建筑专业英语宣讲专题培训课件
合集下载
《建筑英语》课件unit 2Construction Engineering
English for Architecture
Unit 2 Construction Engineering
Read to Know
Construction Engineering 建筑施工
All civil engineering projects have four distinct phases: planning, designing, construction and operation. The construction phase turns the project design into reality and the civil engineering contractor is responsible for the construction work. His overall objective is to complete the construction work efficiently within an estimated time to maximize his profits on the contract.
现场准备 包括移走和清理拟建场地地表上所有的建筑和生长物。对于小型建筑和树木采用推土机即
可，大型建筑必须拆除。
Unit 2 Construction Engineering
Earthmoving This includes excavation and the placement of earth fill. Excavation follows preparation of the site, and is performed when the existing grade must be brought down to a new elevation. Excavation generally starts with the separate stripping of the organic topsoil, which is later reused for landscaping around the new structure. Excavation may be done by any several excavaters, such as shovels, draglines, clamshells, cranes, scrapers .
建筑学专业英语课件
1.Vocabulary
7） structure n.结构，构造；建筑物，构筑物
～ in space： 空间结构（桁架，网架等） ～ plan： 结构设计，结构方案 ～ types： 结构类型
structural a.结构的，构造的；建筑上的
～ behavior： 构造性能，结构特征 ～ carpentry： 大木作，木结构 ～ drawings： 结构图 ～ wall： 承重墙
Unit 1: Architecture
1.Vocabulary
21） doorway n. 门口，门前通道 door window n. 落地窗 door class n. 门（防火）等级
22） site n. 地点，位置，基址；工地，现场
～ analysis ： 场地分析 ～ plan ： 场地平面图，总布置图 ～ planning ： 场地规划，总平面设计 ～ selection ： 选址 ～ of construction ： 施工现场，建筑工地
14） property n. 财富，资产，所有权，地产； 性质，性能
～ line ： 地界线，建筑红线
Unit 1: Architecture
1.Vocabulary
15） grid n. 格子，隔栅
gridiron n. 格状结构；铁篦子
16） cantilever n. 悬臂，悬臂梁
～ bridge ： 悬臂桥
Unit 1: Architecture
1.Vocabulary
architectural a. 建筑的；建筑学的
～ acoustics： 建筑声学 ～ appearence： 建筑外观 ～ area： 建筑面积 ～ complex： 建筑群，建筑总体 ～ design ：建筑设计 ～ lighting ：建筑采光，建筑照明 ～ specifications ：建筑规范 ～ style ：建筑风格，建筑式样 ～ working drawing ：建筑施工图
7） structure n.结构，构造；建筑物，构筑物
～ in space： 空间结构（桁架，网架等） ～ plan： 结构设计，结构方案 ～ types： 结构类型
structural a.结构的，构造的；建筑上的
～ behavior： 构造性能，结构特征 ～ carpentry： 大木作，木结构 ～ drawings： 结构图 ～ wall： 承重墙
Unit 1: Architecture
1.Vocabulary
21） doorway n. 门口，门前通道 door window n. 落地窗 door class n. 门（防火）等级
22） site n. 地点，位置，基址；工地，现场
～ analysis ： 场地分析 ～ plan ： 场地平面图，总布置图 ～ planning ： 场地规划，总平面设计 ～ selection ： 选址 ～ of construction ： 施工现场，建筑工地
14） property n. 财富，资产，所有权，地产； 性质，性能
～ line ： 地界线，建筑红线
Unit 1: Architecture
1.Vocabulary
15） grid n. 格子，隔栅
gridiron n. 格状结构；铁篦子
16） cantilever n. 悬臂，悬臂梁
～ bridge ： 悬臂桥
Unit 1: Architecture
1.Vocabulary
architectural a. 建筑的；建筑学的
～ acoustics： 建筑声学 ～ appearence： 建筑外观 ～ area： 建筑面积 ～ complex： 建筑群，建筑总体 ～ design ：建筑设计 ～ lighting ：建筑采光，建筑照明 ～ specifications ：建筑规范 ～ style ：建筑风格，建筑式样 ～ working drawing ：建筑施工图
最新中国建筑文化英文专业知识讲座
• In the Han Dynasty, Chinese wood construction technology has become more perfect.
