英译汉真题答案

英译汉

Henry Bradshaw

When one speaks of Bradshaw's "work" it is hard to make the unitiated quite understand either its extent, its importance, or its perfection. He knew more about printed books than any man living-he could tell at a glance the date and country, generally the town, at which a book was published. And the enormous range of this subject cannot be explained without a technical knowledge of the same. He was one of the foremost of Chaucer scholars, a very efficient linguist in range (though for reading, not speaking purposes), as, for instance, in the case of the old Breton language, which he evolved from notes and glosses, scribbled between the lines and on margins of Mass books-and his joy at the discovery of a word that he had suspected but never encountered was delightful to see. He could acquire a language for practical purposes with great rapidity-as, for instance, Armenian，which he began on a Thursday morning at Venice, and could read, so as to decipher titles for cataloguing, on Saturday night. He had close and unrivalled knowledge of cathedral statutes and constitutions. He was an advanced student in the origins of liturgies-especially Iris-and, indeed, in the whole of Irish literature and printing he was supreme-and, finally, he was by common consent the best palaeographist, or critic of the date of MSS., in the world.

（刚百度下的PDF手打有错误请包容哈大家也可以去百度一下这是刘士聪译的一篇文章）

汉译英

信是传递心声的鸿雁，信是连接友情的桥梁。接读朋友的来信，尤其是远自海外犹带着异国风云的航空信，确是人生一大快事，如果无须回信的话。回信，是读信之乐的一大代价。久不回信，屡不回信，接信之乐必然就相对减少，以致于无，这时，友情便暂告中断了，直到有一天在赎罪的心情下，你毅然回起信来。蹉跎了这么久，接信之乐早变成欠信之苦，我便是这么一位屡犯的罪人，交游千百，几乎每一位朋友都数得出我的前科来的。英国诗人奥登曾说，他常常搁下重要的信件不回，躲在家里看他的侦探小说。王尔德有一次对韩黎说：“我认得不少人，满怀光明的远景来到伦敦，但是几个月后就整个崩溃了，因为他们有回信的习惯。”显然王尔德认为，要过好日子，就得戒除回信的恶习。可见怕回信的人，原不止我一个。

（这是余光中的《尺素寸心》指定教材汉英翻译教程里的段子）

老与少

老年为少年之过来人，少年为老年之候补者，老与少，只不过时间上之差别而已。然中国习惯，对老少之间，往往划有无形界限。在客观上，有时重老而轻少，有时重少而轻老。在主观上，老者自恃其老，少年自矜其少。几千年来，遂形成老者自以为持重练达，而菲薄少年为少不更事；而少年自以为新锐精进，而輘轹老者为老朽昏庸。此真所谓偏颇两失之见也！曩梁任公在其《少年中国》一文中，对老年人与少年人曾有一适当对比。其言曰：“老年人如夕照，少年人如朝阳；老年人如瘠牛，少年人如乳虎；老年人如僧，少年人如侠；老年人如字典，少年人如戏文；老年人如鸦片烟，少年人如白兰地酒；老年人如别行星之陨石，少

年人如大海洋之珊瑚岛；老年人如埃及沙漠之金字塔，少年人如西伯利亚之铁路；老年人如秋后之柳，少年人如春间之草；老年人如死海之潴为泽，少年人如长江之初发源……”

观此，则知老年与少年，各有所长，各有其用，如能祛除成见，同为国家效力，则裨益民族，定非浅鲜。

Old Age and Young

The aged are the antecedents of the young, and the young are the candidates of the age d. Thedifference between age and youth is only a matter of time. But, according to the C hinese custom,there is always an invisible line of demarcation between them. Objectively speaking, sometimes theaged are held in esteem and the young are made light of; some times it is just the other wayround. Subjectively speaking, the aged are self-conceited be cause of their good old age, while theyoung think no small beer of their own youth. For t housands of years it has been assumed thatthe aged, thinking themselves experienced a nd more skillful, look down upon the young for theirgreenness in worldly affairs, while th e young, thinking themselves fresh in life and more energetic,call the aged old fogies. Eit her of these views, of course, is far from being impartial.

Liang Qi-chao in an article entitled “Young China” made a proper contrast between the a ged andthe young. He said:

“The old man is like the setting sun; the young man, the morning sun. The oldman is like a lean ox; the young man, a cub tiger. The old man is like a monk; the young man, akni ght. The old man is like a dictionary; the young man, the text of a play. The old man is li keopium; the young man, brandy. The old man is like a shooting star; the young man, a coral island.The old man is like the pyramid of Egypt; the young man, the Siberian railroa d. The old man is likethe willow after autumn; the young man, the grass in spring. The ol d man is like the dead sea thatturns into a lake; the young man, the source of the Yangt ze River.

From this, we know that the aged and the young both have their own merits and uses. If they willcast away their prejudices and work together for the country, their services to t he people shall be immense.

08华师英译汉This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals -- the average scientist, for one. (8) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those

problems. (9)Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in the everyday performance of his routine duties -- he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor his reports. (10) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to