考研同义词
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优雅地elegant,graceful,
气氛atmosphere,ambience
重要的significant,important,vital,crucial,momentous
一致的correspongding
忍受v.bear,substain,put up with,endure,stand,
充足的ample,abundant,sufficient,plenty of,adequate,enough
丰富的ample,abundant,luxuriant,lavish,affluent
Nonethless尽管如此,但是
考研同义近形词归纳一.名词中同义词、近形词部分归纳1.表示“能力”意思的词语:Ability,capability,competency,faculty,capacity,gift,talent2.表示“目的、目标”意思的词语:Aim,purpose,aim,intent,intention,goal,end3.表示“关系、联系”意思的词语:Ties,bonds, links,connection,association,relations,combination,relationship,interrelations,relevance4.表示“差别”意思的词语:Difference,distinction,differentiation5.表示“资本、资金”意思的词语:Capital,fund,money,relief6.表示“个人”意思的词语:Person,people,folks,individuals, man,human being7.表示“意义、含义”意思的词语:Meaning,significance,implication, connotation8.表示“部分、成分”意思的词语:Part,element,ingredient,component,factor, segment9.表示“不平等、歧视”意思的词语:Inequality,bias,prejudice,discrimination10.表示“对手、支持者”意思的词语:Opponent,rivals,proponent,advocates11.表示“商品”意思的词语:Commodity,goods12.表示“将来”意思的词语:Future,prospect13.表示“理由”意思的词语:Reason,ground,cause14.表示“后代、子孙”意思的词语:Offspring, descendant,posterity,children15.表示“补充”意思的词语:Complement,supplement,append16.表示与“树木”有关的词语:Bush,shrub,jungle17.表示“边界”意思的词语:Boundary,border,frontier,verge18.表示“错误”意思的词语:Blunder,error,mistake,fault 19.表示“基础”意思的词语:Basis,foundation,ground20.表示“会议”意思的词语:Assembly, conference,congress,seminar,session,summit,symposium,meeting,gathering,party21.表示“区域”意思的词语:Area,district,region,vicinity,zone22.表示“成就”意思的词语:Accomplishment,attainment,achievement,success23.表示“要点、摘要”意思的词语:abstract, digest,outline,summary24.表示“程度”意思的词语:to the degree,to some extent25.表示“生气”意思的词语:Anger,fury,indignation,resentment,hate,hatred26.表示“痛苦,悲伤”意思的词语:pain,sadness,unhappiness,misery,anguish27.表示“标准”意思的词语:standard,criteria28.字形相似的词:welfare(福利),warfare(战争),farewell(告别)29.字形相似的词:attitude(态度),altitude(海拔,高度),magnitude(数量),multitude (多数),aptitude(天资,天赋),latitude(纬度,地区),gratitude(感谢)30.字形相似的词:convention(习俗,传统),conversion(变化,转换),conviction(坚定的信念或看法),conservation (保存,保持),conversation(交谈)31.字形相似和近义词:vocation,job,work,profession, occupation,field,career,/vacation,holiday,travel,journey,voyage,trip,excursion32.近义词:pace(步伐),speed(速度,速率),rate(速度,百分比),ratio(比例,比率),rhythm(韵律,节奏)33.近义词:process(进程,过程),procedure(步骤,手续),course(时间的经过)二.常用的动词同义词归纳1.表示“导致”意思的词语:Lead to,bring about,give rise to,give birth to,contribute to,cause…to,result in,engender,render,prompt,cause,make,result from(起因于)2.表示“面对、偶遇”意思的词语:Confront,be confronted with,face,be faced with, meet with,encounter.
