2019-2020年人教版 朗文初三英语寒假专题 主谓一致
2024年人教版中考英语主谓一致课件
6. a number of+复数名词,意 为“许多……”,谓语动词用复数; the number of+名词复数,意为 “……的数量”,谓语动词用单数
如:A number of students in our school come from the countryside.
如:My family is a big one. 我的 家很大。
My family are having lunch now. 我们家人正在吃午饭。
4. police, people, cattle, youth 作 主语时,谓语动词用复数形式
如:Cattle are farmers' friends. 牛 是农民的朋友。
(一)语法一致原则 指谓语动词和主语的数在语法上 保持一致。
1. 主语是单数形式,谓语动词 用单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓 语动词也用复数形式
如:Tom is a good student. 汤姆 是个好学生。
They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足 球。
主谓一致
主谓一致主要考查谓语动词和主语 在人称和数上的一致性及一些基本 句型的用法。考查内容涉及名词单 数或复数作主语、不可数名词作主 语、代词作主语、不定式作主语、 主语从句、并列结构作主语、特殊 名词作主语时与谓语动词的一致等。
知识点一 定义 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在
人称和数上保持一致。主谓一致一 般遵循三个原则:语法一致原则、 意义一致原则、就近一致原则。 知识点二 分类
The police are running after the thieves. 警察正在追逐小偷。
人教版中考英语复习专题主谓一致知识点题型含答案解析
人教版中考英语复习专题主谓一致知识点题型含答案解析一、主谓一致1.—How many_______doctors are there in your hospital, David?—_______them _______over one hundred.A.woman,The number of, is B.women,A number of, areC.woman,A number of, is D.women,The number of, is【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:——戴维,在你们医院有多少女医生?——他们的人数是100多。
【详解】the number of…….的数量,作主语,谓语用第三人称单数。
a number of一些,修饰名词,作主语,谓语用复数形式。
第一空how many修饰复数名词,woman doctor女医生,其复数形式为women doctors。
第二空根据over one hundred可知此处表示数量,故用the number of,谓语用第三人称单数is。
故选D。
2.Not only his friends but also he ________ always interested in science fiction.A.show B.shows C.are D.is【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:不仅他的朋友,而且他总是对科幻小说感兴趣。
考查主谓一致。
not only…but also连接两个主语的时候,谓语动词的数由离其最近的主语来决定,即就近原则,所以此处要根据he来确定谓语动词的形式;因为后面是interested in,所以用be interested in“对…感兴趣”,所以谓语动词用is;故答案选D。
3.Eighty percent of the students in this school ________ three to five times a week. A.exercises B.exercise C.exercising【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意“在我们学校80%的学生一周锻炼三到五次”。
人教版中考英语复习专题 主谓一致重点和解题方法含答案解析
人教版中考英语复习专题主谓一致重点和解题方法含答案解析一、主谓一致1. Anna her brother like listening to soft music.A.Both; and B.Neither; nor C.Either; or D.Not only; but also 【答案】A【解析】句意:安娜和她弟弟都喜欢听轻音乐。
根据both---and---两者都---,连接句子两个主语时,谓语动词用复数;Neither----nor----既不---也不---,当连接句子的两个主语时,谓语动词就近原则;either---or---或者---或者---,当连接句子的两个主语时,谓语动词就近原则;Not only--- but also---不仅---而且---,当连接句子的两个主语时,谓语动词就近原则;根据like故选A点睛:both---and---两者都---,连接句子的两个相同成分,例如:Both Lily and Lucy are students.;Neither----nor----既不---也不---,其含义是否定的,可连接任意两个并列的成分,当连接句子的两个主语时,谓语动词就近原则。
例如:Neither dad nor mum is at home today;either---or---或者---或者---,表示两者之一,两节句子的两个并列成分,,当连接句子的两个主语时,谓语动词就近原则。
例如:Either you or me am going there。
2.Not only my classmates but also our English teacher Chinese poems, so we often share their favourite ones.A.like B.liked C.likes D.liking【答案】C【解析】句意:不仅我的同学们而且我的老师都喜欢古诗,因此我们经常分享他们最喜欢的诗。
2024年人教版中考英语专题主谓一致讲义
2024年中考英语难点主谓一致一、主谓一致的基本概念英语中的主谓一致是一个重要的语法概念,它要求谓语动词在人称和数上要与主语保持一致。
主谓一致主要包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。
❖语法一致是指谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致;❖意义一致是指谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致;❖就近一致是指谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。
以下是一些主谓一致的例句:The cat is playing with a ball. (主语“The cat”是单数,谓语“is playing”也是单数形式,符合语法一致。
)The students are studying hard. (主语“The students”是复数,谓语“are studying”也是复数形式,同样符合语法一致。
)The news sounds exciting. (主语“The news”虽然看起来像复数,但实际上是不可数名词,所以谓语用单数形式“sounds”,这体现了意义一致。
