2020 中考英语专题复习——名词, 冠词,数词, 代词专题练习题+讲解(无答案)

第一部分名词

1．名词的分类：可数名词和不可数名词

2．可数名词数的变化，单数和复数两种形式，单数用定冠词the和不定冠词a/an修饰。复数有以下化规则：

* 一般的在词尾加s

* 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词词尾加es

* 以f或fe结尾的名词将f或fe变为ves

knife---knives, wife---wives, life---lives, leaf---leaves, shelf---shelves, thief---thieves, half---halves, self---selves

但roof---roofs

* 以o结尾的名词有两种变化形式

（1）加es：英雄(hero---heroes) 吃土豆(potato---potatoes) 西红柿(tomato---tomatoes)

（2）加s：有个人去了zoo---zoos，上面挂着一幅photo---photos，画中有一架piano---pianos，上面放着一台radio---radios，重一kilo---kilos。

* 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，将y去掉加ies

特别要注意元音字母加y结尾的名词：boys, holidays, monkeys, chimneye, keys…

* 不规则变化

man---men, woman---women, Englishman---Englishmen,

Frenchman---Frenchmen, postman---postmen, businessman---businessmen, policeman---policemen, policewoman---policewomen, snowman---snowmen, child---children, foot---feet, tooth---teeth, mouse---mice

* 单复数同形

fish, sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese

* 总是使用复数形式的

clothes, trousers, people, shoes, boots, socks, stockings, pants, shorts, earrings, glasses

3. 不可数名词（不可数名词没有复数形式）

*物质名词量的表达方式：物质名词是不可数名词，表示物质名词的量，可以用以下两种方式

1) 用形容词或短语修：little, a little, a bit of, some, much, a lot of, lots of, plenty of等

2) 用容器表示：a cup of, a glass of, a bottle of, a bowl of, a piece of, a loaf of, a slice of等。表示两杯，四张等概念时，在容器后加复数，同时，谓语动词要与容器的数保持一致。3) 注意下面的用法：

The horse is useful. (可数、类别)

A horse is useful. (可数、类别)

Horses are useful. （复数、类别）

I like music. （不可数、非特指）

I like the music in this CD. （不可数、特指）

4. 名词和形容词注意用法。

wool --- woolen, sun --- sunny, wind --- windy, rain --- rainy, snow --- snowy, shower --- showery, mist --- misty, cloud --- cloudy, luck --- lucky, noise --- noisy, friend --- friendly, pleasure --- pleasant, danger --- dangerous, difference --- different, health --- healthy, difficulty --- difficult

1. The __________ is in the sky. It’s a __________ day today. (sun, sunny)

2. _________ is very important. If you want to keep _________, you must do exercise every day. (health, healthy)

3. Oh, my God, bad __________. I lost the game again. I am not __________ today. (luck, lucky)

4. The boy is in __________. Let’s hurry and help him out of the __________ place. (danger, dangerous)

5. The __________ boys are making __________ in the classroom now. (noise, noisy)

5. 各国情况一览表

国家~国的~国人人的复数

China Chinese Chinese Chinese

Japan Japanese Japanese Japanese

England English Englishman (woman) Englishmen (women) Britain British British man (woman) British men (women) France French Frenchman (woman) Frenchmen (women) Germany German German Germans

America American American Americans

Australia Australian Australian Australians

Russia Russian Russian Russians

Canada Canadian Canadian Canadians

6. 名词的所有格（作形容词用，修饰名词）

* 有生命的事物可在其后加’s，表示所属。

单数名词’s：a dog’s tail, Helen’s doctor

复数名词s’：a girls’school, ladies’hats

特殊变化的复数，变化后再加’s：Women’s Day, children’s palace

复合名词在最后一个词后加’s：somebody else’s umbrella, each other’s names

表示几个人共同拥有一样东西，在最后一个人的名字后加’s：Lucy and Lily’s mother

表示东西分别属于几个人，则在每个人的名字后都加’s：