文档来源于网络，文档所提供的信息仅供参考之用，不能作为科学依据，请勿模
• From th仿e。Ta文ng档D如y有na不st当y (之61处8–，90请7联) o系nw本a人rd或s, 网br站ic删k a除nd。stone
Ge
文档来源于网络，文档所提供的信息仅供参考之用，不能作为科学依据，请勿模 仿。文档如有不当之处，请联系本人或网站删除。
文档来源于网络，文档所提供的信息仅供参考之用，不能作为科学依据，请勿模 仿。文档如有信息仅供参考之用，不能作为科学依据，请勿模 仿。文档如有不当之处，请联系本人或网站删除。
文档来源于网络，文档所提供的信息仅供参考之用，不能作为科学依据，请勿模 仿。文档如有不当之处，请联系本人或网站删除。
Only in Chinese ancient buildings is the wood to do the main frame houses, belong to timberwork system（木结构系统）, this is known as "wood
Chinese and the west with different history and culture also have different architectural concept(建筑 理念). Meanwhile, the Chinese people and westerners also have many differences on aesthetic standards, character and temperament. All these impact the local arts of architectural design.
文档来源于网络，文档所提供的信息仅供参考之用，不能作为科学依据，请勿模
• From th仿e。Ta文ng档D如y有na不st当y (之61处8–，90请7联) o系nw本a人rd或s, 网br站ic删k a除nd。stone
Ge
文档来源于网络，文档所提供的信息仅供参考之用，不能作为科学依据，请勿模 仿。文档如有不当之处，请联系本人或网站删除。
文档来源于网络，文档所提供的信息仅供参考之用，不能作为科学依据，请勿模 仿。文档如有信息仅供参考之用，不能作为科学依据，请勿模 仿。文档如有不当之处，请联系本人或网站删除。
文档来源于网络，文档所提供的信息仅供参考之用，不能作为科学依据，请勿模 仿。文档如有不当之处，请联系本人或网站删除。
Only in Chinese ancient buildings is the wood to do the main frame houses, belong to timberwork system（木结构系统）, this is known as "wood
Chinese and the west with different history and culture also have different architectural concept(建筑 理念). Meanwhile, the Chinese people and westerners also have many differences on aesthetic standards, character and temperament. All these impact the local arts of architectural design.
城市规划与建筑学专业英语专题知识市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件
10/10/
专业英语课件
4
第4页
• （1）英文原文：（什么是都市形态）
• What is Urban Form?
• Before discussion on the definition of urban form, it is necessary as a starting point to think about “how is a city formed”. Undoubtedly, people are makers of the city, and their basic intention for building a city is to meet various human needs, for example, settlement, working, transport and recreation. In order to satisfy these needs, a city is built and formed when people construct flats for settlement, shops and factories for working, roads and bridges for transportation, and open spaces for recreation.
10/10/
专业英语课件
5
第5页
• At the same time, except for individual buildings, various spaces are created between two or a group of buildings, skylines are formed by edges of buildings and mountains, townscapes are developed by the appearance of buildings and spaces / All these are called the urban built environment, which is an external environment but not a natural environment. Urban form is a term[a1] to depict[a2] the urban built environment.
建筑系专业英语PPT2
Tiny balcony
Open stair
225 FRAMES AS
THICKENED EDGES 门窗边缘加厚
• Any homogeneous membrane which has holes in it will tend to rupture at the holes, unless the edges of the holes are reinforced by thickening. • The most familiar example of this principle at work is in the human face itself. Both eyes and mouth are surrounded by extra bone and flesh. It is this thickening, around the eyes and mouth, which gives them their character and helps to make them such important parts of human physiognomy..
It is fairly reasonable to believe that the floor/window ratio,
though different in , may be more or less constant within any given region.
different times
• More general examples of frames as thickened edges exist all over the world. They include the thickening of the mud around the windows of a mud hut, the use of stone edges to the opening in a brick wall because the stone is stronger, the extra stone around the windows in a gothic church.
建筑专业英语课件Unit_7
costs. Any measures designer can take to standardize the design and forming（加工）will generally pay off（使人 得益）in reduced overall costs.
