中小学英语语法(反义疑问句)

反义疑问句
一、反义疑问句
英语中的反义疑问句是一种特殊的英语句式，它通常由一个普通的陈述句加上一个省略的附加疑问句组成。

其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，起证实作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。

表示说话者对某事有一定看法，但又不完全确定，需要对方加以证实。

翻译为“是吗”.
通常情况下，如果陈述部分是肯定的，附加疑问句就用否定；
如果陈述部分是否定的，附加疑问部分就用肯定。

陈述部分(前)+ 疑问部分(后)，前后关系就是前肯后否or 前否后肯
1、反意疑问句前后两部分谓语应成相反关系是：“肯定陈述＋否定疑问”或“否定陈述＋肯定疑问”。

2、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致
3、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时态一致
4、简略问句如果是否定式：not应与be，do，will等系动词、助动词、情态动词缩写。

5、简略问句的主语不用名词，应用人称代词。

6、陈述部分含“too...to”时，是否定句。

二、反义疑问句的回答
在回答反义疑问句时，通常用"yes"或者"no"加上主语和助动词或者情态动词。

这里的回答是对前面已陈述内容的肯定或者否定，一定要注意避免受汉语思维的影响。

如：
You do not get the main idea of this article, do you?---你没有了解这篇文章的大意，对吗？
--Yes, I do. 不，我理解了。

--No, I don't. 是的，我没有理解。

You are not Chinese, are you?
你们想怎么回答呢？不，我是中国人！于是脱口而出：“No, I am Chinese!”，你中圈套啦！
在英语里，永远是： Yes +肯定句/No+否定句
所以你们要回答：“Yes, I am Chinese.”
翻译的时候可以按照中文的行文方式翻译：不，我是中国人。

如果反义疑问句陈述部分和实际不符，先写实际情况，是肯定情况，就在前面加y e s；反之为n o。

如：
Y o u f a l l a s l e e p a l r e a d y，d o n't y o u?
实际情况是：I don't fall asleep. （当然啦，不然你已经睡着了还怎么回答人家呢？）
这是否定句，前面要加上no，完整答案就是：No, I don't fall asleep.
Y o u a r e n o t s t u d e n t s h e r e,a r e y o u?
实际情况是：We are students.
这是肯定句，前面要加上yes，完整答案就是：Yes, we are students.
所以，尊重事实，事实肯定就用yes，事实否定就用no。

三、反义疑问句的特殊情况
学习反义疑问句时，除了掌握一般的规则，还要了解一些特殊的情况。

这些特殊情况可能是主语比较特殊也有可能是谓语比较特殊，从而导致附加疑问句的特殊变化。

1、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即：肯定+否定？否
定+肯定？
You can't do it, can you? ---你不能做它，是吗？
They are very late for the meeting, aren't they? ---他们开会迟到了，是吗？
2、附加问句的主语应与陈述句的主语保持一致，且只能用人称代词替代。

You come from Beijing, don t you? ---你来自北京，是不是?
3、当陈述句中含有be动词、助动词、情态动词时，反问句部分由这些词加上主语人称代词构成：
Be动词包括：am、is、are、was、were
助动词有：do、does、did、have（用在完成时）、has（用在完成时）等
情态动词有：can、could、may、might、must、will、would、shall、should
He will go home, won't he? ---他要回家了，是吗？
She doesn't like to eat popcorn, does she? ---她不喜欢吃爆米花，是吗？
4、have的不同用法，反义疑问句用不同的动词
(1)、have 表“有”时，反义疑问句谓语动词用do
He has a new car, doesn't he?
(2)、have表“吃、喝、玩、度过、举办”等是，反义疑问句谓语动词用do
He has supper at home every day, doesn't he?
They had a good time in Beijing, didn't they?
(3)、have to表“不得不、必须”时，反义疑问句谓语动词用do
Kite has to help her mother, doesn't she?
(4)、had better表“最好”时，反义疑问句谓语动词用had
We had better go to school at once, hadn't we?
(5)、have用在完成时中，反义疑问句谓语动词用have
They have known the matter, haven't they?
5、否定词，除了no和含有no的复合词语，还有一些词汇，也有否定含义
(1)、反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little、few、never、hardly、seldom、nobody、nothing、
no one、no、not、none、neither等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。

