高一下学期期末考试英语试卷(共5套,含答案)

第二学期期末考试
高一级英语科试卷
第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；毎小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答題卡上将该选项涂黑。

A
Product Description
Life Without Limits helps you clarify what you want in every area of your life. By using Bassett’s powerful techniques you will change; therefore your life will change. You control your life. And only you can take steps to change it. Life Without Limits helps you take back your power.
Life Without Limits helps you to achieve satisfaction and fulfillment personally, professionally, and financially. Once you have defined what success means to you, you will clarify your dreams and start pursuing them. Product Details Published in: 2001-12
l Released on: 2001-12-24
l Original language: English
l Dimensions: 5.3 x 0.7 x 8 inches
l Binding: Paperback
l 304 pages
About the Author
Lucinda Bassett is the founder and CEO of one of the most successful self-help companies in the country, the Midwest Center for Stress and Anxiety, Inc. Author of the national bestseller From Panic to Power, Lucinda Bassett produces and hosts the award-winning infomercial, Attacking Anxiety. She has shared her techniques with such clients as McDonalds, Chrysler, and AT&T. She has appeared on numerous talk shows, including Oprah and The View, and been featured in Family Circle, Reader’s Digest, and many more.
Customer Reviews
This book has helped me to gain hope and courage to cope with all my fears and worries. Lucinda writes with such a great understanding and sympathy. She herself had problems with panic and worry. Her positive thinking
tips are easy to follow. I don’t get lost in a lot of mental problems. It’s as if she were holding your hand, sitting right beside you and cheering you on! I believe I can do anything I set my mind to after reading this book. However, there are some other readers holding the contrary views.
1. What is Life Without Limits about?
A. It shows readers what Lucinda Bassett is.
B. It encourages readers to realize their dreams.
C. It describes how hard the actual life is.
D. It implies it is hard to control your life.
2. Lucinda Bassett works as all the following except _______.
A. hostess
B. teacher
C. writer
D. businesswoman
3. We can conclude from the last paragraph that _______.
A. Lucinda has made a lot of money from the book
B. all the customers have some mental problems
C. Lucinda talks with the customer face to face
D. all the customers don’t agree with what Lucinda wrote
B
When I got the driving license last summer, Mom and I took our first trip around an empty parking lot. Then I found that my mother was not the best teacher for me. It wasn't that she shouted, or told me that I was doing poorly. As you can imagine, my mother's "helpful instructions" only managed to make me more nervous.
Since I could no longer practice with her, the job was placed in the hands of my father. The idea of learning from Dad was not one that thrilled me. I loved him dearly, but I just did not see Dad as someone I could be comfortable learning from. He almost never talked. We shared a typical father-daughter relationship. He'd ask how school was, and I'd say it was fine. Unfortunately, that was the most of our conversations. Spending hours alone with someone who might as well have been a stranger really scared me.
As we got into the car that first time, I was not surprised at what happened. Dad and I drove around, saying almost nothing, aside from a few instructions on how to turn. As my lessons went on, however, things began to change. Dad would turn the radio up so I could fully appreciate his favorite Stones music. And he actually began talking. I was soon hearing about past failed dates, "basic body" gym class, and other tales from his past, including some of his first meeting with Mom.
Dad’s sudden chattiness was shocking until I thought about why he was telling me so much in the car. In all the years that I had wondered why my father never spoke that much, I had never stopped to consider that it was because I had never bothered to listen. Homework, friends, and even TV had all called me away from him, and, consequently, I never thought my quiet father had anything to say.
Since I began driving with him, my driving skill has greatly increased. More important, though, is that my knowledge of who my father is has also increased. Just living with him wasn't enough— it took driving with him for me to get to know someone who was a mystery.