)Either you or he is responsible for the mistake. (主语由“either...or...”连接,由于“or”后面的主语“he”是单数,所以谓语用单数形式“is”,这体现了就近一致。
)中考真题分析:(2023年岳阳中考真题)3. Yueyang is one of the top 10 most beautiful ________ in China this year.A.cityB. citiesC. citys解析:句子中使用了“one of the top 10 most beautiful”这个结构,表示岳阳是中国最美的十个城市之一。
由于“top 10”表示的是十个,所以需要用复数形式。
选项A的“city”是单数形式,不符合题意;选项C的“citys”是复数形式的错误写法,因为在英语中,city是可数名词,其复数形式应该是在词尾加“s”,即“cities”。
人教版中考英语复习之主谓一致(语法一致)课件
如:
The police are looking for the lost child.
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7、由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成 的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词 的数而定。如:
(或代词)”作主语时,其谓语动词也可用复数。如:
Neither of the texts is (are) interesting.
② 若none of后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就 要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单 数或复数都可以。如: None of us has (have) been to America.
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1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从 句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时, 谓语动词用复数形式。如:
His father is working on the farm. To study English well is not easy. What he said is very important for us all. The children were in the classroom two hours ago. Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.
C. are searching for
D. were searching
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Quiz 即学即练
1.Over 80 percent of the population of China __D__ peasants.
人教版新目标九年级英语语法主谓一致
英语语法——主谓一致主谓一致有很多原则,归纳起来不外乎三种一致原则,即:语法形式一致;观点一致(语言内容上一致);毗邻一致(谓语动词的单复数形式和紧位于其前的主语一致)。
此外,依据代词应当在人称、数、性等方面与所指的词保持一致,还有指代一致。
一、语法形式一致1、单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式。
复数主语,用 and 或 both and 连结的动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及主语从句作主语,谓语动词则用复数形式。
比如:Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福。
Whether we ’ ll go depends on the weather. 我们能否去要取决于天气的好赖。
What I think and what I seek have been fairly reflected in my paper.我所思虑的和我所追求的都在这个论文中表现了出来。
2、由 as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, accompanied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than 等惹起的构造跟在主语后边,不可以看主语如是单数,其谓语动词仍旧作是并列主语,该主语不受这些词组指引的插入语的影响,用单数形式。
比如:The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students.教材加上参照书对大学学生是特别有利的。
The man together with his wife and children sits on the sofa watching TV.那个人和他妻儿老少坐在沙发上看电视。
(有答案)人教版初中英语主谓一致之语法一致重点知识归纳
(有答案)人教版初中英语主谓一致之语法一致重点知识归纳单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、Working hours going to be short so people will have long holidays.A . isB . areC . will2、一r II drink half of the milk. The rest for you, Jane.一Only for us two?the rest going to be unhappy?A . is; AreB . are; IsC . is; IsD . are; Are3、一You always come to school first in the morning.一You know, my parent early.A . wake me upB . wakes up meC . wake up meD . wakes me up4、一What a clear day today!—Yes. The air fresh after the rain.We can go out for a walk.A . tastesB . smellsC . looks5、一The baseball is the floor. Where the keys?-They are on the table.A . in, isB . on, areC . under, are6、一Let' s and play soccer.一That good.A . go, soundsB . go, soundC . to go, soundsD . to go, sound7、Parents and schools sometimes strict with us.A . Twenty percents; isB . Twenty percents; areC • Twenty percent; isD . Twenty percent; are 73、Amy word puzzles every day.A . doB . doesC . doing 74、In China, millions of tons chicken each year.A . eatB . was eatenC . ateD . were eaten75、They geography on Tuesday and Thursday.A . areB . haveC . isD . has76、一 you Tom Green?