高中现在分词的用法

高中英语现在分词的用法

1)–ing分词（短语）作主语：

1. 动词-ing形式作主语表示抽象的或泛指的动作, 谓语动词用单数。如：

1. Talking to him is talking to a wall.

对他说话等于对牛弹琴。

2. Smoking may cause cancer.

吸烟会致癌。

3. Walking is my only exercise.

散步是我唯一的运动。

4. Talking mends no holes.

（谚）空谈无济于事。

5. Saying is easier than doing.

说比做容易。

注意：

1.为了保持句子平衡，通常用作形式主语，而把真实主语放在句末。如：

It is no use crying over spilt milk.

作无益的后悔是没有用的。

It's a waste of time arguing about it.

辩论这事是浪费时间。

常见的作表语的名词或短语有：no use, no good, fun, hard work, a hard / difficult job, a wonder, a waste of time等。如：

It is worthwhile discussing with her.

It’s no good waiting here. Let’s go home.

It was a waste of time reading that book.

2. 动词-ing形式的否定形式是在其前面加not。如：

Y our schoolmate’s not coming home made her parents worried.

2）-ing分词（短语）作宾语：

1. I suggest ending the meeting.

我建议结束会议。

2. He admitted taking the money.

他承认钱是他拿的。

3. I couldn’t help laughing.

我禁不住笑了起来。

4. Y our coat needs brushing.

你的大衣需要刷一下。

注意：

1. 有些动词如admit, avoid, consider, escape, deny, risk, suggest等后要接动词-ing形式作宾语，而不能接动词不定式。如：

We’re considering visit ing the Museum.

2. 有些短语如can’t help, be used to, end up, feel like, lead to, be busy, be tired of, be fond of, be afraid of, be proud of, think of / about, put off, keep on, insist on, be good at, give up等后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。如：

I am used to living here.

I’m fond of collecting stamps and coins.

3. need, require, want作“需要”解时, 后接动词-ing形式作宾语, 主动形式表示被动意义, 相当于to be done。如：

The radio needs repairing / to be repaired.

3) -ing分词（短语）作表语：

His hobby is collecting stamps.

他的爱好是收集邮票。

The problem is quite puzzling.

这个问题很令人困惑。

4).-ing形式作定语：

1. 单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。如：

building materials

= materials for building 建筑材料

drinking water

= water for drinking 饮用水

a walking stick

= a stick for walking 手杖

a reading room

= a room for reading 阅览室

a writing desk

= a desk for writing 写字台

tiring music

= music that is tiring 烦人的音乐

a surprising result

= a result that is surprising 一个惊人的结果

2. -ing形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如：

They lived in a room facing the street.

= They lived in a room that faces the street.

他们住在一间面朝街的房子。

The man standing there is Peter’s father.

= The man who is standing there is Peter’s father.

站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。

Anybody swimming in this river will be fined.

= Anybody who is swimming in this river will be fined.

在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被罚款。

5）-ing形式作宾语补足语：

动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。如：

When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance.

当我们回到学校时, 发现一个陌生人站在大门口。

We found the snake eating the eggs.

我们发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。

I saw a bag lying on the ground.

我看到地板上放着一个包。

The boss kept the workers working the whole night.

那老板让工人整夜地工作。

6). 作状语