4. The author couldn't practice driving with her mother because .
A. she couldn't talk with her mother
B. her mother made her nervous
C. her father wanted to teach her
D. she didn't trust her mother
5. At first, the idea of learning driving from her father made her .
A. happy
B. disappointed
C. satisfied
D. uneasy
6. What surprised the author when the driving lessons went on?
A. Her Dad was a chatty person.
B. Her Dad was the best teacher.
C. Her Dad liked modern music.
D. Her Dad told her his sad stories.
7. With her story "Car Talk", the author indicates that .
A. fathers love their daughters dearly
B. family members need real communication
C. mothers are less patient than fathers
D. it takes time to improve the father-daughter relationship
C
For career changers thinking about growth and advancement potential, forget the blue-collar and white-collar categories: Green is the way to go. According to Bracken Hendricks, a senior fellow at the Center for Global Progress, careers that promote environmental responsibility will become main stream within a decade. “The growth in green careers will be like the Internet boom, which not only created new jobs, but also had an influence on the overall economy,” he says.
The increasing environmental problems and need for eco-friendly products and services are creating a new job section of green-collar jobs. Many countries of the world have realized the importance and need for energy-saving products and services. It is expected that by 2025 about 25% of the jobs in developed countries will be of
green-collar jobs. Doesn’t the data look promising for the future?
Green-collar jobs have become a bright career chances for all. And jobs will pop up at every income level, from environmental manager to gardener. For example, many countries including the United States have understood that fossil fuels have negative effect on the environment which can later become a serious danger to mankind. As a result, possibilities are being explored to find alternatives to satisfy demands in a better way. The increasing demand of newer resources has creating the need for experts and researchers who can find better ways to deal with the ongoing needs. In addition, in order to meet the increasing demands of environment-friendly equipment, both green product designer and educated and trained workers are needed. Management of environmental organizations also demands a large number of environmental managers.
Where can you find green-collar jobs? Internet is undoubtedly the best way to find information on almost any matter. Nowadays, different kinds of jobs are being posted online. Search through a couple of job websites to look for a bright future in energy conversion and recycling of waste management. Check regularly and find the right work for yourself. People who read newspapers can also find different kinds of green-collar jobs.
8. Why does Bracken Hendricks mention the Internet Boom in Paragraph One?
A. To explain the importance of technology.
B. To provide evidence of his recent research.
C. To inform us of the way of finding green-collar jobs.
D. To indicate the bright future of green careers.
9. Which of the following probably creates green-collar jobs?
A. Promoting services.
B. Developing new resources.
C. Consuming fossil fuels.
D. Training employees.
10. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3?
A. The requirements for green employees.
B. The development of the green industry.
C. The job chances in the environmental industry.
D. The economic influence of green careers.
11. The passage is written to _______.
A. discuss eco-friendly services
B. suggest ways of saving energy at work
C. introduce promising career chances
D. explain the best method of finding jobs
D
Boys’ school s are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and involve them in activities such as art, dance and music．
Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity(男子气概)，the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to be consistent to a stereotype(传统观念)，a US study says．
Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their abilities to express their emotions，rather than feeling they had to obey the“boy code”of hiding their emotions to be a “real man”．
The findings of the study are against the received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls．Tony Little，headmaster of Eton，warned that boys were being ignored by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls．He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls．
The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when their female peers do better earlier in speaking and reading skills．
But in single-sex schools teachers can adjust lessons to boys’ learning style，letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom，wrote the author of the study, A bigail James of the University of Virginia．
Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with “boy-focused” approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them．Because boys generally have sharper vision，learn best through touch, and are physically more active，they need to be given “hands-on”lessons where they are allowed to walk around．“Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine(女性的)and prefer the modern type in which violence and sexism are major themes.” James wrote．
Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to give in to a stereotype that men should be “masterful and in charge” in relationships．“In mixed scho ols boys feel pressed to act like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means.” the study reported.
12．The author believes that a single-sex school would ．
A.force boys to hide their emotions to be “real men”
B.help to form masculine aggressiveness in boys
C.encourage boys to express their emotions more freely
D.naturally place emphasis on the traditional image of a man to boys
13．It is commonly believed that in a mixed school boys ．
A.perform better
B.grow up more healthily
C.behave more responsibly
D.receive a better education
14．What does Tony Little say about the British education system?
