殖民主义时期的美国文学 英文版
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faced the worst of life with optimism
went into thHale Waihona Puke Baidu making
of American literature
All literature is based on a myth – garden of Eden.
American Puritanism
living for glorifying God; believing predestination（命运天定）, original
sin(原罪，人生下来就是有罪的，因为人类 的祖先亚当和夏娃是有罪的), total depravity(人类是完全堕落的，所以人要处 处小心自己的行为，要尽可能做到最好以 取悦上帝), limited atonement (有限救赎， 只有被上帝选中的人才能得到上帝的拯救)
Historical Background
2. Reasons for coming to the new world wealth adventure religion: puritans
• Puritans wanted to “purify the church” to its original state, because they thought the church was corrupted and had too many rituals
• William Bradford, 1st governor of Plymouth: The History of Plymouth Plantation
• John Winthrop, 1st governor of Boston, The History of New England
Their writings illustrate the religious zeal of the first settlers.
②Contributing to the development of Symbolism
（象征主义）: a technique, widely used
Symbolism means using symbols in literary works. The symbol means something that represents or stands for abstract deep meaning.
• Edward Taylor: His work followed the style and forms of the leading English poets of the mid17th century. Most of their poems treated religious themes. They were servants of God.
• John Smith, one of the founders of the colony of Jamestown: His descriptions about the new world became the source of information for the later settlers.
Early American Puritan Poets
• Anne Bradstreet: Her poems made such a stir in England that she became known as the “Tenth Muse” who appeared in America.
Puritans thought that all the simple objects existing in the world connoted deep meaning.
American Puritanism
③Influencing the style of literature: simple, fresh and direct (just as the style of Holy Bible)
1) Diaries, histories, journals, letters, commonplace books, travel books, sermons, in short, personal literature in its various forms, occupy a major position in the literature of the early colonial period.
Early writers writing for freedom
• Roger Williams: the first rebel against the divine church
• John Woolman
Writers in the Revolutionary Period
• Thomas Paine: a famous pamphleteer in the age of revolution, his Common Sense appeared in 1776, boldly advocating a “Declaration of Independence.”
2) In 1607, Captain John Smith led some Englishmen across the ocean.
3) In 1620, 102 passengers sailed on the ship Mayflower across the sea and settled on “New England” of the new continent.
3) Literature in the early periods were barren and bleak, but they represent a process in which American literature evolved towards a higher phrase.
2. Early American Puritan Writers
Writers in the Revolutionary Period
• Jonathan Edwards: the last medieval man The Freedom of the Will, The Great Doctrine of Original Sin Defended
• Benjamin Franklin:
• Philip Freneau: the most outstanding
writer of the post-revolutionary period. He used his poetic talents for the independence of America, and dedicated himself to writing American subject matters.
Puritanism
1) It is one of the most enduring shaping influences in American thought and American Literature.
2) First, it is a branch of Protestantism holding the teachings of Calvinism, believing that human beings are basically evil, and could do nothing about it, and many, although not all, will surely be condemned to hell. People should try to try to please God by working hard, being thrifty, pious, and sober.
III. Benjamin Franklin 1706 - 1790
1. His Life
1) Born the tenth of fifteen children in a poor candle and soap maker’s family, he had to leave school before he was eleven.
Without understanding of Puritanism, there can be no good understanding of American culture and literature.
II. Literature in the early periods: 1. main features
The Colonial Period and the Revolutionary Period
Outline
• Puritanism • Literature in the early periods • Benjamin Franklin
I. Historical Background
11We.)EaIahnrrtla1hlyyt4e9hhdn2iioes,swtCtoyorhcoyror:yunist?tikonpnehnoetwrcCaalolbeludomAubmtuAesrmfiocaue.nrdican
American Puritanism
Enduring shaping influence in literature ①Basis of American literature
dreamed of living under a perfect order worked with courage hoped to build a Garden of Eden on earth
2) In content these early writings served either God or colonial expansion or both. In form, there wasn’t any form at all, and English literary traditions were faithfully imitated and transplanted.
2) At twelve he was apprenticed to an older brother, James, a printer in Boston.
American Puritanism
Features of American Puritan
idealist dream
▪they would build
the new land to
more practical,
an Eden on earth.
tougher
the severe conditions struggle for survival preoccupied with business and profits
3) It is more a code of values, a philosophy of life and a point of view than a kind of religion, stressing hard work, thrift, piety, and sobriety. It is opposed to social pleasures and indulgences.
