语言学 概念功能

– An actor (logical subject)
– The goal of the action (logical direct object)
• E.g
– The lion caught the tourist
– Actor Process Goal
a
5
Mental process 心理过程
•Expressed by Identified and Identifier.(or token and value)
•E.g. John
is our monitor.
Identified process Identifier
Token process Value
a
9
Verbal process 言语过程
Metafunctions
Ideational function 概念功能
a
1
Metafunctions元功能
(different modes of meaning construed by the grammar)
Ideational function 概念功能
Metafunctions----
•E.g. My watch says that is ten o’clock.
• Sayer
Verbiage
She asks me to get up
a
10
Behavioral process 行为过程
• Behavioral processes refer to physiological and psychological behavior such as breathing, coughing, smiling, laughing, crying, staring, and dreaming, etc.
a
3
• The ideational function mainly consists of “transitivity” and “voice”.
– Transitivity is simply the grammar of the clause in its ideational aspect.
Sensor process phenomena
Cognition (认知)
I
know that she was absent
Sensor process phenomena
a
7
Relational process 关系过程
•Relational process can be classified into two types: Attributive and Identifying.
–
Carrier
a process
Attribute 8
Identifying expresses the identical properties of two entities, which means one entity is being used to identify another. And usually are reversible..
• Mental processes are processes expressing such mental phenomena as “perception”(e.g. see, look), “reaction”(e.g. like, please), and cognition(e.g. know, believe).
• There are six different types of processes represented in language:
– Material process 物质过程
– Mental process 心理过程
– Relational process 关系过程
– Verbal process 言语过程
– Behavioral process 行为a 过程
4
Material process 物质过程
• Material process are those in which something is done.
• Expressed by
– An action verb (e.g. Beat, break, kick)
• Involves two participants:
– Senser – phenomena
a
6
E.g.
•Perception (感知)
–John saw the murderer
Sensor process phenomena
Reaction (反应)
My sister likes the skirt
•Attributive is about what attributes a certain object has, or what type it belongs to. Expressed Biblioteka Baiduy:
– Attribute—the quality, Carrier—the entity
– E.g. Today’s weather is going to be warm.
• The ideational function is a meaning potential, because whatever specific use one is making of language he has to refer a categories of his experience of the world.
Interpersonal function 人际功能
textual function 语篇功能
a
2
Ideational Function （概念功能)
• The ideational function(“experiential” and “logical”) is to convey new information, to communicate a content that is unknown to the hearer.
•Verbal process are those of exchange information. Commonly used verbs are :
– Say, tell, talk, praise, boast, describe, etc.
•The main participants are Sayer, Receiver, and Verbiage