(英语)英语阅读理解(科普环保)题20套(带答案)
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(英语)英语阅读理解(科普环保)题20套(带答案)
一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类
1.犇犇阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
When athletes at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics collect their medals, they'll not only be wearing something that celebrates their sporting performance, but something that symbolizes lastingness. For both the 2020 Olympics and Paralympics, organizers aim to make all of the gold, silver, and bronze medals out of used electronics. This strong message about how to make use of e-waste has gotten a lot of Japan involved.
Starting in April 2017, the Japanese Olympic Committee began collecting old laptops, digital cameras, smartphones, and other abandoned electronics. The initiative (倡议) has achieved great success. Already, the quantity needed for bronze medals has been met, and they're in the homestretch for silver and gold medals, meaning the collection process can pack up at the end of March.
When looking just at the number of cell phones collected, the amount of waste is shocking. In a period of about 18 months, a little over 5 million smartphones were collected thanks to cooperation with NTT DOCOMO. Japan's largest mobile phone operator allowed the public to turn in phones at their shops, which counted a lot in the project's success.
After being taken apart and sorted, the small electronics underwent a smelting process to extract (提炼) all the gold, silver, and bronze elements. Thanks to this initiative, the worldwide struggle with e-waste will have a global platform. According to a study published by the United Nations University—44.7 million metric tons of e-waste were made in 2016. Only 20% of that was actually recycled. Unfortunately, this figure is set to rise significantly in the coming years, moving to 52.2 million metric tons by 2021. So while the Tokyo Olympics initiative might be just a drop in the bucket, it's a good start in showing what the public can do if they're made more aware of the issue.
(1)What can be learnt about Tokyo Olympics initiative from the passage?
A. E-waste in the world is increasing significantly.
B. It is easy to get elements needed from the used electronics.
C. Only producers of electronics participated in the project.
D. NTT DOCOMO contributed to the success of the project.
(2)Which can best replace the underlined word "homestretch" in Paragraph 2?
A. starting period
B. collection effort
C. final stage
D. hard search
(3)What influence does the Tokyo Olympics initiative have?
A. It offers an effective method to solve the problem of e-waste.
B. It shows the power of advanced technology in daily life.
C. It saves the expense spent in making all the medals.
D. It encourages the public's involvement in dealing with e-waste.
(4)What is the writer's attitude to the Tokyo Olympics initiative?
A. Positive
B. Negative
C. Ambiguous
D. Indifferent
【答案】(1)D
(2)C
(3)D
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了日本将回收利用废弃的电子产品中的金属,用于制作2020年奥运会奖牌。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的" In a period of about 18 months, a little over 5 million smartphones were collected thanks to cooperation with NTT DOCOMO. "在大约18个月的时间里,由于与NTT Docomo的合作,收集了500多万部智能手机,故选D。
(2)考查词义猜测。
根据第二段中的"Already, the quantity needed for bronze medals has been met, and they're in the homestretch for silver and gold medals, meaning the collection process can pack up at the end of March. "铜牌所需要的数量已经达到了,并且到了最后关头,也就是说,收集过程可以在3月底完成。
in the homestretch 固定短语,“最后关头”,故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的" So while the Tokyo Olympics initiative might be just a drop in the bucket, it's a good start in showing what the public can do if they're made more aware of the issue. "所以尽管东京奥运会的提议只是杯水车薪,这是一个很好的开始,展示了如果公众对这个问题有了更多的认识,他们能做些什么。
故选D。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据全文的描述,可知作者对于东京奥运倡议是持积极的态度,故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇科研类阅读,考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.犇犇阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Supercomputers which can analyse blood samples and predict which patients are likely to become seriously ill could save tens of thousands of lives a year, it was revealed last night, according to The Daily Express.
The artificial intelligence (AI) system, developed at University College London and set to be piloted in NHS hospitals later this year, will screen "at risk" patients so doctors can take early action to prevent death or serious illness. Prof Young, a consultant surgeon at Southend University Hospital, said: "I am so excited about this form of technology." Instead of people getting sick or dying because they are not picked up in time, this will allow us to step in earlier which will save lives and an enormous amount of money. "I think the potential of AI in healthcare like this is as big as the Industrial Revolution was—and signals a completely new example in the way we manage healthcare."