经济性 最重要的考虑常常是该结构的总
Mechanics of Reinforced Concrete 钢筋混凝土的力学
Concrete is strong in compression but weak in tension. As a result, cracks develop（形成）whenever （每当）loads, or restrained shrinkage（收缩限制）or temperature changes, give rise to（导致）tensile stresses in excess of（超过）the tensile strength of the concrete. In the plain concrete（素混凝土）beam, the moments due to applied loads are resisted by an internal tensioncompression couple（拉压力偶）involving tension in the concrete. Such a beam fails very suddenly and completely when the first crack forms. In a reinforced concrete beam, steel bars（钢筋）are embedded in the concrete in such a way that the tension forces needed for moment equilibrium after the concrete cracks can be developed in the bars.
经济性 最重要的考虑常常是该结构的总
Mechanics of Reinforced Concrete 钢筋混凝土的力学
Concrete is strong in compression but weak in tension. As a result, cracks develop（形成）whenever （每当）loads, or restrained shrinkage（收缩限制）or temperature changes, give rise to（导致）tensile stresses in excess of（超过）the tensile strength of the concrete. In the plain concrete（素混凝土）beam, the moments due to applied loads are resisted by an internal tensioncompression couple（拉压力偶）involving tension in the concrete. Such a beam fails very suddenly and completely when the first crack forms. In a reinforced concrete beam, steel bars（钢筋）are embedded in the concrete in such a way that the tension forces needed for moment equilibrium after the concrete cracks can be developed in the bars.
《英语建筑介绍》课件
The uppermost part of a building that protects it from the elements.
Building Materials
Concrete Steel Wood
Strong and versatile, concrete is commonly used in construction.
Career Opportunities in Architecture
Architect
Designing and planning buildings, coordinating with clients and contractors.
Interior Designer
Creating functional and aesthetically pleasing interior spor public spaces such as government buildings, museums, and educational institutions.
Different Styles of Architecture
Traditional Chinese Architecture
Characteristics
Neoclassical architecture draws inspiration from classical Greek and Roman designs, with symmetrical facades, columns, and pediments.
Famous Examples
Urban Planner
Developing strategies to shape the growth and development of cities and communities.
最新城市规划与建筑学专业英语.pptppt课件
主要的交叉口、交通集散点等；（5）地标：它 通常是一个明显的物质性的建筑物，像是大厦、 标志物、山体或者纪念碑等。
11.03.2024
专业英语课件
10
• C 从尺度的角度理解城市形态：
• Apart from that, Alexander (1977, pp.xxi) suggested that the urban form can also be understood at different scales: from “the very largest for regions and towns” to “neighborhood, clusters of [a1] buildings, buildings, rooms and alcoves[a2] , ending finally with details of construction”.
• 中文示意： • 除以上观点外，alexander认为城市形态能够以不
同的尺度来理解，从“最宏观的区域和城镇”尺 度到“邻里、建筑群、建筑、房屋和小室的尺度， 最终以建设细节的尺度结束。”
• [a1]一群 • [a2]小室
11.03.2024
专业英语课件
11
• D 对以上三种角度的分析比较：
• The above perspectives have their own advantages and disadvantages for perceiving the elements of urban form. / The functional perspective is more related to the functions of a city, which can be easily understood from the view of urban planning. It also is easy for practice because it embodies[a1] the concrete[a2] elements that are easy to quantify[a3] and measure in a comparatively[a4] objective[a5] way. However, the functional perspective overlooks[a6] the visual and aesthetic aspect of urban form.
11.03.2024
专业英语课件
10
• C 从尺度的角度理解城市形态：
• Apart from that, Alexander (1977, pp.xxi) suggested that the urban form can also be understood at different scales: from “the very largest for regions and towns” to “neighborhood, clusters of [a1] buildings, buildings, rooms and alcoves[a2] , ending finally with details of construction”.
• 中文示意： • 除以上观点外，alexander认为城市形态能够以不
同的尺度来理解，从“最宏观的区域和城镇”尺 度到“邻里、建筑群、建筑、房屋和小室的尺度， 最终以建设细节的尺度结束。”
• [a1]一群 • [a2]小室
11.03.2024
专业英语课件
11
• D 对以上三种角度的分析比较：
• The above perspectives have their own advantages and disadvantages for perceiving the elements of urban form. / The functional perspective is more related to the functions of a city, which can be easily understood from the view of urban planning. It also is easy for practice because it embodies[a1] the concrete[a2] elements that are easy to quantify[a3] and measure in a comparatively[a4] objective[a5] way. However, the functional perspective overlooks[a6] the visual and aesthetic aspect of urban form.
