Microphone Array and Beamforming - Forward麦克风阵列波束形成了
ADMP504ACEZ-RL7 超低噪声麦克风数据手册说明书
ADMP504ACEZ-RL7Ultralow Noise Microphone with Bottom Port and Analog OutputData SheetADMP504Rev. AInformation furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However , no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. T rademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.O ne Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 Fax: 781.461.3113 ©2011–2012 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.FEATURESTiny, 3.35 mm × 2.50 mm × 0.88 mm surface-mount package Omnidirectional response Very high SNR of 65 dBA Sensitivity of −38 dBVExtended frequency response from 100 Hz to 20 kHz Low current consumption: 180 µA Single-ended analog output 120 dB maximum SPL High PSR of 70 dBVCompatible with Sn/Pb and Pb-free solder processes RoHS/WEEE compliantAPPLICATIONSSmartphones and feature phones Tablet computersTeleconferencing systems Digital still and video cameras Bluetooth headsets Notebook PCsSecurity and surveillanceFUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM10140-001DDOUTPUTFigure 1.10140-011Figure 2. Isometric Views of ADMP504 Microphone PackageGENERAL DESCRIPTIONThe ADMP5041 is a high performance, very low noise, low power, analog output, bottom-ported omnidirectional MEMS microphone. The ADMP504 consists of a MEMS microphone element, an impedance converter and an output amplifier. The ADMP504 sensitivity specification makes it an excellent choice for both near field and far field applications. The ADMP504 is function- and pin-compatible with the ADMP404 microphone, providing an easy upgrade path.The ADMP504 has very high SNR and extended wideband frequency response, resulting in natural sound with highintelligibility. Low current consumption enables long battery life for portable applications. The ADMP504 complies with the TIA-920 Telecommunications Telephone Terminal Equipment Transmission Requirements for Wideband Digital Wireline Telephones standard.The ADMP504 is available in an ultraminiature 3.35 mm × 2.5 mm × 0.88 mm surface-mount package. It is reflow solder compatible with no sensitivity degradation. The ADMP504 is halide free.1Protected by U.S. Patents 7,449,356; 7,825,484; 7,885,423; 7,961,897. Other patents are pending.OBS OEADMP504Data SheetRev. A | Page 2 of 12TABLE OF CONTENTSFeatures .............................................................................................. 1 Applications ....................................................................................... 1 Functional Block Diagram .............................................................. 1 General Description ......................................................................... 1 Revision History ............................................................................... 2 Specifications ..................................................................................... 3 Absolute Maximum Ratings ............................................................ 4 ESD Caution .................................................................................. 4 Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions ............................. 5 Typical Performance Characteristics ............................................. 6 Applications Information ................................................................ 7 Supporting Documents ................................................................7 Handling Instructions .......................................................................8 Pick-and-Place Equipment ..........................................................8 Reflow Solder .................................................................................8 Board Wash ....................................................................................8 PCB Land Pattern Layout .................................................................9 Reliability Specifications ................................................................ 10 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 11 Ordering Guide .. (11)REVISION HISTORY6/12—Rev. 0 to Rev. AChanges to Figure 2 .......................................................................... 1 Changes to General Description Section ...................................... 1 Change to Power Supply Rejection Parameter, Table 1 ............... 3 Changes to Supporting Documents Section ................................. 7 Changes to Reflow Solder Section .. (8)10/11—Revision 0: Initial VersionOBS OL E T EData SheetADMP504Rev. A | Page 3 of 12SPECIFICATIONST A = 25°C, V DD = 1.8 V , unless otherwise noted. All minimum and maximum specifications are guaranteed. Typical specifications are not guaranteed. Table 1.Parameter Symbol Test Conditions/Comments Min Typ Max Unit PERFORMANCEDirectionalityOmni Sensitivity1 kHz, 94 dB SPL−41 −38 −35 dBV Signal-to-Noise Ratio SNR 20 Hz to 20 kHz, A-weighted 65 dBA Equivalent Input Noise EIN 20 Hz to 20 kHz, A-weighted29 dBA SPL Dynamic RangeDerived from EIN and maximum acoustic input 91 dB Frequency Response 1 Low frequency −3 dB point 100 HzHigh frequency −3 dB point >20 kHz Total Harmonic Distortion THD 104 dB SPL3 % Power Supply Rejection PSR217 Hz, 100 mV p-p square wave superimposed on V DD = 1.8 V −70 dBV Maximum Acoustic Input Peak, 10% THD 120 dB SPL POWER SUPPLY Supply Voltage V DD1.6 3.3 V Supply Current I S V DD = 1.8 V 180 200 µAV DD = 3.3 V 200 225 µA OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Impedance Z OUT 200 Ω Output DC Offset 0.8 V Output Current Limit90 µA Maximum Output Voltage 120 dB SPL input, peak0.25 V Noise Floor20 Hz to 20 kHz, A-weighted, rms−103dBV1See Figure 5 and Figure 7.OBS OL E T EADMP504Data SheetRev. A | Page 4 of 12ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGSTable 2.Parameter RatingSupply Voltage−0.3 V to +3.6 V Sound Pressure Level (SPL) 160 dB Mechanical Shock 10,000 gVibrationPer MIL-STD-883 Method 2007, Test Condition B Temperature Range−40°C to +85°CStresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operationalsection of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.ESD CAUTION101T E M P E R A T U R ETIMET TFigure 3. Recommended Soldering Profile LimitsTable 3. Recommended Soldering Profile LimitsProfile FeatureSn63/Pb37Pb-FreeAverage Ramp Rate (T L to T P ) 1.25°C/sec maximum 1.25°C/sec maximum PreheatMinimum Temperature (T SMIN ) 100°C 150°C Maximum Temperature (T SMAX ) 150°C200°CTime (T SMIN to T SMAX ), t S 60 sec to 75 sec 60 sec to 75 sec Ramp-Up Rate (T SMAX to T L )1.25°C/sec1.25°C/sec Time Maintained Above Liquidous (t L ) 45 sec to 75 sec ~50 sec Liquidous Temperature (T L ) 183°C217°CPeak Temperature (T P )215°C + 3°C/−3°C 260°C + 0°C/−5°C Time Within 5°C of Actual Peak Temperature (t P ) 20 sec to 30 sec 20 sec to 30 sec Ramp-Down Rate3°C/sec maximum 3°C/sec maximum Time 25°C to Peak Temperature5 minutes maximum 5 minutes maximumOBS T EData SheetADMP504Rev. A | Page 5 of 12PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONSGNDOUTPUTTOP VIEW(TERMINAL SIDE DOWN)Not to ScaleADMP5041V DD3210140-003Figure 4. Pin ConfigurationTable 4. Pin Function DescriptionsPin No. Mnemonic Description1 OUTPUT Analog Output Signal2 GND Ground3V DDPower SupplyOBS OL E T EADMP504Data SheetRev. A | Page 6 of 12TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS–10–8–6–4–2024681010010k 1kFREQUENCY (Hz)S E N S I T I V I T Y(d B )10140-004Figure 5. Frequency Response Mask0–8010010kFREQUENCY (Hz)P S R (d B )1k–10–20–30–40–50–60–7010140-005Figure 6. Typical Power Supply Rejection vs. Frequency10–2020FREQUENCY (Hz)S E N S I T I V I T Y (d B )1001k 10k5–10–5–1510140-006Figure 7. Typical Frequency Response (Measured)OBS OL E T EData SheetADMP504Rev. A | Page 7 of 12APPLICATIONS INFORMATIONThe ADMP504 output can be connected to a dedicated codecmicrophone input (see Figure 8) or to a high input impedance gain stage (see Figure 9). A 0.1 μF ceramic capacitor placed close to the ADMP504 supply pin is used for testing and is recom-mended to adequately decouple the microphone from noise on the power supply. A dc-blocking capacitor is required at the output of the microphone. This capacitor creates a high-pass filter with a corner frequency atf C = 1/(2π × C × R )where R is the codec’s input impedance.A minimum value of 2.2 μF is recommended in Figure 8 because the input impedance of the ADAU1361/ADAU1761 can be as low as 2 kΩ at its highest PGA gain setting, which would result in a high-pass filter corner frequency at about 37 Hz. Figure 9 shows the ADMP504 connected to an ADA4897-1 op amp configured as a noninverting preamplifier.10140-007Figure 8. ADMP504 Connected to the Analog Devices ADAU1761or ADAU1361 Codec10140-008GAIN =(R1+R2)/R1OUTFigure 9. ADMP504 Connected to the ADA4897-1 Op AmpSUPPORTING DOCUMENTSEvaluation Board User GuideUG-325, EVAL-ADMP504Z-FLEX: Bottom-Ported Analog Output MEMS Microphone Evaluation BoardCircuit Note CN-0207, High Performance Analog MEMS Microphone’s Simple Interface to SigmaDSP Audio CodecApplication NotesAN-1003, Recommendations for Mounting and Connecting Analog Devices, Inc., Bottom-Ported MEMS Microphones AN-1068, Reflow Soldering of the MEMS Microphone AN-1112, Microphone Specifications ExplainedAN-1124, Recommendations for Sealing Analog Devices, Inc., Bottom-Port MEMS Microphones from Dust and Liquid IngressAN-1140, Microphone Array BeamformingOBS L E T EADMP504Data SheetRev. A | Page 8 of 12HANDLING INSTRUCTIONSPICK-AND-PLACE EQUIPMENTThe MEMS microphone can be handled using standard pick-and-place and chip shooting equipment. Take care to avoid damage to the MEMS microphone structure as follows: •Use a standard pickup tool to handle the microphone. Because the microphone hole is on the bottom of the package, the pickup tool can make contact with any part of the lid surface.•Use care during pick-and-place to ensure that no high shock events above 10 k g are experienced because this may cause damage to the microphone.