The technology is the brainchild of Dr Vishal Nangalia, a consultant at the Royal Free Hospital in London. He used AI to analyse a billion stored blood samples from 20 different UK hospital trusts dating back up to 12 years. Computers assess blood test results by picking up subtle changes in red and white blood cells, suggesting a patient is going downhill.
He found the technique forecast outcomes of patients with kidney problems with up to 95 per cent accuracy. Traditional methods highlighting serious patient concerns picked up as few as 16
percent of patients who went on to die. "This gives us the opportunity not only to save lives but to prevent serious illness, making the health service not only safer but more efficient." Prof Young said, "Instead of waiting for people to get worse, we will be able to treat them earlier."
(1)What does the underlined phrase "screen" in Paragraph2 mean?
A. comfort
B. treat
C. spot
D. nurse
(2)How do supercomputers help save lives?
A. By storing blood samples.
B. By analyzing patients' cases.
C. By observing changes in blood cells.
D. By assisting doctors with their operations.
(3)Why did Professor Young mention the Industrial Revolution?
A. To show the influence of AI.
B. To stress the importance of health care.
C. To introduce the topic of supercomputers.
D. To present the achievement he has accomplished.
(4)What do we know about the new technology?
A. It helps patients recover earlier.
B. It has helped save thousands of lives.
C. It will promote the health service greatly.
D. It is intended for patients with kidney diseases.
【答案】(1)C
(2)C
(3)A
(4)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍超级计算机能够分析血样并预测哪些病人可能会患上重病,每年可以挽救数万人的生命。
(1)考查词义猜测。
根据第二段中的“so doctors can take early action to p revent death or serious illness. ”以便医生能够及早采取行动,预防死亡或严重疾病,可以猜测出,人工智能将用于对高危病人进行“筛查”。
此处screen意为“筛查”。
故选C。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“Computers assess blood test results by picking up subtle changes in red and white blood cells, suggesting a patient is going downhill.”可知,计算机通过检测红细胞和白细胞的细微变化来评估血液检测结果。
故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的"I think the potential of AI in healthcare like this is as big as the Industrial Revolution was—and signals a completely new example in the way we manage healthcare." 杨教授认为,人工智能在医疗保健领域的潜力与工业革命一样大,以此类比,说明人工智能在医疗领域的影响力。
故选A。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的"Instead of waiting for people to get worse, we will be able to treat them earlier." 可知,这项技术将能够更早地治疗患者,而不是坐等病情恶化,从而推断,人工智能这一科技帮助医生对疾病诊疗早预判,早介入,从而帮助挽救大量生命,将大大促进卫生服务。
故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查,是一篇科研类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,从而选出
正确答案。
3.犇犇阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
While every dog owner knows their dogs can read their moods perfectly, scientists have always been a little doubtful. Now thanks to some researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna, Austria, we finally have some convincing evidence.
For their study, biologist Corson Miller and his team exposes eleven selected dogs to digital images of women that were either angry or happy. Half the dogs were rewarded for touching the screen when shown a happy face, while the other half got their treat for selecting those that appeared angry.
Interestingly, the dogs were not provided with the entire face. Some dogs were shown only upper halves while the others observed lower halves. That's because the scientists believe humans show their emotions on their entire face.
After some training like how to recognize small differences like the wrinkles between the eyes or the changes in their shape that accompany the happy or angry expressions, the dogs were mostly able to identify the correct expression not only on a familiar face but on a strange face. The researchers concluded the dogs were smart enough to read human emotions.
They also found those being trained to read angry expressions took a longer time to learn. They guess it may be because dogs find angry faces disgusting, causing them to withdraw quickly. However, once the smart dogs realized they were getting rewarded, the trepidation seemed to disappear. In fact, the dogs had such a good time playing the computer "game" That scientists had a hard time keeping them away from the touch screens after the study was completed.
The researchers also noticed only dogs with a male owner had a harder time understanding the expressions correctly. Since the touch-screen models were all females, this confirmed what has been observed in previous studies dogs are more efficient at reading facial expressions of people that are the same gender as their owner.
(1)How did the scientists conduct the experiment?
A.By leaving dogs to women who are either happy or angry.
B.By mixing the selected dogs together.
C.By rewarding only half of the dogs touching the screen
D.By showing digital pictures of women's happy or angry faces.
(2)The underlined word "trepidation" in Paragraph 5 probably means ________.
A.fear and hesitation
B.curiosity and eagerness
C.excitement and happiness
D.doubt and sadness
(3)According to the last paragraph, dogs with female owners ________.