建筑与设计英语培训教材
04
With the help of charts and diagrams: Use auxiliary tools such as charts and
diagrams to visually display the design plan.
03
English expression of building materials and
next year."
02
Architectural design concepts and expressions
Basic Principles and Concepts of Architectural Design
01
Functionalism principle: emphasizes that buildings
Nanomate rials
Phase Change Materials
Composite Materials
04
English expression of building regulations
and contracts
Overview of Building Regulations and English Expressions
Extensive use of professional vocabulary and terminology requires familiarity with relevant vocabulary in the construction
industry.
The passive voice is often used, such as "The building was designed
建筑工程专业英语课件(全)
Unit1
一、本单元学习要求 二、text学习 介绍text专业背景 词汇和短语 课程内容分析 课程内容难点分析 完成课后练习 三、reading material作为课后要求 四、supplement学习
一、本单元学习要求
1、掌握关于土木工程常用的英语专业词汇 的表示；
2、通过课程内容分析，概括土木工程所包 含的内容，并与中文专业表述进行比较， 进一步理解专业英语的表述；
3、课后自行阅读reading material，了解 土木行业的相关职业，能看懂并会写简 单的求职信；
4、学习专业英语中科技论文阅读技巧；
二、text学习
——Civil Engineering
专业背景介绍
所谓土木，是指一切和水、土、文化有关的基础建 设的计划、建造和维修。现时一般的土木工作项 目包括：道路、水务、渠务、防洪工程及交通等。 过去曾经将一切非军事用途的民用工程项目，归 类入本类，但随着工程科学日益广阔，不少原来 属于土木工程范围的内容都已经独立成科。目前， 从狭义定义上来说，土木工程（Civil Engineering） 也就是民用工程，即建筑工程（或称结构工程）、 桥梁与隧道工程、岩土工程、公路与城市道路、 铁路工程等这个小范围。
土木工程提出了特殊的挑战，因为由土木工程师设计建造 的每个结构或系统都是惟一的。一个结构几乎不能完全复 制成为另一个。
（2）Brevity简洁
专业英语的内容通常包括理论分析、公式推导和 研究的目的、范围、方法、步骤、结论等。在不 影响表达的前提下，语言应尽可能简洁，避免不 必要的润饰和重复，但并不排除会使用复杂句或 长句。
材料的屈服准则指可能导致材料屈服的应力组合 的数学表达式。换句话说，它表示应力与强度之 间的关系。
一、本单元学习要求 二、text学习 介绍text专业背景 词汇和短语 课程内容分析 课程内容难点分析 完成课后练习 三、reading material作为课后要求 四、supplement学习
一、本单元学习要求
1、掌握关于土木工程常用的英语专业词汇 的表示；
2、通过课程内容分析，概括土木工程所包 含的内容，并与中文专业表述进行比较， 进一步理解专业英语的表述；
3、课后自行阅读reading material，了解 土木行业的相关职业，能看懂并会写简 单的求职信；
4、学习专业英语中科技论文阅读技巧；
二、text学习
——Civil Engineering
专业背景介绍
所谓土木，是指一切和水、土、文化有关的基础建 设的计划、建造和维修。现时一般的土木工作项 目包括：道路、水务、渠务、防洪工程及交通等。 过去曾经将一切非军事用途的民用工程项目，归 类入本类，但随着工程科学日益广阔，不少原来 属于土木工程范围的内容都已经独立成科。目前， 从狭义定义上来说，土木工程（Civil Engineering） 也就是民用工程，即建筑工程（或称结构工程）、 桥梁与隧道工程、岩土工程、公路与城市道路、 铁路工程等这个小范围。
土木工程提出了特殊的挑战，因为由土木工程师设计建造 的每个结构或系统都是惟一的。一个结构几乎不能完全复 制成为另一个。
（2）Brevity简洁
专业英语的内容通常包括理论分析、公式推导和 研究的目的、范围、方法、步骤、结论等。在不 影响表达的前提下，语言应尽可能简洁，避免不 必要的润饰和重复，但并不排除会使用复杂句或 长句。
材料的屈服准则指可能导致材料屈服的应力组合 的数学表达式。换句话说，它表示应力与强度之 间的关系。
建筑专业英语PPT
First, the ground is excavated. Then, the concrete foundations are constructed. Later, the column base plates are fixed. Finally, the steel columns are erected.