A.It fails more boys than girls academically．
B.It focuses more on mixed school education．
C.It fails to give boys the attention they need．
D.It places more pressure on boys than on girls．
15．According to Abigail James，one of the advantages of single-sex schools is ．
A. teaching can be designed to promote boys’ team spirit
B.boys can focus on their lessons without being absent-minded
C.boys can choose to learn whatever they are interested in
D. teaching can be adapted to suit the characteristics of boys
第二节（共5小题；毎小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

How successful leaders spent their teenage years
worth, I’ll give you some traits that I think are common among most of these people.
Reading
Read a wide variety of books and articles that stretch your imagination. Don’t just read easy books (like
Because most of the people mentioned grew up in a different era, they spent a big portion of their time just reading the encyclopedia. Many of them would eventually read every encyclopedia volume letter. These people had a strong need to learn new things.
Play-acting
At an early age, most of these people spent more time play-acting than others. Very few of these people spent their time playing organized sports---they instead were in their bedroom, backyard, or nearby park
Experimenting
It is amazing how many successful people lit things on fire, blew things up, caught and studied bugs, built
Creating vs. Consuming
Most of these successful people spent a large percentage of their time creating. They were building things, starting things, etc. This is really important.
A. Read things that challenge your thought.
B.Today it is harder to spend time creating.
C.They were letting their imagination run wild.
D.They were building, creating, viewing, and observing.
E.But they are passive ---- these are consuming functions.
F.Most of these people had parents that asked them to read less.
G. I am nowhere near as successful as most of the people on this list.
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节,满分45分）
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从第21—40 各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。

I remember my first day here very clearly. My friend was waiting for me when my plane __21__ at Kennedy Airport at 3 o'clock in the afternoon. The weather was very __22__ and it was snowing. But I was too excited to __23__．From the airport my friend and I took a taxi to my __24__．On the way I saw the skyline of Manhattan for the first time，and I _25__in astonishment at the famous skyscrapers and neon lights (霓虹灯光) made them _26_．My friend helped __27__ at the hotel and then left me because he had to go back to work. He __28__ to return the next day.
__29_ my friend had left ,I went to a __30__ near the hotel to get something to eat. Because I couldn't speak a
word of English，I couldn't tell the _31_ what I wanted. I was very upset and started to make some __32__．But the waiter didn't understand me. Finally I ordered the __33__ thing the man at the next table was eating. After dinner I started to __34__ along Broadway __35__ I came to Time Square，with its movie theatres，neon lights，and huge crowds of people. I did not feel __36__ so I continued to walk around the city. I wanted to see __37__ on my first day. I knew it was impossible but I wanted to try.
When I __38__ to the hotel，I was exhausted. But I couldn't sleep. I lay __39__ and thought about New York. It was a very big and interesting city with many tall buildings and big cars, and full of noise and busy people. I also _40_ right then that I had to learn to speak English.
21.A. took B. landed C. dropped D. reached
22.A. hot B. warm C. cold D. cool
23.A. look B. listen C. enjoy D. mind
24.A. home B. hotel C. office D. school
25.A. stared B. watched C. saw D. noticed
26.A. high B. beautiful C. strong D. ugly
27.A. load B. download C. unpack D. pack
28.A. promised B. permitted C. advised D. admitted
29.A. Long before B. Shortly after C. By the time D. Before long
30.A. restaurant B. store C. supermarket D. theater
31.A. boss B. cook C. waiter D. manager
32.A. noises B. suggestions C. sounds D. gestures
33.A. familiar B. different C. same D. right
34.A. walk B. drive C. ride D. run
35.A. before B. until C. when D. as
36.A. excited B. amazed C. tired D. moved
37.A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything
38.A. returned B. turned C. walked D. marched
39.A. asleep B. awake C. afraid D. amused
40.A. expected B. hoped C. decided D. wondered
第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。

A high school history teacher once told us, “If you make one close friend in school，you will be most lucky. ____41___ true friend is someone ___42_____ stays with you for life.” Experience shows that he was right. Good friends are just not ____43__(easy) found.