She never tells a lie, does she? (不用doesn't she?) ---她从不说谎，是吗？
He was seldom late, was he? (不用wasn't he?) ---他几乎不迟到，是吗？
He is hardly able to swim, is he?
There is little milk in your cup, is there?
You never focus your mind on your job, do you?
---你从来都不把注意力放在工作上，对吗？
He could hardly understand what you said, could he?
---他几乎听不懂你说的话，对吗？
(2)、当陈述部分的词汇含有否定词缀，即是通过加前缀或后缀构成的（也就是有dis-, un-, im-,
in-, -less等含有词缀而意思否定的词），当做肯定句处理，其后的问句部分依然用否定结
构。

特别注意：否定词缀≠否定词
It is unfair, isn't it? ---这不公平，是吧？
He dislikes English, doesn't he?
It is impossible, isn't it?
He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?
6、陈述部分为There + be + 主语时，问句部分用动词+there形式
There are two cakes on the plate, aren't there? ---碟子里有两块蛋糕，是吗？
There is a bird in the tree, isn't there? ---树上有一只鸟，不是吗？
7、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am……时，问句部分习惯上用aren't I？
I am a very honest man, aren't I? ---我是个很诚实的人，是吗？
I'm late, aren't I? ---我没迟到吧？
I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I? ---我和你姐姐一样高，对吗？
8、陈述部分的主语为不定代词something、anything、nothing、everything时，问句部分的主语
用it。

Something is wrong with the computer, isn't it? ---电脑有问题了，是吗？
Nothing has happened to them, has it? ---他们什么事也没发生，是吗？
9、当陈述部分主语是somebody (someone) 、anybody (anyone) 、nobody (no one) 、
everybody (everyone) 、none、neither等不定代词时，附加疑问部分的主语通常用"they(强调全体)"或者"he(强调个体)" ，问句动词的数应和he或they一致；
当陈述部分的主语是"something""nothing""everything"等不定代词时，附加疑问部分的主语通常用"it"。

Someone has taken the seat, hasn't he? ---有人已经坐了位置，是吗？
Everyone has done their best in the game, haven't they?
---每个人在比赛中已经尽力了,是吗？
Someone is waiting for you in the garden, isn't he? ---有人在公园等你，不是吗？
No one knows where he comes from, do they? ---没人知道他从哪来，是吗？
Everything seems different today, doesn't it? ---今天似乎所有事情都不同了，不是吗？
10、陈述部分的主语是指示代词this或that时，反意疑问句的主语用it，当陈述部分的主语是指示代
词these或those时，其反意疑问句的主语用they。

This is a plane, isn't it? ---这是一架飞机，是吗？
These are grapes，aren't they? ---这些是葡萄，是吗？
Those are flowers, aren't they? ---那些是花，不是吗？
11、当陈述部分有情态动词must，问句有3种情况：
(1)、mustn t表示“禁止，不可，不必”时，附加问句通常要用must.
You mustn't stop your car here, must you?---你不能把车停在这地方，知道吗？
(2)、must表示“有必要”时，附加问句通常要用needn't.
They must finish the work today, needn't they?---他们今天要完成这项工作，是吗？
You must go now, needn't you? ---你必须得走了，不是吗？
(3)、当must用来表示对现在的情况进行推测时，问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的
形式。

He must be good at English, isn't he? ---他英语一定学得很好，是吗？
She must be a good English teacher, isn't she? ---她一定是位优秀的英语老师，是吗？
You must be Tom, aren't you? ---你肯定是汤姆，不是吗？
12、当陈述部分谓语动词是need，且这些词被用作实义动词时，其反意疑问句需用do的适当形式。