确定建筑物的一部分或这些句子中描述装配顺序的阶段：
a)This cannot be put in place until the upper floor steel columns have been erected. 这个不能到位，知道楼上树立好钢柱。
b)Before fixing these, the workmen erect the corner units. 在解决这些之前，工人们建造角落单位。
这个顺序划分为四个阶段或部分：
Phase 1
Ground is excavated
挖掘地基
Concrete foundations are constructed
混凝土基础构造
Column base plates are fixed 柱形基础板固定
Steel columns are erected 树立钢柱
Vertical cladding panels are fixed 固定垂直覆盖层板
Suspended ceilings are fixed 固定吊顶
Partitions are erected 划分区域
Services are installed in the ceiling void 在吊顶空间安装服务
首先，挖掘地基。然后，搭建混凝土基础构造。之后，确定柱形基础板。最后， 树立钢柱。
《建筑学专业英语课件》
Explore the transparent properties of glass and its contribution to modern architecture.
Building Systems and Structural Design
Foundation Systems
Learn about the different types of foundation systems and their role in supporting buildings. intricate details and soaring structures of Gothic cathedrals.
Modern Architecture
Learn about the innovative designs and iconic buildings of the modern architectural era.
Permits
Discover the process of obtaining permits for construction projects and the necessary documentation.
Sustainability in Architecture
1
Green Building
Importance
Discover the impact of architecture on society, culture, and the environment.
Skills
Develop essential skills for analyzing, conceptualizing, and communicating architectural ideas.
(推荐)《建筑系专业英语》PPT课件
1
2
3
4
What do we expect out of windows?
5
6
• I need a room overlooking sea.
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Also we repeat, obviously this figure will vary
52
53
• The fact that openings in naturally occurring membranes are invariably thickened can be easily explained by considering how the lines of force in the membrane must flow around the hole. The increasing density of lines of force around the perimeter of the hole requires that additional material be generated there to prevent tearing.
Imagine: ABneitjainrcgt,icSah,aNnogrhthaei,rHnuNizohrwoua,y,gIutalnyg, zBhroauzi.li.a.n. jungle. . . .
38
What is the best approach to
OVERLOOKING LIFE ?
50
It is this thickening, around the eyes and mouth,
2
3
4
What do we expect out of windows?
5
6
• I need a room overlooking sea.
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Also we repeat, obviously this figure will vary
52
53
• The fact that openings in naturally occurring membranes are invariably thickened can be easily explained by considering how the lines of force in the membrane must flow around the hole. The increasing density of lines of force around the perimeter of the hole requires that additional material be generated there to prevent tearing.
Imagine: ABneitjainrcgt,icSah,aNnogrhthaei,rHnuNizohrwoua,y,gIutalnyg, zBhroauzi.li.a.n. jungle. . . .
38
What is the best approach to
OVERLOOKING LIFE ?
50
It is this thickening, around the eyes and mouth,
建筑类专业英语演讲PPT ：The Enclosed Square
Overhead Plane
顶面 (正如一棵枝叶茂盛的树，在其伞形结构下提供了某种围护，)顶面在 其本身和地面之间限定出一个空间区域。由于顶面的边缘是这一区域 的界限，所以顶面的形状、大小以及离地面的高度决定了该空间的形 式特征。
Overhead Plane
屋面可以是建筑物主要的空间限定要素，并且在其遮风避雨的天棚下， 组织起一系列形式与空间。
天空是广场的顶界面
特拉法加广场
The qualities which affect the degree of enclosure:
2.The height of the enclosing builings in relation to the size of the space. 建筑的围合性强弱决定空间的大小
The Enclosed Square
课文解读 The Enclosed Square 课外扩展
空间限定 如何创造更舒适空间
There are five archetypal forms of squares
1.The closed square —— self-contained 2.The dominated square ——directed towards the main building 3.The nuclear square ——formed around acentre 4.Grouped square ——spetial units are combined to form large conpositions 5.The amorphous square—— unlimited
Base Plane
Base Plane
Street in Woodstock,Oxfordshire,England 伍德斯托克的街道
【精品】建筑外语课件(英语)
3 Real-World Examples
Explore case studies to see how architectural terminology is applied in practice.
4 Interactive Exercises
Practice using architectural terms in conversations and written exercises.
relationships with clients and
understanding their needs.