一 No, my name Jack Green.A . Is; amB . Are; isC . Are; amD . Is; is77、Mom, my shoes too small. Can you buy me a new?A . is ; oneB . are ; onesC . are ; pairD . is ; pair 78、Knife and fork always seen on the Western tables when you drop by your foreign friends 179、Which of the following sentences is CORRET?A . Each silk scarfs are 50 pounds.B . Each of the silk scarf is 50 pounds.C . Each of silk scarves are 50 pounds.D . The silk scarfs are 50 pounds each.1080、About one third of workers in the factory women.81、One of in the world our motherland China.A - the oldest countries; isB . the most oldest countries; isC . the oldest countries; are82、——I wonder if they will come to our school this weekend.—They are great scientists. If they, we will be very excited.A . will comeB . comesC . come83、people use the Internet around the world.一 You' re right. And people increasing.A . A number of; the number of; isB . The number of; a number of; ishouses.houses.C . A number of; the number of; are84、一The number of visitors over 33 million this year.——Yes. A large number of visitors so far because of the natural beauty.A . is; has comeB . is; have comeC . are; has comeD . are; have come85、My favorite lessons maths and English.86、Yesterday Mr. Wang told us the earth always around the sun.A . goingB . goC . wentD . goes1187、The number of students this school large.A . areB . are note . isn' tD . aren* t88、A pair of shoes under the table. Are they yours?A . isB . areC . do89、Two thirds of the farmland here with ice.A . is coveringB . is coveredC . are coveringD . are covered90、of the students in our class going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.A . Two fifths, areB . Two fifth, areC . Two fifths, is91、Look! A number of people at Renmin Square there. The number of them becomingA . are, is, more and moreB . are, is, larger and largerC . are, are, more and moreD . is, are, larger and larger92、一Good morning!you Sonia?—No. That girl Sonia.A . Are; amB . Is; amC . Are; isD . Is; is93、the students in the class 35.A . The number of, isB . A number of, isC . The number of, areD . A number of, am94、The number of giant pandas getting smaller and smaller.A . isB . areC . hasD . have95、Mr Johnson is busy and he the important meeting about the environment in London now.A ・ AttendedB . was attendingC . is attendingD . would attend1296、Tom is a middle school student now. His father often at 6:30 in the morning.A . wakes he upB . wakes him upC . wake up himD . wake him up 97、Doing eye exercises good for your health.A . areB . isC . haveD . has98、are my aunt and uncle. And boy over there is my cousin.A . This; theseB . These; thatC . It; thoseD . That; these99、He milk every day in order to keep fit.A . drinksB . is drinkingC . drinkD . drank13(有答案)人教版初中英语主谓一致之语法一致_00E参考答案1、答案:A解析:句意:工作时间将会变短,所以人们会有很长的假期。
2019中考初三英语语法主谓一致知识点总结
2019中考初三英语语法主谓一致知识点总结各位读友大家好,此文档由网络收集而来,欢迎您下载,谢谢初三英语语法主谓一致:谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致。
主谓一致一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
1. 语法一致的原则以单数名词或代词,动词不定式短语作主语时,谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时,谓语用复数,例如:He goes to school early every morning.The children are playing outside.To work hard is necessary for a student.由and或bothand连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
