lecture翻译技巧八顺序和逆序法
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技巧7-语态变换法翻译练习：
1. The dockers were seen unloading the chemical fertilizer from S.S. “Apollo”.
2. The Finnish Trade Mission was given a warm welcome by their counterparts.
我们天天在教室里认真学习。
2. His address is 518 Wenhua Road, Guzan Town, PA626001, Kangding. 他的地址是康定县姑咱镇文化路518号，邮编编码 626001。
3. They were badly defeated at Luding in November, 1945. 他们于1945年11月在泸定附近大败。
+post-) both his two sisters (pre- + central + post-)
我的三位朋友 她的许多本书
Fourth, general principal for placing several attributive modifiers before noun in Chinese:
predeterminer + central determiner + postdeterminer
all the four teachers (pre- + central + post-) all your three books (pre- + central + post-) all these last few days (pre-+central+post-
This beautiful young lady Many interesting American detective stories An old big country house Some excellent young film stars those two good big new brown brick houses
物主、国 别
中国的
限制性
时间、地 点
数量、指 代
一位
判断性 现代优秀的
描述性 ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้年
本质性
名词、单音 节词
女
中心词 作家
An excellent young modern Chinese woman writer
我们
学校的
几十位
有丰富教学经 验的
英语
教师
Scores of experienced English teachers in our school
英语修饰语顺序的掌握要点： 1.限定词 + 形容词 + 分词或动名词 + 名词 + 中心名词 + 短语或从句 2.限定 + 评价 + 描绘(新旧大小颜色) + 性质 + 中心名词 3.总体思想：依据关系的密切程度来确定其距离的远近。
Third, different determiners are put in certain order :
Let’s compare the different orders between Chinese and English.
I. Comparative Study between Chinese and English order 1. Basic orders in affirmative sentences 1). Birds fly and fish swim. 鱼儿游，鸟儿飞。 2). She couldn’t understand this English sentence.
2). I shall write him a letter. 我要给他写封信。
3). We selected him monitor of our class. 我们选他当班长。
4). We all call him Lao Wang. 我们都称呼他为老王。(我们都叫他老王。)
5). She is the most beautiful girl in our class. 她是我班最漂亮的女孩。
她无法明白这个英语句子。
2. Basic orders in interrogative sentences 1). Shall I write him a letter? 我要给他写信吗？ 2). Pour me a cup of tea, will you? 给我倒杯茶好吗？ 3). What are you doing here? 你在这里做什么呢？
Think about this question： Do different languages have the same basic order? （E.g. 我爱你。）
3. Different orders of objects and complements
1). Mr. Li has taught you English for years. 李老师教你们英语好多年了。 （给、教、借等）
4．You have been invited to this forum today
4．今天邀大家来开座谈会，目的是要和 to exchange ideas on……
大家交换意见， ……
5. We will not be able to dispatch your
5．只有你方把现有订货量增至我们所确 shipment until your order is large enough to
他
这几篇 专为大学生编 最新实用 语法
讲稿
写的
（的）
These several up-to-date and practical speech scripts on grammar for college students
我们
在其他地 许多
重要的
新
区的
水利
工程
Many of our important new water conservancy projects in other areas
Second，English has some general principals to place several attributive modifiers before a noun:
限定词＋数词＋评价性形容词＋新旧（年龄）形容词＋形状（尺寸、大小）形容词＋颜色形容词＋ 国籍（出处）形容词＋分词定语＋名词定语＋中心名词
3. Our reasonable price has already been accepted by Sears, which will lead to further business. 4．今天邀大家来开座谈会，目的是要和大家交换意 见， …… 5．只有你方把现有订货量增至我们所确定的最低数字， 我们才能供货。
exchange ideas on……
5. We will not be able to dispatch your shipment until your order is large enough to qualify our minimum requirement in size.
翻译技巧（八）——
5). She often teaches us English songs at school in the evening. 她晚上经常在学校里教我们唱英语歌。
• 6. Logical order:
• First, both languages have some similar orders because of common environments and situations, e.g:
• 我你他 • 新郎新娘 • 男女老少 • 大中小学 • 捉迷藏 • 又快又多 • 血肉相连 • 水火不容 • 无论晴雨 • 手疾眼快 • 饥寒交迫 • 救死扶伤
you he and I bride and bridegroom men and women, young and old elementary, secondary and tertiary school hide-and-seek thick and fast as close as flesh and blood as incompatible as fire and water rain or shine quick of eye and deft of hand suffer from cold and hunger heal the wounded, rescue the dying
warm welcome by their counterparts.