Presentations and Public Speaking in Architectural English
1 Structuring
Presentations
Learn how to organize your architectural presentations for maximum impact and clarity.
arguments
Case Studies
• Analyze successful negotiation examples
• Learn from real-world persuasion scenarios
• Apply techniques to your own architectural projects
Reading and Writing Skills for Architectural English
Understanding Technical Texts
Develop strategies to comprehend complex architectural documents, such as construction plans and specifications.
《建筑系专业英语》课件
Improve language expression ability
By reading English literary works, learning language expression and rhetorical skills, and improving English writing and oral expression abilities.
Characteristics
This language is precision, condition, and often uses jargon and complex presence structures It requires a deep understanding of architectural concepts, design principles, and construction methods
01
02
By translating English literary works, improve translation skills, and master language expression.
Improve translation skills
Promoting cross-cultural exchange and cooperation
Knowledge Sharing and Continuing Education: English is the language of choice for many international architecture conferences, workshops, and publications Staying up to date with the latest trends and developments in the field requires expertise in English
By reading English literary works, learning language expression and rhetorical skills, and improving English writing and oral expression abilities.
Characteristics
This language is precision, condition, and often uses jargon and complex presence structures It requires a deep understanding of architectural concepts, design principles, and construction methods
01
02
By translating English literary works, improve translation skills, and master language expression.
Improve translation skills
Promoting cross-cultural exchange and cooperation
Knowledge Sharing and Continuing Education: English is the language of choice for many international architecture conferences, workshops, and publications Staying up to date with the latest trends and developments in the field requires expertise in English
《建筑专业英语课件》
Reading Comprehension for Architectural Documents
1
Analyzing Construction Blueprints
Develop the skills to interpret and extract information from architectural drawings.
Cultural Differences and Crosscultural Communication in Architecture
1
Understanding Cultural Context
Explore how cultural differences can influence architectural design and communication.
Developing Winning Proposals
Discover techniques for creating compelling proposals that stand out to clients.
Communication Skills for Architecture Teamwork and Presentations
2
Effective Cross-cultural Communication
Learn strategies for bridging cultural gaps and fostering successful collaboration.
3
Adapting Designs for Global Markets
Understand the importance of cultural sensitivity when designing for diverse international markets.
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Part 1 Warm-up Activties
1. Assembly sequence of a prefabricated building.
按顺序装配的预制建筑。
The sequence is divided into four stages or phases:
这个顺序划分为四个阶段或部分：
6.plumbers水管工---------------------installation of pipework and sanitary fittings
管道工程与洁具安装
7.joiners连接工------------------------manufacture of doors, windows, screens 制作门，窗，屏幕等
c)During this phase the beams and bracing are fixed. 在这个阶段，梁和支撑是固定的。
d)The workmen fix these after constructing the concrete foundations. 工人们将在之后浇筑混凝土基础。
Part 2 Controlled
1.Look at this time schedule of a building project: 看一个建筑项目的时间表：
相关词汇：
1.foreman工头-------------------------supervision监督管理
bourers劳工------------------------doing manual work做体力劳动
Vertical cladding panels are fixed 固定垂直覆盖层板
Suspended ceilings are fixed 固定吊顶
Partitions are erected 划分区域
Services are installed in the ceiling void 在吊顶空间安装服务
Floor finishes are laid 铺设地板
Building is decorated 建筑装饰
3.Identify the part of the building or the phase of assembly sequence described in these sentences:
Phase 1
Ground is excavated
挖掘地基
Concrete foundations are constructed
混凝土基础构造
Column base plates are fixed 柱形基础板固定
Steel columns are erected 树立钢柱
First, the ground is excavated. Then, the concrete foundations are constructed. Later, the column base plates are fixed. Finally, the steel columns are erected.
