专八听力真题及复习资料

TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2006)2006年专业八级听力真题及答案PARTI LISTENING COMPREHESIONSectio n A Mi ni-lectureMeaning ii I.ik nitnrcIn reading iitt?ran r wurk< e ai*e cone 已宦己山 with the '"meaning (ine litwrarv 卩叱ce ar another. Ikiwevec,finding nut what some thing really moans is u difiicuit issue.There ire ihnee ways to tsickle meaning in literature.L Mi'iining is lvtiat k intended by (1) _______ +Apart from reading an authors working m qucstioiu readers need to1) read (2) ____ by tfc samt author, 2) get familiar wnli (3) ____ 曲 rhe rime. 3) 岸et 讪 know culmr.J waluys. and symbok ufthe linuL IL Aleanin^ exists Hn r thv text itself.1) some people's view meaning is produced by the foimal propertiesof die text Iikje44) __ .etc. 2) speaker's 祈网 meaning 址 created by both converrioris of meaningmd(5> . I hereiorb, agreement i )n meaning COLE I d be created by CAJinnLimmiditions und conventions of usa^e. But dififerem timeperieds &iiiHeTent(6| _____ perspeclivtw could lent! toJiHerent interpreiatioi^ of meaninu in ccmkxt.1IL Meaning is created bv(7) , 1》meaning is(8) ____ - 2) meaning is conicstual3) meaning rei]iiires (9) ___ . —PriiuticiFi 吕 <xjni 卩弋ttjn 巧：in rcLidin^一jwatticiny oth?r cwnipctcnti^—l )tickgruimd re^dich in (ID] ____ ,etc. Sectio n B In terviewIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questi ons that follow. Mark the correct an swer to each questi on on your coloured an swer sheet.Questio ns 1 to 5 are based on an in terview. At the end of the in terview you will be give n 10 sec onds to an swer each of the followi ng five questi ons. Now liste n to the in terview.1. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Miss Green' s university days?A. She felt bored.B. She felt Ion ely.C. She cherished them.D. The subject was easy. 2. Which of the followi ng is NOT part of her job with the Departme nt of Employme nt?A. Doing surveys at workplace.B. Analyzing survey results.(1) ___________ (2) ___________ ⑶ ______________(4) _____________ ⑸ ⑹ _____________ ⑺ _____________ ⑻ _____________ ⑼ _____________ (10) _____________C. Designing questionnaires.D. Taking a psychology course.3. According to Miss Green, the main difference between the Department of Employment and the advertising agency lies inA. the nature of work.B. office decoration.C. office location.D. work procedures.4. Why did Miss green want to leave the advertising agency?A. She felt unhappy inside the company.B. She felt work there too demanding.C. She was denied promotion in the company.D. She longed for new opportunities.5. How did Miss Green react to a heavier workload in the new job?A. She was willing and ready.B. She sounded mildly eager.C. She a bit surprised.D. She sounded very reluctant.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Questions 6 and 7 based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions. Now listen to the news.6. The man stole the aircraft mainly because he wanted toA. destroy the European Central Bank.B. have an interview with a TV station.C. circle skyscrapers in downtown Frankfurt.D. remember the death of a US astronaut.7. Which of the following statements about the man is TRUE?A. He was a 31-year-old student from Frankfurt.B. He was piloting a two-seat helicopter he had stolen.C. He had talked to air traffic controllers by radio.D. He threatened to land on the European Central Bank.Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.8. The news is mainlyabout the city government ' s plan toA. expand and improve the existing subway system.B. build underground malls and parking lots.C. prevent further land subsidence.D. promote adva need tech no logy.Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions. Now listen to the news.9. According to the news, what makes this credit card different from conventional ones isA. that it can hear the owner ' s voice.B. that it can remember a password.C. that it can identify the owner ' s voice.D. that it can remember the owner ' s PIN.10. The newly developed credit card is said to said to have all the following EXCEPTA. switch.B. battery.C. speaker.D. built-in chip.听力原文Part 1, Listening ComprehensionSECTION A MINI-LECTUREGood morning! In today's lecture we shall discuss what meaning is in literary, works. Whenwe read no vels, poems, etc. , we in variably ask ourselves a questi on — that is, what does thewriter mean here? In other words, we are in terested in finding out the meaning. But meaning is a difficult issue in literature. How do we know what a work of literature is supposed to mean or what its real meaning is? I'd like to discuss three ways to explain what meaning is.No. 1, meaning is what is inten ded by the author. ( Q1)No. 2, meaning is created by and contained in the text itself.And No. 3 , meaning is created by the reader.Now, let's take a look at the first approach —that is, meaning is what is inten