2.The underlined word “modest” in Paragraph 3 most probably means .

A.relatively high

B.extremely low

C.relatively low

D.extremely high

3.What can we learn from the text?( )

A.Eating fatty food has immediate effects on your heart.

B.The EPA conducted many studies on air quality.

C.Moderate air quality is more harmful than smoking.

D.Stricter regulations on pollutants should be made.

4.The author’s purpose of writing the text is most likely to .

rm

B.persuade

C.describe

D.entertain

语篇解读:本文为说明文,题材为科普知识类,从文章中读者可以得知空气污染也是导致心脏出问题的一个重要因素。

答案及剖析:1.A 主旨大意题。文章第一段的第二句话就已将本文主旨告知:“... there is another factor that can cause your heart problems more immediately:the air you breathe.”故选择A项。

2.C 猜测词义题。文章第三段第一句和第二句主要内容是:虽然空气污染这个因素对于健康人士来说危害相对小,并且相对于其他因素来说空气污染的危害比较低,但是我们不能忽视它。根据上下文句意选择C项。

3.D 推理判断题。根据文章第三段的最后一句“So stricter regulation...may not only improve environmental air quality but could also become necessary to protect public health.”可知应选择D项。

4.A 主旨大意题。根据全文可以发现,作者希望通过本文告知读者空气污染对心脏有危害,希望大家在关注这一情况的同时注意环境的保护,故选择A项inform告知,通知。B劝说;C 描述;D娱乐。

【长难句子分析】

在关于这项调查的一个述评中,科学家发现,经过几天之后,接触污染物多的人要比接触污染物少的人患心脏病的几率高5%。