A.are fond of the male faces
B.are uninterested in telling the emotions on the entire faces
C.have difficulty telling the moods on the faces of males
D.can only recognize emotions of females
(4)What is the best title for this passage?
A.Mood Changes Influence Dogs
B.Dogs Identify the Moods
C.dogs and Their Owners
D.Dog's Mood Research
【答案】(1)D
(2)A
(3)C
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,最新的实验发现,即狗能够识别人的面部表情的变化。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的"For their study biologist Corson Miller and his team exposed eleven selected dogs to digital images of women that were either angry or happy."可知,实验人员通过屏幕向这些狗展示了一组女性面部表情的照片,这些表情中既有快乐的,也有愤怒的。
故选D。
(2)考查词义猜测。
根据第五段中的"They guess it may be because dogs find angry faces disgusting, causing them to withdraw quickly"以及"However"可知,与前面意思相反,以及划线词后的"disappear"可知"once the smart dogs realized they were getting rewarded, the trepidation seemed to disappear.…"此句为,狗看到生气的表情后会感到厌恶,并由此退缩,但是一旦聪明的狗意识到会有奖励之后,它们的恐惧以及退缩就会消失。
由此可判断出A 符合题意,故选A。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的"......this confirmed what had been observed in previous studies―dogs are more efficient at reading facial expressions of people that are the same gender as their owner"可知,狗擅长辨别与自己主人性别相同的人的表情,由此推断,让主人是女性的狗来辨别男性面部表情的图片是比较困难的。
故选C。
(4)考查主旨大意。
第一段提出文章的主旨即“每个狗的主人都知道他们的狗狗能很好地读懂他们的情绪,但科学家们一直有点怀疑。
现在,有证据表明这是正确的”,接着在下文用硬实证明了这一点。
因此本文的最好的题目就是“狗能识别人的情绪”。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测,推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查,是一篇科研类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
4.犇犇阅读下面文章,然后从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出每个问题的最佳选项。
When we see a person in trouble, the first idea that comes to our mind is to lend a hand. But what if we see an animal in trouble, does the same rule apply?
This question was raised after a group of penguins were saved from an icy gully (峡谷) in Antarctica. It was filmed for the BBC wildlife series Dynasties. The film crew were anxious when they saw that a group of penguins had fallen into a gully and been trapped with their young. They built a slope (斜坡) so that a few of the penguins could save themselves.
The case has taken the international media by storm. Viewers watching this film let out a sigh
of relief. "I'm so glad. I understand not taking action directly, but a helping hand isn't bothering, right?" viewer Kathryn Shaw said on her Facebook.
However, others think human interference (干涉) is unnatural. "You can't have sunshine throughout your life. To have done anything else would only make matters worse," said the show's creator David Attenborough, according to The Times.
In this case, however, Mike Gunton, the executive producer of the series, said that this was a one-off situation. "There were no animals going to suffer by interfering. You weren't touching the animals and it was just felt by doing this... they had the chance not to have to keep slipping down
the slope," he told the BBC.
Such cases are familiar to Paul Nicklen, wildlife photographer for National Geographic. He told Metro, "If it's ever a predator (捕食者) situation, no matter how gut-wrenching, you stay out of
the way. Even when you're watching a male polar bear eat a baby bear."
"There's no rule book in those situations. You can only respond to the facts that are right there
in front of you," Will Lawson, the show's director, told Daily Mail.
(1)What has led to a heated media discussion?
A.People's various remarks on penguins.
B.The rescue of penguins from a gully.
C.Some penguins' sufferings in a gully.
D.Ways of filming the series Dynasties.
(2)Who holds a positive attitude towards human interference?
A.Kathryn Shaw.
B.Will Lawson.
C.Paul Nieklen.
D.David Attenborough.
(3)Which of the following best explains the word "gut-wrenching" underlined in paragraph 6?
A.Putting one in place.
B.Making one confused.
C.Putting one in danger.
D.Making one heartbroken.