ded by theauthor. Does a work of literature mean what the author intended to mean? And if so, how canwe tell? If all the evidenee we have is the text itself and nothing else, we can only guess whatideas the author had accord ing to our un dersta nding of literature and world. In order to havea better idea of what one par? ticular author means in one of his works; I suggest that you do the followi ng: First, go to the library and read other works by the same author. ( Q2)Second get to know someth ing about what sort of meanings seem to be com mon in literary works in that particular tradition and .at that time. In other words, we need to find out what the literary trends were in those days. ( Q3)And last, get to know what were the cultural values and symbols of the time. I guess you can un dersta nd the author's meaning much more clearly after you do the related backgro und research.Now, let's move on to the sec ond approach to meaning —that is, meaning is created by andcon? tained in the text itself. Does the meaning exist in the text? Some scholars argue that the formal prop? erties of the text like grammar, diction, uses of image and so on and so forth, contain and produce the meaning, ( Q4) so that any educated or compete nt reader will inevitably come to more or less the same interpretation as any other. As. far as I am concern ed, the meaning is not only to be found in the literary traditi ons and grammatical conven tio ns of meaning but also in the cultural codes which have bee n han ded dow n from gen erati on to gen erati on. ( Q5) So whe n we and other readers, in clu? ding the author as well,are said to come up with similar in terpretati ons. That ki nd of agreeme nt could be created by com mon traditi ons and conven ti ons of usage, practice and in terpretati on. In other words, we have some kind of shared bases for the same in terpretati on, but that does not mean that readers agree on the meaning all the time. In differe nt time periods, with differe nt cultural perspec? tives, in cludi ng class, belief and world view, readers, I mean compete nt readers, can arrive at dif? ferent in terpretati ons of tdxts: ( Q6) So meaning in the text is determ ined by how readers see it. It is not contained in the text in a fixed way.Now, the third approach to meaning —that is, meaning is created by the reader. ( Q7) Doesthe mea ning the n exist in the reader's resp on se? In a sen se, this is in escapable. Meaningexists only in so far as it means to some one , and literary works are writte n in order to evokesets of responses in the reader. This leads us to consider three essential issues.The first is ——meaning is social ——(Q8) that is, la nguage and conven ti ons work only a sharedmeaning and our way of viewing the world can exist only a shared or sharable. Similarly, when we read a text, we are participating in social or cultural meaning, so a response to a piece of literary work is not merely an in dividual thing but is part of culture and history.Second, meaning is con textual. If you cha nge the con text, you ofte n cha nge the meaning.And last, meaning requires reader compete ncy. ( Q9) Texts con structed as literature have their own ways of expressi ons or sometimes we say styles. And the more we know of them, the more we can un dersta nd the text. Con seque ntly, there is in regard to the questi on of meaning; the matter of reader competency as it is called the experience and knowledge of comprehe nding literary texts. Your professors might i nsist that you practice and improve compete ncy in read ing and they might also in sist that you in terpret meaning in the con text of the whole work. But you may have to lear n other compe? ten cies too. For in sta nce, inreading Mulk Raj Anand's The Untouchables' you might have to learn what the social structure of India was like at that time, what traditions of writing were in practice in India in the early 1930s, what political, cultural and pers onal in flue nces Mulk Raj Anand came un? der whe n con struct ing the imag in ative world of the short no vel. ( Q10) Ok , you may see that this i? dea that meaning requires compete ncy in readi ng in fact brings us back to the historically situated un?dersta ndings of an author and his works as we men ti oned earlier inthis lecture, to differe nt conven? tions and ways of readi ng and writi ng and to the point thatmeaning requires a negotiation between cultural meanings across time, culture, class, etc.As readers, you have in fact acquired a good deal of compete ncy already but you shouldacquire more. The esse ntial point of this lecture is that mean? ing in literature is aphe nomenon that is not easily located, that meaning is historical, social and de? rived fromthe traditi ons of readi ng and thinking and un dersta nding of the world that you are educated about. Thank you for your atte nti on!SECTION B