表示“集中于”意思的词语:Center on,focus on,concentrate on4.表示“对付、处理”意思的词语:Deal with,cope with,handle,tackle,manipulate,5.表示“消失”意思的词语:Disappear,vanish,fade,perish6.表示“减少、增加”意思的词语:Diminish,lessen,decrease, drop,reduce,fall,/accumulate,increase,rise,soar,rocket7.表示“依靠、依赖”意思的词语:Rely on(upon),depend on(upon),count on(upon),rest on(upon)8.表示“变化”意思的词语:Change,turn,vary/range,alter,transform,shift,convert.9.表示“指控”意思的词语:Charge with, accuse of,sue for,condemn,denounce,prosecute10.表示“克服、战胜”意思的词语:Overcome,conquer,defeat,11.表示“获得、得到”意思的词语:Achieve,obtain,get,accomplish, earn,attain,secure,acquire,gain12.表示“抓住”意思的词语:Catch,seize,capture,catch hold of,grab13.表示“限制”意思的词语:Limit,confine,restrict.14.表示“强迫”意思的词语:compel,constrain,force,oblige。
15.表示“责怪”意思的词语:blame,condemn,reproach, scold。
16.表示“困惑、迷惑”意思的词语:bewilder,puzzle,confuse,embarrass,perplex。
17.表示“赞扬、称赞”意思的词语:applaud,clap,commend,praise18.表示“扩大、加强”意思的词语:amplify,enlarge,stretch,magnify,reinforce,expand19.表示“声称”意思的词语:affirm,assert,allege,claim,announce,proclaim。
20.表示“附加”意思的词语:affiliate,link,attach,append。
21.表示“调整、改变”意思的词语:adjust,regulate,rectify, amend,convert,alter,modify,transform,vary。
22.表示“提供”意思的词语:accommodate, afford,furnish。
23.表示“取消、除掉”意思的词语:abolish,cancel,eliminate,dispose,erase, exclude,extinguish24.表示“遵守”意思的词语:abide by,adhere to,conform to,comply with。
25.表示“繁荣、兴旺”意思的词语:flourish,boom,prosper,succeed.26.表示“阻止、停止”意思的词语:stop…from,prevent...from,keep from,halt,pause,cease27.表示“忍受”意思的词语:endure,bear,stand,tolerate,put up with,live with28.表示“来自于,出自于,起因于”意思的词语:come from,arise from,derive from,originate from,stem from,result from.29.表示“起作用,有重要性”意思的词语:count,matter,play a role,play a part。
30.字形相似的词:Undergo(经历),understand(理解),undertake(承担,约定),undercut (减低),underlie(成为基础),underline(下划线,强调),undo(解开,恢复), undermine(weaken削弱)31.Describe(描绘),prescribe(开处方,规定),ascribe…to (归因于),subscribe…to(捐助,同意,订阅)32.Believe(相信),relieve…of(减轻), belief(观点),relief(救济)33.字形相似的词:reduce(减少),deduce(推论,推断), induce(引诱,促使),produce34.近义词:release(解放,释放),announce(宣布,通知),declare(公开,宣布),proclaim(官方宣布)35.字形相似的词:adopt(采纳,采取,收养),adapt(to)(改写,适应),adept(熟练的)36.字形相似的词:rise---rose,risen(上升,起身),arise(出现),raise(举起,抬起,抚养),praise(赞扬),arouse(引起,激起)。
37.字形相似的词:assure(使相信,使放心assure sb.of sth,assure sb.that),ensure(ensure sth, ensure that保证),insure(保险,投保)38.近义词:remember(记得,记住),remind sb. to do(提醒做某事),remind sb.of sth.(使人想起),recall(回忆起,回想起)39.近义词:代替replace…By/with…和Substitute...For…。
40.表示“吃惊,惊奇”意思的词语:surprise, shock,amaze,astonish,astound,三.形容词和副词同义词归纳
表示“与……有关/联系”意思的词组:Be relevant to,be related to,be tied to,be linked to,be associated with,be connected with,be combined with2.表示“好”意思的词语:wonderful, excellent,good,super,superb,magnificent,first-class,remarkable,fantastic,cool,splendid. 3.表示“充足”意思的词语:sufficient,enough,adequate,rich,abundant,plentiful4.表示“不足”意思的词语:lack,be short of,for want of,for lack of,5.表示“可怕、有害”意思的词语:dreadful,terrible,frightening,horrible,awful,harmful,bad,detrimental,adverse,