•Do not pick up the microphone with a vacuum tool that makes contact with the bottom side of the microphone. Do not pull air out or blow air into the microphone port. • Do not use excessive force to place the microphone on the PCB.REFLOW SOLDERFor best results, the soldering profile should be in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer of the solder paste used to attach the MEMS microphone to the PCB. It is recommended that the solder reflow profile not exceed the limit conditions specified in Figure 3 and Table 3.BOARD WASHWhen washing the PCB, ensure that water does not make contact with the microphone port. Blow-off procedures and ultrasonic cleaning must not be used.OBS OL E T EData SheetADMP504Rev. A | Page 9 of 12PCB LAND PATTERN LAYOUTThe recommended PCB land pattern for the ADMP504 should be laid out to a 1:1 ratio to the solder pads on the microphone package, as shown in Figure 10. Take care to avoid applying solder paste to the sound hole in the PCB. A suggested solder paste stencil pattern layout is shown in Figure 11. The diameter of the sound hole in the PCB should be larger than the diameter of the sound port of the microphone. A minimum diameter of 0.5 mm is recommended.10140-009Figure 10. PCB Land Pattern Layout10140-0101.55/1.05 DIA.Figure 11. Suggested Solder Paste Stencil Pattern LayoutOADMP504Data SheetRev. A | Page 10 of 12RELIABILITY SPECIFICATIONSThe microphone sensitivity after stress must deviate by no more than 3 dB from the initial value. Table 5.Stress TestDescriptionLow Temperature Operating Life −40°C, 1000 hrs, powered High Temperature Operating Life +125°C, 1000 hrs, poweredTemperature Humidity Bias (THB) +85°C/+85% relative humidity (RH), 1000 hrs, powered Temperature Cycle−40°C/+125°C, one cycle per hour, 1000 cycles High Temperature Storage +150°C, 1000 hrs Low Temperature Storage −40°C, 1000 hrs Component CDM ESD All pins, 0.5 kV Component HBM ESD All pins, 1.5 kV Component MM ESDAll pins, 0.2 kVOBS OL E T EData SheetADMP504Rev. A | Page 11 of 12OUTLINE DIMENSIONS06-16-2010-AREFREFDIA.DIA.THRU HOLE (SOUND PORT)Figure 12. 3-Terminal Chip Array Small Outline No Lead Cavity [LGA_CAV]3.35 mm × 2.50 mm Body(CE-3-2)Dimensions shown in millimetersORDERING GUIDEModel 1Temperature Range Package DescriptionPackage Option 2 Ordering Quantity ADMP504ACEZ-RL −40°C to +85°C 3-Terminal LGA_CAV, 13” Tape and Reel CE-3-2 10,000 ADMP504ACEZ-RL7 −40°C to +85°C 3-Terminal LGA_CAV, 7” Tape and Reel CE-3-2 1,000 EVAL-ADMP504Z-FLEXFlex Evaluation Board1 Z = RoHS Compliant Part.2This package option is halide free.OBS OL E TADMP504Data SheetRev. A | Page 12 of 12NOTES©2011–2012 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.D10140-0-6/12(A)OBS OL ET EADMP504ACEZ-RL7。
声场重构中消除鬼影和提高重构精度的方法
文章编号：1006-1355(2013)04-0200-07声场重构中消除鬼影和提高重构精度的方法付强1,2，黎敏1,2，樊悦1,2，魏龙1,2（1.北京科技大学新型飞行器技术研究中心，北京100083；2.北京科技大学机械工程学院，北京100083）摘要：在利用波束形成算法进行声场重构时，容易出现鬼影现象，给重构声场的准确辨识带来极大困难。
在对波束形成算法进行理论推导后，获得麦克风阵列的结构参数与鬼影产生的关系，进而获得消除鬼影的方法；并在此基础上，优化麦克风阵列的布局形式，设计阵列的最大孔径比，可以有效提高重构精度。
通过纯音实验和窄带噪声实验，验证了消除鬼影和提高声场重构精度方法的有效性。
关键词：声学；声场重构；波束形成；鬼影；重构精度中图分类号：TB132；TB534+.3文献标识码：A DOI编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1335.2013.04.042 Method of Eliminating Ghost Images and Improving Reconstruction Precision in Acoustic-fields ReconstructionFU Qiang,LI Min,FAN Yue,WEI Long(1.Reasearch Center for Aerospace Vehicles Technology,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing100083,China；2.School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing100083,China)Abstract:The ghost images can occur easily in the reconstruction of acoustic fields with the use of beamforming algorithm,which leads to a terrible difficulty for accurate identification of the reconstructed acoustic fields.After detailed deduction of the beamforming algorithm,the relation between the shape parameters of microphone array and the ghost-images occurrence was obtained,and the method for eliminating the ghost images were attained.It was found that after the elimination of ghost images,the reconstruction precision would be improved if the value of D/λwas increased by means of optimization design of the array’s configuration.Finally,the effectiveness and feasibility of this method was verified by some experiments of acoustic-field reconstruction of some pure sound and narrow-band noises.Key words:acoustics;reconstruction of acoustic fields;beamforming;ghost image;reconstruction precision收稿日期：2012-08-29；修改日期：2012-12-10项目基金：国家重大科学仪器设备开发专项：(2011YQ14014507)；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金：(FRF-AS-12-003)；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金：(FRF-MP-12-002A)作者简介：付强（1983-），男，山东日照人，博士，目前从事高温声场测量与重构、材料与构件声疲劳研究。
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数字助听器中广义旁瓣消除器的仿真研究
数字助听器中广义旁瓣消除器的仿真研究雍雅琴;沙洪;李鹏【摘要】Objective To deal with the digital hearing aids in competing talker situations using speech enhancement algorithm.Methods For adaptive beam forming algorithm using microphone array,the frequency-domain adaptive beamforming algorithm based on robustness time-domain GSC structure was studied.Results The simulation was designed for the frequency-domain adaptive beamforming algorithm,and the computational complexity and convergence rate were compared between the frequency domain GSC and the time domain GSC.Conclusion The simulation results show that the frequency-domain GSC adaptive bearmforming algorithm has a higher calculation speed and convergence rate,and thus has more research significance when compared with time-domain GSC.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2013,34(5):13-15,81]%目的:研究数字助听器中竞争语音情形下的语音增强算法.方法:针对语音增强算法中的麦克风阵列自适应波束形成算法,简要回顾了广义旁瓣消除器(GSC)结构的鲁棒性时域自适应波束形成算法,研究了频域GSC结构的自适应波束形成算法.结果:设计仿真实验,对比时、频域GSC的计算复杂度和收敛速度.结论:仿真结果显示,频域GSC 结构的自适应波束形成算法与时域GSC对比,具有计算速度快、收敛性能好的优点.【期刊名称】《医疗卫生装备》【年(卷),期】2013(034)005【总页数】4页(P13-15,81)【关键词】自适应波束形成;频域广义旁瓣消除器;复杂度;收敛速度【作者】雍雅琴;沙洪;李鹏【作者单位】中国医学科学院北京协和医学院生物医学工程研究所,天津300192;中国医学科学院北京协和医学院生物医学工程研究所,天津300192;杭州爱听科技有限公司,杭州310023【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R318.6;TH785.10 引言语音增强是数字助听器算法的重要组成部分[1]，研究其有重大意义。
Sennheiser TeamConnect Ceiling 2 产品说明说明书
FEATURES• Ceiling array microphone with patented automatic speaker position detection and dynamic beamforming for best speech intelligibility• Analog and digital (Dante™) audio outputs for easy connectivity to video and audio conference systems • Configuration and monitoring via Sennheiser´s unique Control Cockpit software• Open API for media and camera control applications • Several installation options via suspension kit, flush-mount or surface bracket TeamConnect Ceiling 2 offers superior audio quality for voice and video conferences. Thanks to Sennheiser’s pa-tented adaptive beamforming technology it automatically follows the active speaker’s voice, letting people speak naturally – whether they are sitting, standing or walking around the room. TeamConnect Ceiling 2 offers great versatility and interoperability with support for Dante™ networks and Power over Ethernet. It is compatible with Sennheiser’s Control Cockpit software for efficient remote management, and offers remote configuration and monito-ring via an open media control protocol (API), allowing for easy integration into media systems and camera controlapplications.SPECIFICATIONSDimensions (L x B x H)590 x 590 x 43 mm(23.2" x 23.2" x 1.7")Weight 6 kg (13.2 lbs)Audio Output 1 x 3-pin terminals (fits Phoenixcontact MCVW 1.5-3-ST-3.81)2 x Digital Dante Network Audio(RJ45)Ethernet / Control 1 x RJ45 Ethernet Port for PoEpower supply and data / controlcommunicationSupply voltage44 – 57 V DC (via PoE) Temperature Operation: 0 – 40 °C(32 - 104 °F)Storage: -10 – 60 °C(14 - 140 °F)Relative humidity20 – 95 %,non condensingMicrophone type pre-polarized condenser micro-phoneSensitivity-1 dBV/Pa (930 mV/Pa)Number of KE 10-237 microphone capsules 28Pick-up pattern Beam patternMax. sound pressurelevel119 dB SPLDynamic range99 dB(A)DELIVERY INCLUDES• SL Ceiling Mic 2• Mounting instructions• Drilling templateACCESSORIESSL CM FB Mounting bracket Art.-No. 506846SL CM EB US Extension brackets Art.-No. 508528SL CM EB 625Extension brackets Art.-No. 508290SL CM SK Suspension kit Art.-No. 508291DIMENSIONS SL Ceiling Mic 2CONNECTIONS AND OPERATING ELEMENTSPrimaryResetSecondaryAnalog Out DanteEthernetPoE/CtrlDante Dante™ interface with two RJ 45 sockets Primary and Secondary Reset Factory reset switchAnalog Out 3-pin terminal for analog audio out EthernetRJ 45 socket for network controlDIMENSIONSSL CM FB - Mounting bracket (Surface)2Sennheiser electronic GmbH & Co. KG · Am Labor 1 · 30900 Wedemark · Germany · ARCHITECT‘S SPECIFICATIONThe ceiling mounted microphone shall be designed for fixed installation in medium to large conference rooms where table microphones are not desirable or possible. The microphone shall fit within the space of a standard 600 mm (2 ft.) ceiling panel and shall be mountable either onto or flush with the ceiling itself. Several mounting accessories shall be available, including a ceiling suspension kit, a ceiling fixation bracket as well as mounting brackets for US size ceiling panels and for 625 mm ceiling panels.The microphone shall consist of 28 Sennheiser KE 10-237 pre-polarized condenser microphone capsules and shall use beamforming technology that automatically focuses on whoever is speaking in the room.The microphone shall have a Dante™ interface with two RJ 45 sockets (Primary and Secondary) for digital audio output, supporting both redundant and daisy-chain modes. The microphone shall also feature a 3-pin terminal for analog audio output, which is compatible with Phoenix contact MCVW 1.5-3-ST-3.81 connectors.In addition, the microphone shall have an RJ 45 Ethernet socket for network control and easy configuration using the Sennheiser Control Cockpit software. The RJ 45 Ethernet socket shall also support Power over Ethernet. Supply voltage shall range from 44 to 57 V DC.The microphone shall feature a reset button for restoring the factory settings.The microphone sensitivity shall be -1 dBV/Pa (930 mV/Pa). The maximum sound pressure level shall be 119 dB SPL. The dynamic range shall be 99 dB(A).The microphone dimensions (L x W x H) shall be 590 x 590 x 43 mm (23.2" x 23.2" x 1.7"), weight shall be 6 kg (13.2 lbs). The operating temperature shall range from 0 °C to +40 °C (+32 °F to +104 °F). The storage temperature shall range from -10 °C to 60 °C (14 °F to 140 °F).The microphone shall be the Sennheiser SL Ceiling Mic 2.DIMENSIONSSL CM EB US Extension brackets (60 cm to 2 ft)A-A。
HuddleCamHD Pro USB 3.0 EPTZ 摄像头安装与操作手册说明书
