完整版英语语法反义疑问句专项讲解

反义疑问句

一、反义疑问句

又叫附加疑问句。反义疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。

1.陈述部分为肯定式+ 疑问部分为否定式

（如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀，那么，该陈述部分作肯定处理，附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式）

e.g. She was ill yesterday, wasn't she?

Tom dislikes the book, doesn't he?

2.陈述部分为否定式+ 疑问部分为肯定式

(陈述部分用no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定或半否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定式。)

e.g. He can't ride a bike, can he?

Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?

二、附加疑问句

（一）主语的选择

1．陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用aren't I.

I'm as tall as your sister, aren't I?

注：当陈述部分的主语是I，而句子又用来征询对方的意见时，附加疑问句中的主语用you。如：

I find English very interesting, don't you?

I don't like that film, do you?

2．当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody等合成代词时，附加疑问句中的主语通常用they，亦可用he，如：

Somebody phoned while I was out, didn't they?

Everyone enjoyed the party, didn't they?

Nobody wants to go there, does he?

3．当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything, nothing, anything, something时，附加疑问句中的主语一般用it，如：

Everything seems all right now, doesn't it?

Nothing is kept in good order, is it?

Something must be done to stop pollution, isn't it?

4．当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that或these, those时，附加疑问句中的主语分别用it和they，如：

This is important, isn't it?

That isn't correct, is it?

These are your friends Tom and Jack, aren't they?

5．如果陈述部分是以代词one作主语，附加疑问句中的主语在正式场合用one，非正式场合下可以用you或he，如：

One can't be too careful, can one?或can you?

One should do his duty, shouldn't he?

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6．当陈述句为there be结构时，附加疑问句中的主语也用there。如：

There's no help for it, is there?

There's something wrong, isn't there?

7．当陈述部分为主从复合句时，附加疑问部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。如：

She says that I did it, doesn't she?

I told them not everybody could do it ,didn't I?

但当陈述部分的主语是I，谓语是think, believe, suppose, expect这类动词时，附加疑问部分则往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系，但要注意否定的转移。

I suppose that he's serious isn't he?

I don't think she cares, does she?

8．当陈述部分是并列句，附加疑问句则需和就近的分句的主语和谓语一致。如：Xiao Lin has been writing letters all afternoon but he should finish them now, shouldn't he?

9．在由“祈使句+附加疑问”构成的附加疑问句中，附加疑问部分的主语一般用you。如：Don't open the door, will you?

Give me some cigarettes, can you?

Take a rest, why don't you?

但以let's开头的祈使句，附加疑问部分用shall we；以let us开头的祈使句，如果含义是allow us，不包括听话人在内，疑问部分用will you。如：

Let's have a basketball match this afternoon, shall we?

Let us go out for a rest, will you?

10．陈述句子中的主语为动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语时，疑问部分的主语通常用it。如：

Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, doesn't it?

Between six and seven will suit you, won't it?

Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, has it?

（二）谓语动词的选择

1．当陈述部分带有情态动词must表示“必须”时，疑问部分用mustn't。如：You must work hard next term, mustn't you?

I must answer the letter, mustn't I?

但若表推测这层含义时，不能用must，而要根据陈述部分的不定式结构（即must之后的动词）以及含义采用相应的动词形式。如：

You must have made a mistake, haven't you?

They must have seen the film last week, didn't they?

He must be in the library, isn't he?

2．当陈述部分含有used to时，疑问部分可用usedn't或didn't。如：

The old man used to smoke, didn't /usedn't he?

Tom used to live here, usedn't /didn't he?

3．当陈述部分带有情态动词ought to时，疑问部分用oughtn't或shouldn't。如：He ought to know the answer, oughtn't he?

We ought to read this book, oughtn't/ shouldn't we?

4．当陈述部分含有情态动词dare或need时，疑问部分常用need /dare +主语。