生态连清理论在森林生态系统服务功能评估中的实践
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摇
2
中国水土保持科学
2016 年
well as parameters of ecosystem processes from research stations of CFERN, the system realized scientific evaluation of forest ecosystem service function. By means of correcting ecological parameters during the continuous observation in forest research stations, the ecological parameters in each evaluation indicator are updated, and thus the system of forest ecological continuous inventory has the function of continuous monitoring in the evaluation of forest ecosystem service function. The standardized construction of approach of achieving, methods and process of the parameters realizes comparability of the benefit of forest ecosystem service function evaluation and the possibility of multi鄄scale transformation. The technology of continuous observation and inventory of complete index system of forest ecosystem services consists of two subsystems: continuous investigation of field observation and distributed measurement evaluation. The former ensures the data of ecology continuous investigation system, and its basic requirement is unified measure and metering describing; the latter is precision guarantee system, and is the key of solving the assessment and scale transformation of forest ecosystem diversity. Comprehensive formulated positioning observation and evaluation criteria of the forest ecology continuous investigation evaluation system, revision and consummation of the evaluation model, and rectification of ecological parameters through the forest ecological station continuous observation, make the real鄄time updating of the index process ecological parameters feasible, and realize continuous monitoring and evaluation of the forest ecosystem service function. [ Results & conculsions ] Currently this system has been widely applied at national, provincial and regional scales as well as in forestry key projects and promoted the researches on forest ecosystem service function evaluation. More importantly, the system will also provide data supports for forest management and conservation, forest water and soil conservation evaluation and ecological restoration. By the end of the article, respectively the future development of ecosystem services from four aspects are pointed out: the research of mechanism and the application of data management, valued scientific implementation, transformation from ecosystem function to ecosystem services and the application of evaluation results in the national policy. Keywords: forest ecosystem; ecosystem services function; ecological continuous inventory system; complete index system; continuous observation; periodical inventory; service value; technology system
收稿日期: 2015 11 16摇 修回日期: 2016 01 12 项目名称: 林业公益性行业科研专项“ 森林生态服务功能分布式定位观测与模型模拟冶 (201204101) ;林业公益性行业科研专
项“ 东北森林生态要素全指标体系观测技术研究冶 (201404303) 作者简介: 王兵(1965—) ,男,博士,研究员。 主要研究方向:森林生态系统关键过程长期观测与模拟。 E鄄mail:wangbing@ caf.
摇 第 14 卷摇 第 1 期
2016 年 2 月
中国水土保持科学 Science of Soil and Water Conservation
Vol. 14摇 No. 1 Feb. 2016
生态连清理论在森林生态系统服务功能评估中的实践
王摇 兵
( 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室,100091,北京)
Practice of theory of ecological continuous inventory system in the evaluation of forest ecosystem service function
Wang Bing
( Research Institute of Forest Ewenku.baidu.comology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment, State Forestry Administration, 100091, Beijing, China)
摘要: 当前,国际上生态系统服务功能研究体系框架已相对完善,但缺少一套针对森林生态系统服务功能评估体 系。 中国森林生态连清体系创建及完善,填补了这一空白。 该体系巧妙地将森林资源清查体系和森林生态系统定 位观测研究网络( CFERN) 有机结合,通过森林资源清查体系直接获取森林资源信息,CFERN 生态站获取生态系统 各个生态过程的机制及参数,实现了森林生态系统服务功能的科学化评估。 通过 CFERN 生态站连续观测对生态 参数的纠偏,森林生态系统服务各项指标评估过程中所需的生态参数得以实时更新,使森林生态连清体系对森林 生态系统服务评估具备了连续监测的功能。 这一体系已在国家、林业重点工程、省级及地区等层面广泛应用,将森 林生态系统服务功能评估工作推进了一大步,为我国森林经营管理、森林水土保持功能评估、生态恢复等提供科学 的数据支撑。 关键词: 森林生态系统; 生态系统服务功能; 生态连清体系; 全指标体系; 连续观测; 定期清查; 服务价值; 技术 体系 中图分类号: S718郾 5 文献标志码: A 文章编号: 1672鄄3007(2016)01鄄0001鄄11 DOI: 10. 16843 / j. sswc. 2016. 01. 001
Abstract: [ Background ] Ecosystem service function is formed by ecosystem, ecological process, environment condition and utility to maintain the survival of humans, benefits that human beings can obtain from the ecological system, and the well鄄being they enjoy. Based on the domestic and international systematic analysis of ecosystem services foundation assessment researches, we analyzed the hot and difficult problems of it, introduced the latest research achievements in the field of the study. This paper pointed out that current international ecosystem services function research has been relatively well developed, but there is still a lack of system regarding forest ecosystem service function evaluation. Quantitative gain of evaluation indexes is always a main factor of perplexing the evaluation work. Creating and perfecting the technology of continuous observation and periodical inventory of complete index system of forest ecosystem services, filled the gap of this issue. [ Methods] This system will be able to be a combination of national forest resources inventory and Chinese forest ecosystem research network ( CFERN) . By achieving forest resource information through forest resource inventory and mechanisms as