HuddleCamHD ProUSB 3.0 EPTZ CAMERA INSTALLATION & OPERATION MANUALPrecautions…………………………………………………………………………………………. Safety Tips…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….•Please read this manual carefully before using the camera.•Avoid damage from stress, violent vibration or liquid intrusion during transportation, storage or installation.•Take care of the camera during installation to prevent damage to the camera case, ports, or lens.•Do not apply excessive voltage. (Use only the specified voltage.) Otherwise, you may experience electrical shock.•Keep the camera away from strong electromagnetic sources.•Do not aim the camera at bright light sources (e.g. bright lights, the sun, etc.) for extended periods of time.•Do not clean the camera with any active chemicals or corrosive detergents.•Do not disassemble the camera or any of the camera's components. If problems arise, please contact your authorized dealer.•Contact your authorized dealer for repair.In the Box…………………………………………………………………………………………….Supplied Equipment………………………………………………………………………………….•HC-EPTZ-USB Camera (1)•USB 3.0 A-B cable (1)•IR Remote Controller (1)•User Manual (1)Physical Description………………………………………………………………………………1. Front View………………………………………………………………………………………….1. Lens108° Field of View lens2. Power LEDBlue LED lights when unit is powered and on.3. Mounting BaseMounting base for camera. 1/4-20 mounting screw.4. Microphone ArrayBeamforming microphone array2. Rear View………………………………………………………………………………………………………….5. HDMI ConnectionHDMI 1.4 (4K@30) connection to display6. USB 3.0 ConnectionFor connecting to PC for video and powerOSD MENU………………………………………………………………………………………………On Screen Display MenuUse the OSD menu to access and change the camera’s settings.Note: Electronic P/T/Z functionality is disabled when the OSD menu is displayed.The camera OSD Menu offers the following settings options:•Exposureo Full Auto▪ExpCompMode On / Off▪Exp Comp-7 ~ +7Note: Only available when ExpCompMode is “On”▪Gain Limit0 ~ 15▪Backlight On / Off▪DRC Strength0 ~ 8▪Anti-Flicker Off / 50Hz / 60Hzo Shutter Priority▪Shutter1/30s, 1/60s, 1/90s, 1/100s, 1/125s, 1/200s,1/250s, 1/350s, 1/500s, 1/725s, 1/1000s,1/1500s, 1/2000s, 1/3000s, 1/4000s,1/6000s, & 1/10000s▪DRC Strength0 ~ 8o Bright▪Bright0 ~ 17▪Gain Limit0 ~ 15▪DRC Strength0 ~ 8▪Anti-Flicker Off / 50Hz / 60Hz•Coloro Auto▪AWB Sens Low / Middle / High▪RG Tuning-10 ~ +10▪BG Tuning-10 ~ +10▪Saturation60% ~ 200%▪Hue0 – 14o Indoor▪Saturation60% ~ 200%▪Hue0 ~ 14o Outdoor▪Saturation60% ~ 200%▪Hue0 ~ 14o OnePush▪AWB Sens High / Low / Normal▪RG Tuning-10 ~ +10▪BG Tuning-10 ~ +10▪Saturation60% ~ 200%▪Hue0 ~ 14o Manual▪RG Tuning0 ~ 255▪BG Tuning0 ~ 255▪Saturation60% ~ 200%▪Hue0 ~ 14o V AR▪Color Temp2500K ~ 8000K▪RG Tuning-10 ~ +10▪BG Tuning-10 ~ +10▪Saturation60% - 200%▪Hue0 ~ 14•Image▪Luminance0 ~ 14▪Contrast0 ~ 14▪Sharpness Auto / 0 ~ 15▪Flip-H Off / On▪Flip-V Off / On▪Gamma Default / 0.45 / 0.5 / 0.56 / 0.63▪Style Clarity / Bright / PC / Clarity (LED) / Norm▪LDC Off /-10 ~ +10•Noise Reduction▪2D-NR Close / Auto / 1 ~ 5▪3D-NR Close / 1 ~ 8•Setting▪Language English, Chinese, French▪EPTZ On / Off▪Zoom Limit1x-3x / 1x-4x / 1x-8x / 2x-4x / 2x-8x / 3x-8x▪DVI Mode DVI / HDMI▪HDMI Format1080p30 / 1080i60, 1080i50, 4K@30▪Auto Framing On / Off▪H264 Enable On / Off *▪Audio Enable On / Off *•*Requires power cycle•Information Displays current camera settings •Restore Default Restore camera default settingsIR Remote Controller……………………………………………………………………………Note: IR Remote will not work on other HuddleCamHD cameras1.Standby Button:Press this button to enter standby mode. Press it again to enter normal mode.NOTE: Power consumption in standby mode isapproximately half of the normal mode.2.Position Buttons:T o set preset or call preset3.* Button:For multiple functions.4.Preset ButtonAllows for setting a presetNOTE: [PRESET] + Numeric button (0–9) to set5.Home ButtonsPress the Home button to send the camera back to front6.Return ButtonPress the button to back previous menu7.Zoom ButtonsZoom+: Zoom In (Slow and fast speed)Zoom-: Zoom Out (Slow and fast speed)8.L/R Set ButtonSet the left & right direction of the remote control.(not available on this model)9.Focus ButtonsUsed for focus adjustmentPress AUTO to adjust the focus on the center of theobject automatically. T o adjust the focus manually, pressthe MANUAL button, and adjust it with FAR and NEAR.10.Camera Address Select ButtonsCamera the button corresponding to the camera whichyou want to operate with the remote controller11.# ButtonFor multiple functions12.Multiple function ButtonsFunction 1. Set camera IR addressPress 3 keys contiguously can set camera IR address asfollow:[*] + [#] + [F1]: IR Address 1[*] + [#] + [F2]: IR Address 2[*] + [#] + [F3]: IR Address 3[*] + [#] + [F4]: IR Address 4Function 2. Image freezing functionPress [F4] to start the freeze function. The word“Freeze” displays on the upper left corner. After fiveseconds, the display disappears automatically (thoughthe freeze feature continues). T o cancel the freeze, press the [F4] key the word “Unfreeze” displays on the upper left corner. After five seconds, the display disappears automatically.13.Reset ButtonClear preset: Erase a preset position [RESET] + numeric button (0-9), or: [*] + [#] + [RESET]: Erase all presets 14.Pan/Tilt Control ButtonsAllows for Electronic Pan/Tilt control (Note you must digitally zoom before electronic P / T is available)15.Menu ButtonsMenu Button: Press this button to enter or exit the OSD menu.16.Backlight ButtonBacklight button: Press this button to enable the backlight compensation. Pres it again to disable the backlightcompensation.NOTE: Only available in manual exposure mode.NOTE: If there is a light begin the subject, the subject will appear dark. In this case, press the backlight ON/OFF button. T o cancel the function, press the backlight ON/OFF button17.P/T RST ButtonPress this button to self-calibrate pan & tilt once again.NOTE: not available on this model[*] + [#] + [1]: Display OSD menu in English[*] + [#] + [3]: Display OSD menu in Chinese[*] + [#] + [6]: Quickly restore the default settings[*] + [#] + [8]: Show the camera version[*] + [#] + [9]: Quickly set mount mode (flip/normal)Connection Instructions………………………………………………………………………1.Connect included USB 3.0 cable to camera and USB 3.0 port of PC.2.Wait for camera to power on.3.Select and configure camera in your software of choice.NOTE: Failure to follow this sequence may result in no connection to PC.Care Of The Unit………………………………………………………………………………….Remove dust or dirt on the surface of the lens with a blower (commercially available). Installation Instructions………………………………………………………………………Monitor Installation…………………………………………………………………………………….When mounting the HuddleCamHD camera on a monitor, ensure that the mount screw is fastened tightly to the camera. Use the top mount to rest the camera on amonitor. Position the bottom mount on the back of the monitor to secure the camera in position. You can rotate the camera lens as necessary.Tripod Installation………………………………………………………………………………………When using the HuddleCamHD camera with a tripod, screw the tripod to the bottom of the camera.The tripod screw must fit shown specifications:Troubleshooting………….…………………………………………………………………………Important Notes Regarding USB Connectivity:USB 3.0 ports are backwards compatible with USB 2.0 devices. USB 2.0 ports are not completely forward compatible with USB 3.0 devices (some USB 3.0 devices willconnect to USB 2.0 with limited functionality).External USB hubs should be avoided (i.e. give the camera its own USB port on thedevice) as they are not well suited to transmitted HD video reliably.USB extension systems must be fully compatible with the version of the USB that you are using and must utilize an external power supply, when required. Caution: Some “Compatible” USB 3.0 extenders do not actually have the full 5Gbps bandwidthrequired for uncompressed HD video – so check bandwidth specs.Always connect the HuddleCamHD camera directly to the device in order to associate the UVC drivers before attempting to use any extension system.USB 3.0 power saving settings in the devices operating system should be turned off completely for reliable USB camera connectivity.HuddleCamHD CamerasAll HuddleCamHD camera utilize the UVC (USB Video Class) drivers that are built into Windows, Mac OSD and Linux to stream HD video to your device via your device’s USB port (USB 2.0 or 3.0 depending upon the HuddleCamHD model).When your device successfully recognizes the camera, your device will register the HuddleCamHD camera as an “imaging device”.You can see this in your Windows Device Manager program (type “device manager”into the Windows search tool) as shown in the screenshot, below:In this example, you can see the HuddleCamHD model in use connected as a fullyfunctional USB 3.0 device (HuddleCamHD) as well as a USB 2.0 device with limitedfunctionality (USB2.0 Camera).If your device has not connected to or has not recognized the HuddleCamHD camera as an imaging device, try reconnecting the camera via USB (USB 2.0 or USB 3.0depending upon HuddleCamHD model). If the camera still does not operate properly, please contact HuddleCamHD support at *********************** for furtherassistance.Similarly, you can see a connected device in System Information on a Apple computer. See screenshot below:In this example, you can see the HuddleCamHD model in use connected as a fully functional USB 3.0 device “HuddleCamHD” as well as a “USB2.0 camera” with limited functionality (USB2.0 camera).Specs………………………………………………………………………………………………………Model Number: HC-EPTZ-USBCamera & Lens•Video CMOS Sensor1/2.5” CMOS 8.51M Mega Pixel•Resolution3840x2160, 1920x1080, 1280x720, 1024x576, 960x540,640x480, 640x360•Frame Rate50Hz: 1 ~ 2560Hz: 1 ~ 30•Zoom8X Digital Zoom•Focal Length f=2.8mm•Field of View108°•Min Lux0.05 Lux (@ F1.8, AGC ON)•Warranty 3 years parts and laborRear Board Connectors•Video Interface USB 3.0, HDMI 1.4USB 2.0 with reduced quality•Power Supply Interface USB 3.0•Working Environment IndoorPhysical•Material Aluminum, Plastic•Dimensions7.63”W x 2.36”H x 3.66”D(194mm x 60mm x 93mm)•Weight0.7 lbs (0.34 kg)•Box Dimensions9.375” x 4.3125” x 4.625” (238mm x 109.5mm x 117.5mm)•Boxed Weight 2.4 lbs (1.1 kg)•Color Black•Operating Temperature32°F to +113°F (0°C to +45°C)•Storage Temperature-14°F to 140°F (-10°C +60°C)•Working Environment Indoor only。
声源定位的算法原理
声源定位的算法原理声源定位是指通过分析声音信号，确定声音源的位置的技术。
