新概念英语二册教学大纲

新概念英语第二册教学大纲

一、知识要点

I.关键句型

1. 语序

(1) Word order in simple statements简单陈述句的语序(Unit 1)

陈述句用来叙述一件事情。凡是叙述一件事情的陈述句都市简单陈述句。

常见的有以下几种基本句型：

1) 主语＋系动词＋表语（＋状语）

例如：Tom is very happy today.

2) 主语＋谓语（不及物动词）（＋状语）

例如：We didn’t go to the cinema yesterday.

3) 主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语（＋状语）

例如：He wrote a book in senior high school.

4) 主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋间接宾语＋直接宾语（＋状语）

例如：My father bought me a very good bike on my birthday.

5) 主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语＋宾语补足语（＋状语）

例如：I don’t want you to work too hard.

6) There be＋主语＋状语

例如：There are many story books in his schoolbag.

(2) Word order in compound statements并列句中的语序(Unit 2)

并列句由两个或两个以上相互不依从的句子构成。

并列句的各个分句之前通常用并列连词连接，并列连词前可用逗号，也可不用。

其结构为：简单句+并列连词+简单句。主要并列连词有: and, but, so, or, both…and, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also… (as well)等。

主要并列连词的用法：

1) and: 意为“和，而且”，表示同等关系或递进关系。

例如：I went there by train and she went there by plane.

2) but: 意为“但是”，表示转折关系。

例如：He is poor, but he is happy.

3) so: 意为“因此”，表示因果关系。

例如：We studied very hard, so we passed the exam.

4) or: 意为“或者，否则”，表示选择关系。

例如：Are you going with us or will you stay at home?

5) both…and…: 意为“两者都”，表示并列关系。

例如：Both Tom and Peter are good at playing football.

6) either...or…: 意为“不是……就是……，或者……或者……”，表示选择关系。

例如：Either the teacher didn't explain the sentence clearly, or I didn't understand it.

7) neither ...nor…: 意为“既不……也不……”，表示选择关系。

例如：Neither she nor I speak German.

8) not only...but also… (as well): 意为“不但……而且”，表示同等关系。

例如：He was not only a good father, but he was also a good husband.

(3) Word order in complex statements复合句的语序(Unit 3)

复合句也称主从句，即主句和从句。从句须有引导词或叫连词引出，否则复合句不

成立。连词既起连接主句和从句的作用，表明主从句之间的关系，还在从句中充当

一定的成份，有一定的意义。

本册中主要讨论状语从句和定语从句。

1) 状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动

词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。

①时间状语从句

常用的从属连词有：when, while, as, till, until, after, before, as soon as等。

例如：Don’t get excited when you talk.

It will be five years before we meet again.

②地点状语从句

常用的从属连词有：where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere等。

例如：Please keep sitting where you are.

Everywhere he went, he was introduced as the current US champion.

③条件状语从句

常用的从属连词有：if, unless等。

例如：I must leave if that’s the case.

I won’t write unless he writes first.

④原因状语从句

常用的从属连词有：because, since, as, now that等。

例如：He was worried because he hadn’t had any letter from her.

As David had a passion for walking, we started off on foot.

⑤目的状语从句

常用的从属连词有：to, in order to, so as to, so that, in order that等。

例如：Ask her to hurry up with the letters so that I can sign them.

He left early in order that his children would not be alone in the house.

⑥结果状语从句

常用的从属连词有：so… that…, such… that…等。

例如：He was so fat that he couldn’t get though the door.

He shut the window with such force that the glass broke.

⑦让步状语从句

常用的从属连词有：although, though, even if, even though等。

例如：He’s very lovable although not at all tidy.

I wouldn’t do it, even if you paid me a thousand pounds.

⑧方式状语从句

常用的从属连词有：as, like, as if, as though, however等。

例如：When at Rome, do as the Romans do.

When she had finished she waited as though for a reply.

⑨比较状语从句

常用的从属连词有：as… as…, not as/so… as, than…等。

例如：That’s not so simple as it sounds.

They work harder than we do.

2) 定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先

行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系代词或关系副词引出。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。关系副词有：when, where, why等。

①关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

例如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.