高考必备：主谓一致

高考必备：主谓一致

主谓一致是指主语和谓语要保持人称和数上的一致，主语的“人称”和“数”决定谓语动词的变化。

II 概念归纳

1.表时间，距离，金额，重量，数字等的复数名词作“整体”看时，谓语常用单数。

Two hours is quite enough.

2.以-s结尾的名词作主语时，根据其意思来决定谓语动词的单复数。

1)表学科的名词(physics)、书报名(the Times)、国名(the United States)或组织名称(the United Nations)及news

－单数

2)单复同形的名词，如：means, works等。

Every means has been tried./ All means have been tried.

3) the Olympic Games－复数

3.集体名词作主语时，视其意义来决定谓语动词的单复数：

1) people, police, cattle等名词－复数

2) clothing, furniture, equipment等名词－单数

3) family, class, government等名词表示整体时单数，表单位成员时复数。

4. a number of / a variety of＋复数名词，the＋形容词指“一类人”时作主语，谓语用复数

the number of / the variety of＋复数名词，the＋形容词指抽象的“事物”时，谓语用单数（容易记错）

如：The beautiful is loved by all.（表抽象的概念）5. 以and连接的两个名词作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式，但名词有each, every, no修饰时,谓语动词用单数。Walking and riding are good exercises.

Each boy and each girl wants to have a holiday.

注意：当and连接的两个单数名词在意义上指的是同一人，物或概念时，仍用单数。

The teacher and writer is popular with his students.(区别：The teacher and the writer are…)

6.动名词、不定式或从句作主语时，谓语用单数。但what 引导的主语从句视后面的表语而定。（改错中经常出现）What we need is time./ What we need are books.

7.主语中心词后面有表示“增、减、补充说明”的词组时，主谓一致仍看原中心词（考的较多）

A .表示增加的： as well as, with, along with, together with, in addition to, accompanied by, besides, plus 等

The man together with his wife and children sits on the sofa watching TV.

那个人和他妻儿老小坐在沙发上看电视。

B.表示减去的：except, but(除去)等

All the students except Tom have been to America.

除汤姆外，其他学生都去过美国。

C.表示补充说明的：including, rather than, like, such as 等

The text book, plus its reference books, is well designed.

这本教材，还有参考书，设计得都很好。

8.在“one of＋复数名词＋who / that” 引导的定语从句中的动词用复数，但当one之前有等 the (only/very)修饰语时，从句中的动词则用单数。

This is one of the girls who were late for school this morning.

This is the only one of the girls who was late for school this morning.

9. glasses, shoes, trousers等复数名词若其前有pair/ kind/ type/ box of等量词修饰时，谓语根据量词的单复数而定。

10.由“a lot of/lots of/plenty of/ half of/the rest of/most of+名词/代词或分数/百分数＋名词”作主语时，谓语视其所接的名词决定单复数。

Three-fifths of the books are intended for the poor students.

The rest of the money belongs to you.

11.由or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also 等连接的名词/代词作主语及there be结构，谓语与靠近的主语一致。

Not only we but also the teacher likes listening to MP4. There is a book and two pens on the desk.

12.不定代词(all指人除外)，many a ＋名词单数, more than one作主语时,谓语用单数。

All has been finished./ All are late for the meeting.