Historical Background
a code of values a philosophy of life a point of view
3. Belief---Puritanism took root in the New World
Doctrines of Puritans
taking religion as the most important thing;
went into thHale Waihona Puke Baidu making
of American literature
All literature is based on a myth – garden of Eden.
American Puritanism
living for glorifying God; believing predestination（命运天定）, original
sin(原罪，人生下来就是有罪的，因为人类 的祖先亚当和夏娃是有罪的), total depravity(人类是完全堕落的，所以人要处 处小心自己的行为，要尽可能做到最好以 取悦上帝), limited atonement (有限救赎， 只有被上帝选中的人才能得到上帝的拯救)
Historical Background
2. Reasons for coming to the new world wealth adventure religion: puritans
• Puritans wanted to “purify the church” to its original state, because they thought the church was corrupted and had too many rituals
• William Bradford, 1st governor of Plymouth: The History of Plymouth Plantation
• John Winthrop, 1st governor of Boston, The History of New England
Their writings illustrate the religious zeal of the first settlers.
②Contributing to the development of Symbolism
（象征主义）: a technique, widely used
Symbolism means using symbols in literary works. The symbol means something that represents or stands for abstract deep meaning.
• Edward Taylor: His work followed the style and forms of the leading English poets of the mid17th century. Most of their poems treated religious themes. They were servants of God.
• John Smith, one of the founders of the colony of Jamestown: His descriptions about the new world became the source of information for the later settlers.
Early American Puritan Poets
• Anne Bradstreet: Her poems made such a stir in England that she became known as the “Tenth Muse” who appeared in America.
Puritans thought that all the simple objects existing in the world connoted deep meaning.
American Puritanism
③Influencing the style of literature: simple, fresh and direct (just as the style of Holy Bible)
1) Diaries, histories, journals, letters, commonplace books, travel books, sermons, in short, personal literature in its various forms, occupy a major position in the literature of the early colonial period.
Early writers writing for freedom
• Roger Williams: the first rebel against the divine church
• John Woolman
Writers in the Revolutionary Period
• Thomas Paine: a famous pamphleteer in the age of revolution, his Common Sense appeared in 1776, boldly advocating a “Declaration of Independence.”
2) In 1607, Captain John Smith led some Englishmen across the ocean.
3) In 1620, 102 passengers sailed on the ship Mayflower across the sea and settled on “New England” of the new continent.
3) Literature in the early periods were barren and bleak, but they represent a process in which American literature evolved towards a higher phrase.
2. Early American Puritan Writers
Writers in the Revolutionary Period
• Jonathan Edwards: the last medieval man The Freedom of the Will, The Great Doctrine of Original Sin Defended
• Benjamin Franklin:
• Philip Freneau: the most outstanding
writer of the post-revolutionary period. He used his poetic talents for the independence of America, and dedicated himself to writing American subject matters.
Puritanism
1) It is one of the most enduring shaping influences in American thought and American Literature.
2) First, it is a branch of Protestantism holding the teachings of Calvinism, believing that human beings are basically evil, and could do nothing about it, and many, although not all, will surely be condemned to hell. People should try to try to please God by working hard, being thrifty, pious, and sober.
III. Benjamin Franklin 1706 - 1790
1. His Life
1) Born the tenth of fifteen children in a poor candle and soap maker’s family, he had to leave school before he was eleven.
Without understanding of Puritanism, there can be no good understanding of American culture and literature.
II. Literature in the early periods: 1. main features
The Colonial Period and the Revolutionary Period
Outline
• Puritanism • Literature in the early periods • Benjamin Franklin
I. Historical Background
11We.)EaIahnrrtla1hlyyt4e9hhdn2iioes,swtCtoyorhcoyror:yunist?tikonpnehnoetwrcCaalolbeludomAubmtuAesrmfiocaue.nrdican
American Puritanism
Enduring shaping influence in literature ①Basis of American literature
dreamed of living under a perfect order worked with courage hoped to build a Garden of Eden on earth
2) In content these early writings served either God or colonial expansion or both. In form, there wasn’t any form at all, and English literary traditions were faithfully imitated and transplanted.
2) At twelve he was apprenticed to an older brother, James, a printer in Boston.
American Puritanism
Features of American Puritan
idealist dream
▪they would build
the new land to
more practical,
an Eden on earth.
tougher
the severe conditions struggle for survival preoccupied with business and profits
3) It is more a code of values, a philosophy of life and a point of view than a kind of religion, stressing hard work, thrift, piety, and sobriety. It is opposed to social pleasures and indulgences.
Historical Background
a code of values a philosophy of life a point of view
3. Belief---Puritanism took root in the New World
Doctrines of Puritans
taking religion as the most important thing;