声源定位在很多领域都有应用，如语音识别、语音跟踪、音频会议等。
声源定位的算法原理主要包括多麦克风阵列、波束形成和时间延迟估计等。
1. 多麦克风阵列（Microphone Array）：多麦克风阵列是指将多个麦克风均匀地布置在空间中，以便同时接收不同位置的声音信号。
麦克风阵列可以通过增加麦克风数量来提高声源定位的精度。
通常，麦克风阵列的形状可以是线性的、圆形的或者其他形状的，不同的阵列形状会对声源定位的效果产生影响。
2. 波束形成（Beamforming）：波束形成是一种通过对麦克风阵列中的麦克风信号进行加权和叠加，以增强来自目标声源的信号，并抑制背景噪音和干扰声音的技术。
波束形成的目的是使得阵列信号中来自目标声源的能量最大化。
常见的波束形成算法包括被动波束形成、激发波束形成和自适应波束形成等。
- 被动波束形成（Passive Beamforming）：被动波束形成是指通过简单的叠加麦克风阵列的信号，以增强来自目标声源的信号。
被动波束形成不需要估计声源的方向，因此算法相对简单，但精度较低。
- 激发波束形成（Adaptive Beamforming）：激发波束形成是指根据估计的声源方向，调整麦克风阵列信号的加权系数，以实现抑制背景噪音和干扰声音的目的。
激发波束形成由于需要估计声源的方向，因此算法复杂度较高，但精度较高。
- 自适应波束形成（Adaptive Beamforming）：自适应波束形成是指根据实时接收的信号和背景噪音的统计特性，自适应地调整麦克风阵列的加权系数，以实现最优波束形成。
自适应波束形成利用信号处理算法来估计加权系数，从而抑制干扰声音和背景噪音。
3. 时间延迟估计（Time Delay Estimation）：时间延迟估计是指通过分析麦克风阵列中不同麦克风接收到的信号之间的时间差，来估计声源的方向。
常见的时间延迟估计算法包括互相关法、基于延迟和和互相关法、最大似然估计法等。
Yealink视频会议解决方案指南说明书
Contact us for more information | Hotline: 0086-592-5702000Businesscooperation:********************Technical inquiries: 2019-05-English-V1.2Guide to Yealink VideoConferencing SolutionYealinkEasy Collaboration, High Productivity Yealink is the global leading provider of unified communication (U C) solutions. It is dedicated in its pursuit of delivering the best possible user experience and the highest customer satisfaction through high-quality, feature-rich and intuitive products. Its international distribution network and strong pre- and after-sales team ensure professional technical support and efficient services.Yealink One-stop UC Solutions unify voice, video and data. They satisfy diverse customer needs and usage scenarios. Together with its partners and distributors, Yealink has acquired a sterling reputation with more than 50 ,000 customers, helping them to overcome meeting difficulties, to face market challenges and to take a lead in market competition by increasing their efficiency and productivity. Yealink has helped to enhance productivity in a wide range of scenarios, including government events like G20 Summits as well as in corporate scenarios in the financial, medical, education and transportation industries.YealinkGlobal PresenceYealink Global Headquarters (Xiamen)Yealink R&D Center (Shenzhen)Yealink AustraliaYealink USA (Atlanta, GA)Yealink USA (San Jose, CA)Yealink R&D Center (Hangzhou)Yealink EuropeTransportation · Emirates · Soekarno-Hatta Airport · Russian Railways · KLM Royal Dutch Airlines · Transoil Enterprise· PWC· Grupo DASS· Altium· TSMC· Amul Government · G20 Peak Summit · The United Nation · BRICS Summit · Supreme Court of Russia · Macao Health Bureau To create easy collaboration workplaces, Yealink solutions are adopted by ：Energy· China Sinopec· Rosneft· Natural Gas Financial · Standard Chartered-Indonesia · Bank of Flint Hills · CapMan · China Merchant Bank · Bank ABEPC Education · Saint Petersburg University · University of Johannesburg· Chinese Academy of Sciences Healthcare · Zahrawi · PTS Diagnostics · BestMedAwards2017 CEIA: Best Video Conferencing Solution Innovation Provider 2017 TMC Unified COMMUNICATIONS - Product of the year 2017 CTIFORUM Editor's Choice Award 2016 Best Enterprise Video Conferencing ProductTop 10 Video Conferncing Award 2018 Technology ResellerEditor's Choice Award- Yealink VC2002018 Global IP Desktop Phone Growth Excellence Leadership AwardVideo ConferencingBenefits Travel cost reduced by video conferencing Productivity increased by video conferencing Decisions made in time by video conferencing Benefits to your businessIncrease employee devotion: Video conferencing stands for easy collaboration,which fosters employees' deep devotion to work.Conduct business faster: fast-paced work environment, video conferencing helps speed your collaboration time and your team’s response to market needs.Foster innovation: Video brings people into sharp focus, allowing you to see the impact of your ideas and to boost innovation.Deepen partnerships: Video conferencing allows you to create deeper relationships with your customers and partners whoever and wherever they are.Video ConferencingCreating an Highly Collaborative WorkplaceWhen it comes to evaluating video conferencing system and deciding whether it truly enhances workplace collaboration, the following three aspects play the major roles-user experience, content innovations and interoperability.User experienceA user-friendly video conferencing system is a secret weapon to improve workplace collaboration. However, what would happen if the system itself is hard-to-use? It will actually become another burden in communication, rather than helping it. Usually users from different background would be involved in a meeting. An easy-to-use system with intuitive interface that creates consistent user experience would facilitate the entire collaboration process and lead to higher work efficiency.Content innovationsFace-to-face communication is the basic feature of video conferencing, but it is not enough to simply connect people together. In most cases, users need to do a theme report or discussion. Based on this demand, content sharing and whiteboard features are necessary, allowing people to work together from various locations as though they’re in the same room. InteroperabilitySuch disparity in system and devices might lead to countless communication problems and technical issues, which as a result, damage collaboration and work efficiency. With that said, a qualified video conferencing system should come with strong interoperability that allows users to connect to the broadest range of devices.Yealink constantly innovates to provide easy-to-use, collaborative and interoperable business video conferencing solutions that help enterprises achieve greater business success. The VC800, VC500 and VC200 Room System offer a scalable and secure multipoint video conferencing solution. Yealink has been fully devoted to unremitting innovation through technological advances in order to create the best customer experience ever in video conferencing.Easy-to-use, Collaborative and InteroperableOne-stop Video Conferencing Solutions4K1:00Highest Video QualityOffering a vivid image as well as a clear concentration, with 4K HD camera lensSpectacular SoundDelivering powerful sound and truly stunning meeting experience with Noise Proof TechnologyContent InnovationAllowing users to easily demonstrate every idea via wireless content sharing and whiteboardFast ImplementationDeploying a meeting room in less than 1 minute Joining any meeting in an instant and start screen sharing with the touch of a buttonVC800VC500 VC200CTP20Huddle Meeting Room | 2-6 people Yealink VC200Key Features· Ultra HD 4K camera and 103° angle lens· 6 built-in beamforming microphones with directed voice pickup· Supports smart Noise Proof technology· Supports wireless content sharing, fulfilling wireless deploymentin huddle rooms· All-in-one devices, including codec, camera, mics and bracket· Supports the third-party room system and integrates withthe leading cloud platforms· Supports collaboration features (interoperable with whiteboardand annotation on content sharing)Key Benefits· 1080P high video quality· Automatically filters unrelated noise, video conferencingcan be more concentrated· Deploys huddle room in less than 1 minute· 0 training required· 2-6 participants covered at the same timeWhat’s included· VC200 Codec x1· VCR11 Remote Control x1· AAA Batteries×2· 3m Ethernet Cable x1· 1.8m HDMI Cable (for the display device) x1· PSE x1· 2m Ethernet Cable(CAT5E FTP cable) x1· Power Cord x1Medium Meeting Room | 6-12 people Yealink VC500Key Features· 5x optical PTZ camera and 83°wide-angle lens· Supports smart Noise Proof technology· Supports wireless content sharing, fulfilling wireless deploymentin medium rooms· Supports third-party room systems and integrates with theleading cloud platforms· Camera and codec all-in-one, easy to mount on TV· Supports collaboration features (interoperable with whiteboardand annotation on content sharing)Key Benefits· 1080P high video quality· Automatically filters unrelated noise, video conferencingcan be more concentrated· Hassle-free deployment using just 1 network cable· 0 training required· 50% network cost decreased· 6-12 participants covered at the same time· 2 packages enhance diversity:VC500-Mic or VC500-VCM-CTPWhat’s included· VC500 Codec ×1· VCM34 Video ConferencingMicrophone Array ×1· CTP20 Collocation Touch Panel ×1· WPP20 Wireless Presentation Pod ×1· WF50 USB Wi-Fi Dongle ×1· VCR11 Remote Control ×1· AAA Batteries ×2· Acrylic Board ×1· 1.8m HDMI Cable(for the display device) ×1· 3.0m Ethernet Cable ×2· 7.5m Ethernet Cable ×1· 1.0m USB Type-C Cable ×1· Wall/TV Mounted ShelfwithScrews ×1· Power Adapter ×1Large Meeting Room | 12+ people Yealink VC800Key Features· 12x optical camera· 1+8 cameras solution, powerful multi-camera solution· Supports smart Noise Proof technology· Supports wireless content sharing, fulfilling wirelessdeployment in large rooms· 24-site multipoint and 2 virtual meeting rooms availableat the same time· Supports third-party room system and integrates with theleading cloud platforms· Supports collaboration features (interoperable withwhiteboard and annotation on content sharing)Key Benefits· 1080P high video quality· Automatically filters unrelated noise, videoconferencing can be more concentrated· Hassle-free deployment using just 1 network cable· 0 training required· 50% network cost decreased· 12+ participants covered at the same timeWhat’s included· VC800 Codec ×1· VCM34 Video ConferencingMicrophone Array ×2· CTP20 Collocation Touch Panel ×1· WPP20 Wireless Presentation Pod ×1· WF50 USB Wi-Fi Dongle ×1· VCR11 Remote Control ×1· AAA Batteries ×2· Acrylic Board ×1· 1.8m HDMI Cable(for the display device) ×2· 3.0m Ethernet Cable ×3· 7.5m Ethernet Cable ×1· 1.0m USB Type-C Cable ×1· Wall/TV Mounted ShelfwithScrews ×1· Power Adapter ×1Easy Video Collaboration All in YealinkYealink Meeting Server The Yealink Meeting Server is a distributed cloud-based video conferencing infrastructure tailored for HD video conferencing collaboration in the modern workplace.Video Conferencing Server Yealink Meeting ServerVC880 is designed for ultra-large conference rooms and auditoriums, especially when the control room is separated from the main meeting room.Video Conferencing System VC880Specially designed to optimize communication for in-demand executives