英美文学整理分章节

关于殖民地时期的知识点

Q1The important literary figures of colonial America and their representative works.

Captain John Smith (Virginia):

A soldier of fortune雇佣兵

A True Relation of Virginia (1608)

The General History of Virginia (1624)

William Bradford 威廉·布莱福特(the governor of Plymouth for 30 years): History of Plimoth Plantation 普里茅斯殖民地史(Describes the signing of

the “Mayflower Compact”, the first Thanksgiving, the Pilgrims' dealings with Indians, and other experiences of the first settlers)

Anne Bradstreet安‧布莱斯特里特: (1612-1672)(One of the most important figures in the history of American Literature. The first American poet) : The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America《最近在北美出现的第十位缪斯》(The first book written by a woman to be published in America.) Jonathan Edwards 乔纳森·爱德华兹( --- the last Puritan .president of the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University), the most brilliant theological(神学)

mind in North America.)

Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God (1741)(one of his sermons)

Personal Narrative 《自述》(1740)story of his youthful religious experiences Benjamin Franklin (1706~1790)

Autobiography (1793) 《自传》

Poor Richard's Almanack (from 1732)

Thomas Paine (1737-1809)

Common Sense ( 1776)常识

Q2 Declaration of Independence 独立宣言

Largely the work of Thomas Jefferson杰斐逊

“all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.”

----the very heart of democracy

关于浪漫主义时期的知识

Q1What is romanticism?

Romanticism

represented an attitude toward the realities of man, nature, and society, which had its sources in the stirring events both in Europe and in America, it was not an organized system. Romanticism was rebellious in spirit, standing in reaction, against the neoclassical spirit then prevailing in Ameri­can literary life. The romantic emphasized freedom and individualism, believing that imagination was superior to ra ­tionalism. They preferred the innate or intuitive perception by the heart of man.

Q2 The important literary figures of American romanticism and their works.

1.Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882)

a)Nature (1836) 《自然》

b)Self-Reliance (1841) 《论自助》

2.Henry David Thoreau 梭罗

a)his essay “Civil Disobedience”论公民的不服从(1849),

converted Emersonian self-reliance into a workable formula

for opposing the power of government.

3.Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-l864)

a)Moses from an Old Manse (1846)

b)The Snow-Image and Other Twice-Told Tales (1851)

C)The Scarlet Letter (1850)