unfavorable,negative.6.表示“有能力做”意思的词语:be competent in/as/to do,be capable of,be qualified for/as,be able to7.表示“传统、习惯”等有关的词语:traditional, conventional,customary,habitual,social,global8.表示“许多、大量”意思的词语:many/much, a lot of/lots of/,a large number of,a large amount of,plenty of,plentiful,considerable,ample, numerous,countless,9.表示“合不合适”意思的词语:right,proper,suitable,appropriate,fit, improper,unsuitable,inappropriate,unfit10.表示“效果、效率”意思的词语:effective, effectual,efficient,sufficient11.表示“合不合理”的词语:logical,reasonable,sensible, rational,/illogical,unreasonable,irrational12.表示“倾向于”意思的词语:be likely to,be liable to,be inclined to,be apt to,tend to13.表示“意不意识到”的词语:be aware of,be conscious of,be unaware of,be unconscious of,subconscious(潜意识的)14.表示“简短”意思的词语:brief,concise,in brief,in short15.表示“合不合法”意思的词语:legitimate,lawful,legal, illegal,16.表示“精确、准确”意思的词语:accurate,precise,exact,17.表示与“身体”有关意思的词语:bodily,physical,mental,spiritual,materialistic,18.表示“态度”意思的词语:optimistic,pessimistic,objective,subjective,impartial,19.表示与“谨慎、小心”有关意思的词语:careful,cautious,prudent,careless,carefree20.表示“虚弱”意思的词语:weak,fragile,frail,invalid,feeble,vulnerable21.表示“基本”意思的词语:basic,elementary, fundamental,primary22.表示“天生”意思的词语:inborn,innate,inherent,gifted,talented 23.表示“普遍、一般”意思的词语:average,common,general,universal,usual24.表示“明显的,清楚的”意思的词语:apparent,evident,self-evident,manifest,obvious,distinct, clear/ambiguous,obscure,unclear25.表示“严重的、紧急的”意思的词语:acute,critical, crucial,urgent,serious,emergent26.表示“愚蠢,可笑”的词语:absurd,ridiculous,silly,foolish, stupid,ironic,funny27.表示“节约,奢侈”的词语:economic(经济的),economical(节约的),thrifty(节省的),simple,luxurious,extravagant(浪费的),generous(大方的)28.表示“富裕”意思的词语:rich,wealthy,affluent,well-off29.表示“仅仅,唯一,就是”意思的词语:only,just,merely,solely,simply,uniquely,alone30.表示“可能的”意思的词语:possible, likely,probable,presumable31.表示“有决心的,坚定的”意思的词语:determined,resolute, firm,decisive32.表示“不断的,不停的”意思的词语:continual,continuous,uninterrupted, successive,eternal,endless,successful(成功的),succession(连续不断)33.表示“永久的,永恒的”意思的词语:lasting,ever-lasting,permanent,perpetual,temporary(暂时的)34.表示“致命的,要死的”意思的词语:deadly,fatal,mortal,35.表示“重要的,必要的,关键的”意思的词语:important,significant,vital,critical,crucial,necessary,essential,indispensable36.表示“愿不愿意”意思的词语:Willing,unwilling=reluctant37.表示“喜欢、感兴趣”意思的词语:be interested in,be keen on,be fond of,be crazy about,be
enthusiastic about,be addicted to(上瘾)38.Internal(内部的),inclusive(包含的),intensive, inside,implicit,external,exclusive,extensive,outside,explicit39.Consequent(由…而起), subsequent(随后的),frequent(经常的)40.字形相似的词:optimal(最佳的,最理想的),optional(可选择的),optical(视力的,光学的),optimistic(乐观的)四.动词常用后缀en-,em-使成为enable(使能够)encourage(鼓励)enforce(实施)enlarge (扩大)entitle(有权利做)empower(授权)endanger(危害)enjoy(喜欢)enrich(变富,使丰富)ensure(确保)enlighten(启发)entrust(委托)-en做,使变成…fasten(系好)harden(使坚固)lengthen(加长)threaten(威胁)loosen(放松,松弛)widen(拓宽)weaken(削弱)strengthen(加强)hasten(急忙,赶快)shorten(缩短)entail(使必要)encode(解码)enclose(装入,封入)enforce(实施,实行)engender(造成,产生)enroll(招收,登记)-ify…化,使成为…,变成…beautify(美化)intensify(加剧)horrify(使恐怖)clarify(澄