and teleworkers, Yealink flagship smart video phone VP59 embodies the future of collaboration.Flagship Smart Video Phone VP59Collaboration Touch Panel CTP20Yealink CTP20 is a smart tool paired with Yealink VC room system. The integrated touchable meeting control, annotation and whiteboard features of CTP20 offers a comfortable and productive collaborative meeting experienceVideo Collaboration Application VC MobileYealink VC Mobile is a powerful and easy-to-use collaboration application, which represents a reliable one-stop solution for remote and mobile workers who want to join high-quality video conferences from their mobile devices wherever they go.Video Collaboration Software VC DesktopYealink VC Desktop is a powerful and easy-to-use collaboration software app for personal use that brings HD video conferencing to you.Huddle RoomVC200Yealink One-stop SolutionsMedium RoomVC500-MicMedium RoomVC500-VCM-CTPLarge RoomVC8001*1*1*up tp24 sites×××2×××√8M Pixels2M Pixels2M Pixels2M Pixels4x digital5x optical5x optical12x optical30FPS60FPS60 FPS60FPS103°83°83°70°×××Support up to1+8 cameras MultipointcapabilityVirtualmeeting roomVoiceactivationPixel Zoom Frame rate HorizontalField of viewMuilti camerasolution Multipoint Camera Feature* Additional five-way audio callup to 1080P30FPSup to 1080P60FPSup to 1080P 60FPSup to 1080P60FPS √√√√1080P from 512kbpsin H.2651080P from 512kbpsin H.2651080P from 512kbpsin H.2651080P from 512kbpsin H.26530%30%30%30%√√√√Video call quality H.265/HEVC Bandwith requirement Video packetloss recoveryLocal HD recordingto USB flash driveBuilt-in beamformingmicrophone arraysVideo ConferencingMicrophone ArrayVideo ConferencingMicrophone ArrayMicrophone Model16ft / 5 meters10ft / 3 meters20ft / 6 meters20ft / 6 metersVoice pickupdistance70%70%70%70%××OptionalMSpeakerOptionalMSpeakerNoise prooftechnologySpeaker Video Features Audio FeaturesWirelessmicrophoneHuddle Room VC200Medium Room VC500-Mic Medium Room VC500-VCM-CTP Large Room VC800Yealink One-stop Solutions Optional Optional up to 4up to 4Collaboration Touch Panel Collaboration Features√√√√Touchscreen √√√√Local collaboration √√√√Meeting collaboration Optional 2.4GHz/5GHz dual mode Optional Optional Wi-Fi optional Bluetooth 4.2optional optional Bluetooth IPv4/IPv6IPv4/IPv6IPv4/IPV6IPv4/IPv6TCP/IPNetwork & Security H.323/SIP H.323/SIP H.323/SIP H.323/SIP Communication protocols ICE/TURN/STUN/NAT/H.460ICE/TURN/STUN/NAT/H.460ICE/TURN/STUN/NATH.460ICE/TURN/STUN/NATH.460Traversal features SRTP/TLS/H.235/AES 256-BIT SRTP/TLS/H.235/AES 256-BIT SRTP/TLS/H.235/AES 256-BIT SRTP/TLS/H.235/AES 256-BIT Encryption H.265/HEVC, H.264 High Profile, H.264, H.263, H.263+H.265/HEVC, H.264 High Profile, H.264, H.263, H.263+H.265/HEVC, H.264 High Profile, H.264, H.263, H.263+H.265/HEVC, H.264 High Profile, H.264, H.263, H.263+Video Codec ARES, Opus(8-48kHz), G.722.1c, G.722.1, G.722, G.711(PCMU/PCMA)ARES, Opus(8-48kHz), G.722.1c, G.722.1, G.722, G.711(PCMU/PCMA)ARES, Opus(8-48kHz), G.722.1c, G.722.1, G.722, G.711(PCMU/PCMA)ARES, Opus(8-48kHz), G.722.1c, G.722.1, G.722, G.711(PCMU/PCMA)Audio Codec 1080P, 720P, 540P, 360P, 4CIF, CIF 1080P, 720P, 540P, 360P, 4CIF, CIF 1080P, 720P, 540P, 360P, 4CIF, CIF 1080P, 720P, 540P, 360P, 4CIF, CIF Video resolution。
双mic波束成型 算法
双mic波束成型算法
双麦克风波束成型（Dual-Microphone Beamforming）算法是一种利用多个麦克风进行语音信号采集并进行处理的技术。
该技术可以使语音信号的信噪比得到显著提高，从而增强语音信号的清晰度和可识别性。
双麦克风波束成型算法的基本思想是利用两个麦克风接收到的信号之间的时间差以及声波在空气中传播时的特性，从而消除语音信号中的噪声和回声。
算法通常包括以下步骤：
语音信号采集：利用两个麦克风分别采集语音信号。
声源定位：通过分析两个麦克风采集到的信号的时间差，确定声源在空间中的位置。
波束形成：根据声源位置和两个麦克风的位置关系，计算得到一个波束形成器，使其只接受来自声源方向的信号，从而消除噪声和回声。
信号增强：根据波束形成器的输出信号，进行信号增强，使语音信号更加清晰。
双麦克风波束成型算法通常应用于智能音箱、智能手机等场景中，可以提高语音识别和语音交互的质量。
康多MT600用户手册说明书
CONDOR MT600 USER MANUALINDEX Overview.....................................................Page 03 Connecting your Condor.....................................................Page 04•Speaker Signal.....................................................Page 05•Device Interface.....................................................Page 06•Powering Your Device.....................................................Page 07 LED Display.....................................................Page 08 Setting Delay.....................................................Page 09 The Control Portal.....................................................Page 10 Installing the Leg Stands/ Wall Mounts.....................................................Page 11 Specifications .....................................................Page 13 Warranty .....................................................Page 14CONDOR MT600 OVERVIEWThe Condor is a high-quality Beamforming array microphone that amplifies relevant audio information and rejects all noises and reverb. It has an exceptionally large pickup range while remaining discreet.The Condor utilizes multiple microphones, and a powerful DSP to achieve a commanding performance.In order to cover the entire room the Condor has an array technology that deploys seven long range beams. It examines the output of these beams, each from a fixed pre-determined direction, and keeps only the relevant audio information, while rejecting noise. This process updates its findings many times per second so that the end result is clear audio.The Condor also deploys echo canceling, noise canceling, and an AGC algorithm so that the level of speech stays the same for both people standing next to the array as well as dozens of feet away.This guide will help you learn how to use your Condor array and will reveal all the features that come with it.CONNECTING YOUR CONDORThere are three steps to connecting a Condor:‣Connect a speaker signal.‣Connect into an interface.‣Power the device.SPEAKER SIGNALTo achieve echo canceling, a loudspeaker signal should be connected into the Condor. There are two options for this setup:‣OPTION ONE- Connecting a loudspeaker directly into the Condor. In this setup, the Condor will act as both a microphone and a speaker, and will feed the speaker signaldirectly into the external speakers of your choosing.‣OPTION TWO- The Condor will act only as a microphone. The speakers will be connected directly into the conferencing device, without going through the Condor. Inorder to feed a reference signal into the Condor, we will need to send the speaker signal to it from the loudspeakers. This setup is typical when using a TV’s integrated speakers. NOTE: This can only be done if the loudspeaker has an audio out connection. Without this, the Condor’s echo canceler will not work.OPTION ONE- CONNECTING A LOUDSPEAKER DIRECTLY‣Connect the Condor to your conferencing interface/ device. Make sure the Condor is selected as both the microphone and speaker for this device.‣Connect an external amplified loudspeaker to the Condor using either the Optical OUT connector, or the Analog Speaker OUT connectors, located in the back panel of theCondor.OPTION TWO- FEEDING THE REFERENCE SIGNAL INDIRECTLY‣Connect the Condor to your conferencing interface/device. Make sure the Condor is selected as just a microphone.‣Connect your external amplified loudspeaker directly to your conferencing device. Make sure you select that loudspeaker as the Audio OUT.‣Connect your loudspeaker’s output (Speaker OUT) to the Condor via the Optical IN connector or Analog Speaker IN connectors, located in the back panel of the Condor.DEVICE/ INTERFACECONNECTING TO A DIGITAL CONNECTION (USB)This connection is for any session using your computer, such as Voice over IP applications (Skype, etc.).‣Using the USB cable provided, plug the micro USB side of the cable into the Condor (USB connector located on the connector panel behind the unit).‣Plug the USB end of the cable into any USB port on your computer or conferencing device.No additional drivers or steps are needed. However, we do recommend downloading and using our “Phoenix Audio Setup Utility” for optimal audio control and performance. This utility can be found on our website: /downloads/audiosetup/CONNECTING TO AN ANALOG INTERFACEThis connection is for any session using an analog line level signal such as Cisco Video Codec. ‣Connect the Condor to the device using the Condor’s Analog OUT connector.‣Plug the other end of the cable into your device’s Analog INPUT or microphone connector. The Analog OUT connector is located in the back panel of the Condor. NOTE: If you connect the Condor into a microphone input, make sure that that input is set as line level and not mic level.CONNECTING TO A SIP/IP LINEFor any session using an IP telephone provider (IP/SIP).‣Using an Ethernet cable, plug one end of the cable into the Condor’s Ethernet connector (located on the connector panel behind the unit).‣Plug the other end of the cable directly into your Ethernet wall socket.‣It is important that your Condor is registered with an IP service provider (See the following Control Portal section).POWERING YOUR DEVICEThere are three ways to power the Condor.‣USB Connection- Plugging the Condor into a powered USB port will provide it with a sufficient source of power.‣5V Power Supply- Plug the provided 5V power supply into the USB connector to power the device. This option should be used if you are connecting into an analog interface that is not providing power to the unit.‣Power over Ethernet (PoE)- If your home or office is equipped with PoE, plugging your Condor to the Ethernet via a Cat5 cable will provide power to the device.LED DISPLAYThere are four LEDs located between the grills in the front of the unit. Each LED can emit an either blue or red light.LIGHT INDICATIONS‣Direction- BLUE LED lights will display the direction of the voice it is currently picking up. ‣Power on- indicated by BLUE lights running right to left followed by left to right ‣Searching for IP address- indicated by BLUE lights accumulating right to left, clearing, and repeating the above.‣Finding an IP- right after searching for an IP display, all four BLUE lights will flash.‣Failed to find IP- right after searching for an IP display, all four lights will flash RED three times.‣Mute- all four lights will continuously flash RED until mute is deactivated.‣Telephone ringing- all four lights will flash BLUE until call is picked up.