迎。
3. Our reasonable price has already been 3．我方合理的价格已由西尔斯公司接受，
accepted by Sears, which will lead to
这样可促成更多的贸易。
further business.
• Day and night • The sky and the earth • Up and down • Here and there • This and that • Boys and girls • Men and women • Father and mother
• Second, there are also some different sequences between English and Chinese, which have different backgrounds :
练习：
1. The dockers were seen unloading the chemical fertilizer from S.S. “Apollo”.
1．有人看见码头工人正从“阿波罗”号 轮船卸化肥。
2. The Finnish Trade Mission was given a 2．芬兰贸易代表团受到同行们的热烈欢
Sequencing and Inversion
(顺序和逆序法）
倒置法
Inversion (倒置法/词序调整法）
Conversion goes hand in hand with inversion, another important principal leading to expressing idiomatic language in transition. Inversion implies a necessary change of word order to conform the good usage in the target language. Besides differences in word order, sentence structures, logical and temporal sequences of thinking, saying and writing between the two languages may differ, which is especially true of long sentences.
• 4. Attributes • First，English has pre-noun and post-noun attributes
while Chinese has only pre-noun ones. E.g. • a fat old lady 一个胖老太 • a big round conference table 一张又大又圆的会议桌 • A handsome young man in our school • 我们学校的一位英俊的小伙子 • The old man who is standing there with our teacher • 和我们老师一起站在那边的老头
定的最低数字，我们才能供货。
qualify our minimum requirement in size.
技巧7-语态变换法翻译练习答案：
1．有人看见码头工人正从“阿波罗”号轮船卸化肥。 2．芬兰贸易代表团受到同行们的热烈欢迎。 3．我方合理的价格已由西尔斯公司接受，这样可促
成更多的贸易。 4．You have been invited to this forum today to
5. Adverbials of manner, place, and time In Chinese these adverbials are arranged just in the reverse order before the verbs as in English (verb + manner + place + time). 1. We study hard in the classroom every day.
1. The dockers were seen unloading the chemical fertilizer from S.S. “Apollo”.
2. The Finnish Trade Mission was given a warm welcome by their counterparts.
我们天天在教室里认真学习。
2. His address is 518 Wenhua Road, Guzan Town, PA626001, Kangding. 他的地址是康定县姑咱镇文化路518号，邮编编码 626001。
3. They were badly defeated at Luding in November, 1945. 他们于1945年11月在泸定附近大败。
+post-) both his two sisters (pre- + central + post-)
我的三位朋友 她的许多本书
Fourth, general principal for placing several attributive modifiers before noun in Chinese:
predeterminer + central determiner + postdeterminer
all the four teachers (pre- + central + post-) all your three books (pre- + central + post-) all these last few days (pre-+central+post-
This beautiful young lady Many interesting American detective stories An old big country house Some excellent young film stars those two good big new brown brick houses
物主、国 别
中国的
限制性
时间、地 点
数量、指 代
一位
判断性 现代优秀的
描述性 ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้年
本质性
名词、单音 节词
女
中心词 作家
An excellent young modern Chinese woman writer
我们
学校的
几十位
有丰富教学经 验的
英语
教师
Scores of experienced English teachers in our school
英语修饰语顺序的掌握要点： 1.限定词 + 形容词 + 分词或动名词 + 名词 + 中心名词 + 短语或从句 2.限定 + 评价 + 描绘(新旧大小颜色) + 性质 + 中心名词 3.总体思想：依据关系的密切程度来确定其距离的远近。
Third, different determiners are put in certain order :
Let’s compare the different orders between Chinese and English.
I. Comparative Study between Chinese and English order 1. Basic orders in affirmative sentences 1). Birds fly and fish swim. 鱼儿游，鸟儿飞。 2). She couldn’t understand this English sentence.