例如:Both he and I are right.Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom.但并列主语如果指的是同一人,同一事物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数。
例如:His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.The poet and writer has come.由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。
例如:In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.Each man and each woman is asked to help.主语是单数时,尽管后面跟有but ,except, besides, with 等介词短语,谓语动词仍用单数。
例如:The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.Nobody but two boys was late for class.Bread and butter is a daily food in the west.一些只有复数形式的名词,如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。
人教版中考英语复习专题 主谓一致的用法归纳练习含答案解析
人教版中考英语复习专题主谓一致的用法归纳练习含答案解析一、主谓一致1.Everyone in my class except Tom and Mary to Beijing.A.have beenB.have goneC.has been【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:除了汤姆和玛丽之外,我们班上每个人都去过北京。
考查现在完成时。
由句意可知句子时态为现在完成时,构成为:have /has+动词过去分词;have been to表示去过某地,已经回来;have gone to表示去了某地,可能在路上,也可能已经到达;根据Everyone in my class except Tom and Mary to Beijing.可知,这里表示除了汤姆和玛丽之外,我们班上每个人都去过北京,说明去过北京都已经回来了,所以用have been to。
本句的主语是everyone,所以助动词用has,故答案选C。
2. students in the classroom twenty. The others are in the library.A.The number of; isB.A number of; areC.The number of; are【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:教室里的学生人数是二十,其他的人在图书馆。
The number of ……的数量,谓语动词用单数;a number of大量的,谓语动词用复数。
The others其他的,表示复数,谓语动词用复数,结合题意故选A。
考点:考查主谓一致。
3.— He, together with his parents ______going to visit Shanghai in July. How about you?— I'm afraid I have to stay at home _ _.A.are; on my own B.is, by myself C.is; by my own D.are; on myself【答案】B【解析】【详解】就远原则与by oneself的用法。
人教版中考英语复习专题常见主谓一致最全总结
试题分析:句意:微信很流行,不但年轻人而且老年人都对它感兴趣。A. Neither…nor…:……既不……也不;B. Either…or或者……或者……;C. Not only…but also不但……而且……;D. Between…and介于……与……之间。由“popular”(受欢迎的,流行的,大众的)可以推测出年轻人和老年人都感兴趣,故选C。
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:莉莉和露西都不喜欢听京剧而他们的父母喜欢。Both…and两者都;Neither… nor既不……也不;Either…or或者……或者;Not only…but also不但……而且。根据语境,所以选B.
考点:考查连词。
2.Nowadays many new taxi apps(打车软件)_________ to help people travel around more easily.
5.The number of the volunteers in our city2 ,000. And sixty percent of themteachers and students.
A.is; isB.is; areC.are; isD.are; are
【答案】B
【解析】
句意:在我们城市志愿者的数量为2000.他们中的百分之六十是教师和学生。根据句意,结合语法知识the number of,……的数目,做主语时谓语动词使用单数形式,而percent做主语时,谓语动词的单复数需要依据of后面的单词。故答案为B.
人教版中考英语复习专题主谓一致-知识点归纳与练习
人教版中考英语复习专题主谓一致-知识点归纳与练习一、主谓一致1.--Where is Grace?--She with her brother playing basketball at school.A.is practice B.is practicing C.are practicing D.are practice【答案】B【解析】句意:——格雷斯在哪里?——她正在和她哥哥在学校练习打篮球。
be后跟现在分词,构成现在进行时态,此句的主语为she,with her brother做状语,be用is,故答案为B。
点睛:主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with,together with,along with,as well as,besides,except,but,like等介词或介词短语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。
Mike, like his brother, enjoys playing football. 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。
2.--- Do you like pop music?--- Yes, very much. But _____ my father _____ my mother likes it. They both like Beijing Opera. A.both, and B.either, or C.not only, but also D.neither, nor【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:——你喜欢流行音乐吗?——是的,非常喜欢。
但是我爸爸和妈妈都不喜欢。
他们喜欢京剧。
考查并列连词辨析。
A. both, and两者都…;B. either, or或者…或者…,表示两者之一;C. not only, but also不但…而且…;D. neither, nor既不…也不…,表示两者都不。
2020人教版中考英语复习测试语法过关专题十一:主谓一致
