历年考研英语翻译

2012年

In physics, one approach takes this impulse for unification to its extreme, and seeks a theory of everything — a single generative equation for all we see 46. 在物理学中，一种途径将这种同一性（普遍性）的探求发挥到极致，并诉求一种普世理论，即一条具有普遍性的生成等式。

47.Here, Darwinism seems to offer justification, for if all humans share common origins, it seems reasonable to suppose that cultural diversity could also be traced to more constrained beginnings. 47. 譬如，达尔文物种起源论似乎可提供有力的佐证。如果人类享有共同的起源，那么似乎可以合理地认为，文化多样性也应享有更近似的根源。

48. To filter out what is unique from what is shared might enable us to understand how complex cultural behavior arose and what guides it in evolutionary or cognitive terms. 48. 从共性中区别出个性，可使人从进化的视角或认知的角度，洞悉复杂的文化行为赖以产生的方式，探求诱发文化行为的因素。

49.The second, by Joshua Greenberg, takes a more empirical approach to universality, identifying traits (particularly in word order) shared by many languages, which are considered to represent biases that result from cognitive constraints. 49．第二则语言普遍论是由约瑟夫·格林伯格提出的，以实证方式辨识世界诸语所共享的特征，特别是词序，这些语言特征被视为由人类认知局限引发的偏见。

50. Chomsky's grammar should show patterns of language change that are independent of the family tree or the pathway tracked through it, whereas Greenberian universality predicts strong co-dependencies between particular types of word-order relations. 50. 乔姆斯基语法揭示的是语言变化的模式，这些模式与语言谱系树或由其追溯的路径无关，而格林伯格的普遍性理论预示了特定词序关系中存在紧密的依存关系。【乔姆斯基的普遍语法可呈现语言变化的诸种模式，这些模式不依谱系树而存在，也不依贯穿谱系树的路径而存在，而格林伯格派主张的普遍性理论则预言：特定词序类型关系间存在紧密的依存性。】

2011年英译汉全文翻译

With its theme that “Mind is the master weaver,” creating our inner character and outer circumstances, the book As a Man Thinking by James Allen is an in-depth exploration of the cent ral idea of self-help writing.

詹姆斯·艾伦的《作为一名思想者》[1]深入探讨了自助类书籍的核心概念。该书的主要观点是“意识是编织大师”，意识塑造了我们的内在性格和外在环境。

(46) Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share—that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts—and reveal its erroneous nature.

艾伦的贡献在于，他探讨了一个公认的假设“因为我们不是机器人，所以我们能控制自己的想法”，并揭示了其错误的本质。

(47) while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question: “Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that? ”

我们或许只靠意识就能维持“掌控一切”的幻觉，但事实上我们一直面临一个问题：“为什么我不能让自己做到这件事或实现那个目标？”

(48) This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.

艾伦这本书的亮点还在于指出了“环境不会造就人，而是反映人。”这似乎为忽视需要帮助的人找到了借口，使剥削变得有合理化了，使富人优越、穷人卑微变得有道理了。

(49)circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us and if we feel that we have been “wronged” then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation.

环境似乎诣在激发我们最大的潜能；如果我们感到“上天不公”，就不太可能有意识地试图脱离现状。

(50) The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us; where before we were experts in the array of limitations, now we become authorities of what is possible.

从积极的方面看，既然万事都取决于我们自己，那么就有无限可能；过去，我们是应对种种局限性的专家；现在，我们成了掌控所有可能性的权威。

2010年

46scinentists jumped to the resure withsomedistimctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eatusup of birds failed to control them

46.科学家们赶紧拿出某些明显站不住脚的证据前来救驾，大致说的是如果鸟儿不能控制害虫的话，害虫就会把我们吃掉。

47but we have at least drawn near the pointofadmitting that birds should continue as a matter ofintrinsicright,regardless of the presence or absence of economicadvantageto us

47.但是我们至少已经几乎承认了这样一种观点：那就是鸟儿的生存是它们的固有权利，不管它对我们是否有经济利益。

48time was when biologists somewhat overwordedthe evidence that these creatures preserve the health of gamebykilling the physically weak,or that they prey only on“worthlessspecies

48.曾几何时，生物学家总是重述以下的这条证据：这些生物是为了维持食物链的正常运行去捕食弱小的生物或“没有价值的物种”。

49in europe,whereforestry is ecologically more advanced ,the ncommercialtreespecies are recognized ad mrs of native forest community ,tobepreserved as such ,within reason

49.在生态林业较为先进的欧洲，没有成为商业化对象的树种被视为原始森林群落的成员适当地加以保护。

50It tends to ignore,andthus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the landcommunitythat lack commercial value, but that are essential to itshealthyning.

50.他容易忽视并最终消灭很多缺乏商业价值的物种，然而这些物种对于整个生物群落的健康运行是至关重要的。

2009年

46.It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging