高中情态动词(课堂PPT)
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19
can 的特殊用法
• can not .....too.....; • can not .....enough..... • “再怎么也不为过”
7
2.must +have done 表示对过去发生的事情作 出的肯定判断 e.g.他们在玩篮球， 他们一定完成了作业。 They are playing basketball, they must have finished their homework.
路是Biblioteka Baidu的.昨天晚上一定下雨了.
The road is wet. It must have rained last night.
e.g. Could /Can it have happened last night ?
It couldn’t/can’t have happened last
night.
10
must 的特殊用法
1.must用于肯定句中可表示“偏偏”。
Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter must go and do the opposite.
It can’t be Mary. She has fallen ill. 她不可能在说谎。
It can be hot in summer here.
16
2. can’t/couldn’t have done 对过去发生行为 的可能性进行推测: 刚才我还看见他了， 所以他不可能出国的。 I saw him just now so he couldn’t have gone abroad.
18
can 和 could 表示请求和许可
1.在疑问句中 could 比can 更有礼貌，在此不是 can的过去式。
e.g. Can you wait a moment please? Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the station? I wonder if you could help me. (请求)
e.g.— Must I finish all assignments at a time?
—Yes, you must.
No, you needn't.
You mustn’t get off while the car is still moving.
5
must表推测
1.must 表示推测时， 只能用于肯定句。 e.g.这个电脑肯定出了问题。 There must be something wrong with the computer.
自然地，在我交代女儿做什么之后，她偏偏要 做 相反的事情.
11
can/could表示推测
1. can /could 表示推测时，一般用在否定句 或疑问句中。用在肯定句中表示客观可能性
e.g. It’s so late. Can Tom be reading? Can it be Mr. Green? 这个人不可能是玛丽， 她生病了。
8
3.对现在或将来情况推测：must +动词原形 。
must只能用于肯定。否定和疑问分别用 can’t和can。
e.g. He must tell a lie.
Can he tell a lie ?
He can’t tell a lie.
*must-should/ought to –may-might/could+do
e.g. I don’t like this TV set. We must buy a new one.
There was no more bus. They had to walk home.
4
2.must用于一般问句中,肯定回答用must否 定式用 needn’t或don’t have to，做 “不必 ”,mustn’t表示“禁止，不允许”
可能性依次减弱
9
(对过去情况推测：must may, might+完成 时。)
e.g. You must have met him before.
must—may—might可能性依次减弱
must只能用于肯定句，译成“一定”。否定 和疑问分别用can’t / couldn’t和can / could。
Grammar
modal verbs
1
情态动词有一定的意义，但没有人称和数的 变化，不能独立使用，它和后面的动词构成 谓语．
只作情态动词的 can/could, may/might, ought to， must
可情态可实义的 need, dare/dared 可情态可助动词的 shall/should, will/would 相当于情态动词的 have to, used to
你努力学了一整天， 一定累了吧. You have worked hard all day. You must be tired.
6
1.must +be doing/do 表示对现在的动作进行 肯定推测 e.g.他现在一定在看小说.
He must be reading novels now. 他们买了一辆新车。 他们一定很有钱. They have bought a new car. They must have a lot of money.
2
can could may might shall should must will would 情态动词 ought to have to dare (daren’t) need (needn’t) used to
表示推测 不表示推测
3
must表示 “应该”
1.表示“必须”这个意思时，must 和 have to 稍有区别。must着重说明主观看 法，have to 强调客观需要。另外， have to 能用于更多时态。
门是锁着的， 所以她不可能在家。 The door was locked. She couldn’t have been at home.
17
3. could have done “本可以，本来可能已
经”用于肯定句中，表示对过去发生的事情 做出的判断（虚拟）. e.g.你本来可以考的更好。 You could have had a better mark.
can 的特殊用法
• can not .....too.....; • can not .....enough..... • “再怎么也不为过”
7
2.must +have done 表示对过去发生的事情作 出的肯定判断 e.g.他们在玩篮球， 他们一定完成了作业。 They are playing basketball, they must have finished their homework.
路是Biblioteka Baidu的.昨天晚上一定下雨了.
The road is wet. It must have rained last night.
e.g. Could /Can it have happened last night ?
It couldn’t/can’t have happened last
night.
10
must 的特殊用法
1.must用于肯定句中可表示“偏偏”。
Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter must go and do the opposite.
It can’t be Mary. She has fallen ill. 她不可能在说谎。
It can be hot in summer here.
16
2. can’t/couldn’t have done 对过去发生行为 的可能性进行推测: 刚才我还看见他了， 所以他不可能出国的。 I saw him just now so he couldn’t have gone abroad.
18
can 和 could 表示请求和许可
1.在疑问句中 could 比can 更有礼貌，在此不是 can的过去式。
e.g. Can you wait a moment please? Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the station? I wonder if you could help me. (请求)
e.g.— Must I finish all assignments at a time?
—Yes, you must.
No, you needn't.
You mustn’t get off while the car is still moving.
5
must表推测
1.must 表示推测时， 只能用于肯定句。 e.g.这个电脑肯定出了问题。 There must be something wrong with the computer.
自然地，在我交代女儿做什么之后，她偏偏要 做 相反的事情.
11
can/could表示推测
1. can /could 表示推测时，一般用在否定句 或疑问句中。用在肯定句中表示客观可能性
e.g. It’s so late. Can Tom be reading? Can it be Mr. Green? 这个人不可能是玛丽， 她生病了。
8
3.对现在或将来情况推测：must +动词原形 。
must只能用于肯定。否定和疑问分别用 can’t和can。
e.g. He must tell a lie.
Can he tell a lie ?
He can’t tell a lie.
*must-should/ought to –may-might/could+do
e.g. I don’t like this TV set. We must buy a new one.
There was no more bus. They had to walk home.
4
2.must用于一般问句中,肯定回答用must否 定式用 needn’t或don’t have to，做 “不必 ”,mustn’t表示“禁止，不允许”
可能性依次减弱
9
(对过去情况推测：must may, might+完成 时。)
e.g. You must have met him before.
must—may—might可能性依次减弱
must只能用于肯定句，译成“一定”。否定 和疑问分别用can’t / couldn’t和can / could。
Grammar
modal verbs
1
情态动词有一定的意义，但没有人称和数的 变化，不能独立使用，它和后面的动词构成 谓语．
只作情态动词的 can/could, may/might, ought to， must
可情态可实义的 need, dare/dared 可情态可助动词的 shall/should, will/would 相当于情态动词的 have to, used to
你努力学了一整天， 一定累了吧. You have worked hard all day. You must be tired.
6
1.must +be doing/do 表示对现在的动作进行 肯定推测 e.g.他现在一定在看小说.
He must be reading novels now. 他们买了一辆新车。 他们一定很有钱. They have bought a new car. They must have a lot of money.
2
can could may might shall should must will would 情态动词 ought to have to dare (daren’t) need (needn’t) used to
表示推测 不表示推测
3
must表示 “应该”
1.表示“必须”这个意思时，must 和 have to 稍有区别。must着重说明主观看 法，have to 强调客观需要。另外， have to 能用于更多时态。
门是锁着的， 所以她不可能在家。 The door was locked. She couldn’t have been at home.
17
3. could have done “本可以，本来可能已
经”用于肯定句中，表示对过去发生的事情 做出的判断（虚拟）. e.g.你本来可以考的更好。 You could have had a better mark.