To most of us, friendships are thought very important, but we need to have the kinds of friendships we want. Are they to be close or kept at arm’s length? Do we want to share ourselves or do we want to walk on the surface? For some people, many friendships on the surface are quite enough and that’s all right. But at some point we need to make sure that ____44_ expectations are the same as our friend’s. The sharing of ____45__ (person) experience is the surest way ____46____ (make) friendships promoted. But it must ___47__(understand) slowly and carried on only if there are signs of interest and action in return.
What are some of the difficulties to friendship? The greatest is the attraction to expect too much too soon. Deep relationships take time. _48____ ma in difficulty is the selfishness to think one “owns” the other, including his time and attention. Similarly, friendships need actions in return. In other words, you must give as much as you take. Finally there is a question of taking care of friendships. _49 _you spend reasonable time together, talking __50_ the phone, writing letters, doing things together, friendships will die away.
第三部分课本知识运用：根据所给的单词或汉语提示写出所缺的单词和短语的恰当形式。

（每空1分，共30分）
51.Memories came _______ _______（涌上心头）on her.
52.The family ______ _______ (come) to visit us soon for Christmas and we’ll meet them at the airport.
53.Only in this way ______ we （才能过上幸福生活）_______ _______ _______ _______.
54.Will science finally _______ us _______ （使……摆脱）this disease?
55.It’s no use _______(cry) over spilt milk.
56.All roads _______ _______(通往) Rome.
57.I went to his house and found he was _______ _______ (贫困) than before.
58.The village _______ _______ _______（隔绝）by the flood.
59.She has _______ _______（主演）about twenty films.
60.They were brave in _______ (defend).
61.She felt completely _______ _______ （无拘无束）with John.
62.It _______ _______ _______ （可能）that he should accept such an offer.
63.The two buildings _______ _______ _______ （根据……模仿）the same pattern.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（/\)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\ )划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线（一），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

I was selected to go on a study tour to Britain. On morning of March 27, we arrived at the airport where we were warm welcomed by our home-stay families. Soon we went to Westminster college to attend in a presentation about the school. A professor gave them a vivid but interesting introduction and we learned a lot about the college. In the followed days we visited some famous scenic spot such as Big Ben and London Eye. We took photos there. On the last day we had a farewell party when students from China and Britain put on fantastic performances including songs and dances.
From the study tour, not only had we improved our speaking skills but also we’ve got a far good understanding of the British culture.
第二节书面表达 (满分25分)
我们常说, 无奋斗不青春。

最近, 某网站就“你奋斗的动力是什么?”在青年网民(netizen)中进行了一项调查, 调查结果如下:
请根据表格内容写一篇英语短文，内容包括：
1.调查的时间、对象和主题；
2.调查的具体结果；
3.谈谈你的看法。

注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Recently, a survey has been conducted among netizens about what motivates them to work hard.
第二学期期末考试高一英语答案
第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
1-3 BBD 4-7 BDAB 8-11 DBCC 12-15 CACD 16-20 GACDE
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节,满分45分）
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
21-25 BCDBA 26-30 BCABA 31-35 CDCAB 36-40 CDABC
第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
41. A 42. who 43. easily 44. our 45. personal
46. to make 47. be understood 48. Another 49. Unless 50. on
第三部分课本知识运用（每空1分，共30分）
51.crowding in 52.are coming/will come 53.can lead/live a happy life 54.rid
of 55.crying 56.lead to 57.worse off 58.was cut off 59.starred in
60.defence 61.at ease 62.is likely/probable/possible that 63.are modelled after
第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
1.在morning前加the
2. warm→warmly
3. 去掉in
4. them→us
5.but→and
6.followed→following
7.spot→spots
8. when→where
9.had→ have 10.good→ better
第二节书面表达 (满分25分)
Recently, a survey has been conducted among young netizens about what motivates the youth to
work hard. The results are as follows.