INTERVIEWIn terviewer: Well, I see from your resume , Miss Gree n, that you studied at the uni versity college. How did you find there?Miss Gree n: I had a great time. The teach ing there was good and I made a lot of frien ds. The psy? chology department was a great place to be. ( Q1)In terviewer: How come you chose psychology?Miss Gree n: Well, at first I did n't have any clear idea of what I wan ted to do after uni versity.I guess I've just always bee n in terested in people and the way they act. I wan ted to know why people thi nk and act the way they do. It's a fasci nat ing area.In terviewer: And what was the course like?.Miss Gree n: Good. The teachers were all really nice and they had the special approach to teach ing. You know they did n't just give us lectures and tell us to read books like they might do in some more traditional places. The whole course was based on the problem-solving ap? proach. You know they described a pai-ticular situation to us and we discuss what might happe n. And after that we do some readi ng and see if it con firmed our own ideas. That's what I liked best —the really practical orie ntatio n of the course. I lear nt very wellwith that style.So for me, it was just great. ( Q1)In terviewer: I see from your resume that you graduated about four years ago and after that... let me see...Miss Gree n:l got a job with the Departme nt of Employme nt. It was only a temporary thi ng for about five mon ths. I was a researcher in the departme nt. We desig n a survey, go out to the factories, and ask all the questions to the workers and the management , then go back to theoffice, analyze all the data and produce a report. ( Q2) It was quite interesting and I guessed the psychology course atcollege helped me a lot.In terviewer:A nd after that you worked for three years in an Advertis ing Age ncy. That mustbe a bit of cha nge from the Departme nt of Employme nt, was n't it?Miss Gree n: Well, not really. I supposed the office furnishings were a bit more sophisticated,but the work was quite, similar. I was basically still doing the same thing — desig ningques? tionnaires, going out, asking questions and writing reports. The only differenee wasthat this time I was n't ask ing people about their work. I was ask ing them what kind ofsham? poo they bought and if they preferred brand X to brand Y. ( Q3) Then I make up are? port and the agency would use the information in the advertising campaigns. I enjoyed my work a lot.In terviewer: So why did you decide to leave?Miss Green :.Three years is a long time to be asking people those sorts of questions about shampoo and drinks. No. Seriously , after two years I was in charge of the research departme nt of the age ncy and」had one assista nt researcher.I guess after two years of doing that, I sup? pose I felt, you kno w, I can do this well. And now I want to do someth ing else that's a little differe nt. And there was no where for me to go in side the compa ny. It just was n't challe nging for me any more and because I n eeded a challe nge, I decided to move on.(Q4) When I heard about the positi on of senior researcher here, I thought that's exactlywhat I want —the cha nee to comb ine my man ageme nt skills and my research in terests working in a much larger department with more varied work.In terviewer: And you felt that the job descripti on and our advertiseme nt would offer you thekind of challe nge you're look ing for?Miss Gree n:Exactly. Yes. As I said, man ageme nt in a larger orga ni zati on and researchcomb in ed. Also to be hon est with you, I heard about the job before it was advertised. A friend of mine, who works here, Mark Austen, told me a few weeks ago that you were looking for some one to take over the job. He described the positi on to me in quite a bit of detail. And I thought, "Well, , that's exactly what I'm looking for. " So really I'd written my let?applicati on before the job was even advertised. In terviewer: I should tell you that with the prese nt cutbacks, we've only got one full-timeadm ini ster assista nt in the sect ion. How would you feel about doing your own word process ing, photocopy ing, that sort of thi ng?Miss Gree n: Oh, I'm used to that. I've done all my own word process ing for ages. It's the only way towrite really , is n't it? I can type well about 60 words a mi nute. I did a secretarial course after I leftschool, so I learnt typing in short hand. Then a few years later, I bought a PC and I lear nt how to doword process ing, too. ( Q5 )In terviewer: Well , that's han dy. Now in the positi on you've applied for , you'd have five to six assis?tant researchers responsible to you. That's considerably more responsibility than you've had before. Soyou're obviously ambitious. And as you said, you like challe nge. I was wondering what you see yourselfdoing in, say, five or ten years on the track.Miss Green:Oh, that is a difficult question. Let me try to answer your question in this way.I'm-par? ticularly interested in experimental design and also in teaching. I'd like to continuethe orga ni zati on and pla nning site of research, but do some teach ing, too. I know that you havelecturers here who do just that sort of thi ng — some practical worker and someun? dergraduate and postgraduate teaching. So that's what I really be aiming for lec? turer here as well.