从《英译中国现代散文选》中探究翻译
合集下载
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
北国的槐树,也是一种能使人联想起秋来的 点缀。 (郁达夫《故都的秋》) Locust trees in the North, as a decorative embellishment(装饰) of nature, also associate us with autumn.
Repetition
清晨往松林里去散步,我在林荫路畔发见了一束被 遗弃了的蔷薇。蔷薇的花色还 是鲜艳的,一朵紫红, 一朵嫩红,一朵是病黄的象牙色中带着几分血晕。 (郭沫若《路畔的蔷薇》)
Rambling through a pine forest early in the morning, I came across a bunch of forsaken roses lying by the shady wayside. They were still fresh in colour. One was purplish-red, another pink, still another a sickly ivory-yellow slightly tinged with blood-red.
翻译的标准
张培基先生将翻译标准概括为四个字,即忠实、 通顺,这也是他毕生所追求的。 所谓忠实,首先指忠实于原文的内容,不得篡改、 遗漏、任意增删等。此外,必须保持原作的风 格—即原作的民族风格、时代风格、语体风格等。 所谓通顺,即指译文语言必须通顺易懂,符合规 范。
可是,我真爱北平。这个爱几乎是要说而说不出的。 我爱我的母亲。怎样爱?我说不出。在我想作一件 事讨她老人家喜欢的时候,我独自微微的笑着;在 我想到她的 健康而不放心的时候,我欲落泪。 (老舍《想北平》) I do cherish, however, a genuine love for Peiping—a love that is almost as inexpressible as my love for mother. I smile by myself when I think of something I can do to please mother; I feel like crying when I worry about mother’s health.
Unacceptable
我们屋后有半亩隙地。母亲说:“让它荒芜着怪可 惜,既然你们那么爱吃花生, 就辟来做花生园罢。” Behind our house there lay half a mu of vacant land. Mother said, “it’s a pity to let it lie waste. Since you all like to eat peanuts so very much, why not plant some here?” Behind our house there was a patch of land. “It would be a pity to let it go wild,” said Mother. “I suggest that since you are all so fond of peanuts you should grow some there.” (杨宪益、戴乃迭)
从张培基《英译中国现 代散文选》中探究翻译 原理
11英语6班 陈玲知 20110540007
译者简介
张培基先生(1921-),中国著名翻译家、杰出教授,1945 年毕业于上海圣约翰大学英国文学系,同年任《上海自由西 报》英文记者、 英文《中国评论周报》特约撰稿者兼《中国 年鉴》(英文)副总编。 他曾一直为《中国翻译》杂志专栏撰稿,这些译文自然流畅 并且极具文采,充分体现了译者的翻译理念,是翻译作品的 经典,后来被收进《英译中国现代散文选》集结出版 。这本 书包括李大钊、冰心、茅盾等大家的作品。 他的名字已经被列入《中国翻译家词典》,在当今中国翻译 界有着重要的地位。
异化
异化指在翻译方法上迁就外来文化的特点,吸 纳外语表达方式。
真正的朋友,恐怕要算“总角之交”或“竹马之交”了 。 (夏丐尊 《中年人的寂寞》) Real friendship between two persons originates perhaps from the time of life when they were children playing innocently together. “总角”:古代未成年人把头发扎成髻。总角之交、竹马 之交都指幼年时就交好的朋友。
译文的缺陷
到南京时,有朋友约去游逛,勾留了一日;第二日上午便须 渡江到浦口,下午上车北去。(朱自清《背影》) I spent the first day in Nanjing strolling about with some friends at their invitation, and was ferrying across the Yangtse River to Pukou the next morning and thence taking a train for Beijing on the afternoon of the same day.
A friend kept me in Nanjing for a day to see the sights, and the next morning I was cross the Yangtse to Pukou to take the afternoon train to the north. 魏志成《汉英比较翻译》 从译文的简洁以及流畅方面来看,后者显然更胜一筹。
Unidiomatic
Thank you!
归化
归化指在翻译中恪守本民族文化的语言传统,回 归地道的本族语表达方式。
不上一点钟,差不多先生就一命呜呼了。 (胡适 《差不多先生传》) Consequently, Mr. Cha Buduo kicked the bucket before an hour was out. Kick the bucket is an idiom that comes from executions like hanging in the Middle Ages. A noose is tied around the neck while sb. standing on an overturned bucket. When the bucket is kicked away, he is hanged.
在郭老新编的话剧“蔡文姬”里,提到了蔡文姬的 父亲蔡邕(yōng)所造的 那张焦尾琴。 (顾均正 《耳闻不如一见》) In the play Cai Wenji, newly written by venerable Guo Moruo, reference is made to jiao wen qin, a zithern partly made of scorched wood by Cai Yong, father of Cai Wenji. 琴指古琴,即七弦琴,和欧洲古代乐器zithern(齐 特拉琴) 相似,故译为zithern。
译文的特点
译文的句子普遍结构简单,用词简单,通俗易懂。 加以注释,每篇译文下都有注释,更易于读者理解原作本身, 也说明这样翻的原因,有助于我们学习。
但有时也兼做点农作,芒种(1)的时节,便帮人家插秧…… (柔石《为奴隶的母亲》) Sometimes he also worked in the fields; early each summer he turned farm-hand, transplanting rice for other people. (1)“芒种”为中国 24 节气之一,约在每年 6 月上、中旬,该 时农村多忙于夏收夏种。如英译为 Mangzhong 或 wheat in the ear,势必借助脚注,详加说明,否则外国读者无法理解。 现结合上下文干脆把它译为 early each summer。
翻译的不可译性
在英汉互译中,有时无法将源语翻译成 目的语而造成一定程度上意义的损失, 即称为“不可译性”。
wk.baidu.com
墙里常是人家的竹园,修竹森森,天籁细细;春来时还常有 几枝娇艳的桃花杏花,娉娉婷婷,从墙头殷勤地摇曳红袖, 向行人招手。(柯灵《巷》) Inside the walls are residents’ gardens with dense groves (小树林) of tall bamboos as well as soft sounds of nature. In spring, beautiful peach and apricot blossoms(杏花) atop the walls, like graceful girls waving their red sleeves, will sway hospitably to beckon(召唤) the pedestrians. 原文意境很美,读了眼前不禁呈现出一幅江南玲珑小 镇恬静古朴的画面。叠音词的运用更是增加了一种朦 胧美。但译文没有这样的效果,只让人感觉生硬的翻 译。