79.3% of the surveyed netizens say that their main motivation is to help their parents to live a
better life while 67.7% claim that they work hard in order to change their own fate. 66.8% respond that they want to improve their own life. Besides, 64.2% make great efforts so as to make their children live better.
Different persons have different motivation to make progress, but there is something in common that they want themselves or their relatives to live in better conditions. As far as I can see, it is the motivation to live a better life that inspires the youth to work hard.
高一年级第二学期期末测试英语试题
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

A
The Cambridge Satchel Company
The Cambridge Satchel Company was founded in 2008.We offer a wide range of bags and small leather accessories,from classic satchels (leather bags that are usually carried over the shoulders),clutches (small bags that women carry in their hand) to passport covers,key rings and all lovingly handmade in the UK.
17 Rose Crescent 101223 366 106
Primavera Gallery ＆Artist Working Studio
Primavera is located opposite King's College in the heart of Cambridge.The Gallery and shop,situated over three floors,bring together a carefully-selected and well-researched exploration into some of the finest artwork in Britain today.Primavera has a unique selection of jewelry,glassware,silverware,paintings,prints and cards.Our sister gallery at Magdalene Street presents two artists in residence（常驻艺术家）three days a week.
10 & 11 King's Parade 101223 357 708
Anthony
We are an independent menswear store.Our collection is varied,from the catwalk to more traditionally tailored clothing.Made-to-order and made-to-measure services are available if required.Please visit our website for more information.
18 Trinity Street 101223 353 962
Podarok of Cambridge
Podarok of Cambridge hosts a wide range of unique and handmade gifts,from designer jewelry,satchels and household necessities,with National delivery and on-line sales.Our staff will always help you find the perfect present!
12 Bene't St 101223 314 411
1.Where can you buy a cover for your passport?
A.10＆11 King's Parade
B.17 Rose Crescent
C.12 Bene't St
D.18 Trinity Street
2.Which store sells only men's clothes?
A.The Cambridge Satchel Company
B.Primavera Gallery & Artist Working Studio
C.Anthony
D.Podarok of Cambridge
3.If you are interested in the artwork in the UK,you may call .
A.101223 366 106
B.101223 357 708
C.101223 353 962
D.101223 353 962
B
In my life,I've been told that teamwork is golden.There is no "i" in "team".And for many years it is true.Living alone gets a bad rap in our society.But I've found that living alone can be a positive experience.
I'm not the first person to notice the appeal of being our own roommate—31 million people are living alone in the U.S.,making up 28 percent of the total population,according to a survey.In NYC,the number jumps to 1 in paring that number with the 9 percent of people who lived alone in 1950,we know we have a trend on our hands.
In my opinion.many people are afraid of being totally alone.But I've learned to really enjoy my own company. When I first started living alone,I found that I could go anywhere without using my voice.Sometimes,I would stop at a grocery store and buy something I didn't need just to test that I could say "thank you" to the cashier.But then I discovered something far easier—I started talking to myself.
Living alone isn't the same thing as living lonely.When I'm feeling a need for communication,I reach out for it. Or I can pick up the phone to call my family or those roommates.When the time is right,I hope to live with a partner and even raise children.In the meantime,it's just me and me.
4.Which of the following opinion will the author probably agree with?
A.Teamwork is everything.
B.Living alone can be positive.
C.Living alone means loneliness.
D.Teamwork deserves criticism.
5.In paragraph 2,the author proves his point mainly .
A.by making comparison
B.by presenting examples
C.by providing statistics
D.by quoting（引用）famous sayings
6.The author sometimes bought what he didn't need .