2). I shall write him a letter. 我要给他写封信。
3). We selected him monitor of our class. 我们选他当班长。
4). We all call him Lao Wang. 我们都称呼他为老王。(我们都叫他老王。)
5). She is the most beautiful girl in our class. 她是我班最漂亮的女孩。
她无法明白这个英语句子。
2. Basic orders in interrogative sentences 1). Shall I write him a letter? 我要给他写信吗？ 2). Pour me a cup of tea, will you? 给我倒杯茶好吗？ 3). What are you doing here? 你在这里做什么呢？
Think about this question： Do different languages have the same basic order? （E.g. 我爱你。）
3. Different orders of objects and complements
1). Mr. Li has taught you English for years. 李老师教你们英语好多年了。 （给、教、借等）
4．You have been invited to this forum today
4．今天邀大家来开座谈会，目的是要和 to exchange ideas on……
大家交换意见， ……
5. We will not be able to dispatch your
5．只有你方把现有订货量增至我们所确 shipment until your order is large enough to
他
这几篇 专为大学生编 最新实用 语法
讲稿
写的
（的）
These several up-to-date and practical speech scripts on grammar for college students
我们
在其他地 许多
重要的
新
区的
水利
工程
Many of our important new water conservancy projects in other areas
Second，English has some general principals to place several attributive modifiers before a noun:
限定词＋数词＋评价性形容词＋新旧（年龄）形容词＋形状（尺寸、大小）形容词＋颜色形容词＋ 国籍（出处）形容词＋分词定语＋名词定语＋中心名词
3. Our reasonable price has already been accepted by Sears, which will lead to further business. 4．今天邀大家来开座谈会，目的是要和大家交换意 见， …… 5．只有你方把现有订货量增至我们所确定的最低数字， 我们才能供货。
exchange ideas on……
5. We will not be able to dispatch your shipment until your order is large enough to qualify our minimum requirement in size.
翻译技巧（八）——
5). She often teaches us English songs at school in the evening. 她晚上经常在学校里教我们唱英语歌。
• 6. Logical order:
• First, both languages have some similar orders because of common environments and situations, e.g:
• 我你他 • 新郎新娘 • 男女老少 • 大中小学 • 捉迷藏 • 又快又多 • 血肉相连 • 水火不容 • 无论晴雨 • 手疾眼快 • 饥寒交迫 • 救死扶伤
you he and I bride and bridegroom men and women, young and old elementary, secondary and tertiary school hide-and-seek thick and fast as close as flesh and blood as incompatible as fire and water rain or shine quick of eye and deft of hand suffer from cold and hunger heal the wounded, rescue the dying
warm welcome by their counterparts.
迎。
3. Our reasonable price has already been 3．我方合理的价格已由西尔斯公司接受，
accepted by Sears, which will lead to
这样可促成更多的贸易。
further business.
• Day and night • The sky and the earth • Up and down • Here and there • This and that • Boys and girls • Men and women • Father and mother
• Second, there are also some different sequences between English and Chinese, which have different backgrounds :
练习：
1. The dockers were seen unloading the chemical fertilizer from S.S. “Apollo”.
1．有人看见码头工人正从“阿波罗”号 轮船卸化肥。
2. The Finnish Trade Mission was given a 2．芬兰贸易代表团受到同行们的热烈欢
Sequencing and Inversion
(顺序和逆序法）
倒置法
Inversion (倒置法/词序调整法）
Conversion goes hand in hand with inversion, another important principal leading to expressing idiomatic language in transition. Inversion implies a necessary change of word order to conform the good usage in the target language. Besides differences in word order, sentence structures, logical and temporal sequences of thinking, saying and writing between the two languages may differ, which is especially true of long sentences.
• 4. Attributes • First，English has pre-noun and post-noun attributes
while Chinese has only pre-noun ones. E.g. • a fat old lady 一个胖老太 • a big round conference table 一张又大又圆的会议桌 • A handsome young man in our school • 我们学校的一位英俊的小伙子 • The old man who is standing there with our teacher • 和我们老师一起站在那边的老头
定的最低数字，我们才能供货。
qualify our minimum requirement in size.
技巧7-语态变换法翻译练习答案：
1．有人看见码头工人正从“阿波罗”号轮船卸化肥。 2．芬兰贸易代表团受到同行们的热烈欢迎。 3．我方合理的价格已由西尔斯公司接受，这样可促
成更多的贸易。 4．You have been invited to this forum today to
5. Adverbials of manner, place, and time In Chinese these adverbials are arranged just in the reverse order before the verbs as in English (verb + manner + place + time). 1. We study hard in the classroom every day.