长句的翻译英译汉
英语翻译长句的翻译--练习
汉译英1. 夺取这个胜利，已经是不要很久的时间和不要花费很大的力气了；巩固这个胜利，则是要很长的时间和要花费很大的力气的事情。
2. 他小的时候，他妈叫他去买红塘，他买了白糖回来。
3. 虽然中国妇女在平等方面取得了巨大的进步,但还未完全实现平等就业机会。
4. 我想，富人们大概过不惯冷清的郊野的冬天，都集向热闹的城市里去了。
I think it is fact that 前动词定话who5. 一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢。
6. 冬天，在四周围都是山地的这里，看见太阳的日子真实太少了。
今天，难得雾是这么稀薄，空中融融地混合着金黄的阳光，把地上的一切，好像也照上一层欢笑的颜色。
7. 这对夫妇不久前添置了一套新家具，现在又买了辆新车，他们家的情况一定是好转起来了。
8. 如果是20年前来到张家界国家森林公园，泥泞的山路可能会让游客的兴致打一些折扣。
9. 红十字会已开始一项重大的克隆工程，该工程与培育用于器官捐献的转基因猪有关。
11. 必须采取措施，改善投资环境，切实制止对企业乱摊乱排、乱收费的错误做法。
12. 她坐在那儿注视着，觉得眼前的景象，既是始终如一，又是变化多端，既是光彩夺目，又是朦胧黑暗，既是庄严肃穆，又是轻松愉快。
13. 经过整整一个未眠之夜，办公室里的所有人都显得苍白，眼睛下方都暴出了黑眼圈。
14. 孩子要喂，房间要收拾，我不得不赶在商店关门之前去买蔬菜和猪肉。
15. 有时候，在工作中重要的倒是能否处理好人际关系而不是有多大的才能。
人际关系就是一种善于听取别人意见，体察别人的需要，虚心接受批评的能力。
善于处理人际关系的人敢于承认错误，敢于承担自己的责任，这是对待错误的一种成熟和负责任的态度。
这就是为什么许多平平庸庸的公司雇员在大调整中保住了位置，而有才能的人反而下岗。
因为他们很注意处理各方面的关系，所以八面玲珑，到处有缘。
而人际关系差的人往往不能处理好批评。
长句的翻译
【译文 】we faced the question in 1978, as to some extent we still do today, can two nations as different as ours ---- yours one of the oldest civilizations on earth, mine one of the youngest; yours a socialist state and mine committed to capitalism; yours a developing country and mine a developed one----can two nations surmount and indeed draw upon these differences to build an unprecedented and distinctive relationship in world affairs?
一 主语
大约有四分之一的美国青年人没有阅读能力，这简直令人难 以置信。 【译文】It is incredible that about 25% young people in the United States cannot read.
二 谓语
一定要言行一致，理论与实践密切结合，反对华而不实和任 何虚夸，少说空话，多做工作，扎扎实实，埋头苦干。 【译文】 Deed and word must match and theory and practice must be closely integrated. we must reject flashiness without substance and every sort of boasting. There must be less empty talk and more hard work .We must be steadfast and dedicated
连淑能《英译汉教程》TranslationofLongSentences（长句译法）【圣才出品】
连淑能《英译汉教程》TranslationofLongSentences（长句译法）【圣才出品】第13章Translation of Long Sentences（长句译法）13.1 复习笔记Translating long English sentences involves not only a mixed application of various techniques but also a careful analysis of their grammatical structures and logical sequences.英语长句的翻译不仅涉及复杂的翻译技巧，还要求对其句法结构和逻辑顺序进⾏细致的分析。
⼀、Features of Long English Sentences（英语长句的特点）English speakers build up long sentences in an “architectural style”. They pay more attention to construct “spatial structure”, often regardless of temporal sequences. It seems to us Chinese that they build basic structures in five patterns, namely, S + V, S + V + P, S + V + O, S + V + o + O, and S + V + O + C as mainstays, with words, phrases, or clauses as members of sentences, then join directly or indirectly, various kinds of nexuses composed of words ,phrases, or clauses as modifiers ,to the mainstays of the basic structures. Here, among other things, English inflection and function words play important roles in connecting various parts grammatically and in showing their relations logically.英语长句是按照“楼房建筑法”组织起来的：主⼲是五种句⼦结构，即主＋谓，主＋系＋表，主＋谓＋宾，主＋谓＋宾＋宾，主＋谓＋宾＋补；枝叶是由词语、词组、从句等组成的各种各样的关系。
