新编英语语法课程
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together with neither proper punctuation nor proper conjunction.
E.g. Run-on: She put on her bathing cap then she plunged into the water.
Revised: ……. . Then….
Fra Baidu bibliotek
Or-group coordinators: or, either…or…
在否定句中，一般用 or 不用 and 连接同等成分。Or 一 般不表示所择关系：
He has no money or food. = He has neither money nor food. I didn’t find him clever or good-looking. = I found him neither clever nor…. A sheep was not moving about or eating grass like the
He doesn’t have long hair and wear jeans. = 1) 同上。 2) Either he doesn’t have long hair OR he
doesn’t wear jeans.要么…要么… She can’t sing or dance.=She…and she…. She …………..and…….=1)…. 2) Either she can’t sing or she can’t dance.
b, The colon coordinates by amplification, with
conjunct like accordingly,
furthermore, however,
nevertheless, therefore, hence , etc.
c, The semicolon coordinates by contrast.
And 连接两个相同名词表“不同类型”的概念， 且常有“有好的，也有坏的”的含义：
There are teachers and teachers. You can find doctors and doctors. There are translations and translations. There are women and women.
And 连接的分句表主从意义。第一分句是第二分句的条件或时间：
Go by train and you’ll get there quicker. = If you go… One more effort, and you’ll succeed. = If you make…
One more boot, and I’ll have a pair.
time and some of the people all of the time, but you can’t fool all of the people
all of the time. ----- Abraham Lincoln
Coordinating devices
1, Punctuation marks
C.f. Don’t drink or drive.= Don’t drink and don’t drive.
有时用 and 表示部分否定，即否定其中一 个，通常是否定后者：
He is not a and a writer.月 他是教师，不是作家。 He didn’t speak clearly and correctly. 他讲得清楚，但不正确。
2, Coordinators
1) And-group:
and, both…and, not only…but (also), not…nor, neither…nor, etc.
To make the series move slowly and seem lengthy and drawn-out, we repeat the coordinator all through the series, eliminating the commas.
真讨厌，谁拿了我的字典？
And that (而且) 用来补充说明前面的内容 以加强语气。其中 that 代替上文中某个词、 短语或句子，以避免重复。有时只用and:
Return to your work, and that at once.
回去干活，马上去！
He will come, and that soon.
A NEW ENGLISH GRAMMAR
COURSEBOOK 新编英语语法教程
Lecture 30 Coordination了
A coordinate construction is a sequence of semantically-related grammatical units that are similar in a form, equal in rank of
如并列分句均为祈使句，第一句仍可表条件，第二句表结果：
Surrender and live; resist and die. = If you surrender, you’ll live; … Don’t drink and drive. = If you don’t drink, you can drive. Or: If you drink, you can’t drive. 不许酒后开车。
He is good and hungry. (very, extremely.)
You’re all nice and hardworking.
Keep it sweet and short.
And前的修饰后面的，表示程度,限于少数表性 质和程度的形容词和副词。最典型的是 nice and good.还有：
others.
有一只羊的行动和(？或)吃草的样子跟别的羊不一样。
Spiders never do the least harm to us or our belongs.
蜘蛛从不危害我们，也(？或)不危害我们的财物。
But-group coordinators:
a, The comma .If we want to make the series more rapid so as to create a suggestion of urgency and excitement, we can use commas all through the series, eliminating the coordinator.
……而且马上就来。
表示并列成分都被否定时，在 not , nothing , without , never 等后宜用 or, 不用 and, 因为 and 连接的并列成分在否定词后有歧义：
He doesn’t have long hair or wear jeans.= He …and he doesn’t wear….
structure, identical in function and are connected by coordinators.
E.g. I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. (---- Winston Churchill)
Faulty: You don’t speak fluently, you should practise more.
Revised: 1,…..;…..
2, ….so….
3,…. . …..
Run-on Sentences: Run-on sentences are sentences which run
但如重复两次，则表“众多”:
We saw dogs and dogs and dogs all over the place.
两个或两个以上的简单句关系如不很紧密， 并列连词可引导单独一个句子：
You’re alive! And she’s dead.
I’m sorry to trouble you. But can you direct me to the nearest post office?
Saying good-bye to the world she knows and loves, Paris heads west, to San Francisco, and discovers being single in a world full of men who are too young, too old, too married, or too good to be true.
E.g. Customer: Can you give me a room and a bath?
Hotel clerk: I can give you a room, but you have to take your
own bath, sir.
Grammatical constructions like “nice and…, good and…, go and…,” seem to be, but actually are not , coordinate constructions:
You can fool all of the people some of the time . You can fool some of the people all of the time. You can’t fool all of
the people all of the time.
You can fool all of the people some of the
I didn’t like the speech, but at least it was nice and short.
这种结构第二个形容词在名词前作定时,and往往可以省略
I prefer good black coffee…. 浓浓的咖啡。
You scold me so much in the nice long letter. … 长长的信。
Fine, rare, sweet, bright, big, clear, lovely, pure, well 等：
ISt’hseraisrebaignadnhdobt uinssyid.卜e.
I shall go into business bright and early in the morning.
口语中，and 与 be 或 go 的完成体搭配表示说 话人对另一人所做某蠢事感到恼怒或埋怨：
That idiot Antonio has gone and locked our door. …这个笨蛋，竟把我们的门锁了。
You’ve gone and waked him. He’s so tired. 你怎么把他弄醒了！他可累坏了。 You’ve been and bought such a pair of shoes. 你怎么买了这么一双鞋！ Who’s been and taken my dictionary?
In addition to semantic extension, and can denote other meanings, such as temporal sequence, result, condition, contrast, and it can also function as an attitudinal disjunct. (p.548)
E.g. Run-on: She put on her bathing cap then she plunged into the water.
