选修7_Unit_2_Robot[Grammar]

9．含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态 动词＋be＋done”构成。 情态动词＋do
情态动词＋be done You must hand in your compositions after class. Your compositions must be handed in after class.
11.复合宾语的被动结构 将宾语变为被动句的主语，而保留宾语 补足语不动。（此时宾补变为主补） We elected him our monitor.
=He was elected our monitor.
12.不定式的被动语态 一般式: to be done
完成式： to have been done
7．现在完成时 has/have done
has/have been done
Someone has told me the sports meet might be put off. I have been told the sports meet might be put off.
8．过去完成时 had done
3．在句型： sth.+ be＋adj.＋（for sb.) to do中 The text is hard to understand. The box is heavy to carry.
4.动词 need, require, want, 和be worth后 加 v-ing的主动形式表被动意义。 My watch doesn't work; it needs repairing. The book is worth reading a second time.
2．一般过去时 did was/were done They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month. The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.
3．一般将来时 will do will be done They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea.
need/ require/want doing
=need /require/want to be done
My watch doesn't work; it needs repairing. =it needs to be repaired.
金牌学案
◆人教版•英语•选修7◆
（12天津） The letters for the boss______ on his desk but he didn't read them until three days later. A. were put B. was put C. put D. has put (12四川） They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house______. A. is being rebuilt B. has been rebuilt C. is rebuilt D. has rebuilt
5．现在进行时 am/is/are doing
am/is/are being done
The radio is broadcasting English lessons. English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.
6．过去进行时 was/were doing was/were being done They didn’t drive there on time because the workers were mending the road. They didn’t drive there on time because the road was being mended.
B
D
C
ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
6．—What do you think of this kind of TV set，which ____ in Shanghai? —Well，I don’t care such things. A.was made B.is made C.has been made D.had been made
The book is said to be published soon.
The book is said to have been published.
12.现在分词的被动语态 一般式: being done
完成式： having been done
The building being repaired is our library. Having been invited, Mr. Li went there to give a speech.
Grammar
被动语态
一、语态分类
主动语态: 表示主语是动作的执行者.
语态 被动语态: 表示主语是动作的承受者。
注意：
汉语中常用“被”、“给”、 “由”、“受”等词来表示被动，而英 语用助动词“be ＋ 及物动词的过去分词” 构成被动语态。
They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)
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一、单项填空 1．He will stop showing off，if no notice ______ of him. A．is taken B．will be taken C．takes D．has taken 2．—It is said that another new car factory____ now. —Yeah. It______ one and a half years. A．is building；takes B．is being built；will take C．is built；will take D．is being built；takes
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金牌学案
◆人教版•英语•选修7◆
(11陕西） It is reported that many a new house _______ at present in the disaster area. A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built
3．由于某种原因（如为了礼貌、婉转 的等） 而使用被动语态。 You are expected to finish it in time.
三、被动语态常用的八种时态
（以do为例）
1．一般现在时
do/does am/is/are done
The school doesn’t allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
10.含有双宾语的被动结构 根据需要将其中一个宾语变为被动句的 主语，另一个保留不动。后跟双宾语动 词有give, buy, lend, hand, pass, leave, show,offer, bring等。
We gave him the letter.
=He was given the letter by us. =The letter was given to him by us.
4．过去将来时 would be done would do The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.
had been done
When I got to the theatre，I found they had already sold out the tickets. When I got to the theatre，I found the tickets had already been sold out.
四、主动表被动的几种情况
1．有些动词既是及物动词又是不及 物动词，当它们和well，badly，easily等 副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能， 是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不 用被动语态，常见的有：write，read， clean，sell，wash，cook 等。如：
The cloth washes easily.
The new product sells well.
The pen writes smoothly.
2．感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被 动意义，如：feel，look，seem，taste， sound，remain等。 ①—Do you like the material? —Yes，it feels very soft. 误：It is felt very soft. ②The food tastes delicious. 误：The food is tasted delicious. ③The pop music sounds beautiful. 误：The pop music is sounded beautiful.
A
B
3．I’ve finally finished my paper and it ________ me an entire month. A．takes B．took C．was taken D．had taken 4．The traffic in our city is already good and it ______even better. A.gets B.Got C.has got D.is getting 5. I know Mr.Brown；we to each other at an international conference. A．are introduced B．have been introduced C．were introduced D．had been introduced
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金牌学案
◆人教版•英语•选修7◆
(12湖南） Don't worry. The hard work that you do now_______ later in life. A. will be repaid B. was being repaid C. has been repaid D. was repaid (12 陕西） --Can I call you back at two o'clock this afternoon? --I'm sorry, but by then I _____ to beijing. How about five. A. fly B. will fly C. will be flying D. am flying
二、被动语态的使用
1．当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执 行者时，常用被动语态。 Mr. White，the cup was broken. 2．突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需 要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。 These records were made by John Denver. The cup was broken by Paul.