汉译英翻译技巧-长句的翻译_大学英语
长句的翻译长句指的是字数较多、结构较复杂、含有多层意思的句子。
汉语和英语都有长句，但在句子结构上的差异很大。
所以，在翻译时要讲究方法，否则就难以准确清晰地传达原文的各层意思。
在处理长句时，要注意如何断句和如何区分主从，正确运用合并法，倒置法和插入法。
一、断句所谓断句，就是把原文的一句话译作两句或更多句。
大凡长句多为复句，而汉语复句和英语复句往往在结构上不同。
汉语的一个复句有时需要断作几句来译，才能使意思清晰，结构利落，合乎英语的表达习惯。
另外，现代英语的句子结构也趋向简短，文章中非限制性的关系子句用得越来越少。
为此，翻译汉语长句时也常常采用断句手法。
一般来说，在以下几种情况下都可以断句：1. 汉语句子较长，内容较复杂这种句子如果同样译作一个长句，在结构上有困难，语境也不清楚；断句则便于清晰地表达原意，又符合英语的表达习惯。
·历来只有真正老实的劳动者，才懂得劳动生产财富的道理才能排除一切想入非非的发财思想，而踏踏实实地用自己的辛勤劳动，为社会也为自己创造财富和积累财富。
Throughout the ages only honest laboring people see the truth that wealth is created through labor. Only they can free their minds of any fantastic ideas of getting rich. And only they create and accumulate wealth for both society and themselves through hard practical work.·如今没奈何，把你雇在隔壁人家放牛，每月可以得他几钱银子，你又有现成饭吃，只在明日就要去了。
There’s no way out but to set you to work looking after our neighbor’s buffalo. Y ou’ll make a little money every month, and you’ll get your meals there too. Y ou are to start tomorrow.2. 汉语的总分复句汉语的总分复句都包括总说和分述两个部分。
汉译英长句翻译
We will follow the principle of "Quality first"and"Client need come first " to better serve our customer.
知识分子是工人阶级中掌握科学文化知识较多的一部分，在改 革开放和现代化建设中有着特殊重要的作用。能不能充分发挥 广大知识分子的才能，在很大程度上决定着我们民族的盛衰和 现代化建设的进程。 现代化建设：modernization construction(drive ,program,strategy)
提高我国的科技水平，必须坚持独立自主、自力更生 的方针。但是，独立自主不是闭关自守，自力更生不 是盲目排外。科学技术是人类共同创造的财富。我们 不仅仅因为今天科技落后才需要向外国学习，即使我 们的科学技术赶上了世界先进水平，也还要学习人家 的长处。
In order to improve management level of technology ,we must adhere to the policy of independence and self-reliance . However,independence does not mean close our door to the world,nor does self-reliance mean blind opposition to everything foreign. Technology is a common wealth created by all human.We not merely have to learning from foreign country becouse of backward in science and technology ,but also have to go on studying others' strong points ,even if our science and technology have already catch up with the advanced level
第十三讲 语序调整及英语长句的翻译
三、长句的语序调整
英汉句式的差异：英语句式较长， 英汉句式的差异：英语句式较长，而汉语则青睐短句 英语长句的原因：修饰语多；并列成分多； 英语长句的原因：修饰语多；并列成分多；语言结构层次多 分析英语长句的步骤： 分析英语长句的步骤： 1.通过句法分析弄清原句的结构，判断句子是简单句、并列 通过句法分析弄清原句的结构， 通过句法分析弄清原句的结构 判断句子是简单句、 句还是复合句； 句还是复合句； 2.找出句子的主要成分（主谓宾）； 找出句子的主要成分（ 找出句子的主要成分 主谓宾）； 3.弄清主要成分和修饰成分之间的种种关系 3.弄清主要成分和修饰成分之间的种种关系，包括各种成分 弄清主要成分和修饰成分之间的种种关系， 的作用； 的作用； 4.注意句中的插入语； 注意句中的插入语； 注意句中的插入语 5.确定句子中是否有固定词组或搭配 确定句子中是否有固定词组或搭配 在正确分析和理解原文的基础上， 在正确分析和理解原文的基础上，运用各种翻译技巧及恰当 的汉语表达手段进行翻译。要使译文通顺、达意， 的汉语表达手段进行翻译。要使译文通顺、达意，一般采 用四种方法翻译英语的长句。 用四种方法翻译英语的长句。
