我国农业信息化的现状及发展策略

摘要

农业是国民经济的基础。在我国，农业的地位尤为重要。“统筹城乡经济社会发

展，建设现代农业，发展农村经济，增加农民收入，是全面建设小康社会的重大任务。”党的十六大明确指出“信息化是我国加快实现工业化和现代化的必然选择”，并把“大力推进信息化”作为2l世纪头20年经济建设和改革的主要任务之一，提出走“以信息化带动工业化”的新型工业化道路。2005年，中央一号文件第五条第十四款中首次明

确强调要求“加强农业信息化建设”；2006年中央一号文件第四条第十六款“加快乡

村基础设施建设中”中再次指出“要积极推进农业信息化建设，充分利用和整合涉农

信息资源，强化面向农村的广播电视电信等信息服务，重点抓好“金农”工程和农业

综合信息服务平台建设工程”；2007年中央一号文件第三条中用一整款对农业信息化

进行了强调。在这样的背景下，如何加快农业信息化建设，进而通过农业信息化带动

农业现代化，无疑已成为当前经济建设和社会发展中的一个战略性问题。

本文首先从农业信息化所涉及的基本概念入手，论述了农业信息化的内涵以及农

业信息化对农业的发展和农业现代化建设的作用。其次对我国农业信息化水平进行测度，从定量角度分析了我国农业信息化的现状。在对国内外信息化水平测度方法的比

较研究的基础上确立了利用波拉特的信息经济测度方法来对我国农业信息化水平进

行测度，主要套用波拉特法确定了农业第一信息部门和农业第二信息部门以及计算两

个信息部门的产值，并得出了我国2000年～2004年农业信息化水平的初步数据。另外，还利用回归分析方法分析了选取的四种信息因素与农业产值之间的关系，从中可

以看出农林牧渔服务业(技术推广)影响最大，当然科技、教育等也发挥着重要作用。

最后重点分析了我国农业信息化建设进程中存在的主要问题：对农业信息化的认识存

在偏差、政府在农业信息化建设上主导作用发挥不够、农业信息化基础设施建设不足、农业信息资源建设水平低、农业信息化人才匮乏、农业信息化服务对象素质较低、农

业信息服务体系建设不完善，并据此提出了一些对策与建议：即加大宣传力度，提高

对农业信息化建设的认识水平、充分发挥政府在推进农业信息化建设中的主导作用、

加强农业信息化基础设施建设、加强农业信息资源建设，充分发挥农业信息资源的作用、加快培养和引进农业信息化建设人才、完善农村信息服务体系、增强农民信息意识、加速科技、教育和推广的结合等。

关键词：农业信息化水平，波拉特法，测度，对策

Abstract

Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy.In Our country，the position of agrculture is particularly important.It is a great task ofthe comprehensive well-off society construcfion to plan as a whole about the economic development of the urban and rural areas，to build modem agriculture，to develop rural economy and to increase peasant's income.The 16th National Congress of Communist Party of China points out that the informationization is the inevitable choice of our country to accelerate realizing industrialization and modernization.And sees“advancing the informationization in a more COst.e圩ective manner，’as the main task of economic construction and refoITn in the first 20 years of 21st centln了,proposes taking the new industrialized road of‘‘using the informationization to drive the industrialization”.The No.1 file of the central government

in 2005 puts emphasis on requiring“strengthen agricultural information construction'’

clearly for the first time in the 14th section the 5th item.The No.1 file of the central government in 2006 points out“advance the agricultural informationization construction actively,fully utilize and combine the agricultural information resources involves，strengthen information service such as the broadcast and television telecommunications

facing countryside，do a good job of“gold agriculture”project and the agricultural integrated information service platform construction project in“accelerating the construction of rural infrastructure”again in the 16th section the 4th item.And it uses the whole third item of the No.1 file of the central govemment to emphasize the agriculture informationization.Under such a background，how to accelerate the construction of the

agn’cultural informationization，and then drive agricultural modemization through the agricultural informationization，have undoubtedly already become a strategic problem in

the economic construction and social development at present.

This article firstly proceeds with basic conception that the agricultural

informationization involves，has described the connotation and the significance of the agricultural development and modernization of the agricultural informationization.

Secondly it measures the level of the agriculture informationization，and it analyses present situation of agricultural informationization in China with Econometrics method.Based on comparison of domestic and intemational method of measuring the informationization level，finally the author confirms to use Porat’S information economy measuring method to measure the level of OUr country’S agricultural informationization.It has mainly used Porat’S method to confirm the first information department and the second information department of agriculture and the output value calculation of the two information department，and has obtained the preliminary data of the level of the agricultural informationization from 2000 to 2004 of ourcountry.And then also has used the regression analysis method to analyze the relation between four kinds of information factors and agricultural output value chosen，Can find out that the service(technology popularization)

of the farming，forestry,animal husbandry and fishery is the most influential，of cause，the science and technology,education，etc.are playing all important role too.Finally mainly