精选文档666专题十一主谓一致Ⅰ . 用括号中所给单词的适合形式填空1.The best things in life are(be)free ,like smiles,love and good memories.(2019 贵阳 )2.There are(be)many things to enjoy about travelling,including the natural beauty and delicious food.(2019 南京 )3.About 300 to 1 ,000 red-crowned cranes fly to Yancheng Nature Reserve every year to spend the winter.(fly)(2019 盐城 )4.The silk scarf is pretty and matches her blue coat very well.(match)(2019 扬州 )5.The teacher with his students is(be)proud of their performance after the SchoolMusic Festival.(2019 龙东 )6.Look ! The Smiths are eating(eat ) dinner in the kitchen.7.Look ! A set of keys is lying(lie ) on the ground.Whose are they?Ⅱ . 单项选择( B )8.Playing computer games too often bad for us.A.amB.isC.are( B )9.Two months a long time.We can visit our grandparents during the vacation.A.amB.isC.are( A )10.Neither Tom nor I interested in playing WeChat.A.amB.isC.areD.be( B )11.Look ! The police the food onto the bank of the river.(2019 广元昭化区模拟 ) A.is carrying B.are carryingC.are carried精选文档666( B )12.Peter with his classmates for the bus when the earthquake happened.(2019兰州 )A.is waitingB.was waitingC.are waitingD.were waiting( A )13. — There a book sale in our school.Would you like to have a look with me?— Sure.I’ d love to.(2019 湘西 )A.isB.haveC.are( C )14. — Lucy,there too many things on the desk.What a mess!— Sorry ,Mum.I’ ll put them away.(2019 郴州 )A.haveB.isC.are( B )15. — Only a small number of students able to pass the exam.— Yes.The number of them no more than 20.A.is ;isB.are ;isC.is;areD.are ;are( C )16.Everyone except Tom and John there when the meeting began.A.areB.isC.wasD.were。
(最新整理)2019-2020年中考英语基础语法十三主谓一致和倒装句
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2019-2020年中考英语基础语法十三主谓一致和倒装句01 命题趋势考标导向化主谓一致是初中阶段的重要语法项目之一,经常出现在近几年的中考试卷中。
考查重点是主谓一致:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则,其中语法一致原则和就近一致原则是历年的考查热点.从命题形式来看,主要以单项选择为主,在完形填空、句型转换和翻译句子中有时也会涉及此考点。
02 定义概念清晰化主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。
主谓一致必须遵循三个原则,即语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近一致原则。
语法一致原则是指主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致,即主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。
意义一致原则是主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致,即主语形式上为单数,但意义为复数,则谓语动词用复数形式;若主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义,则谓语动词用单数形式。
就近一致原则也叫邻近原则,是指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。
03 知识归类知识网络化❶语法一致原则分类图解使用情况例句“不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、从句”等用作主The girl is fond of singing。
To protect the environment is语,谓语动词用单数形式.our duty.Reading in the sun is bad for our eyes.表示复数的名词、代词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。
2019中考英语主谓一致考点解析与练习题
2019 中考英语主谓一致考点分析与练习题一、复习目标:1复习主谓一致旳定义;2,复习稳固主谓一致按照旳原则和用法二、复习过程:(一)主谓一致旳定义:在英语句子中,大多数主语都是名词或代词 . 名词旳单复数形式直接影响着谓语动词旳形式,也就是说,谓语动词旳单复数形式要和主语保持一致,这类谓语在人称和数方面与主语旳一致就叫主谓一致.比如, Tom does his homework on time every day.They are good at playing the guitar.( 二 ) ,主谓一致按照旳三项原则:1语法一致原则:谓语动词要和它旳主语在语法形式上获得一致,即单数主语用单数动词,复数主语用复数动词 .China _______(be) a big country with a long history.All the students________(love) their math teacher.2意义一致原则:谓语动词旳单数或复数要取决于主语表达旳意义,而不是形式 .No news ________(be) good news.The family _______(be) talking about the news.3周边一致原则:谓语动词旳数要与它最周边旳名词旳数保持一致 .Not only his parents but also his brother _______(go) to the Summer Palace. They haven ’ t been back.