高中英语Module5 SectionⅢGrammar_复习状语从句教案含解析外研版必修5

Section Ⅲ Grammar—复习状语从句
语法图解
探究发现
①When he retired at the age of 26, he had won 106 gold medals in major competitions across the world.
②But even though he had won everything it was possible to win in his sport, Li Ning retired with the feeling that he had failed.
③Please take your raincoat along with you in case it rains.
④If you go into a school or university anywhere, the chances are you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo.
⑤Whenever Chinese athletes step out onto the track during the 2008 Olympics, they will be wearing Li Ning tracksuits.
⑥As the leader comes into the stadium to run the last few metres of the 42­kilometre race, the crowd rises to its feet to shout and cheer.
⑦While I don’t like his design at all, I attended the meeting.
⑧Although he is very old, he knows little about how to deal with this kind of people.
[我的发现]
(1)判断上述状语从句的类型：②⑦⑧是让步状语从句；③④是条件状语从句；①⑤⑥是时间状语从句。

(2)even though引导让步状语从句时，可用even_if来替换。

一、时间状语从句
1．when引导的时间状语从句
when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词；从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。

When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.
当我住在农村时，我常常为他送水。

(延续性动词)
When I came home, my mother was cooking dinner.
我回家时，妈妈在做晚饭。

(非延续性动词)
[名师点津] whenever意为“每当，每每”时，也能引导时间状语从句。

Larry always blames me whenever anything goes wrong.
每每什么事情出现问题，拉里总是责怪我。

2．while引导的时间状语从句
while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词是延续性动词或表示状态的动词，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。

Study while you study; play while you play.
该学习的时候就学习，该玩的时候就玩。

He listens to the radio while driving to work.
他去上班时一边开着车一边听广播。

3．as引导时间状语从句时，表示“当……时，一边……一边……”，侧重表示主句中的动作和从句中的动作同时发生，或者一种动作随着另一种动作的变化而变化。

He jumps as he goes along.
他边走边跳。

As he grew old, he went deaf.
随着年龄的增长，他变聋了。

4．since引导的时间状语从句
since引导时间状语从句时，表示“自从……”，从句中的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词。

一般情况下，从句的谓语动词若是一般过去时，主句的时态常是现在完成时或现在完成进行时。

He hasn’t been home since he graduated.
自从他毕业后就没回过家。

She has been working in this factory since she left school.
她离开学校以后就一直在这个工厂工作。

5．till和until引导的时间状语从句
till和until这两个词作连词和介词时的意义和用法相同，一般可以互换。

放在句首时通常用until的形式，till在口语中更为常见。

till和until引导时间状语从句时，若主句是肯定形式，这时主句的谓语是延续性动词，表示“到……为止”；若主句是否定形式，主句的谓语是非延续性动词，表示“直到……才”。

Walk till/until you come to a white house.
一直走到一座白房子为止。

We didn’t discuss the problem until he came back.
我们一直等到他回来后才讨论这个问题。

6．before引导的时间状语从句
before引导时间状语从句时，意为“在……之前；……之后才；没来得及……就……”，常表示主句动作先于从句动作发生。

从句一般不能用否定句。

He had put the broken vase away before his mother came back.
他趁妈妈还没回来把打碎的花瓶收拾好了。

7．after引导的时间状语从句
after表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。

主句用一般过去时，从句可以用一般过去时，也可以用过去完成时。

He called me after he had finished his work.
他工作完了之后给我打了个电话。

8．名词短语作连词引导的时间状语从句
表示时间的名词短语也可以引导时间状语从句。

常见的这类名词短语有：the time, the moment, the minute, the day, the year, the first time, the second time, each time, every time, next time, any time等。

The moment he reached the country, he started his search.
他一到达这个国家，就开始他的搜寻工作。

The first time I spoke in public, I felt embarrassed.
第一次当众演讲，我感到局促不安。

9．表示“一……就……”的连词或结构引导的时间状语从句
as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, no sooner ...than ..., hardly/scarcely ... when ...都意为“一……就……”，表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即发生。