大会将于今年九月在北京隆重开幕。 大会将于今年九月在北京隆重开幕。 今年九月在北京隆重开幕
张伟红
2.定语位置的调整 定语位置的调整 汉语： 汉语：定语位于中心词前面 英语：单个定语前置；若干个形容词并列前置；短语后置； 英语：单个定语前置；若干个形容词并列前置；短语后置；个 别单个定语后置 美丽的花园 Eg.1)a beautiful garden 美丽的花园 2)The Fall of the Roman Empire , a room facing the sea 罗马帝国的灭亡 介词短语)， 灭亡(介词短语 一间面朝大海的房间（分词） 面朝大海的房间 罗马帝国的灭亡 介词短语 ， 一间面朝大海的房间（分词） The building to be repaired is a hospital. 要修的那座建筑物是家医院 不定式 那座建筑物是家医院。 不定式) 要修的那座建筑物是家医院。(不定式 a man ready to lend a hand at any time 一个随时乐意帮助他人的 随时乐意帮助他人的人 形容词短语） 一个随时乐意帮助他人的人（形容词短语） The movie I watched yesterday is touching. 我昨天看的那场电影非常感人。（定语从句 那场电影非常感人。（定语从句） 我昨天看的那场电影非常感人。（定语从句）
英汉长句的翻译
2.3.4 时间状语从句提前 It is probably easier for teachers than for students to appreciate the reasons why learning English seems to become increasingly difficult once the basic structures and patterns of the language have been understood. 一旦了解英语的基本结构和句型，再往下学似乎 就越来越难了，这其中的原因，也许教师比学生 更容易理解。
English-Chinese Trans Nhomakorabeaation
英译汉的长句翻译
1. Knowing about Translation
原序和换序译法 拆分译法 重组法
2. Translation Practice
英语重形合，句子结构可以借助各种 连接手段加以扩展和组合构成复杂的长句。 这类长句可由若干分句、子句、多种短语 及词组构成。而汉语多意合，连词运用得 较少，结构较为自由，以短句居多。因此 正确处理长句的翻译是确保译文忠实、通 顺的重要环节。
2.3.2 目的状语从句提前
A student of mathematics must become familiar with all the signs and symbols commonly used in mathematics and bear them in mind firmly, and be well versed in the definitions, formulas as well as the technical terms in the field of mathematics, in order that he may be able to build up the foundation of the mathematical subject and master it well for pursuing advanced study .
汉英翻译-长句的翻译课件
方式，人物的形象也跃然纸上。可以说，
两种译文各有千秋，但这种情况下，还是 译文2胜出，因为其较好的包流量人物的形 象。
• 三、宾语
农学家深知繁育我们今天所能得到的各种玉米花费了（农 民们）好几百年的时光。 【译文】farm experts know that it has taken hundreds of
• 2、矿物燃料每年释放52亿公吨二氧 化碳进入大气，同时热带森林的燃烧 大约释放出18亿公吨二氧化碳——这 两方面都对二氧化碳的集结产生作用， 因而会引发温室效应。
• 【译文】Fossil fuels set off 5.2
billion metric tons of CO₂ into the
aical forests emits roughly 1.8
• 【译文2】“you’re a nice one!” she said. “you made me mix all this ink for you this morning, sat down in a state of great enthusiasm, wrote just three characters, threw down the brush again, rushed out, and left me waiting here all day for you to come back and finish. Now you just sit down here and use this ink up, and perhaps I’ll let the matter pass!”(霍 克斯 译)
• 【点评】原句虽然较长，但分析后不难得出句意 间的因果关系。先是总述其结果，其后是句子的 原因状语“因为经济上不去”，最后又做了详细 的分述。句子中这种先果后因的顺序正好与英语 思维一致，因此我们可以采用顺译法来处理此句 中的状语成分。
长句的翻译(英译汉)
大学存在的意义和目的不外乎使作为主修某专业的 你们以及作为人的你们能接触到你们的思想需要接 纳的人类思想。这样说的时候，我坚信自己道出了 人文学院全体教师以及专业学院全体教师的心声。
Homework
1、While field visits are complex，time-consuming and relatively costly, they make it much easier to identify inequities in levels of financing and performance across a country and to showcase good local practice.