( 三 ) 用法:单调主语旳主谓一致1 一般状况下,主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词用单数形式.He _______(like ) playing football.2表示国家、城市、人名、书名、报纸、杂志及组织等专闻名词作主语,往常作为整体对待,谓语动词用单数形式 .The United States ______(lie) in North America.The New York Times ________(read) all over the United States.3以-s 结尾旳名词自己不表示复数意义时,谓语动词往常用单数形式,如news, maths, physics, plastics 等.Maths ______(be) very popular in our class.Plastics ______(be) a kind of matter.4表示时间、距离、重量、长度、价值等复数名词作主语表示整体观点时,谓语动词常用单数形式 .Ten days ______(be) enough for us to do the work.Eighty dollars ______(be) a little expensive to buy a coat.5 一些由两个对应部分构成一体旳复数名词,如 trousers, glasses, shoes 等作主语时,谓语部分用复数形式,若前方由 kind of, pair of, glass of等表示确立数目旳名词短语修饰主语时,谓语动词应与等旳形式一致. The shoes _______(be) his elder brother’ s.This pair of shoes _______(be) his elder brother’s.There _______(be) two glasses of water on the table.There _______(be) many kinds of flowers in the garden.6 代词 something, anything, nothing, everyone, anybody, nobody, each,neither, either, little, much, one 做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式.Neither of the books ______(be) mine.Each of them _______(have) an English dictionary.One of the students __________(have not ) gone to Shanghai.7 非谓语动词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式.Playing computer games_______(be) my favourite.What you said _______(be) wrong.8 people, police等集体名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式.People here _______(be) very friendly.The police ________(be) running after a thief yesterday.9 有些形容词前方加上定冠词the ,如 the poor, the rich, the old, theyoung, the blind等用来表示一类人时,主语是复数,谓语动词也用复数.The blind ______(be) in great need of help.The rich ______(be) for the plan, but the poor ______(be) against it.10 family, class, team, group 等集体名词做主语,若指一个整体时,谓语动词用单数形式,若指详细成员时,谓语动词用复数形式 .My family ______(be) a large one.My family all ________(like) playing computer games.11 由 a lot of, lots of, plenty of a number of+ 名词或分数 +名词作主语时,谓语动词旳形式依据名词旳单复数而定 .A lot of students _______(be) waiting outside.Three fifths of the water _______(be) dirty.One third of the class _______(come) from country.注: The number of + 复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式.The number of the students in our school _______(be) over one thousand.并列主语旳主谓一致1 两个或两个以上旳单数名词用 and 连结起来做主语时,谓语动词用以下三种状况:(1)当两个并列主语不是同一事物时,谓语动词用复数形式.The boy and the girl _______(come) from Japan.Both Lily and Lucy _______(invite) to the party yesterday.(2)当这两个名词是同一个人或事物时,谓语动词用单数形式.The teacher and writer ______(be) my friend.(3)当 and 连结旳两个主语被 each, every 或 no 修饰时,谓语动词用单数形式 .Every boy and every girl _______(have) the right to education.Every teacher and every student ______(need) dictionaries.2 由 either, either or , neither nor , not only but also等词连结并列主语时,谓语动词常和最靠近旳主语保持人称和数一致.Neither you nor LI Hua_______(have) been to Beijing before.Is he or you ______(be) wrong.3 名词后跟 as well as, with , together with, but, besides, except,like,including, along with等指引旳短语时,后边旳谓语动词旳数与前方旳名词保持一致 .The teacher as well as the students _______(like) the drawing.My father, together with his friends, ______(be) going to visit theGreat Wall.Everyone except Tomand John _______(be) there when the meeting began.There be构造旳谓语( 1)There be构造中旳是谓语动词,它在人称和数上应和后来旳主语保持一致,即主语是不行数名词或单数可数名词时用is ;主语是复数用are.There _____a picture on the wall.There _____ some meat on the plate.There ______some people in the hall.be 动词应采纳“周边原则” ,即应若 be 后有两个或两个以上旳名词作主语时,与周边旳主语在数上保持一致.There _____an apple and some oranges in the basket.(2) There be 构造常有时态有一般此刻时、一般过去时、一般未来时、此刻达成时等,其时态旳变化都是 be 动词来达成和表现旳 .时态谓语动词例句一般此刻时are\is There are two girls in theroom.