(4)What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Reasons for the Necessity of Lending a Hand to Animals
B.Suggestions on How to Protect Animals From Danger
C.Effects of Human Interference on Dangerous Animals
D.Opinions on Whether to Help Animals in Trouble or Not
【答案】(1)B
(2)A
(3)D
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了当动物们面临危险时,我们是否要伸出援救
之手,以及如何去保护它们脱险。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“The film crew were anxious when t hey saw that a group of penguins had fallen into a gully and been trapped with their young. They built a slope (斜坡)so that a few of the penguins could save themselves.”和第三段中的“The case has taken the international media by storm”可知,从峡谷中救出企鹅这一事件引起了大家的热议。
故选B。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的“I'm so glad. I understand not taking action directly, but a helping hand isn't bothering, right?" viewer Kathryn Shaw said on her Facebook.”可知,她对帮助动物是很赞成的,故选A。
(3)考查词义猜测。
根据上文大家对干涉动物的行为有不同观点,再结合下文的“you stay out of the way. Even when you're watching a male polar bear eat a baby bear."可知,此句句意为:如果这是个捕食的情景,无论你是多么的心碎,你都不能干预。
结合四个选项可知,此处用Making one heartbroken(心碎)最合句意。
故选D。
(4)考查主旨大意。
本文就救助企鹅的视频引发的热议讲述了当动物面临危险时,我们如何伸出援助之手给出了一些建议。
因此,本文的最佳标题应为“若何保护动物脱险的建议”。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测,推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查,是一篇科教类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
5.犇犇阅读下面文章,然后从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出每个问题的最佳选项。
My two- and four-year-old boys love to win, whether they're racing their bikes down the sidewalk or just finishing their snacks. It's true that those with high status, from world leaders and prize winners to athletes and movie stars, are people we like and respect. A recent study published in Nature Human Behaviour showed that we seem to have an innate (天生的) preference for high-ranking peoples—but only if those people aren't hurtful toward others.
Researchers showed toddlers (aged 21 to 31 months) a scene where two puppets (木偶) approached one another from opposite sides of a stage and one bowed to let the other pass first. Asked which puppet they liked better, 18 of the 21 toddlers in the experiment reached for the puppet who had been allowed to pass. Because respect from others is a marker of status, this suggests that children have a preference for those with a higher status—even before age three. However, the results were quite different when two puppets approached one another and one used force to knock the other down before continuing to the other side. In this case, 18 of the 21 toddlers reached for the one who was knocked down. As the researchers concluded, "When approaching others, very young children care not only who wins, but also how." The previous experiment has shown that toddlers know about social status, but this experiment went one step further by proving they have an obvious preference for high status. Since the participants were so young, this might even be an innate human preference.
In a word, this new research suggests that young children appreciate people who do well while at the same time doing good to others. So, when my four-year-old thinks that he has to get his
shoes on first, I'll keep reminding him that helping his brother so they both finish faster is what winning is all about.
(1)What do we tend to do according to the first paragraph?
A.Seek challenges all the time.
B.Admire high-ranking people.
C.Take advantage of high status.
D.Hurt others with offensive words.
(2)Why did toddlers prefer the puppet allowed to pass?
A.It looked adorable.
B.It behaved smartly.
C.It seemed polite.
D.It was respected.
(3)What can we infer from the latter study?
A.Slower people are better loved by toddlers.
B.People naturally dislike unkind behavior.
C.Toddlers care little about high social status.
D.Being helpful contributes to being supported.
(4)What should we do when we encourage children to win?
A.Instruct them to use proper and creative ways.
B.Advise them to be as hardworking as possible.
C.Remind them to be considerate to other people.
D.Tell them to try to cooperate with someone else.
【答案】(1)B
(2)D
(3)B
(4)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了人们更倾向于喜欢和尊敬地位高而又无害于他人的人,这似乎是一种天性,即使是蹒跚学步的孩子也是如此。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“A recent study published in Nature Human Behaviour showed that we seem to have an innate(天生的)preference for high-ranking peoples—but only if those people aren't hurtful toward others.”可知,我们更倾向于敬佩那些地位高的人。
故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“Asked which puppet they liked better, 18 of the 21 toddlers in the experiment reached for the puppet who had been allowed to pass. Because respect from others is a marker of status, this suggests that children have a preference for those with a higher status—even before age three.”可知,蹒跚学步的孩子喜欢那个被允许通过的木偶,是因为这种行为代表着受人尊敬,孩子们更喜欢受尊敬的人。
故选D。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的“In this case, 18 of the 21 toddlers reached for the one who was knocked down.和Since the participants were so young, this might even be an innate human preference.”可知,孩子们会走向被撞倒的人,而由于孩子太小,甚至可能是人类与
生俱来的偏好。
由此可推断出,人们天生不喜欢不友善的行为。
故选B。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“In a word, this new research suggests that young children apprecia te people who do well while at the same time doing good to others.”可知,孩子欣赏那些在做好事的同时表现出色的人。
由此可推断出,我们鼓励孩子去赢的同时,提醒他们要体谅他人。
故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇科教类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
6.犇犇Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.