两代人（即年轻人和老年人）之间的冲突似 乎是所有冲突中最愚蠢的。这样的冲突不过 是现在的自己和将来的自己的冲突或过去的 自己和现在的自己之间的冲突。
2、Anyone considering taking part in the transformation of those forms of older art which seem to us in many ways unsatisfactory, so that they should be more in tune with the changing times, and anyone who does not quail at the prospect of seeking out new forms of expression for new materials and new building function, will find spiritual kinship, observing Borromini’ buildings.
汉译英长句翻译
• 我给那些因为在近旁而极响的爆竹声惊醒，看见豆 一般大的黄色的灯火光，接着又听得毕毕剥剥的鞭 炮，是四叔家正在“祝福”了; 知道已是五更将近 时候。 • 分析: 原文句子脉络--我被爆竹声惊醒、看见灯光、 听见鞭炮声，知道“祝福了”、推算时间等，几层 意思按照事情发生的先后顺序展开，译文也可以按 照此顺序译出，实现形式与内容的吻合，但要注意 在分句间添加适当的关联词。 • I was woken up by the noisy explosion of crackers close at hand and，from the faint glow shed by the yellow oil lamps and the bangs of fireworks as my uncle’s household celebrated the sacrifice，I knew that it must be nearly dawn．
• 当他们活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学 习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费 掉。( 2005 年TEM8) • 分析: 单一主语，语义的表述顺序英汉语一 致，故顺译。--―总要尽量多工作、多学习” 是“他”活着时的动作行为，因而译为主 要的表达方式，其它部分译为非谓语动词 形式。 • As long as they are living，they always work and study as hard as possible， unwilling to dream their life away，let alone waste even a single moment of their lives．
汉译英长句翻译
– – – – – 合并法 拆分法 顺译法 逆序法 插入法
英汉语句子结构差异
英语长句的翻译
顺序法
• Always obey your parents—when they are present. • 父母的话总是要听的---当然是他们在身边的时候. • 这是美国作家马克· 吐温在一次关于学生该不该听从父母的管教的演讲 时,所讲的一句话.它妙就妙在将限定语放在了后面,这其实是对前面忠 告的一种否定. • It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. • 译文一:世间有这样一条公认的真理---凡财产丰厚的单身男人势必想娶 个太太. • 译文二: 有钱的单身汉想娶个太太,这是一条举世公认的真理. • 从句法上看,英语原文可视为 “圆周句”,读者以为作者将郑重其事地 宣告一个举世公认的真理,然而读到最后一个词却出乎意料地发现,所 谓”举世公认的真理,只不过是市侩的庸俗意识而已.翻译Austen这句 名言时,我们应该充分考虑原文的这些特征,即”先庄后谐”. •
状语从句的翻译
• 引导英语状语从句的从属连词,基本上可以 在汉语中找到对应的关联词,但有时不必翻 译,因为引导汉语状语分句的关联词时常省 略.英语状语从句的位置颇为灵活,置于主句 之前或之后均可. • The iron should be stricken while it is hot. 趁热打铁 • If winter comes, can spring be far away? • 冬天来了，春天还会远吗?