若need 为情态动词，疑问部分用need构成。

We need to help them, don't we?
You needn't go there, need you?
13、陈述部分为祈使句
(1)、若为let's引导，反问句用shall we?
Let's go home together, shall we? ---让我们一起回家，好吗？
(2)、若为let us/me引导和否定祈使句，都用will you？
Let us stop to rest, will you? ---让我们停下休息，好吗？
Don't make any noise, will you? ---别弄出噪音，好吗？
Pass me the salt, will you? ---把盐递给我好吗？
Let's go for an outing, shall we? ---我们去郊游好吗？
(3)、肯定祈使句则用will you 或won't you 都行
Do sit down, won't you? / will you?--- 请坐，好吗？
You feed the bird today, will you? ---今天你喂鸟，是吗？
Please open the window, will you? (won't you?) ---打开窗，好吗？
14、陈述部分是主从复合句时，陈述部分为非第一人称主语+ think（believe、suppose、consider、
imagine、expect）+ that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致
She said she would come tomorrow, didn’t she?
They all think that English is very important, don't they? （不用isn't it?）
He didn't think that the news was true, did he? （不用wasn't/ was it?）【补充】但主句主语为第一人称I/We，谓语动词是think、believe、imagine、expect、suppose 等时，附加疑问部分的人称，时态以及否定关系应该与宾语从句保持一致，此时一
定要注意否定转移情况。

I think he is a good student, isn't he?
We don't think you are right, are you?
I believe that he can get good mark in this monthly examination, can't he？
---我相信他在这次月考中能取得好成绩，不是吗？
I don't think that they are excellent, are they? ---我觉得他们不优秀，不是吗？
15、反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said（told, reported, asked……）+ that从句时，问句部
分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。

They said that you had finished your work, didn't they? （不用hadn't you）
Kate told you that she would go there, didn't she? （不用wouldn't she?）
16、当陈述部分主语是非谓语动词或名词性从句时，附加疑问部分的主语通常用"it"。

如：
Taking care of our environment is of great significance, isn't it?
---保护好我们的环境意义重大。