一般过去时were\was There was a bike under thetree just now.一般未来时will be\is(are) going to There will______ (be\have)be a meeting tomorrow morning.There are going to______(be\have) twofootball matches thisafternoon.此刻达成时have(has) been There______( have\has)been great changes in myhometown.注: There be 构造还能够和神态动词连用,表示推断 .There must be no one in the room.达标练习一选择1 I think both of them_______ is \are) good works.2 Thirty-five dollars_________(is\are) too much for this sweater.3 This pair of glasses_______(is\are) not Mr. Brown ’s.4 Neither I nor classmate _______(has\have) seen the new TV play.5 I think maths ________(is\are) too difficult for the little boy.6 Mrs. Smith with her two daughters _________(watch\watches)TV every day.7 Nothing ________(is\are) different from what we thought.8 The PRC_________(was\were) founded in 1949.9 There _______(is\are) some milk in the glass.10 There ________(is\are) several knives and an eraser in the pencil-box.二改错1 The population of the town are more than one million.2 The headmaster with three teachers have gone to Guangzhou.3 This pair of trousers on the bed are new.4 Neither he nor I are a doctor.5 We usually have seven lessons a day ,and each of them last forty-five minutes.6 The old is taken good care of .8.There are two boys swim in the lake.三.挑战中考1.Both Lily and Lucy ___________ to the party yesterday.A. invitedB. was invitedC. had invitedD.were invited2. Everyone except Tomand John __________ there when the meeting began.A. areB. isC. wasD. were3. Henry, with his friends,__________volleyball every Saturday afternoon.A. playB. playsC. has playedD. have played4._________ the books in our library ________ about 20,000.A. The number of ; areB. A number of; isC. The number of; isD.Anumber of; are5.There ______ some children playing on the playground.A. isB. areC. hasD. have6.There ___________ a football match on TV this evening.A. will haveB. is going to beC. hasD. is going to have7.Do you know how many sheep ________ in Australia?A. is thereB. there isC. are thereD. there are8. Either of the two books ___________ for you . You can choose one.A. are B . were C. is D. was一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一。
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2019-2020年人教版朗文初三英语寒假专题主谓一致一. 本周教学内容:寒假专题主谓一致主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语一致。
下面让我们看看不同类型的主谓一致。
1. 名词做主语(1)单复数主谓一致A) 一般词汇:有些词汇的复数形式是固定不变的,如:crossroads (十字路口;聚焦点), headquarters (总部), means (方法,手段), species (种类,品种), series (系列)等,但其动词的单复数取决于两点:a) 取决于限定词:例:Every means has been tried but without much result.(各种方法都试过,可没有多大效果。
)b) 取决于上下文内容、作者所要表达的意思、特指还是泛指:例:Are/ Is there any other means of solving the problem?(还有什么其它解题的方法吗?注意:这里可以用are表示其它方法,也可以用is表示和现在所用的方法相对比的另一种方法。
)My favorite book is The Old Man and the Sea.(我喜爱的书是《老人与海》。
注意:本句是特指。
)Our TV series are much better than those of Japan.(我国的电视剧比日本的好得多。
注意:本句是泛指。
)c) 从句做主语How to develop a healthy habit is a good question to discuss.d) 学科名词一般用单数谓语动词。
这样的词有:economics(经济学), electronics(电子学), mathematics(数学), politics(政治学)等等。
例:Politics is a good topic for discussion.(政治是谈论的好题目。
)e)有些表示成双成对的词,常常只用复数形式,动词一律用复数,也不能用不定冠词。
比如要表示“一……”,要使用量词,通常使用“a pair of”。
这样的词有:eyeglasses(眼镜), pants (裤子), scissors(剪刀), shoes(鞋), shorts(短裤), socks(短袜), stockings(长统袜), trousers (裤子)等。
B) 无复数形式的名词a) 有些名词,特别是一些表示动物的名词,其单复数形式是固定不变的,但其动词的单复数取决于其限定词和上下文内容。
例:That Japanese has been to China for twenty times.(这位日本人已来过中国20次了。