Phase 3 Phase 4
Weatherproof roof membrane is laid 铺设防风雨的屋顶防水层
Balustrade fixing plates are fixed 固定栏杆固定板
Comer units are erected 树立边角构件
Horizontal cladding panels are fixed 固定水平电镀板
e)The electric wiring is installed during this phase. 在这个阶段安装电线。
f)When the balustrade fixing plates have fixed, the workmen can start laying this. 在栏杆固定杆固定后，工人们开始铺设。
首先，挖掘地基。然后，搭建混凝土基础构造。之后，确定柱形基础板。最后， 树立钢柱。
Now look at the drawings of the next three stages and make statements about
the sequence of events in phases 2, 3 and 4. 现在看看接下来三个阶段的图纸和在2,3,4部分关于项目顺序的说明。
Phase 2
Roof decking is put in place 屋顶装饰
Upper floor steel columns are erected 楼上树立钢柱
Concrete floor slabs are put in place 浇制混凝土楼板
Beams and bracing are fixed 固定梁和支撑结构
确定建筑物的一部分或这些句子中描述装配顺序的阶段：
a)This cannot be put in place until the upper floor steel columns have been erected. 这个不能到位，知道楼上树立好钢柱。
b)Before fixing these, the workmen erect the corner units. 在解决这些之前，工人们建造角落单位。
50%
8.carpenters木匠-----------------------fixing of floor joists, roof timbers, doors,windows
安装地板托梁，屋顶木材，门，窗等
9.roofing contractor屋面承包方-----laying roof covering铺设屋面覆盖层
3.machine drivers机械工人----------excavating ground挖掘土地
4.steel erectors钢结构安装工-------erecting steelwork安装钢结构
瓦匠-------------------building brickwork砌筑砖墙
1. Assembly sequence of a prefabricated building.
按顺序装配的预制建筑。
The sequence is divided into four stages or phases:
这个顺序划分为四个阶段或部分：
6.plumbers水管工---------------------installation of pipework and sanitary fittings
管道工程与洁具安装
7.joiners连接工------------------------manufacture of doors, windows, screens 制作门，窗，屏幕等
c)During this phase the beams and bracing are fixed. 在这个阶段，梁和支撑是固定的。
d)The workmen fix these after constructing the concrete foundations. 工人们将在之后浇筑混凝土基础。
Part 2 Controlled
1.Look at this time schedule of a building project: 看一个建筑项目的时间表：
相关词汇：
1.foreman工头-------------------------supervision监督管理
bourers劳工------------------------doing manual work做体力劳动
Vertical cladding panels are fixed 固定垂直覆盖层板
Suspended ceilings are fixed 固定吊顶
Partitions are erected 划分区域
Services are installed in the ceiling void 在吊顶空间安装服务
Floor finishes are laid 铺设地板
Building is decorated 建筑装饰
3.Identify the part of the building or the phase of assembly sequence described in these sentences:
Phase 1
Ground is excavated
挖掘地基
Concrete foundations are constructed
混凝土基础构造
Column base plates are fixed 柱形基础板固定
Steel columns are erected 树立钢柱
First, the ground is excavated. Then, the concrete foundations are constructed. Later, the column base plates are fixed. Finally, the steel columns are erected.
Phase 3 Phase 4
Weatherproof roof membrane is laid 铺设防风雨的屋顶防水层
Balustrade fixing plates are fixed 固定栏杆固定板
Comer units are erected 树立边角构件
Horizontal cladding panels are fixed 固定水平电镀板
e)The electric wiring is installed during this phase. 在这个阶段安装电线。
f)When the balustrade fixing plates have fixed, the workmen can start laying this. 在栏杆固定杆固定后，工人们开始铺设。
首先，挖掘地基。然后，搭建混凝土基础构造。之后，确定柱形基础板。最后， 树立钢柱。
Now look at the drawings of the next three stages and make statements about
the sequence of events in phases 2, 3 and 4. 现在看看接下来三个阶段的图纸和在2,3,4部分关于项目顺序的说明。
Phase 2
Roof decking is put in place 屋顶装饰
Upper floor steel columns are erected 楼上树立钢柱
Concrete floor slabs are put in place 浇制混凝土楼板
Beams and bracing are fixed 固定梁和支撑结构
确定建筑物的一部分或这些句子中描述装配顺序的阶段：
a)This cannot be put in place until the upper floor steel columns have been erected. 这个不能到位，知道楼上树立好钢柱。
b)Before fixing these, the workmen erect the corner units. 在解决这些之前，工人们建造角落单位。
50%
8.carpenters木匠-----------------------fixing of floor joists, roof timbers, doors,windows
安装地板托梁，屋顶木材，门，窗等
9.roofing contractor屋面承包方-----laying roof covering铺设屋面覆盖层
3.machine drivers机械工人----------excavating ground挖掘土地
4.steel erectors钢结构安装工-------erecting steelwork安装钢结构
瓦匠-------------------building brickwork砌筑砖墙