动名词讲解及练习

mean doing sth 意味着……；就是……
mean to do sth 打算做某事
1. Missing the bus means________ for another hour. A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting 2.我不打算伤害你。 I don’t mean to hurt you.
动作还没有发生
stop doing sth 停止做某事 stop to do sth 停止原来的事开始去做某事 e.g. Please stop talking loudly. They stopped to listen, but there was no more sound.
try doing sth 尝试做某事 try to do sth 努力去做某事 Why try doing it in some other way? — I not have been knocking at the door, I tried to solve the problem but I couldn’t. but no one answers. — Why not ____ at the back door? A. try knocking B. try to knock C. to try knocking D. to try to knock
3. One learns a language by making mistakes and ______ them. A. correct B. correcting C. corrects D. to correct 4. —You are brave enough to speak against him. —Well, now I regret that. A. to do B. to be doing C. done D. having done
get/be used to,习惯于 get down to, 开始做 pay attention to, 注意 be busy in,忙于 be good at,擅长于 prevent …from,阻止 protect…from, 保护 thanks to, 幸亏 thank you for,感谢 spend time(in)doing have trouble/difficulty 花时间做
regret doing sth 后悔已做过某事 regret to do sth 对将要做的事感到抱歉或遗憾 e.g. I regret lending him so much money.
He never paid me back. 我很后悔借给他那么多钱。他从来没有还过我。 I regret to tell you that you failed the test. 我遗憾的告诉你你没有通过考试。
动名词的语态和否定形式
主动语态: do+ing 被动语态：being done 否定形式：not doing
1. He escaped being caught this time. 2. I can’t stand being treated like that. 3. I thank you very much for your not telling the secret to others.
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事
动作已发生
forget to do sth 忘记要去做某事
1.我忘记昨天给过你钱了。 2.我忘记了告诉你那事。 e.g. I forgot giving the money to you yesterday. I forgot to tell you about it.
11. Let’s stop and a rest. A. to work; have B. working; having C. to work; to have D. working; to have 12. Listen! The water is still running. —Oh, I forgot the tap off. A. to turn B. turning C. to have turned D. having turned
9. My uncle is considering ______ his heath. A. improve B. to improve C. improving D. to be improved 10. We should keep ________ English every day. A. to practise speaking B. practise speaking C. practising speaking D. practising to ocking at the door,
but no one answers. — Why not ____ at the back door? A. try knocking B. try to knock C. to try knocking D. to try to knock 8. As a young man from a rich family, can you imagine ____ in such a small and dirty place? A. to work B. yourself to work C. working D. work
Functions of gerund (V+ing) 1. I enjoy teaching and I love being together with my students. – object（宾语） 2. Watching movies and listening to music are my hobbies. – subject （主语） 3. swimming pool –attributive （定语）
Self-introduction
My name is Sophy, a teacher in JianQiao No.3 High School. I really enjoy teaching and I love being ` together with my students, which make me feel great. In my spare time, watching movies and _ listening to music are my hobbies. Besides, I’m also fond of swimming in our fantastic _ swimming pool. As a teacher, my job is helping my students improve their English. I will always love my students and be their friends.
4. My job is helping my students improve their English. – predictive （表语）
Gerund (V+ing) used as object
1. V + doing
2. Prepositional phrases + doing
3. V + doing/to do
教室需要打扫。 e.g. The classroom needs cleaning. The classroom needs to be cleaned.
My bike needs repairing. My bike needs to be repaired.
情况四： remember, forget, stop, try, regret, mean 后加现在分词或不定式，意思截然不同。
remember doing sth 记得做过某事
remember to do sth 记住要去做某事
e.g. I remember seeing you somewhere in
Beijing. 我记得在北京什么地方见到过你。 Do you remember to post the letter? 你记住寄这封信了吗?
注意：如果like, love, prefer前有 would/should 时，后面则接动词不定式。 如： I’d like to go swimming this weekend. 这周末我愿意去游泳。
I would love to meet your parents.
我想见你的父母。
情况二：begin, start
begin, start后跟-doing 或 –to do意思无差别，但 在下列三种情况下，需用不定式- to do：
1. 当begin,start本身使用了进行时态； 2. 当主语是事物； 3. 当其后的动词为表示心理活动或精神 状态不可用于进行时的动词,如 understand, realize等；
Exercise
1.That you gave him such a book to read meant__.
A. to waste his time B. wasting his time C. being wasted his time D. to be wasted his time 2.The discovery of new evidence (证据) led to _______. A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught
5. —Did you lock the door?
—Yes, I remember it. A. to lock B. to locking C. locking D. have locked
6. He is so busy that he can’t help _____ the classroom. A. cleaning B. to cleaning C. to clean D. cleaned
3.有些动词既能加现在分词也能加不定 式 情况一：like, love, hate, prefer -doing sth(经常性、习惯性); - to do sth(某一具体行为或未发生的行为) 我喜欢打篮球，不过今天下午我想游泳。 I like playing basketball, but I like to swim this afternoon.
e.g. I was beginning to get worried.
Everything starts to grow. She began to understand what she really wanted.
情况三：need, want, require表示“需要,要 求,想要” 时后接doing 或 to be done结构。
feel like, 想要做 give up, 放弃 insist on,坚持 stick to, 坚持 lead to, 导致 devote…to , 致力于 object to, 反对 be worth, 值得 succeed in, 成功 be fond of,喜欢
(in) 做某事有困难
2.后接动词-ing的常见短语
1.常见的直接接动词-ing形式的动词有: 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想
避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏
禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃跑
consider suggest/advise look forward to excuse/pardon/ forgive admit delay/put off fancy(想象，设想) avoid miss keep/keep on practise deny finish enjoy/appreciate forbid imagine risk can’t help mind allow/permit escape