Stocky, slow-moving whale, rarely grows beyond 15 metres in length
Flippers are a third of body length; variable dorsal fin size and shape; saw-toothed trailing edge on flukes, often raised when diving
Bumpy tubercles on top of head
Body colour is dark brown to black; often extensive white on flippers and underside of body and flukes; such patterns enable individual recognition
Bushy blow, occasionally V-shaped
270-400 olive baleen plates
Humpback whales belong to the rorqual (groove-throated) family, which includes fin, sei, Bryde's, minke and blue whales. The big family migrate between winter tropical breeding areas (North West Shelf, Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Fiii, Tonga) and summer Antarctic feeding areas. Once common in New Zealand waters, humpbacks are now rarely seen and may migrate further offshore. Males compete for mates either by physical fight or by song. Females give birth to their young every two to three years; some non-breeding females probably remain in the southern waters during winter. Young humpback whales return to their area of birth but in later life some wander between breeding areas. Humpbacks eat small shrimps and other schooling prey, such as fish, forming small, cooperative groups of two to three individuals to feed. Similar species: Easily identifiable due to a 'hump' back when submerging, but at a distance may be confused with other species that raise their flukes when diving, such as sperm, right and
blue whales.
Protection status: Recovering well from past whaling and now numerous in some former migration and aggregation areas, rarely seen in others.
(1)Which of the following is TRUE about humpback whales?
A. Their long flippers vary in length, size and shape like dorsal fin.
B. They are large and likely to grow longer than 15 metres.
C. The different colors and patterns of the body help to be recognized.
D. Their bumpy tubercles and blowholes are on both sides of head.
(2)Which of the following can be inferred from this article's description of humpback whales' migration?
A. They need warmer waters to breed.
B. They can't survive in extreme cold.
C. They find plentiful food in tropical waters.
D. They are mostly hunted in New Zealand waters.
(3)This article is mainly intended to .
A. explain why humpbacks are still hunted in some parts of the world
B. introduce how humpbacks migrate through some dangerous waters
C. popularize the basic knowledge of humpbacks and call for protection
D. help distinguish humpbacks from other similar species
【答案】(1)C
(2)A
(3)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了座头鲸外形特点、体重、颜色,以及其如何繁殖、喂养等生活习性等,并呼吁大家保护它。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第四个小点后的一段"Body color is dark brown to black; often extensive white on flippers and underside of body and flukes; such patterns enable individual recognition"可知,座头鲸体色由深棕色至黑色,脚蹼、身体底部和尾鳍上通常是大面积的白色;这样的图案使单个的座头鲸很容易被识别。
分析选项可知C项符合题意,故选C。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第五个小黑点后面的"The big family migrate between winter tropical breeding areas (North West Shelf, Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Fiii, Tonga) and summer Antarctic feeding areas." 座头鲸这个大家族在冬季的热带繁殖区(西北大陆架、大堡礁、新喀里多尼亚、瓦努阿图、斐济、汤加)和夏季南极喂养区之间迁徙。
可知,座头鲸在热带地区繁殖。
冬季的热带繁殖区,是温暖的地方。
可知座头鲸需要在暖和的地方繁殖,故选A。
(3)考查主旨大意。
本文主要对座头鲸外形特点、体重、颜色,以及其如何繁殖喂养等生活习性等作了介绍,并呼吁大家保护意识。
所以本文目的是普及有关座头鲸的知识,并对它们加以保护。
分析选项可知C项符合题意,故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇科普类阅读,要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
7.犇犇阅读理解
Three-quarters of the world's coffee farms destroy forest habitat to grow coffee in the sun and typically use harmful pesticides (杀虫剂) and chemicals that poison the environment. When forests disappear, migratory (迁徙的) songbirds disappear, too. In order to deal with severe population and habitat loss, Smithsonian scientists created the Bird Friendly certification.
Bird Friendly coffees are shade-grown, meaning the coffee is planted under trees, rather than on the land that has been cleared of all other plants. Coffee experts say shade-grown coffees taste better, because the beans ripen slower than coffee grown in the full sun, resulting in a richer, more complex flavor. Bird Friendly certified coffees grow under bio-diverse shade that provides habitat for migratory songbirds and other wildlife, stores carbon and fights climate change. Bird Friendly coffees are also certified organic, meaning they are grown without pesticides, which is better for people and for the planet.