摇
2
中国水土保持科学
2016 年
well as parameters of ecosystem processes from research stations of CFERN, the system realized scientific evaluation of forest ecosystem service function. By means of correcting ecological parameters during the continuous observation in forest research stations, the ecological parameters in each evaluation indicator are updated, and thus the system of forest ecological continuous inventory has the function of continuous monitoring in the evaluation of forest ecosystem service function. The standardized construction of approach of achieving, methods and process of the parameters realizes comparability of the benefit of forest ecosystem service function evaluation and the possibility of multi鄄scale transformation. The technology of continuous observation and inventory of complete index system of forest ecosystem services consists of two subsystems: continuous investigation of field observation and distributed measurement evaluation. The former ensures the data of ecology continuous investigation system, and its basic requirement is unified measure and metering describing; the latter is precision guarantee system, and is the key of solving the assessment and scale transformation of forest ecosystem diversity. Comprehensive formulated positioning observation and evaluation criteria of the forest ecology continuous investigation evaluation system, revision and consummation of the evaluation model, and rectification of ecological parameters through the forest ecological station continuous observation, make the real鄄time updating of the index process ecological parameters feasible, and realize continuous monitoring and evaluation of the forest ecosystem service function. [ Results & conculsions ] Currently this system has been widely applied at national, provincial and regional scales as well as in forestry key projects and promoted the researches on forest ecosystem service function evaluation. More importantly, the system will also provide data supports for forest management and conservation, forest water and soil conservation evaluation and ecological restoration. By the end of the article, respectively the future development of ecosystem services from four aspects are pointed out: the research of mechanism and the application of data management, valued scientific implementation, transformation from ecosystem function to ecosystem services and the application of evaluation results in the national policy. Keywords: forest ecosystem; ecosystem services function; ecological continuous inventory system; complete index system; continuous observation; periodical inventory; service value; technology system
收稿日期: 2015 11 16摇 修回日期: 2016 01 12 项目名称: 林业公益性行业科研专项“ 森林生态服务功能分布式定位观测与模型模拟冶 (201204101) ;林业公益性行业科研专
项“ 东北森林生态要素全指标体系观测技术研究冶 (201404303) 作者简介: 王兵(1965—) ,男,博士,研究员。 主要研究方向:森林生态系统关键过程长期观测与模拟。 E鄄mail:wangbing@ caf.
摇 第 14 卷摇 第 1 期
2016 年 2 月
中国水土保持科学 Science of Soil and Water Conservation
Vol. 14摇 No. 1 Feb. 2016
生态连清理论在森林生态系统服务功能评估中的实践
王摇 兵
( 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室,100091,北京)
Practice of theory of ecological continuous inventory system in the evaluation of forest ecosystem service function
Wang Bing
( Research Institute of Forest Ewenku.baidu.comology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment, State Forestry Administration, 100091, Beijing, China)
摘要: 当前,国际上生态系统服务功能研究体系框架已相对完善,但缺少一套针对森林生态系统服务功能评估体 系。 中国森林生态连清体系创建及完善,填补了这一空白。 该体系巧妙地将森林资源清查体系和森林生态系统定 位观测研究网络( CFERN) 有机结合,通过森林资源清查体系直接获取森林资源信息,CFERN 生态站获取生态系统 各个生态过程的机制及参数,实现了森林生态系统服务功能的科学化评估。 通过 CFERN 生态站连续观测对生态 参数的纠偏,森林生态系统服务各项指标评估过程中所需的生态参数得以实时更新,使森林生态连清体系对森林 生态系统服务评估具备了连续监测的功能。 这一体系已在国家、林业重点工程、省级及地区等层面广泛应用,将森 林生态系统服务功能评估工作推进了一大步,为我国森林经营管理、森林水土保持功能评估、生态恢复等提供科学 的数据支撑。 关键词: 森林生态系统; 生态系统服务功能; 生态连清体系; 全指标体系; 连续观测; 定期清查; 服务价值; 技术 体系 中图分类号: S718郾 5 文献标志码: A 文章编号: 1672鄄3007(2016)01鄄0001鄄11 DOI: 10. 16843 / j. sswc. 2016. 01. 001
Abstract: [ Background ] Ecosystem service function is formed by ecosystem, ecological process, environment condition and utility to maintain the survival of humans, benefits that human beings can obtain from the ecological system, and the well鄄being they enjoy. Based on the domestic and international systematic analysis of ecosystem services foundation assessment researches, we analyzed the hot and difficult problems of it, introduced the latest research achievements in the field of the study. This paper pointed out that current international ecosystem services function research has been relatively well developed, but there is still a lack of system regarding forest ecosystem service function evaluation. Quantitative gain of evaluation indexes is always a main factor of perplexing the evaluation work. Creating and perfecting the technology of continuous observation and periodical inventory of complete index system of forest ecosystem services, filled the gap of this issue. [ Methods] This system will be able to be a combination of national forest resources inventory and Chinese forest ecosystem research network ( CFERN) . By achieving forest resource information through forest resource inventory and mechanisms as