‣End of call- all four lights will turn RED for a few seconds‣Programing- when the unit is updating software BLUE lights run side to side until programing is complete.FunctionBLUE LightsRED LightsDirection of voice being picked up Lights point towards voicedirection Device powered on Lights running right to left, followed by left to rightDevice searching for an IP addressLights accumulating right to left, clearing, and repeating Device finding an IP address All four lights flashingDevice failed to locate an IP All four lights flash three times MuteAll four lights continuously flash until function is disabledTelephone Ringing All four lights will flash until call is picked upEnd of call All four lights will appear for a few secondsProgramingLights will run side to side until programing is completeSETTING DELAYNOTE: Making sure that your Condor’s delay is set properly is crucial to the performance of the echo canceler. If you’re experiencing echo while operating the Condor, chances are that your delay is not set properly.WHAT IS DELAYDelay is when the sound coming out of the speakers is not in sequence with the reference speaker's signal that is coming into the Condor. This will cause the echo canceler to fail.WHY IS THERE DELAYSound delay occurs when a TV signal tries to make up for its video processing time by artificially stalling the audio. This feature is embedded in every TV by its manufacturer. The delay in all TVs will differ.SYNCING THE DELAYWhen plugging the Condor to a TV, make sure to first connect the speakers before powering the unit. Once the Condor is powered, it will automatically play chirping sounds (four signals) that it will use in order to calculate the delay. After calculating the delay, the Condor will automatically set its delay time. This setting will be saved and used unless changed manually. Please note that next time you power your Condor it will not replay the signals.If for some reason the Condor did not automatically set its delay time, or if you are using a different TV, you can manually set, change, or reset the delay time by using the Phoenix Audio Testing Wizard located on our website: /downloads/testingwizard/THE CONTROL PORTAL (SETTING UP THE SIP)The online control portal will allow you to control and adjust all of your IP phone settings. To access:‣Obtain the Condors IP address by using the PDRC App, or through your router.‣Open a web browser and type in your Condor’s IP address in the address bar and press enter.‣ A Username / Password prompt will appear. Enter admin as your username and 1234 as your password, then click on “Log In”.NOTE: To access the portal, your computer must be located on the same LAN as the Condor. PORTAL OVERVIEWQUICK SETUPAdjust the LAN, SIP Proxy, and Registrar options.PERSONAL SETTINGSDirectoryAdd contacts to phone.Speed DialAssign up to 10 numbers for the speed dial list.TonesSelect from the existing ringtones or upload custom ringtones (not implemented in allversions).NETWORK CONNECTIONSAdjust the LAN and VLAN settings.INSTALLING THE LEG STANDS/ WALL MOUNTSThe Condor can be either propped up using leg stands, or mounted onto a wall using mounting brackets (both sets of stands come included).INSTALLING THE LEG STANDSTo install the leg stands onto the Condor:‣Align the teeth on the stands with the snap holes on the Condor.‣Push into place, making sure to use enough force for the stands to be securely clinked in. This can be done in any of the four stand insert locations.INSTALLING THE MOUNTING BRACKETSTo mount the Condor onto a wall, you will need the two mounting brackets, and 4 screws (As wall types vary, screws are not included).‣Align the teeth on the mounting brackets with the snap holes on the Condor, and click into place. This can be done in any of the four stand insert locations.‣Set the Condor against the desired position on the wall, and mark the wall from inside the holes of the mounting brackets.‣Separate the brackets from the Condor, and screw them into the wall using 4 screws. ‣Once mounted securely on the wall, click brackets into place on the Condor, making sure to use enough force for the brackets to be securely clinked in.SPECIFICATIONS•USB interface (micro B connector)•RCA Analog Audio INPUT and OUTPUT•Digital and Optical INPUT and OUTPUT• Three-way bridging capability• Frequency response 50Hz – 16KHz• Low latency (10ms)• Noise cancellation > 10dB (without pumping noise)• 100% full duplex – no attenuation (in either direction) during full duplex• High-end performance conforms to ITU-T G.167• Acoustic echo cancellation > 40dB with conversion speed of 40dB/sec• Residual echo is suppressed to the environment noise level, preventing artificial ducking of signal• 15 high-quality directional microphones• Direction-finding algorithm (determines the presence and direction of a speaker)• Beamforming algorithm (forms and directs audio beams towards a defined direction)• Automatic voice-level adjustment (AGC)•Metal case and metal grill mesh for high RFI immunity and product durability•VoIP and Signaling: SIP –RFC 3261, SDP –RFC 2327 SIP over TCP/UDP, Redundancy, Digest Authentication, PRACK, Early Media•Data Protocols: IPv4, TCP, UDP, ICMP, ARP, RTP, SRTP, Static IP/DHCP IP Assignment, IEEE 802.1p/ Q, HTTP/HTTPS/DHCP, NTP, FTP/TFTP•Provisioning and Management: Web Server for Configuration and Management, Configuration update via FTP, TFTP, HTTP, HTTPS, DHCP Options (66, 67, 160, 12, 77,42)Dimensions:Width: 48” Height: 2.25” Depth: 2”Weight: 3.35 lbs.Power Consumption: 500 mA from 5V ac/dc adaptor or via PoE supplySoftware:Plug- and -Play. No installation or drivers.Note: Audio Setup Utility is available for Windows. The setup utility helps monitor the audio input and output level but is not required.Operating Systems:Windows 98 and up / Linux / MacOS.Complies with FCC 47 CFR Part 68, and ACTA adopted technical criteria: TIA-968-AComplies with FCC 47CFR Part 15; ICES-003: 2004 Issue 4, Class B; AS/NZS CISPR 22: 2006, Class B; EN 55022: 1998+A1(00)+A2(03), Class B;, EN61000-3-2: 2000+A2(05); EN61000-3-3: 1995+A2(05); EN55024:1998+A1(01)+A2(03)Complies with ETSI EG 201 121 V1.1.3 (2000-02); ETSI ES 203 021-2 V2.1.2 (2006-01); ETSI ES 203 021-3V2.1.2 (2006-01)Conforms to the requirement of the European Union Directive 2002/95EC (RoHS Directive)WARRANTYThe following warranty statement is effective for all Phoenix Audio Technologies’ products as of October 1st, 2007Phoenix Audio Technologies warrants that this product is free of defects in both materials and workmanship. Should any part of this product be defective, the Manufacturer agrees, at its option, to repair or replace with a like new replacement any defective part(s) free of charge (except transportation charges) for a period of two years for all products. This warranty period begins on the date the end user is invoiced for the product, provided the end user provides proof of purchase that the product is still within the warranty period and returns the product within the warranty period to Phoenix Audio Technologies or an authorized Phoenix Audio Technologies dealer according to the Product Return and Repair Policy listed below. All inbound shipping costs are the responsibility of the end user, Phoenix Audio Technologies will be responsible for all outbound shipping costs.Product Return and Repair Policy1.Return to seller if purchased through an authorized dealera.Proof of purchase date from reseller within warranty period must be provided by the end userb.Seller may, at its discretion, provide an immediate exchange or repair or may return the unit to theManufacturer for repair2.Return to Manufacturera.An RMA (return merchandise authorization) number must be obtained by the end user from Phoenix AudioTechnologiesb. The end user must return the product to Phoenix Audio Technologies with proof of purchase (showingpurchase date) for a warranty claim, and display the RMA number on the outside of the shipping packageTHIS WARRANTY IS VOID IF:The product has been damaged by negligence, accident, act of God, or mishandling, or has not been operated in accordance with the procedures described in the operating and technical instructions; or; The product has been altered or repaired by other than the Manufacturer or an authorized service representative of the Manufacturer; or; Adaptations or accessories other than those manufactured or provided by the Manufacturer have been made or attached to the product which, in the determination of the Manufacturer, shall have affected the performance, safety or reliability of the product; or; The product’s original serial number has been modified or removed.NO OTHER WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR USE, APPLIES TO THE PRODUCT. MANUFACTURER’S MAXIMUM LIABILITY HEREUNDER SHALL BE THE AMOUNT PAID BY THE END USER FOR THE PRODUCT.Manufacturer shall not be liable for punitive, consequential, or incidental damages, expenses, or loss of revenue or property, inconvenience, or interruption in operation experienced by the end user due to a malfunction in the purchased product. No warranty service performed on any product shall extend the applicable warranty period. This warranty extends only to the original end user and is not assignable or transferable. This warranty is governed by the laws of the State of California.For more information or technical support pleaserefer to our website ,email us at *********************,or call (818) 937-4779Phoenix Audio Technologies, 16 Goodyear #120, Irvine, CA 92618Email: ******************, Telephone: (818) 937-4774, Fax: (818) 859-1054。
mic阵列初始
麦克风阵列语音增强技术及其应用Technology and application of speech enhancement based on microphone array洪鸥Hong Ou 摘要：本文简要叙述了应用麦克风阵列进行语音增强的原理及方法。
且由于麦克风阵列在实际语音处理时具有良好的拾取语音能力及噪声鲁棒性，本文将介绍该技术在车载系统环境、机器人语音识别、大型场所的记录会议、助听装置及声源定位等系统中的应用。
关键字：麦克风阵列；声源定位；语音增强中图分类号：TN912.3 文献标识码：AAbstract: This paper describes the foundational theory of speech enhancement based on microphone arrays. Microphone arrays have great potential in practical applications of speech processing, due to their ability to provide both noise robustness and hands-free signal acquisition. Then this paper introduces the applications of microphone array in car environment, robot, hands-free telephony, audio conferencing, car environment, and hearing aids etc.Key words: Microphone array；Speech localization； Speech enhancement1 引言在目标语音的实际拾取过程中，不可避免会受到外界环境噪声和其他说话人的干扰。
用于麦克风阵列的球面谐波分解
用于麦克风阵列的球面谐波分解摘要：随着麦克风阵列在室内声场分析、声场再现、语音通信中的广泛应用，球面谐波分解在阵列信号处理中的地位变得更加重要。
