初中定语从句(公开课,幽默版)

先行词为“man”，定语从句 为“that likes smoking”，而 “that”为引导定语从句的关 系词
先行词是什么呢？
请指出下面句子中的先行词以及定语从句
• • • •
1.He is a boy who likes beautiful girls. 2.This is a dog which likes eating meat. 3.I know the boy whom teachers all like. 4. Xi’an is a good place where there are many delicous foods. • 5.Can you tell me the reason why he quite school? • 6.I remember these days when we were friends.
总结：that 用在从句中作主语和宾语，which用在从句中作主语和宾语，whose常 常后面加名词
关系代词用法总结
关系代词 先行词 关系代词在从句中作什 么
that who
whom whose which
物/人 人
人 人/ 物 物
主语/宾语 主语
宾语 定语（谁的，什么的） 主语/宾语
请务必将此表记下来！！！
二.关系词
关系词
关系代词
关系副词
Fra Baidu bibliotek
That,which,who,
Whom,whose
Where,when,why
1.关系词的作用
替代先行 词
引导定语 从句
在从句中 充当成分
关系 词
He is a boy whom beautiful girls like He is a boy/beuatiful girls like a boy
此外：当先行词是人和物一起的时候，关系代词也要用that
又来？
This is the only book ( ) I can find. This is the best book ( ) I have ever read. Is there anything ( ) you don’t understand? The boy and his dog ( ) are walking along the street have lost their way.
例题： 1. This car, ( )is dyed red, is Smith’s. 2. The boy, ( ) we all likes, is named Tom. 3. The Chairman’s daughter, ( ) name is Ann, gave me a patient smile. 4. The CEO, ( ) has earned a lot of money, is my father. 5. He had killed his father, ( ) surprised me a lot.
判断定语从句中到底是要选择关系代 词还是关系副词，关键在于：
去掉要填的关系词后， 如果从句依然完整，则 使用关系副词，如果缺 少主语宾语而使得句子 不完整，则使用关系代 词
He is a good student who likes reading books. I know the reason why he came to my home. He still remember the cliff where he jumped. (不及物动 词)
练习
(1) I don’t like the boy ( ) name is Tom. (2) The girl ( ) is reading a book is my sister. (3) The old man ( ) they are talking about is a teacher. (4) The cat ( ) the dog is hunting for is Tom’s. (5) I like playing with the boy ( ) eyes are brown. (6) The fish ( ) body is red is from Africa.
来来来！不要松懈了，趁热再来几道题。
1.The reason ( ) he came here is not clear. 2.These days ( ) we lived together is unforgettable. 3.I like go to the park ( ) many old men palys basketball everday. 4.This is the staion ( ) he had talked about. 5.I don’t understand the reason ( ) he had explained to me.
2.关系代词及其用法
2.1. 先行词为“人”
(1) that: He is the student that likes reading books. He is the student that others hate. (2) who: I like the girl who has long hair. (3) whom: I know the boy whom Mr. Wang is talking with now. (4) whose: He is a soldier whose eyes are blue.
个人介绍
有学习上的问题和心灵上的困惑可以 找我聊聊，失恋了别找我说，因为 我也单身。
定语从句
考一考
翻译：他是一个伤心的男人。 他是一个喜欢抽烟的男人
He is a sad man
He is a man that likes smoking.
观察与类比
He is a man that likes smoking.
3.关系副词及其用法
(1) where: I remember the school where we had spent 3years. (2) when: Do you still remember these days when we were students. (3) why: Can you tell me the reason why he leave me.
原来是这样！
2.结构： 限定性定语从句关系词和主句之间不分开 非限定性定语从句常常用逗号单独隔开，且关系 词用which，who，whom，whose, 关系代词的选 择与前面判断限定性定语从句中关系代词的方法 一致。此外，which可以指代主句的全部内容。 注意：that作关系词时前面不能有逗号。 Tom, who is a student, is my neighbour. He had won the first prize, which surprised me a lot.
关系副词在从句中作状语
4.关系代词与关系副词的选择
(1) I know the reason why he left home. I forget the reason that he had told me. (2) I still remember these days when we were best friends. I still remember these days that he had forgotten already. (3) This is the school where we had left a good memory. This is the school that was 我一定是听了假课， destroyed in 2006. 这又是什么东西？？？
非限定性定语从句
1.区别：限定性定语从句是对先行词进行修饰说明 的，是必要信息。 非限定性定语从句是对主句信息的补充说明。 He is the man that is talking with Mr. Wang. Obama, who was the president of the US, loves his daughter.
总结：that 用在从句中作主语和宾语，who用在从句中作主语，whom用在从句中 作宾语，whose常常后面加名词
2.2.先行词为“物”
(1) that: The dog that always barks to me is very ugly The dog that these children is beating is mine. (2) which: The fish which is swimming in the pool will be our dinner. The cat which she is playing with is mine. (3) whose: The book whose cover is red is yours.
2.3. 只用“that”的情况
三大原则
1.说法绝对：先行词出现绝对性的描述， 如唯一的(the only), 每个人(everyone), 每 件事(everything),所有的(all),没有一个 (none), 任何事(anything), 任何人(anyone) 2.数字常考: 当先行词前有序数词时，如 the first, the second, 其中the last，最后的 也属于这种情况 3.最高级：先行词前有形容词最高级修 饰时，也只能用“that”
观察后不难发现：定语从句的 构成为：that + 其他
请翻译：
这是一条喜欢和人说 话的狗 This is a dog that likes talking with people.
一.结构
定语从句的结构：先行词+关系词引导的从句
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词 例如：He is a man that likes smoking.
本堂小结
请同学来自己总结一下 定语从句 1.结构 2.关系词：关系代词与关系副词 3.关系代词和关系副词的判断 4.限定性定语从句与非限定性定 语从句
谢谢！