( Q5 ) In terviewer: Well, that is certa inly a career path that we'd en courage you to follow. But of course it might be n ecessary to upgrade your prese nt qualificati ons first. I see from your resume that you've enrolled in an M. A. in experimental psychology. Could you tell me a bit about the courses you're pla nning to fake?ter of—to be aSECTION C NEWS BROADCASTNews Item 1 (for questions 6 and 7)A man stole a small aircraft at gunpoint Sun day and flew it over dow ntow n Fran kfurt, circli ng skyscrapets and threate ning tp crash into the Europea n Cen tral Bank. He Ian ded safely after abouttwo hours and was arrested.The man told a televisi on statio n he wan ted to call atte nti on to Judith Resnik, a U. S. astr on autkilled in the 1986 post-lau nch explosi on of the space shuttle Challe nger. ( Q6) Military jets chased the stolen , two-seat motorized glider as the man began circling slowly aboveFran kfurt's banking dis? trict. Thousa nds of people were evacuated from the mai n railwaystatio n, two opera houses and sever? al skyscrapers. Police ide ntified the man as a31-year-old Germa n stude nt from Darmstadt, a city about 25 miles south of Fran kfurt. In radio con tact with air traffic con trollers , the man threate ned to crash into the. Europea n Cen tral Bank headquarters uni ess he was allowed the TV in terview as well as a call to Baltimore. ( Q7 ) He later said he wan ted to commit suicide by plunging the pla ne into the Maine River. It was unclear if the man was forced to land or talked down. Air trafficcon trollers and a police psychologist had bee n in con tact with him.News Item 2 (for questio n 8)Shan ghai pla ns to build a vast un dergro und n etwork of malls , restaura nts and park ing lots to make up for a lack of space above ground accord ing to a recent gover nment report. ( Q8 )The developme nt will cover 600,000 square meters , the equivale nt of 120 soccer fields, spread across four un dergr ound floors, the city gover nment reported on its website. The city is accepting bids from builders. Shanghai has about 20 million people , plus factories , office towers and high-rise apartments , crowded into a small triangular territory near the mouth of the Yan gtze River. The pla ns called for the project due to be fini shed by 2006 to expa nd exist ing facilities scattered along Shan ghai subway system. The project will n eed adva need tech no logy to supply fresh air and en sure safety.But the biggest concern is the stability off the soil un der the city. Shan ghai is sinking by 1.5 cen timeters a year. Lands subside nee has bee n aggravated by over-pump ing ofun dergro und water and the con struct ion of thousa nds of high-rise buildi ngs. Shan ghai's foundations are built on soft soil. So building multi-storey spaces underground would be like diggi ng holes in the piece of bea n curd, the gover nment report says. The difficulties are easy to see.News Item 3 (for questi ons 9 and 10)A credit card that only works whe n it hears its own er's voice has bee n developed by USscien? tists. Researchers hope that the device, which comes with a built-in voice recognition chip and mi? croph one will be a weap on in the battle aga inst credit card fraud. ( Q9) Even ifthieves know a card's password and personal identification number, they will still have to copy the own er's voice accurate? ly. The trial card was created by scie ntists at B Card inCalifornia, US. The first vers ion is 3 times as thick as a no rmal credit card, but researchers believe smaller chips will allow the card to slim dow n to a more conven ti onal size. The card is appare ntly the first to put a voice recog niti on chip, 'a micro? phone speaker and battery into a creditcard. ( Q10) To use the card, the owner first presses a but?prompt: say your password. If the password is correct and spoke n by the right per? card emits an identification signal which is processed by a computer connected to the ton and hears theson, theIn ter? n et. Researchers hope to get the card to han dle ten tran sact ions per day for two years before its non- replaceable battery runs out.参考答案：Sectio n A Mi ni-lecture1.the author2.other works3.literary trends4. grammar,diction or uses of image5. cultural codes6. cultural7. the reader8. social9. reader compete ncy10. social sructure,traditi ons of writi ng or political cultural in flue nces,etc.Sectio n B In terview1-5 CDDDASectio n C News Broadcast6-10 DCBCA。