针对球面阵列的球面谐波分解是近年发展起来的波束形成新技术，它还可以扩展到线阵和环形阵等其它阵形中。
从球面傅里叶变换着手，在球面谐波域内对不同条件下波束形成算法的原理、性能及其在阵列信号处理中可能的应用进行了全面的综述。
关键词：麦克风阵列；球面谐波；波束形成；波达方向估计0引言球面谐波是波动方程在球坐标系下的解中关于角度的函数，它是球面傅里叶变换的基函数，不同阶次的谐波之间相互正交。
球面谐波分解在麦克风阵列处理中的应用是基于入射声场的传播与散射，由傅里叶声学原理[1]提出的，这类方法也称为球面谐波域阵列处理。
基于球面谐波分解的波束形成就是首先通过球面傅里叶变换将入射信号的声压变换到球面谐波域内，然后对各阶次的谐波进行加权求和得到整个阵列的输出。
Meyer和Elko[2]通过对声场进行球面谐波分解，得到一种简单、灵活、有效的波束形成器结构，输出波束的形状并不会随着方向的改变而变化。
Abhayapala和Ward[3]将类似的阵列应用到高阶声场录音和重构中。
Abhayapala[4]还将3D球面阵的分解方法扩展到环形阵中，进一步扩展了球面谐波在不同阵形中的应用范围。
随着研究的深入，学者们对球面谐波的提取及球面谐波域波束形成进行了更详细的阐述，提出了许多有效的算法。
Rafely[5]曾针对远场窄带情况对球面阵的采样和波束形成进行了总结。
本文结合新近出现的算法，从球面谐波的分解原理和提取方法出发，按照空间域波束形成的分类方法[6]，对球面远场窄带波束形成进行分类，并总结了针对近场源和宽带信号提出的新算法。
同时也对比分析了球面谐波域中不同阵形波束形成算法的原理和性能，及其在麦克风阵列信号处理中的可能应用，以方便那些从事麦克风阵列应用研究的读者。
1基础理论球面傅里叶变换是整个算法的基础，它实现了信号从阵元域到球面谐波域的变换，在实际工程应用中，通常利用采样的离散变换来代替连续的变换。
联想 ThinkSmart 杯声音棒配置指南说明书
ThinkSmart Bar Deployment and Configuration GuideTable of Contents1. Specs (3)Features and Specifications (3)Windows Logo Requirements (4)Microphone algorithm specification (5)1.1ThinkSmart Bar Default Mode: (5)Satellite Microphone (6)2.1 Function Switch in Soundbar (8)Description of Each Button (8)2.2 Embed Microphone Structure (9)2. Satellite Microphone Structure ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.3. IO port definition .............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.The Lenovo ThinkSmart bar is a smart USB based audio external speaker with built in array microphones. There are two options for the ThinkSmart Bar. The first option supports MTR application as stand-alone system. The second option supports MTR application with two pieces of daisy chain-connected satellite microphones to cover a X-large room size and beyond with best capturing performance. This Sound bar system has USB-C connector and supports USB 2.0. This Sound bar will use a unique AC adaptor for the power source which is included in the bundle. Basic function of this Sound bar should be used with/for MTR application based on USB connection. However, user can access and use this Sound bar as a Bluetooth audio adaptor. In addition, this Sound bar has an analog 3.5mm jack to input sound signal but this function is only available without USB connection mode.1. Specs1.1 ThinkSmart Bar Default Mode:•When connecting USB cable to PC: USB enabled mode.•When not connecting USB cable to PC: Ready to use analog input mode.•When not connecting USB cable to PC and you push BT button: Ready to use Bluetooth mode.*Please regularly check TV and wall mount/bracket to ensure screws are not loose**To avoid cable-related issues, it is recommended to use only the bundled USB cable or a ThinkSmart 10m Cable. *Volume gain set level:•Speaker volume level: 80%•50% (With MTR usage case.)MuteUnmuteSatellite MicrophoneUSB Conference Speaker / Microphone Mode•This bar could be used as a USB external audio peripheral like a speaker and microphone integrated device.•The Bar is designed to archive best quality for Microsoft Teams Rooms application.•The Bar is Microsoft Teams Room Certified and supports Large room size meeting rooms. (8.5m x 4.5m)External Speaker Operation Mode•This Sound bar can be used as external powered speaker mode connecting analog signal via AUX input jack. If so, it is recommended to be supported byanalog signal amplitude less than 1Vrmsat AUX input jack.•This external speaker function can be supported without USB connection mode when connecting USB cable to PC/system. However, it is then not supported in AUX input function. This means it is no longer supported in MTR application with USB connection. (MTR app needs to connect to USB connection.)Satellite Microphone Supported by SKU-2 (Option 2)•Sound bar SKU-2 (Option 2) can only support the connection of 2pcs of satellite microphones as shown in below picture.•Each satellite microphone can capture users voice from the microphone. Most of the users in the room can be captured by main system integrated microphone.2.1 Function Switch in SoundbarThe Position of each button on the Bar:Mic Mute BT Vol -Vol +Power Description of Each ButtonMic Mute: You can enabled mute function mode of embedded microphone and satellite microphone if it is connected. Also check the application side to indicate muting when using with Microsoft MTR and Zoom Room application. This mute function is related with mute button on satellite microphone. This button is operating with alternative mode. Bluetooth (BT): You can enable blue tooth external speaker when it is not connected as USB cable into a PC/audio equipment. To enable BT mode, push this button and then it will start pairing mode. After pushing this button, set your smartphone or Personal computer (PC) into Bluetooth mode and look for the name ThinkSmart Bar in the smartphone or PC Bluetooth area. Click and connect. Add the pin code (now set as 5678) into smartphone, PC, then complete pairing procedure with this ThinkSmart Bar. While using USB mode, after removing USB cable, it is not automatically enabled BT mode even though activated pairing system is near the sound bar. It is required to pushBT button to connect the sound bar via BT. BT function is not supported with using Teams and Zoom application via USB connection.Vol - / Vol +: This button controls the volume level by using Windows audio property. Default volume level is now set at 80%.If you change the software volume through the controls in the Windows application of audio driver property, then change the volume level of this ThinkSmart Bar also. Power: This is the main power on/off button. After power on, ThinkSmart Bar should work with USB mode and turn on an LED indicator on the “i” mar k of “ThinkSmart” logo located in the front of this system.2.2 Embed Microphone StructureThis soundbar has 4 elements in beamforming microphone array behind the mesh cover. It can’t be shown where the microphone is mounted in this front part. It is not supported by conventional beam forming algorithm to capture single direction user. However, this microphone array can have below sound enhancement:Beam forming (BF)•DSP algorithm supports adaptive beam forming to separate user voice and environment noise effectively.•Capture range of this BF function is covered by 60deg in the front of system. It can eliminate stational noise out of range, this is located in the back side ofsystem.Voice Activity Detection (VAD):DSP algorithm detects human voice and enables microphone for human voice. Without the voice, the microphone would be disabled automatically. (Muted)Frequency Equalizer (EQ):DSP algorithm has compensation function of the microphone frequency peak and can dip to get a flatness capturing quality.Adaptive Noise Suppression (ANS):Usual noise suppression can eliminate any stationary noise.This DSP algorithm can detect voice range of pure tone noise, white noise and cafeteria noise to then reduce it.Far Fields Pick up (FFP):DSP algorithm can support near-end to far-end (6m) distance without additional satellite mics.Capturing angleEmbed microphone can capture 180 degrees (horizontal angle) in the front of the sound bar as shown in below chart:Satellite Microphone StructureThe Satellite microphone has one ECM (Electret condenser microphone) inside the mesh panel.This microphone can capture user voice with omni direction mode. (360 degrees of captured angles supported)There is one push button for the mute function and this button has two color LED to indicate this operation and the mute status. While using MTR, the system will be in call mode and this LED light is turned on green. Once you enable mute by pushing thismute button or the ThinkSmart Bar mute button, then the LED light will change to a Red color.IO port definitionRear side view:Rear side view 2:Mechanical placement of Bar:The bar should be placed as shown below on a monitor screen or mounted on the wall:。
学术交流英语final Presentation
Time: 35 seconds (0:00-0:35)Say:Good morning! My major is electric engineering. My research field is signal and information processing.The topic I concern is about speech enhancement. Today I will give a presentation with the title “A Two -stage Beamforming Approach for Noise Reduction andDereverberation”.This work is done by Habetsand Benesty from University of Quebec, Montreal, Canada.Time: 55 seconds (0:35-1:30)Say:First, I will give a brief introduction of microphone arrays andmake you have a preliminary understanding of the research problem. Simply, when you place several microphones according to certain geometric shapes, you get a microphone array. Here is a liner array anda circle array is alsogeneral. Let’stakethis picture as an example. There is a noise source at the location of the star. Whenthe girl speaks, her sound will get captured by all microphones. In the same time, received signals are polluted by the undesired noise and we can’t have the clean speech.Time: 55 seconds (1:30-2:25)Say:So, we need do something to solve this problem. In this slide, the background and significance of speech denosing and dereverberation are introduced. In many applications, such as speech recognition and teleconferencing, we need distant or hand-free audio acquisition. However, in many cases, we just receive a noise corruptedor reverberant version of desiredspeech signals. Toachieve high-qualityhuman-to-human or human-to-machine speech communication, we need to develop efficient noise reduction and dereverberation algorithms. Microphone arrays can be very useful in these situation.Time: 50 seconds (2:25-3:05)Say:First,we can use beamforming for the microphone arrays during the processing of received signals. What is the beamforming? Here are its definition and working principle.Beamforming is a signal processing technique that applies microphone arrays for directional signal transmission or reception. By operating on receivedmultichannel signals, beamformingallows us torecover signals fromaparticular direction and suppress noise signals from undesired directions. This technique is so called “beamforming”.Time: 45 seconds (3:05-3:55)Say:In this paper, we use beamforming to achieve noise reduction and dereverberation. Noise reduction is important since noise is everywhere around us.Some common noise includes machine noise, vehicle noise, music noise, babblenoise, and so on. On the other hand, the reverberation is created when a sound is produced in an enclosed space causing a large