高考英语阅读理解细节理解题的解题步骤和方法(最新整理)

eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.

51. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Food when poisoned can make people sick.

B. Food poisoning means death.

C. Food poisoning comes in varieties.

D. Food poisoning can be serious.

52. We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning .

A. are always accompanied by a fever

B. are too common to be noted

C. can be noticed within hours

D. can be ignored

53. Food poi soning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT .

A. some chemicals

B. low tempertures

C. some tiny living things

D. certain natural materials

54. From Paragraph 5, we can learn that

A. mushrooms should not be eaten

B. vegetables are safer than meat and seafood

C. natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals

D. different types of food should be handled differently

55. It can be inferred from the passage that

A. natural materials are safe in food processing

B. chemicals are needed in food processing

C. food poisoning can be kept under control

D. food poisoning is out of control

该篇文章除了最后一题是主旨大意题外，其他都是细节理解题，而且答案位置的先后顺序与题号顺序是基本一致的。

2. 通过定位词寻找出题点

定位词和主题句是英语阅读理解解题方法的最重要的两个要素，前者适用于解答细节理解题，后者用于解答主旨大意题。通过定位词解题，就是说我们在阅读题干的时候迅速的把题干中有标记意义的词或词组划记出来，然后用这个词回到原文当中定位。

（1）什么词才算是定位词呢？

我们首先要关注的是表示人名、地名等的专有名词和表示年份、数字、百分数等的数词，以及题干中出现的大写的名词。如

【2010辽宁】64. According to California study, the low-scoring group might .

【2010全国卷II】51. Why are some Chinese likely to go skiing in the Europe?

【2010辽宁】61. What does the writer dislike most about dinner parties in New York?

【2010全国I】61. How did Christy McKinley know Ms. Schatzman’s opinion of the chi tea?

【2010山东】57. was created for .

【2010湖南】62, We can know that before 1995 Mary .

【2010四川】46. What is an advantage of the buildings meeting the Green Communities Standards?

在上面的例子当中，表示地名的California, New York, Europe；表示人名的Christy McKinley, Ms. Schatzman，表示时间的1995 以及大写的特殊专有名词, Green Communities Standards等都是定位词，在原文当中都有出现，能帮助我们迅速地找找到出题点。

可是我们不一定每次都运气好碰到专有名词等，在没有上面这些类词的时候我们需要留意一些表示实体意义，指代一件具体事物的具象的名词。如：

【2010广东】48. When your colleague brings about a problem, you should .

【2010江苏】56. Which of the following do the surnames in the passage NOT cover?

【2010全国I】56. Where is the nearest parking place to Shakespeare’s Birthplace?

【2010全国I】66. Why do hoatzins collect together in smaller groups when the rainy season comes?

如果我们在题干中连一个实体名词都找不到的话应该怎么办呢？这时我们还可以关注题干中词义鲜明的动词、形容词、副词等。但是因为动词、形容词、副词的同义表达太多，题干中这些词往往是原文中的同义表达或转化，需要引起我们的注意。这个我们在下文中还会专门提到。请看下面一个用形容词、副词作定位词的例子：

【2010上海】67. Indian elephants are getting increasingly angry and they revenge because

在原文中我们可以找到对应的句子：Increasingly, the Indian elephant is angry: for many years, illegal hunters have attacked it and its home in the jungle has been reduced to small pieces of land. It is now fighting back.