Immediately/directly/instantly/As soon as I saw her, I knew there was something wrong.
我一看到她，就知道出事了。

No sooner had she gone to sleep than the telephone rang once more.
她刚睡着，电话就又响了。

[名师点津] 注意no sooner ...than ..., hardly/scarcely ...when ...结构的时态搭配， no sooner与hardly/scarcely引导的主句谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when的从句中的谓语动词应用一般过去时。

此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，句子应用部分倒装语序。

10．时间状语从句的几个常用句型
(1)It is/has been＋时间段＋since ...(从句用一般过去时)“自……以来已有多长时间了”，从句谓语用短暂性动词时，表示动作持续了多久，用延续性动词时，表示动作停止了多久。

It’s six months since we last met each other.
自从我们上次见面(到现在)已有六个月了。

(2)It is/was＋时间点＋when ...“当……的时候已是……”。

It was midnight when they finished the work.
他们完成工作的时候已是午夜了。

(3)句型“It be＋时间段＋before ...”中it指时间，主句常用一般将来时或过去时。

主句中的表语多为long, not long, three days, two weeks等表示时间段的词或短语。

It was not long before I left for London.
不久我就动身去伦敦了。

[即时演练1]
(1)句型转换(每空一词)
①His mother went to bed after he came back.
→His mother didn’t go to bed until/till he came back.
②The moment I saw him, I gave him all the books.
→I gave him all the books as soon as I saw him.
③I didn’t recognize her before she took off her cap.
→I recognized her after she took off her cap.
④He came to our school three months ago.
→It is three months since he came to our school.
(2)单句改错
①I was about to say while you interrupted me.while→when
②It will not be long before you will get used to the life here.去掉第二个will
③I mmediate he came back, his mother told him the news.Immediate→Immediately
二、条件状语从句
1．if和unless引导的条件状语从句
if表示正面的条件，意为“如果”；unless(＝if not)表示负面的条件，意为“除非，如果不”。

If you fail in the exam, you will let him down.
如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。

You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier.
＝You will fail to arrive there in time if you do not start earlier.
如果你不早点动身，你就不能及时赶到那儿。

[名师点津] if从句还表示不可能实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种
虚拟的条件或假设，从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时。

If I were you, I would invite him to the party.
如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。

I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.
如果没有堵车，我会到得早一点儿。

2．in case, on condition that, providing/provided (that), supposing/suppose (that)等引导的条件状语从句
这些词汇意思相近，表示“假如，假使，在……条件下”(比if更为书面化)。

He won’t be against us in the meeting provided that we ask for his advice in advance.
如果我们提前征求一下他的意见，他就不会在会上反对我们。

[名师点津] in case所引导的从句为主句的动作提供理由，从句接一般现在时、一般过去时或“should＋动词原形”这一虚拟语气。

Don’t go out tomorrow morning in case Mr Li should come to visit you.
明天上午不要出去，以防李先生来看你。

3．so/as long as, on condition that引导条件状语从句时，表示“只要”。

As/So long as I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.
只要我知道钱是安全的，我就不会担心。

I will do it on condition that you help me.
只要你帮助我，我就愿意做此事。

[即时演练2]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①If he comes (come) to see me, I will tell him what has happened.
②If I were (be) you, I would not do it like this.
(2)完成句子
①The boss will be happy as/so_long_as/on_condition_that_you_can_attend_the_meeting on time.
只要你能按时来参加会议，老板就会高兴的。

②I won’t go to attend their wedding unless_he_invites_me.
除非他邀请我，否则我是不会去参加他们的婚礼的。

③In_case_she_comes_back,_let me know immediately.
假如她回来了，立刻告诉我。

三、让步状语从句
1．though, although, even if, even though引导的让步状语从句
它们都有“虽然，即使，尽管”的意思，even if, even though语气较强，though 和although语气较弱。

though 不如although 正式；though 可用于假设，although用于陈述“事实”。

Even though/Even if it was raining, she walked to work.
即使下雨，她也是走着去上班。

[名师点津] though和although不与but连用，但可与yet或still连用。

Although she has a lot of money, yet/still she is not happy.
虽然她有很多钱，但她并不快乐。

2．while引导的让步状语从句
while也可引导让步状语从句，突出对比主句和从句所表示的两种情况。

While he is young, he is experienced.
他虽然年轻，却有经验。

3．“no matter＋疑问词”与疑问词＋­ever引导的让步状语从句
疑问词＋­ever引导让步状语从句时相当于“no matter＋疑问词”，二者可换用。

但“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，而疑问词＋­ever中的whatever, whoever, whomever等还可引导名词性从句。