Revised: ……. . Then….
Fra Baidu bibliotek
Or-group coordinators: or, either…or…
在否定句中，一般用 or 不用 and 连接同等成分。Or 一 般不表示所择关系：
He has no money or food. = He has neither money nor food. I didn’t find him clever or good-looking. = I found him neither clever nor…. A sheep was not moving about or eating grass like the
He doesn’t have long hair and wear jeans. = 1) 同上。 2) Either he doesn’t have long hair OR he
doesn’t wear jeans.要么…要么… She can’t sing or dance.=She…and she…. She …………..and…….=1)…. 2) Either she can’t sing or she can’t dance.
b, The colon coordinates by amplification, with
conjunct like accordingly,
furthermore, however,
nevertheless, therefore, hence , etc.
c, The semicolon coordinates by contrast.
And 连接两个相同名词表“不同类型”的概念， 且常有“有好的，也有坏的”的含义：
There are teachers and teachers. You can find doctors and doctors. There are translations and translations. There are women and women.
And 连接的分句表主从意义。第一分句是第二分句的条件或时间：
Go by train and you’ll get there quicker. = If you go… One more effort, and you’ll succeed. = If you make…
One more boot, and I’ll have a pair.
time and some of the people all of the time, but you can’t fool all of the people
all of the time. ----- Abraham Lincoln
Coordinating devices
1, Punctuation marks
C.f. Don’t drink or drive.= Don’t drink and don’t drive.
有时用 and 表示部分否定，即否定其中一 个，通常是否定后者：
He is not a and a writer.月 他是教师，不是作家。 He didn’t speak clearly and correctly. 他讲得清楚，但不正确。
2, Coordinators
1) And-group:
and, both…and, not only…but (also), not…nor, neither…nor, etc.
To make the series move slowly and seem lengthy and drawn-out, we repeat the coordinator all through the series, eliminating the commas.
真讨厌，谁拿了我的字典？
And that (而且) 用来补充说明前面的内容 以加强语气。其中 that 代替上文中某个词、 短语或句子，以避免重复。有时只用and:
Return to your work, and that at once.
回去干活，马上去！
He will come, and that soon.
A NEW ENGLISH GRAMMAR
COURSEBOOK 新编英语语法教程
Lecture 30 Coordination了
A coordinate construction is a sequence of semantically-related grammatical units that are similar in a form, equal in rank of
如并列分句均为祈使句，第一句仍可表条件，第二句表结果：
Surrender and live; resist and die. = If you surrender, you’ll live; … Don’t drink and drive. = If you don’t drink, you can drive. Or: If you drink, you can’t drive. 不许酒后开车。
He is good and hungry. (very, extremely.)
You’re all nice and hardworking.
Keep it sweet and short.
And前的修饰后面的，表示程度,限于少数表性 质和程度的形容词和副词。最典型的是 nice and good.还有：
others.
有一只羊的行动和(？或)吃草的样子跟别的羊不一样。
Spiders never do the least harm to us or our belongs.
蜘蛛从不危害我们，也(？或)不危害我们的财物。
But-group coordinators:
a, The comma .If we want to make the series more rapid so as to create a suggestion of urgency and excitement, we can use commas all through the series, eliminating the coordinator.
……而且马上就来。
表示并列成分都被否定时，在 not , nothing , without , never 等后宜用 or, 不用 and, 因为 and 连接的并列成分在否定词后有歧义：
He doesn’t have long hair or wear jeans.= He …and he doesn’t wear….
structure, identical in function and are connected by coordinators.
E.g. I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. (---- Winston Churchill)
Faulty: You don’t speak fluently, you should practise more.
Revised: 1,…..;…..
2, ….so….
3,…. . …..
Run-on Sentences: Run-on sentences are sentences which run
但如重复两次，则表“众多”:
We saw dogs and dogs and dogs all over the place.
两个或两个以上的简单句关系如不很紧密， 并列连词可引导单独一个句子：
You’re alive! And she’s dead.
I’m sorry to trouble you. But can you direct me to the nearest post office?
Saying good-bye to the world she knows and loves, Paris heads west, to San Francisco, and discovers being single in a world full of men who are too young, too old, too married, or too good to be true.
E.g. Customer: Can you give me a room and a bath?
Hotel clerk: I can give you a room, but you have to take your
own bath, sir.
Grammatical constructions like “nice and…, good and…, go and…,” seem to be, but actually are not , coordinate constructions:
You can fool all of the people some of the time . You can fool some of the people all of the time. You can’t fool all of
the people all of the time.
You can fool all of the people some of the
I didn’t like the speech, but at least it was nice and short.
这种结构第二个形容词在名词前作定时,and往往可以省略
I prefer good black coffee…. 浓浓的咖啡。
You scold me so much in the nice long letter. … 长长的信。
Fine, rare, sweet, bright, big, clear, lovely, pure, well 等：
ISt’hseraisrebaignadnhdobt uinssyid.卜e.
I shall go into business bright and early in the morning.
口语中，and 与 be 或 go 的完成体搭配表示说 话人对另一人所做某蠢事感到恼怒或埋怨：
That idiot Antonio has gone and locked our door. …这个笨蛋，竟把我们的门锁了。
You’ve gone and waked him. He’s so tired. 你怎么把他弄醒了！他可累坏了。 You’ve been and bought such a pair of shoes. 你怎么买了这么一双鞋！ Who’s been and taken my dictionary?
In addition to semantic extension, and can denote other meanings, such as temporal sequence, result, condition, contrast, and it can also function as an attitudinal disjunct. (p.548)