清)identify(辨认,识别)justify(认为合理)specify(指定,详述)solidify(巩固)purify(洁净,净化)qualify(胜任,有资格)rectify(改正,修改)-ize…化,照…样子做apologize(道歉)maximize(最大化)organize(组织)utilize(使用)mobilize(动员)criticize(批评)publicize(宣传)visualize(想象)democratize(民主化)characterize(概括)specialize (专攻)realize(实现)industrialize(工业化)revolutionize(彻底改革)recognize(认出)civilize (使文明)五.形容词常用后缀-able,-ible,-ble能够…,值得…knowledgeable(知识渊博的)sustainable(可持续的)acceptable available(可以得到的)comparable(可比的)favorable(有利的)honorable(可敬的,光荣的)liable(倾向于,有责任的)noticeable (注意到的)reliable(可靠的)unbelievable(难以相信的)responsible-al…的,行为,人,物skeptical(怀疑的)perpetual(永恒的)commercial(商业的)annual(每年的)casual(随意的)classical(古典式的)continual(不断的)conventional(传统的)experimental(实验的)identical(相同的)
optional(选择的)detrimental(有害的)critical(关键的,批评的)original(原始的,原创的)-ate-----affectionate(亲爱的)passionate(热情的,多情的)-ed…的accustomed(习惯的)advanced(先进的)ashamed(羞愧的)beloved(敬爱的)complicated (复杂的)crowded(拥挤的)learned(有学问的)limited(有限的)naked(裸露的)puzzled(困惑的)amazed(吃惊的)-en做,使,…的,人golden(金色的),wooden(木制的)woolen(羊毛的)-ent----proficient(熟练的)turbulent(动荡不安的)persistent(坚持的)-ful…的powerful(强大的)doubtful(怀疑的)colorful(五颜六色的)faithful(忠诚的)fearful(畏惧的)fruitful(有成效的)grateful(感谢的)hopeful(有希望的)peaceful (和平的)plentiful(大量的)thoughtful(善于思考的,体贴的)-Fold----倍数tenfold (十倍的)hundredfold-ic,ical…的,人,…学optimistic(乐观的)dynamic(有活力的)academic(学术的,学业的artistic(艺术的,高尚的)economic(经济的)electronic (电子的)heroic(英勇的)organic(有机的)systematic(系统的)practical(实际的)statistical(统计的)-ish…的,有…性质的selfish(自私的)British(英国的)-sive ----divisive(分裂的)aggressive(挑衅的,好斗的)-tive…的,人,物assimilative(同化的)conservative(保守的)active(积极的)comparative(比较的)collective(集体的)creative(有创造力的)relative(相关的)protective(保护的)-less无…的,不…的endless(无穷的)careless(粗心的)helpless(无助的)hopeless(没希望的)restless (不安的)worthless(无价值的)-like如…的childlike(像孩子一样的),godlike(神似的)-ly…的,…地deadly(致命的)elderly(上了年纪的)monthly/weekly/yearly-ous,-ious…的ambitious(有抱负的)anxious(着急的)cautious(小心的)curious(好奇的)dangerous(危险的)delicious(美味的)famous(著名的)glorious(光荣的)religious (宗教的)suspicious(怀疑的)insidious(隐蔽的)-some---handsome(英俊的) burdensome(有负担的)troublesome(麻烦的)tiresome(讨厌的)quarrelsome(好争吵的)
-y…的,人,物rainy(下雨的)noisy(嘈杂的)dirty greedy(贪婪的)sunny/rainy/cloudy/stormy wealthy(富裕的)slippery(滑的)-ory----compulsory(强迫的,义务的)illusory(欺骗的,虚幻的)同源异义形容词归纳在英语中有些词有两种或两种以上的形容词形式,它们具有词形相近,但词义不同的特点,在识别时容易用错,需要引起我们特别注意。
alternate(changing by turns)轮流的,交替的alternative(giving a choice between two things)选择的,两者择一的;beneficial有益的beneficent多多行善的childish幼稚的(ish的形容词后缀常带有贬义)childlike孩子般的,天真的classic一流的classical古典的clean干净的cleanly有干净习惯的Are cats cleanly animals?
