80m3液化石油储罐结构设计及焊接工艺设计

专业设计课程任务书

80m 3液化石油气卧式储罐设计

摘要

液化石油气储罐是盛装液化石油气的常用设备，由于该气体具有易燃易爆的特点，因此在设计这种储罐时，要注意安全与防火，和在制造、安装等方面的特点。卧式储罐结构设计是以应力分析为主要途径，以材料力学为基础，对容器的各个主要受压部分进行设计。利用ANSYS 软件对进行静力学应力、应变模拟分析，得出的应力作用下的较为精确详尽的储罐响应结果,直观的再现了储油罐在应力作用下的受力情

况和薄弱环节,从为储罐的设计提供了可靠的依据。在焊接过程中，采用多层多道焊，选择合理的焊接工艺措施，如控制焊接电流、电弧电压，选择材料、破口形式、焊丝焊剂、焊条等，不但能控制结构的焊接变形和应力，而且能保证焊缝的组织和性能，有效提高压力容器的品质。此外，除第一层打底焊外，每层都要捶击消除应力，每道焊缝都要清渣，防止夹渣，焊缝要圆滑过渡，防止应力集中。同时，在工程预算方面，从原材料花费、焊接相关花费、人工费几个方面进行统计估算。

关键词：卧式储罐，结构设计，模拟分析，焊接工艺，工程预算

80m3 LIQUEFIED OIL TANK STRUCTURE DESIGN

ABSTRACT

Liquefied petroleum gas storage tank is holding the commonly used equipment, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) due to the characteristics of the gas is flammable and explosive, so in the design of the tank, pay attention to the safety and fire protection, and in the aspect of manufacture, installation, etc. Horizontal tank structure design is based on stress analysis as the main way, on the basis of mechanics of materials, to design the main compression portion of the container. Using ANSYS software to the stress, strain simulation statics analysis, it is concluded that the stress under the action of response result more accurate and detailed tank, intuitive reproduce the force of the oil tank under the effect of stress and the weak link, from the design provides a reliable basis for storage tank. In the welding process, the use of multi-layer welding, multichannel selecting rational welding process measures,Such as control welding current, arc voltage, material selection, crevasse form, flux welding wire, welding wire, etc., not only can control the welding deformation and stress of structure, and can guarantee organization and properties of the weld, effectively improve the quality of the pressure vessel. In addition, in addition to the first layer of backing welding, each layer to thump of eliminating stress and every way weld slag removal, preventing slag, weld to smooth the transition, prevent stress concentration. At the same time, in the aspect of engineering budget, from raw materials costs, welding related costs and labor statistical estimation.

KEY WORDS:Horizontal tank,Structure design,Simulation analysis, Welding process,Project budg

专业设计课程任务书 (1)

摘要 (2)

ABSTRACT (3)

第一章设计参数的选择 (6)

1.1液化石油气参数的确定 (6)

1.2设计温度 (6)

1.3设计压力 (6)

1.4 设计储量 (7)

1.5 主要元件材料的选择 (8)

1.5.1筒体材料的选择 (8)

1.5.2鞍座材料的选择 (8)

1.5.3地脚螺栓的材料选择 (8)

第二章容器的结构设计 (9)

2.1筒体和封头的设计 (9)

2.1.1 筒体设计 (9)

2.1.2封头设计 (9)

2.3筒体厚度计算 (10)

2.4封头厚度计算 (10)

第三章零部件的确定 (12)

3.1开孔和选取法兰分析 (12)

3.1.1人孔的设计 (12)

3.1.2 接管和法兰 (13)

3.1.3 垫片 (15)

3.1.4 螺栓（螺柱）的选择 (15)

3.1.5液位计的设计 (16)

3.2鞍座选型和结构设计 (17)

3.2.1鞍座选型 (17)

3.2.2 鞍座位置的确定 (18)

3.3开孔补强 (19)

3.3.1补强及补强方法判别 (19)

3.3.2开孔所需补强面积 (20)

3.3.3有效补强范围 (20)

3.3.4有效补强面积 (21)