连淑能《英译汉教程》Translation of Long Sentences(长句译法)【圣才出品】
存在并列成分，如并列主语、并列谓语、并列宾语、并列定语、并列状语等。 2. Phrases or clauses used as modifiers: prepositional phrases, participial phrases, infinitival phrases, attributive clauses, and adverbial clauses, etc. 短语或从句作修饰语，如介词短语、分词短语、不定式短语、定语从句、状语从句等。 3. Phrases or clauses used as members of the sentence: prepositional phrases, participial phrases, infinitival phrases, gerundial phrases, verbal phrases, subject clauses, object clauses, and predicative clauses, etc. 短语或从句作主干成分，如介词短语、分词短语、不定式短语、动名词短语、主语从句、 宾语从句、表语从句等。 4. supplementary elements: appositives, parentheses, independent elements, and absolute constructions, etc. 存在附加成分，如同位语、插入语、独立结构等。
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英语长句翻译的技巧
英语长句翻译的技巧一、顺序法I think he realized discomfort, for he leant forward in his chair and spoke to me, his voice gentle, asking if I would have some more coffee, and when I shook my head I felt that his eyes were still upon me, puzzled.我认为他意识到了我的不安，因为他坐在椅子上倾过身来对我说话，温文尔雅的问我要不要来电咖啡，而且当我摇了摇头时，我感觉到他的一双眼睛依旧困惑不解的盯着我看。
二、逆序法Such is a human nature in the West that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white collar workers.许多人经常宁愿牺牲比较高的工资以换取白领工人的社会地位，这在西方倒是人之常情。
And I take heart from the fact that the enemy, who boast that they can occupy the strategic point in a couple of hours, have not yet been able to take even the outlying regions, because of the still resistance that gets in the way.由于受到顽强抵抗，吹嘘能在几小时内就占领战略要地的敌人甚至还没能占领外围地带，这一事实使我加强了信心。
三、分译法The president said at a press conference dominated by questions on yesterdays election results that he could not explain why the Republicans had suffered such a side spread defeat, which in the end would deprive the Republican Party of long-held superiority in the House.在一次记者招待会上，问题集中于头一天的选举结果，总统就此发了言。
第七讲 汉译英长句翻译
Elaine
汉语
英语
顺译法：
I could have gone my whole life not knowing that snakes eat eggs raw. 我本来一辈子都不会知道蛇是生吞鸡蛋的。
This simple fact shows that the more the force of friction is got rid of, the further will the ball travel, and we are led to infer...... 这一简单事实表明，摩擦力减少的越多，球就滚 的越远。因此我们可以推断……
他们在奇怪的悖论中前行：表面上坚决， 实则犹豫不决；表面上果断，实则优柔寡 断；表面上坚定不移，实则随波逐流；表 面上无所不能，实则软弱无能。
调序法：
09真题However, too many of the world's leaders are still best described in the words of Winston Churchill applied to those who ignored Adolf Hitler's threat...
远处看不见任何生物，唯有苍翠的教堂庭 院里，牛群静静地卧躺在那片郁郁葱葱的 墓地，好几头围绕着一个小孩的墓……
Galileo's greatest glory was that in 1609 he was the first person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove that the planets revolve around the sun rather than around the earth.
长句翻译汉译英
Long sentence translationCompact vs. Diffuse1门口放着一堆伞，少说也有12把，五颜六色，大小不一。
There are a pile of umbrellas in the door, at least twelve, various colors and different sizes.In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors.2我厂生产的112升，和145升冰箱造型美观，质量可靠，耗电少，使用安全方便。
The 112 and 145 Liter volumes of fridges made in our factory are with high quality, low power consumption and safely conveniently to use.The refrigerators of 112 and 145 liters manufactured by our plant are noted for their graceful styles, reliable quality, low power consumption, easy operation and safety./easy and safe operation.3 有一个年轻人，名叫颜回，家里很穷，缺吃少穿，insufficient 住的房子又破又小。
(dilapidated )There is a poor young man named Yanhui, insufficient with food and clothes and living in a small dilapidated house.There was a young man. He was called Yanhui. His family was very poor. They did not have enough food to eat and clothing to wear. The house they lived in was small and dilapidated.There was a young man called Yanhui, who was so poor that his family lived in a small, dilapidated house with insufficient food and clothing.4 为了实现儿时的梦想，我毫不犹豫地选择了化学专业。
英汉翻译英语长句的翻译(共10张PPT)
because the eldest Japanese gentleman leant across the table, with a smile and a little bow, and uttered a whole 7) The chance that a boy who is content with the way things are done now will develop into a leader is pretty slim.
英汉翻译英语长句的翻译
1. Translation of English
Compound Sentences
• 1) It is as if the wounded man's hand is upon the curtain which hangs before the revelations of all existence ─ the meaning of ants, potentates, wars, cities, sunshine, snow, a feather dropped from a bird's wing; and the power of it sheds radiance upon a bloody form, and makes the other men understand sometimes that they are little.
• 仿佛伤者的手正放在拉上的幕布里面，一揭开就可以把一 切造化的奥秘呈现在人们的眼前；诸如蚂蚁，当权者、战争、 城市、阳光、白雪、以及从鸟翅上掉落的羽毛等等各自内在 的含义。这种威力使他血污的躯体发光生辉，使旁人有时意 识到自己的渺小。
英语长句的翻译( briefed)
1. 英汉句子结构的差异
Synthetic vs. Analytic Compact vs. Diffusive Hypotactic vs. Paratactic Complex vs. Simple
汉语长句 流水句，竹节句
过去的二十年中，在美国风险投资促进了 许多世界高技术公司和其他一些新兴公司 的发展。许多美国公司的早期发展得益于 风险资金投资，微软，康帕，因特尔就是 其中几个成功例子。（郭）
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
The availability of venture capital financing to young high technology companies has been a primary contributor to the dramatic revenue growth enjoyed by, and the increased competitiveness of America„s high technology industry and to the economic expansion and increased employment levels experienced in California‟s Silicon Valley and other areas of high technology company concentration.