number of echoes to build up and then slowly decay as the sound is absorbed by the walls and air.Time: 60 seconds (3:55-4:55)Say:Toachieve both noise reduction anddereverberation, the two-stage approachis proposed in this paper and before the noise reduction stage, a dereverberation stage is needed.Here is the principle diagram.These y represent the reserved signals by the microphone array and we have N microphone. These Q and H represent weighting coefficients of two different beamforming stages. The Z represents the final signal after noise reduction and dereverberation. In the nextfew slides, the details about how the algorithm work are given.Time: 45 seconds (4:55-5:45)Say:The first stage is dereverberation stage. In this slide, the computational process of dereverberation stage is presented.All channel inputs are weighted. The weighted channel inputs are sent to the next stage for noise reduction. So the key is tofindproper weights sothat the reverberation components are minimized.This is implemented by complex mathematics computation.The final weights are independent on signals.Time: 45 seconds (5:45-6:25)Say:On the basis, further analysis of the dereverberation stage is needed. The first stage comprises a signal-independent beamformer that generates a reference signal that contains a dereverberated version of the desired speech and residual interference. In general, the desired speech component at the output of the beamformer contains less reverberation compared to reverberant speech signal received at the microphones.Time: 40 seconds (6:25-6:55)Say:The second stage is noise reduction stage.In this slide,the computational process of noise reduction stage is presented. The weightedinputs obtainedin thefirst stage are again weightedandsummed. The weights are computedsothat thesignal-to-noise ratio (usually called SNR) is maximized. Since SNR is independent on desired signals, the weights are independent on signals as well.Time: 45 seconds (6:55-7:25)Say:Further analysis is also applied to the noise reduction stage is dereverberation stage. The second stage uses the filtered microphone signals and the noisy reference signal toestimate the desiredspeech component at the output of the DS beamformer. A major advantage over classical approaches is that the proposed approach is able todereverberate the receiveddesiredsignal with very low speech distortion. This is the whole process of the proposed algorithm.Time: 20 seconds (7:25-7:45)Say:Let’ssee the performance. Here are twographs which represent the received speech signal by one microphone and the processed speech signal by the proposed two-stage approach.In the first graph,the fuzzy parts denote noise and reverberation. They has been weakened in the second graph. In this way, better performance is achieved.Time: 20 seconds (7:45-8:05)Say:In conclusion, our goal is to find a method which can achieve both dereverberation and noise reduction while causing low speech distortion as much as possible. After the introduction of the whole process of the proposedalgorithm,let’ssummarize what we h ave go t.Time: 10 seconds (8:05-8:25)SayFirst, a two-stage beanforming approach is designed. The first stage is a signal-independent beamformer that generates a reference signal which contains dereverberated version residual interference and the second stage is multichannel noise reduction to estimate the desired speech component at the output of thefirst stage. Finally, better performance is observed.Time: 25 seconds (8:25-8:50)Say:Why is this significant? On the one hand, we need more recognizable and clearer speech insteadof a noisy world. On the other hands, this work is significantin the future application of speech technologies.For example,you can make a telephone call without the mobile phone in hand.You can control your smart devices by voice even when you are few meters away.Time: 15 seconds (8:50-9:00)SayIn the future, we will implement proposedalgorithmanddesign better speech enchantment algorithms. Thank you, are there any questions?。
传声器的工作原理和应用场景
传声器的工作原理和应用场景A microphone, also known as a transducer, works on the principle of converting sound waves into electrical signals. 传声器，也称为传感器，工作原理是将声波转化为电信号。
When sound waves enter the microphone, they cause a diaphragm or other element to vibrate. 当声波进入传声器时，它们会导致振膜或其他元件振动。
This vibration is then converted into an electrical signal through a process called transduction. 这种振动随后通过转换过程转化成电信号。
The electrical signal can then be amplified and processed to produce the desired outcome, whether that is recording sound, amplifying it for public address systems, or transmitting it through a communication device. 电信号可以被放大和处理，以产生所需的结果，无论是录音、为公共广播系统放大声音还是通过通信设备传输声音。
Microphones are widely used in various settings, including entertainment, communication, and surveillance. 话筒广泛应用于各种场所，包括娱乐、通讯和监视。
In the entertainment industry, microphones are used for recording music and vocals, amplifying sound for live performances, and capturing sound for film and television production. 在娱乐产业中，话筒被用于录制音乐和人声、为现场表演放大声音以及捕捉电影和电视制作中的声音。
Separable beamforming for ultrasound array
专利名称：Separable beamforming for ultrasoundarray发明人：Kevin Owen申请号：US14124153申请日：20120607公开号：US09433398B2公开日：20160906专利内容由知识产权出版社提供专利附图：摘要：Ultrasonic imaging apparatus or techniques can include obtaining at least an approximation of samples of reflected ultrasonic energy and constructing arepresentation of an imaging plane within the tissue region. Such apparatus or techniquescan include separately determining, for respective focusing locations respective first sums of at least approximated complex samples of reflected ultrasonic energy obtained via respective first lines of transducers, and separately determining, for the specified focusing location, a second sum of at least some the respective first sums of at least approximated complex samples of reflected ultrasonic energy, the second sum corresponding to a second line of transducers in the ultrasonic transducer array. The separately determining the first or second sums of at least approximated complex samples can include phase-rotating at least some of the complex samples. The second line of transducers can be orthogonal to respective first lines in the transducer plane.申请人：Kevin Owen地址：Crozet VA US国籍：US代理机构：Schwegman Lundberg & Woessner, P.A.更多信息请下载全文后查看。
Microphone Array and Beamforming - Forward麦克风阵列波束形成了
The data will be converted into wavefiles for each channel
using MATLAB.
Put the wavefiles into BeamformIt to perform beamforming.
Example of Microphone Array
Beamforming
A technique that rearrange the mixture signals from the
microphone array, so that the signals from the source that we want are lined up before combine them all up into one signal
Results (cont’d)
The average SNR of 15 microphone is about 22.84 dB,
which the beamforming result is roughly twice higher than that.
Also look at the spectrogram of the the raw data and
Special Thanks
Dr. Kepuska and Za Hniang Za for guidance on the
concepts and MATLAB
References
Acoustic Beamforming for Signal Enhancement, Localization, and Separation. Kung Yao. DARPA Air-Coupled Acoustic Sensors Workshop Aug 24. 1999. /mto/archives/workshops/sono/presentations/ucla_yao.pdf Audio and Speech Processing. Geert Van Meerbergen, et al. http://homes.esat.kuleuven.be/~gvanmeer/s&a/oefenzittingen/opgave2/node3.html Beamformit (Fast and Robust Acoustic Beamformer). Xavier Anguera. Nov 11 2008. /~xanguera/beamformit/ LOUD: A 1020-Node Microphone Array and Acoustic Beamformer. Eugene Weinstein. /~eugenew/publications/loud-slides.pdf Microphone Data by Tom Sullivan at Carnegie Mellon University. Microphone Array Project in Microsoft Research. /users/ivantash/MicrophoneArrayProject.aspx Trinov SRP: Surround Microphone Array. http://www.trinnov
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The distance from source to Ref Mic: d = 30 in.
The distance from source to Mic x: g = 34.73 in. The distance between mic: N = 17.5 in. Sampling Frequency: fs = 22050 samples/sec. Speed of sound: c = 345 m/sec. Find d’ = 34.73 – 30 = 4.73. Find Sample/meter => 22050/345 = 63.913 samples/m. Turn into inches => 63.913 x 0.0254 = 1.62 To find time delay, we need distance d’ x = 4.73 x 1.62 = 7.7 samples, round up to be 8 samples.
Solution and Approach
Results
Conclusion
Introduction
The goals for the project are the following
Learn the basic concept of microphone array Become familiar and learn how to use a program that
The general form of the beamforming output based on
delay and sum
Beamforming Pattern
Signal to Noise Ratio
The measurement of the signal quality
Basically, it is the magnitude of
Therefore, there is a time delay in each signal.
Microphone Array
Multi-Cቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱannel Signal Comparison
Time Delay
Note that the distance between another microphone (not the reference) to the source, which denote as g, can be compute with trigonometry cos = d/g => d = g cos.
depend on the application. Line Circle Rectangle
Each microphone will capture the sound from the
source at the different time due to distance from the source.
Since signals from the specified source are on the
same phase, they will add each other up.
The noise signals may either add each other up or
cancel each other out.
Example of Microphone Array
Beamforming
A technique that rearrange the mixture signals from the
microphone array, so that the signals from the source that we want are lined up before combine them all up into one signal
Voice Activity Detection
perform Beamforming Show that Beamforming will enhance the signal quality based on SNR
Microphone Array
Multiple microphones set up in certain formation
signal noise
One way to calculate it is to find noise from voice activity detection 1. Measure the mean of the energy during the last t1 seconds => E1 2. Measure the mean of the energy during the last t2 seconds => E2 3. Calculate the speech threshold T2 = E2 + Ex 4. If E1 > Ts, speech is detected. (speech onset) 5. Freeze E2 and calculate the noise threshold Tn = E2 + En 6. Measure the mean of the energy of recent t1 seconds => E1 7. IF E1 < Tn, noise is detected. (speech offset)
Microphone Array and Beamforming
By Pattarapong Rojanasthien ECE 5525 Dr. Kepuska December 8th, 2008
Overview
Introduction Background
Microphone Arrays Beamforming Signal to Noise Ratio