Whatever (＝No matter what) happens, we will not change our mind.
无论发生什么事，我们都不会改变想法。

It’s generally considered unwise to give a child whatever (≠ no matter what) he/she wants.
一个小孩想要什么就给他/她什么，一般被认为是不明智的。

4．whether引导的让步状语从句
Whether we can go (or not), you guarantee to finish your homework first.
不管我们能不能去，你都得首先保证完成家庭作业。

5．让步状语从句的倒装
though引导的让步状语从句可以倒装，也可以不倒装，但as引导的让步状语从句必须倒装。

要把从句中作表语的名词(提前后，不带冠词)或形容词、作状语的副词或作谓语的实义动词提前。

Funny as it seems, the story is true.
这个故事看似可笑，却是真的。

Child as he is, he can tell black from white.
尽管还是个孩子，他却能分辨黑白。

Try as he would/might, he couldn’t open the door.
他试过多次了，却仍打不开那扇门。

[名师点津]
若as/though引导的让步状语从句中位于句首的是单数可数名词，名词前一般不带冠词。

[即时演练3] 完成句子
①Although/Though_they_did_a_lot_of_work_that_day,_they were all in high spirits.
虽然那天他们做的工作很多，但是他们情绪都很高昂。

②He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son even_if_he_wants_to.
他很忙。

即使他想陪他的儿子也没有足够的时间。

③Whoever/No matter who you choose, I will support you.
无论你选择谁，我都会支持你。

④Child_as/though_he_is,_he can speak three languages.
尽管他是个孩子，但他会说三种语言。

(as/though)
Ⅰ.用适当的连词填空
1．(2017·北京高考改编)If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until/till you figure it out.
2．He tried his best to solve the problem, however difficult it was.
3．As/So_long_as we don’t lose heart, we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty.
4．Although/Though the operation is very successful, constant pains in the leg will last for a period of time.
5．I didn’t win first prize in the competition, even_if/though I had talent for tennis.
6．No one can leave the room unless he gets permission from the police.
7．If you are concerned about environmental pollution, you’d better use the public transport rather than drive a car.
8．How did you feel when you saw the terrible accident happening in front of you?
9．It will be at least two months before we meet again.
10．It is five years since he moved here.
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达) If_you’re_interest_in the Chinese folk art, please e­mail me.
如果你对中国民间艺术感兴趣，请给我发邮件。

2．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)You can write anything relevant so/as_long_as_it’
s_interesting and informative.
只要有趣味性和知识性，你可以写任何相关的东西。

3．However, I think that you will quickly adjust to them although_the_weather_and_the_food
are_different_from_yours.
可是，我认为你会很快适应它们的，尽管天气与食物都与你们那里不同。

4．It_will_be_four_days_before they come back.
他们要过四天才能回来。

5．Young_as/though_she_is,_she has travelled to many countries.
她尽管年轻，但已到过很多国家旅行。

(as/though)
Ⅲ.短文改错
About two years ago, I worked hard and entered a locally key school, which my parents were proud of it. From then up, I got up early and got to the school on time. After school, I went back home in time to help my parents do some housework while enjoy some light music. However, one day my mother persuading me to live at school to learn to be independent, preparing the future life. As I was unhappy, I understood my parents and follow their advice. Before living at school, I found it helped me save time and learn what to get on with others.
答案：第一句：locally→local; 去掉it
第二句：第一个up→on
第三句：enjoy→enjoying
第四句：persuading→persuaded; preparing后加for
第五句：As→Though/Although; follow→followed
第六句：Before→After; what→how。