)Those Japanese are visitors to our university.(那些日本人是到我们大学来参观的客人。
)b) 集合名词:大部分集合名词都可使用单数或复数动词,这主要取决于作者的强调点:强调整体时,用单数谓语;强调这个集体里的成员时,用复数谓语。
这样的集合名词有:army(军队), audience(观众、听众), crowd(人群), firm(公司), government(政府), group(组、群), public(公众), staff(全体工作人员), union(联盟)等。
例:The audience was excited by the excellent show.(精彩的演出使全体观众情绪激昂。
)The public is/are requested not to leave litter in the public places.(公众不能在公共场所乱扔垃圾。
)注意:还有一些集合名词也没有复数形式,但只能做复数名词使用,谓语动词应该用复数。
这样的man(人类), police(警察)等。
c) 专有名词和不可数名词的谓语一律用单数谓语。
前者指人名、地名、国家名、城市名、书名、机构名或重大事件。
后者又可分为物质和抽象名词两大类。
例:The United Nations is trying to find a better way to bring the two parties together.(联合国正在寻求更有效的方法来调停双方。
)C) 另外,还有特殊复数形式的名词也需要你的特殊注意。
这些词的复数形式可能并不明显,所以常导致谓语单复数错误。
特殊复数形式的名词:phenomenon - phenomena(现象), goose - geese(鹅), mouse - mice(老鼠)等(2)不定代词和带限定词的名词做主语A) 不定代词或every加名词做主语:every, each, either, neither, one, no one, somebody, anybody, nobody, everyone, someone, anyone, everyone, something, anything, nothing, everything在句中做主语,或做限定词限定一个名词时,后面的谓语一律用单数。
注意:上述词语做限定词加of时,后面的名词或代词都应该用复数,但谓语却用单数。
即使有定语从句,其主句、从句谓语仍用单数。
例:Each one of us who is now living remembers the event.B) 限定词加名词做主语:all, any, many, more, most, some的谓语动词的单复数取决于它们所修饰的名词。
a) all, any, many, more, most, some修饰单数名词时,谓语为单数;当修饰复数名词时谓语为复数。
例:All of the world is against wars.(全世界都反对战争。
)There is some girl at the telephone who wants to speak to you.(有个女孩打电话来,找你。
)b) all, any, many, more, most, some加复数名词时,谓语用复数动词。
例:All roads lead to Rome.(条条大路通罗马。
)c) all, any, many, more, most, some修饰不可数名词时,谓语用单数动词。
例:If there is any trouble, please come to me.(如果有什么困难,请来找我。
)More experience is important for getting a good job.(要得到好工作,重要的是要有更多的经验。
)2. 含有of的短语和介宾短语做主语(1)half of, all of, any of, a lot of, most of, … percent of, some of, five sevenths of等短语的动词单复数取决于of后面所跟的名词或代词,即:单数名词或代词要求用单数动词;复数名词或代词用复数动词,不可数名词或代词用单数动词。
例:Half of my spare time is spent on my hobby.(我一半的业余时间都花在我的爱好上了。
)(2)a number of后面要求加复数名词或代词,其动词用复数形式;但the number of后面加复数名词或代词时,其谓语用单数。
因为前者的意思是“大量、许多、若干”,等于numbers of;后者的意思是“总数、合计”,强调的是一个数字,所以应该看成单数主语。
(3)the rest(of)表示“剩余、其余”,其用法也有二:a) of后面可接单数、复数及不可数名词,相应的谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面所跟的名词。
b) 如果the rest表示的是剩下的东西,则谓语动词用单数;如果表示的是其余的,特别指人时,其谓语动词应该用复数。
例:The majority of students went to the lab, the rest are staying in the classroom.(多数学生去了实验室,其余的人留在教室。
)(4)当主语不止一个,且主语间由介词with, together with, along with, as well as, as much as, no less than, more than, not to mention, including, like, but, except等连接时,其谓语动词取决于前一个主语,即上述介词前的名词或代词。
例:Television, along with other means of communication, helps us to keep informed about contemporary affairs.3. 连词加名词做主语(1)not only……but also, either……or, neither……nor, or等连接多个主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于离谓语最近的那个主语。
这就是我们常说的“就近原则”。
例:Not only one but also all of us were invited.(不只是一个,而是我们全体都受到邀请。
)(2)由and连接两个或多个主语时,后面一般都跟复数谓语动词,只有在下述几种情况下,才要求接单数谓语:A) 表示“兼”时:例:The singer and dancer attends our evening.(这位歌手兼舞蹈家参加了我们的晚会。
)注意:表示两个人时,and后面应加不定冠词、定冠词或其它限定词。
B) 固定词组a knife and fork(一副刀叉), a cup and saucer(带茶托的茶杯), ice-cream and cake(冰淇淋蛋糕), iron and steel(钢铁)等,动词一律用单数。
注意:如果把and前面和后面的词作为两个不同的内涵(通常在and后面的名词或代词前加不定冠词、定冠词或其它限定词),则说明and起并联作用,谓语应该用复数。
例:There are a knife and a fork.(桌子上有一把刀子和一把叉子。
)4. 数词、量词和动名词等做主语(1)量词做主语:凡是计量时间、距离、金钱、体积、尺寸等的度量衡做主语时,谓语动词都用单数。
常见的这种词有:years, dollars, dozens, miles, length, width等。
例:100 years is too long.(100年太长。
)(2)数学上的加、减、乘、除的规律是:加法和乘法的谓语动词单复数皆可;而减法和除法的谓语动词一律用单数。