comprehensible可以理解的comprehensive全面的,综合的;广泛的;能充分理解的,包容的confident有信心的,自信的confidential机密的,机要的considerable可以考虑的,相当的,相当多(大)的a considerable income/distance considerate(thoughtful)体谅的,体贴的周到的She is considerate to others.contemptible可卑的;可耻的a contemptible lie contemptuous表示轻视的a contemptuous look continual:连续的,断断续续的continual rain/noise continuous(going on without a break,an uninterrupted flow)连续不断的,不停的/continuous fight/work credible可信的,可靠的a credible witness credulous(too ready to believe thing)轻易相信的,易上当的He always cheats credulous people.creditable(that brings credit)可称赞的a creditable record/deed/effort incredible难以置信的incredulous不轻易相信人的comparable可比较的,有类似之处的comparative比较而言的,相当的/There is no scenery comparable to that of the West lake.没有地方的景色能与西湖的景色相媲美。
/He lived in comparative comfort recently.他最近生活得相当舒适。
desirable合意的,令人想要的desirous渴望的desired某人想要的disinterested公平的,公正的uninterested冷淡的,不感兴趣的distinct(clear)明显的,清晰的distinctive(characteristic)独特的,有区别的earthly人间的,尘世的earthy泥土似的elementary基本的elemental自然的economic经济的,经济学的economic policy/geography/crisis/economical(careful in the spending of money and time,not waste)经济的,节俭的;/an economical housewife/store(节俭的主妇或节约型商店)
effective有效果的efficient有效率的effectual奏效的ineffectual无效的electric:用电的,带电的,有电的electric current/cable electrical:relating to electricity,an idea of a less close connection with electricity与电有关的,电气的electronic engineering/apparatus电气工程学/电气设备exceptionable反对的exceptional非凡的;特殊的,例外的eternal永恒的,永远的,不灭的,没完没了的external外部的,外面的internal内部的,里面的exclusive排外的,孤高的,唯我独尊的;独占的,唯一的,独家的inclusive包括在内的,包含一切的fatal致命的fateful决定性的fleshly肉体的fleshy肥胖的forgettable可以忘记的,forgetful健忘的(常指人)healthy健康的healthful有易于健康的historic(famous in history)历史上著名的;(associated with past times)与过去时代有关的,比如a historic event/speech历史事件/历史演说historical(belong to history)历史上的/a historical people/novel/play/film/painting历史人物/小说/戏剧/电影/绘画homely家常的,丑的homelike像家的imaginable:可以想象得imaginable difficulties imaginary:想象中的,不真实的an imaginary figure imaginative:有想象力的,运用想象力的an imaginative writer impractical不切合实际的impracticable无法使用的implicit暗含的,不清楚的explicit明显的,清楚地industrial工业的the industrial revolution/products/system industrious=hard-working, diligent勤奋的,刻苦的industrious people ingenious有独创性的;机灵的;精制的;具有创造才能ingenuous直率的,天真的intelligent有才智的,聪明的an intelligent looking girl intelligent answer intelligible易了解的,易领悟的an intelligible speech/explanation intellectual知识的,智力的tense紧张的intense强烈的,剧烈的,高度的intense heat炽热/pain an intense lady热情的女子intensive精深的,集中的intensive reading/study彻底研究/agriculture密集农业extensive广泛的inborn天生的inherent固有的,内在的innate天生的intrinsic内在的,根本的instinctive本能的kind慈善地kindly友好的,亲切的
likely可能的likable可爱的liberal自由的literal文字的,照字面上的,真的literate
识字的,有文化的illiterate不识字的,文盲的literary文学的manly男人气派的male 男的masculine男性的memorable值得记忆的,不能忘却的memorial纪念的;momentary瞬时的,短时的momentous重大的movable可移动的,变动的mobile可动的,活动地;移动的;mobile phones移动电话mysterious神秘的mystical奥妙的miraculous奇迹般的negligent忽视的,粗心大意的negligible可忽视的notable著名的(指事)noted著名的(指人)notorious臭名昭著的official官方的officious多管闲事的politic精明的political政治的potent强有力的potential潜在的,可能的practical实际的practicable可行的,通行的regretful遗憾的,一般用人做主语)regrettable遗憾的(指事)relevant相关的,相近的relative相对的respectable(deserving respect)值得尊敬的,有名望的a respectable man/profession respectful(showing respect)尊敬人的,有礼貌的,He is always respectful to the elders. respective(belongs to each of these)分别的,各自的They sat on their respective chairs. rigorous严格的,严厉的,严酷的,严峻的vigorous精力充沛的,精神抖擞的seasonable及时的seasonal季节的sensible(reasonable,having good sense)实用的,明智的/a sensible woman/idea/豁达的妇女/明知的观点;sensible clothes实用的衣服sensitive(quick to receive impression)敏感的a sensitive skin sensitive paper感光纸sensational轰动一时的,耸人听闻的sensual感官的skillful熟练的skilled需要技能的social社会的sociable善社交的,社交能力强的spiritual精神的spirituous酒精的tortuous弯曲的torturous受刑的transitory短时间的(指事)transient瞬时的(指人) temporal一时的,暂时的,世俗的。