历年专八翻译真题【英译汉】

历年专八翻译真题

1997年:English to Chinese

Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are

inevitably the province（范围） of the rich unless we abdicate（退位、放弃）society’s power of choice. We c an choose to make opera and other expensive forms of culture accessible（易接近的，可达到的） to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? No body

denies the imperatives（必要的）of food shelter defence health and

education. But even in a prehistoric cave man-kind stretched out a hand

of not just to eat drink or fight but also to draw. The impulse（冲动）towards culture the desire to express and explore the world through

imagination and representation（表述、陈述）is fundamental. In Europe this desire has found fulfillment（完成、成就） in the masterpieces of our music art literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones（标准、试金石） for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the

possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire（立志、追求目标、渴望）; they carry the most profound （深厚的、深刻的）messages that can be sent from one human to another.

【参考答案】 English to Chinese

译文1：

欣赏歌剧是一种奢侈：你必须为此支付昂贵的票价。然而，享用昂贵的东西并不

完全是富人的特权，除非我们放弃社会选择的权利。我们有权利使歌剧和其他昂

贵的文化形式面向大众，面向那些个人没有支付能力的人。然而，问题是我们为

什么要这么做。没有人会否认食物、居所、防护、健康与教育是不可或缺的。但

是，即使在史前的穴居时代，人们伸出手来，也不仅仅是为了吃喝，为了搏杀，

而且还有一个目的，那就是动手作画。人们对文化的冲动，即人们希望通过想象

和再现来表现并探索这个世界的愿望，才是最根本的。在欧洲，人们通过音乐、

美术、文学和戏剧等方面的不朽作品的创作，实现了这一愿望。这些杰作是衡量

人类努力程度的试金石，是检验人类思维和想象潜能的标准，它们有着最深厚的

寓意，并在人们彼此之间传播。

译文2：

欣赏歌剧是一种奢侈的享受，而且人们不可避免地要为此支付昂贵的费用。然而，只要你不放弃对社会权利的选择，高档享受不可避免狄⑸为富人的特有的领域。

我们可以让歌剧和其他费用昂贵的文化形式面向那些个人承受不起费用的大众。

然而，问题是我们为什么要这么做。没有人会否认食物、居所、安全、健康与教

育的必要性。但是，即使在史前的穴居时代，人们伸出手来，也不仅仅是为了吃

喝，或者是单纯地为了搏杀，也可以是为了刻画。人们对文化的冲动，对表达的

渴望，以及通过想象和表述对世界的探索等，才是最根本的。在欧洲，人们通过

音乐、美术、文学和戏剧等杰作的成就形式实现了这一愿望。这些杰作是检验人

类努力程度的标准，也是检验人类追求的思想和想象能力的标准，它们承载着丰

富的信息，并得以在彼此之间相互传播。

1998年: English to Chinese：

I agree to some extent with my imaginary English reader. American literary historians are perhaps prone to view their own national scene too narrowly mistaking prominence for uniqueness. They do over-phrase their own

literature or certainly its minor figures. And Americans do swing from

aggressive over phrase of their literature to an equally unfortunate

imitative deference. But then the English themselves are somewhat insular

in their literary appraisals. Moreover in fields where they are not

pre-eminent — e. g. in painting and music —they too alternate between boasting of native products and copying those of the Continent. How m any English paintings try to look as though they were done in Paris; how many times have we read in articles that they r eally represent an “English tradition” after all.

To speak of American literature then is not to assert（断言、声称）that it is completely unlike that of Europe. Broadly speaking America and

Europe have kept step（同步）. At any given moment（在任何时候） the traveler could find examples in both of the same architecture the same styles in

dress the same books on the shelves. Ideas have crossed the Atlantic as

freely as men and merchandise though sometimes more slowly. When I refer to American habit thoughts etc. I intend some sort of qualification（限制、限定、资格） to precede（领先、超前） the word for frequently the difference between America and Europe (especially England) will be one

of degree（唯一只是在程度上） sometimes only of a small degree. The amount of divergence（分歧、差异） is a subtle （微妙的）affair liable（有可能的） to perplex the Englishman when he looks at America. He is looking at a country which in important senses （重要的感觉）grew out of his own which in several ways（在有些方面）still resembles his own — and which is yet a foreign country. There are odd overlappings（重叠） and abrupt unfamiliarities; kinship(亲缘关系) yields to a sudden alienation（疏远关系） as when we hail（打招呼） a person across the street only to discover from his blank（没有表情的） response that we have mistaken a stranger

for a friend.

【参考译文二】谈到“美国”文学，并不是说它与欧洲文学完全不同。总体来说，美国和欧洲一直保持同步发展。旅游者在任何时候都能在两地看到（城市里矗立

的是）同一样式的建筑，（人们穿着的是）同一款式的服饰，摆放在书架上的是

同一风格的书籍。思想观念也象人和商品一样可以自由地跨越大西洋，只是有时在时间上要慢得多。谈到美国人的习惯和思想等概念时，我想在“美国式”的前

面再加上某个限制性的词语，因为在欧美之间（尤其是美英之间）的差异往往只