Over the past two decades, venture capital has fostered the growth of many of the world„s leading high technology and other emerging growth companies in the United States.（修饰语的处理）
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▪ 一、长句概述 ▪ 二、英语长句的分析及翻译 ▪ 三、汉语长句的分析及翻译 ▪ 四、长句翻译练习
一、长句概述
▪ “长句: 1）句子长 2）句法结构复杂 3）修饰语多
长句的翻译方法
▪ 长句翻译：“层层剥笋”法
▪ 1）弄清楚原文的语法结构
▪
主从复合句：分清主、从句
▪
简单句： 找出主语、谓语和宾语
▪ 2）找出整个句子的语义结构
▪
即中心内容、各层意思
▪ 3）分析各层含义间的逻辑联系
▪
（因果、时间顺序等）
▪ 4）灵活运用多种翻译方法
▪ 返回首页
分析长句
▪ 在分析长句时可以采用下面的方法：
▪ (1)从整体上把握句子的语法结构
▪
主从复合句：分清主、从句
▪
简单句： 找出主语、谓语和宾语。
▪ (2) 找 出 句 中 所 有 的 谓 语 结 构 、 非 谓 语 动 词 、 介 词 短 语 和 从 句 的引导词。
▪ （试比较，哪个译文更好？）
▪ 3、What should doctors say, for example, to a 46-year-old man coming in for a routine physical check up just before going on vacation with his family who, though he feels in perfect health, is found to have a form of cancer that will cause him to die within six months?
Anyone+定语 and anyone 定语 will find spiritual kinship .
▪ 2、Anyone considering taking part in the transformation of those forms of older art which seem to us in many ways unsatisfactory, so that they should be more in tune with the changing times, and anyone who does not quail at the prospect of seeking out new forms of expression for new materials and new building function, will find spiritual kinship, observing Borromini’ buildings.
▪ 译文1：有些旧艺术形式似乎在许多方面不尽人意。考虑改变 这些形式以便更好地跟上时代变化的人以及勇于为新材料和 新建筑功能探索新表现形式的人，只要观察一下博罗米尼的 建筑，就会发现风格上存在亲缘关系。
▪ 译文2：有的人考虑变革在很多方面不尽人意的旧艺术形式以 使其更好地跟上时代变化，有的人勇于为新材料和新建筑功 能探索新的表现形式，这两种人只要观察一下博罗米尼的建 筑，就会发现风格上存在亲缘关系。
▪ 结构： What should doctors say, for example, to a 46-year-old man 定语1 （coming in ---, ),状语(just before---),定语2 【 (who--- ) 定语(that ---)？】
▪ 3、What should doctors say, for example, to a 46-year-old man coming in for a routine physical check up just before going on vacation with his family who, though he feels in perfect health, is found to have a form of cancer that will cause him to die within six months.
▪ (3) 分析从句和短语的功能
▪ 从句：什么从句？（主语、宾语、定语、同位语从句） ▪ 状语：什么状语？（时间、原因、结果、条件等等 ）
▪ (4) 分析词、短语和从句之间的相互关系
▪ 定语从句所修饰的先行词在哪？
▪ 同位语从句的被修饰词在哪？
▪ 状语从句的引导词在哪？
▪
▪ (5) 是否有插入语等其他成分。
▪ (6) 分析句子中的词组、搭配。
▪ 1、A conflict between the generation— between youth and age—seems the most stupid of all conflicts, for it is one between oneself as one is and oneself as one will be, or between oneself as one was and oneself as one is.
▪ 两代人（即年轻人和老年人）之间的冲突似 乎是所有冲突中最愚蠢的。这样的突。
▪ 2、Anyone considering taking part in the transformation of those forms of older art which seem to us in many ways unsatisfactory, so that they should be more in turn with the changing times, and anyone who does not quail at the prospect of seeking out new forms of expression for new materials and new building function, will find spiritual kinship, observing Borromini’ buildings.