A.to test his speaking ability
B.to improve his communicative skills
C.to get rid of the annoying cashier
D.to enjoy others' company when necessary
7.What does the author mean by the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?
A.He doesn't feel lonely though living alone.
B.He still thinks it better to live with his family.
C.He can tell the difference between "alone" and "lonely".
D.He sometimes communicates with his family and friends.
C
Nothing could stop Dad.After he was put on disability for a bad back,he bought a small farm in the country,just enough to grow food for the family.He planted vegetables,fruit trees and even kept bees for honey.
And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgin's chicken house in exchange for manure（肥料）.The Smell really burned the inside of your nose.When we complained about the terrible smell,Dad said the stronger the manure, the healthier the crops,and he was right.For example,just one of his cantaloupes（甜瓜）filled the entire house with its sweet smell,and the taste was even sweeter.
As the vegetables started coming in,Dad threw himself into cooking.One day,armed with a basket of vegetables, he announced he was going to make stew（炖菜）.Dad pulled out a pressure cooker and filled it up with cabbages, eggplants,potatoes,corns,onions and carrots.For about half an hour,the pressure built and the vegetables cooked. Finally,Dad turned off the stove,the pot began to cool and the pressure relief valve sprayed out a cloud of steam.If we thought Dad's pile of chicken manure was bad,this was 10 times worse.When Dad took off the lid,the smell nearly knocked us out.
Dad carried the pot out and we opened doors and windows to air out the house.Just how bad was it?The neighbors came out of their houses to see if we had a gas leak!
Determined,Dad filled our plates with steaming stew and passed them around.It didn't look that bad,and
every last drop of soup.
8.What does "Nothing could stop Dad" probably indicate?
A.Dad was stubborn and hot-tempered.
B.Dad was difficult to get along with.
C.Dad was hardworking and determined.
D.Dad was unwilling to give up anything.
9.Why did the neighbors come out of their houses?
A.To see how delicious the stew was.
B.To have a taste of the stew.
C.To have a look at something interesting.
D.To see whether there was something wrong.
10.What does the underlined word "offend" in the last paragraph mean?
A.To attract
B.To upset
C.To air
D.To shut
11.What can we infer about Dad's stew?
A.It smelt bad first but was actually quite yummy.
B.It was unbearably unpleasant to both eyes and nose.
C.It should have won a prize in a cooking competition.
D.It entered a cooking competition,but failed to win a prize.
D
Patients and doctors alike have long believed in the healing（治疗）power of humor.It is claimed that humor not only affects patients' moods,but can actually help them recover faster.
cells（免疫细胞）.Some have even claimed to have healed themselves of serious illnesses by reading comics and watching comedies.
Despite all this,many researchers are not convinced.They point out the fact that many sufferings have been known to disappear naturally,with or without a daily dose of laughter.They also say that while optimism in general does seem to be related to better health,it is hard to tell which comes first.
Humor in times of stress,however,clearly makes us feel better.On one level,it takes our minds off our troubles and relaxes us.On another,it releases powerful endorphins,a chemical produced by your body that reduces pain.
There are cases where the appreciation of a good joke is indeed directly related to a person's health.It can show, for example,whether a person has suffered damage to one particular area of the brain: the right frontal lobe （额叶）.
Scientists confirmed this by having people read jokes and asking them to choose the funniest endings from a list. Subjects with normal brains usually chose endings that were based on a relatively complex synthesis（综合）of ideas. Subjects with specifically located brain damage,however,responded only to slapstick（闹剧）endings,which did not depend on a particular context.When pressed,the brain-damaged subjects saw the logic in the correct endings.They simply did not find them funny.
Of course,humor is largely an individual matter.Next time your friend does not get one of your jokes,there is no need to accuse him of being a lame-brain（脑残）.However,you might suggest that he lighten up-for the health of it.
12.What does the underlined "this" in the second paragraph refer to?
A.The fact that happy patients' have more immune cells.
B.The fact that patients and doctors believe in humorous patients.。