Bird Friendly producers can also earn more for their crops. The wood and fruit trees on shade coffee farms provide farmers with additional income. Every cup of Bird Friendly coffee purchased rewards these farmers with a little more money for being good stewards of the environment and encourages them to continue conserving Bird Friendly habitat.
Buying Bird Friendly supports the Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center's conservation research aimed at understanding and protecting your feathered friends. You can purchase Bird Friendly certified coffees around the world and protect wildlife and habitat with every cup. Find a store or cafe near you, or better yet, have it shipped to your door when you order online.
(1)What is the present situation of coffee farms?
A. One fourth of them have destroyed forest habitat for birds.
B. Pesticides and chemicals used on them poisoned many birds.
C. Farmers have been aware of environment protection.
D. Scientists pay attention to them and have come up with an idea.
(2)What's a characteristic of Bird Friendly coffees?
A. They may have a better taste.
B. They have a strange flavor.
C. They take less time to ripen.
D. They are grown on unpolluted land.
(3)How can Bird Friendly farmers earn more money?
A. By charging consumers more money.
B. By selling fruits and wood from trees.
C. By cutting down trees and selling wood.
D. By serving as stewards of coffee consumers.(4)What does the text suggest coffee consumers do?
A. Consume less coffee.
B. Order coffee online.
C. Purchase shade-grown coffee.
D. Donate to coffee farmers.
【答案】(1)D
(2)A
(3)B
(4)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,为了应对严重的迁徙鸟类的数量和栖息地损失,史密森尼的科学家创造了the Bird Friendly certification。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“ In order to deal with severe population and habitat
loss, Smithsonian scientists created the Bird Friendly certification.”可知,科学家们重视咖啡生长地的问题,并以想出应对办法,故选D。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“ Coffee experts say shade-grown coffees taste better, because the beans ripen slower than coffee grown in the full sun, resulting in a richer, more complex flavor.”咖啡专家说,阴凉处种植的咖啡味道更好,因为豆子比太阳下的咖啡成熟得慢,会产生更丰富,更复杂的味道。
故选A。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“ The wood and fruit trees on shade coffee farms provide farmers with additional income.”可知,咖啡种植者可以通过咖啡树上方的the wood and fruit trees增加收入,故选B。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据第四段中的“You can purchase Bird Friendly certified coffees around the world and protect wildlife and habitat with every cup”你能在全世界买Bird Friendly 认证的咖啡,每杯都保护野生动物和栖息地,故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇环保类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
8.阅读理解
Some things should just be common knowledge by now. The Earth isn't flat. Nope, your hair and nails don't grow after you die. The holes at the top of Bic biro pens are there so that, if you swallow one accidentally, you can still breathe and won't choke to death. It's debatable whether that last one there is common knowledge or not. A quick Google search of the fact, rewritten as a question, shows articles addressing this point going back several years, with the latest (re)appearing just this week over on ScienceAlert. We suppose it's one of those things that come up from time to time, like what would happen if you attack Yellowstone with a nuclear weapon (not much, as it turns out).
If you jump over to Bic's website, under their FAQs (frequently asked questions), it quite clearly states: "The reason that some BIC® pens have a hole in their cap is to prevent the cap from completely obstructing the airway if accidentally breathed in. This is requested by the international safety standards ISO11540, except for in cases where the cap is considered too large to be a choking risk."
That's rather lovely of them. In appreciation of their want to not kill off their more clumsy customers, we thought we'd share a few more random facts about Bic that are probably going to come up in a pub quiz one day. Did you know, for example, that each Bic ballpoint pen can produce at least 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) of ink before it begins to run out? In fact, in 2018, 7,250 kilometers (4,505 miles) of writing tests on such pens were carried out on ballpoint pens, gel pens(中性笔), and rollers to make sure they worked to the highest standard.
The best part of the Bic site, however, is this rather curious fact: "100 percent of pen balls are made through a highly-controlled process." As opposed to a highly uncontrolled process, involving explosions and bouncy castles and total chaos, we suppose.
(1)Why does the author mention the case of Yellowstone?
A. To list the facts.
B. To prove his point.
C. To compare the two situations.
D. To emphasize the importance of safety.。