To protect the security of personal property is our unshirkable responsibility, isn't it?
---保护私人财产安全是我们不可推卸的责任，不是吗？
What we saw was not what really happened, was it?
---我们看到的不是真正发生的事情，对吗？
反意疑问句练习一
( )1、You'd rather watch TV this evening, ______?
A、isn't it
B、hadn't you
C、wouldn't you
D、won't you ( )2、 I suppose you're not going today, ______?
A、are you
B、do you
C、don't you
D、aren't you ( )3、 I wish to shake hands with you, ______?
A、shall
B、may I
C、do I
D、will I
( )4、Three hours ought to be enough time, ______?
A、oughtn't three hours
B、didn't they
C、shouldn't it
D、shouldn't three hours
( )5、 They have to study a lot, ______?
A、don't they
B、haven't they
C、did they
D、hadn't they ( )6、 When the car crashed, your brother escaped being hurt, ______ ?
A、didn't he
B、did he
C、did it
D、didn't it
( )7、I'm sure dirty, ______?
A、am I
B、isn't I
C、aren't I
D、am not I
( )8、You seem to be dissatisfied with your present post.
I don't think you judged your ability objectively when you applied for it, ______
you?
A、do
B、did
C、don't
D、didn't
( )9、That's the sort of the book you want, ______?
A、is it
B、isn't that
C、is that
D、isn't it
( )10、All these dictionaries are a great help to you, ______?
A、are they
B、aren't they
C、are all these dictionaries
D、aren't all these dictionaries
( )11、The movie that we saw last week was quite interesting, ______?
A、wasn't it
B、was it
C、didn't we
D、weren't we
( )12、Tom has been writing letters all afternoon, but he should have finished them by now, ______?
A、hasn't he
B、has he
C、shouldn't he
D、didn't you
( )13、David told me that you would take a trip to America, ______?
A、would you
B、wouldn't you
C、did you
D、didn't you ( )14、There appeared to be no better way, _______?
A、was there
B、were there
C、did there
D、didn't there ( )15、You has some trouble finding where I live, ______?
A、didn't you
B、hadn't you
C、do I
D、don't I
( )16、He has his hair cut every month, ______?
A、has he
B、hasn't he
C、does he
D、doesn't he ( )17、Your friend needs to come earlier, ______?
A、does he
B、doesn't he
C、need he
D、needn't he ( )18、The little boy dare not go to church, ______?
A、dare he
B、daren't he
C、does he
D、doesn't he ( )19、Susan'd have worked abroad if she'd had the chance, ______?
A、has she
B、hadn't she
C、would she
D、wouldn't she ( )20、Everyone's having a good time, ______?
A、is he
B、isn't everyone
C、does he
D、aren't they ( )21、Any one can join the club, ______?
A、can any one
B、can't any one
C、can't they
D、can they ( )22、Tell me how to operate the electronic computer, ______?
A、will you
B、shan't you
C、do you
D、don't you ( )23、Magaret scarcely comes to visit you on Christmas Day, ______?
A、doesn't she
B、does she
C、do you
D、don't you ( )24、Let's listen to the radio program that the teacher mentioned, ______?
A、do we
B、don't we
C、shall we
D、shan't we ( )25、You think you're funny, ______?
A、didn't you
B、are you
C、don't you
D、do you ( )26、Janet used to take part in labor in that village, ______?
A、used she
B、did she
C、didn't she
D、should she ( )27、What beautiful weather, ______?
A、is it
B、isn't it
C、won't it
D、doesn't it ( )28、He ought to go to Kwangchow by plane, ______?
A、should he
B、shouldn't he
C、would he
D、wouldn't he ( )29、We never dared to ask him a question, ______?
A、did we
B、didn't we
C、dared we
D、daren't we ( )30、Nobody will believe how difficult his work has been ______?
A、will he
B、won't nobody
C、will they
D、won't they ( )31、You must have made the mistake, ______?
A、mustn't you
B、haven't you
C、didn't you
D、hadn't you ( )32、Learning how to repair computers takes a long time, ______?
A、isn't it
B、aren't they
C、doesn't it
D、don't they ( )33、Jack has coffee with breakfast, ______?
A、hasn't Jack
B、hasn't he
C、doesn't Jack
D、doesn't he ( )34、They must have stayed at hotel last night, ______?
a、mustn't they B、haven't they C、didn't they D、hadn't they ( )35、There isn't anything wrong with the radio, ______?
A、is there
B、is it
C、does it
D、does there ( )36、You must be hungry, ______?
A、must you
B、mustn't you
C、are you
D、aren't you ( )37、Let's do the exercises by ourselves, ______?
A、shall we
B、shan't we
C、will you
D、will we
( )38、Her daughter had the carpets and curtains cleaned, ______?
A、had she
B、hadn't she
C、didn't she
D、didn't her daughter
( )39、The teacher had a talk with you, ______?
A、has you
B、hadn't she
C、did she
D、didn't she ( )40、Something'll have to be done about the air pollution, ______?
A、won't it
B、will it
C、has it
D、does it
( )41、Linda ate nothing this morning, ___?
A、didn't she
B、was she
C、did she
D、wasn't she ( )42、There's hardly___ milk in the bottle, _____there?
A、no, isn't
B、some, is
C、little, isn't
D、any, is ( )43、He has never ridden a horse before, ___?
A、does he
B、has he
C、hasn't he
D、doesn't he ( )44、—He seldom came here, _____?
—Yes sir.
A、didn't he
B、does he
C、doesn't he
D、did he
( )45、Everything seems all right, _____ ?
A、does it
B、don't they
C、won't it
D、doesn't it ( )46、Nobody was absent from the meeting, ____ ?
A、was it
B、were they
C、wasn't he
D、weren't they ( )47、One can't be too modest, can _____ ?
A、one
B、he
C、it
D、we
( )48、No one failed in the exam, _____ ?
A、was he
B、did one
C、did they
D、didn't he ( )49、I'm a little late for class, _____ I?
A、amn't
B、am not
C、isn't
D、ain't
( )50、Neither you nor I am a artist, _____ ?
A、am I
B、aren't we
C、are we
D、ain't I
( )51、He can't be her father, _____ he?
A、is
B、isn't
C、can
D、can't
( )52、He hardly hurt himself in the accident___________?
A、doesn't he
B、didn't he
C、did he
D、does he
( )53、Let's search the Internet for some information about famous people,______?
A、will you
B、won't you
C、shall we
( )54、Eric's never seen a three-D movie at the cinema，_______?
A、hasn't he
B、has he
C、isn't he
D、is he
( )55、---He didn't go to the lecture this morning, did he?
----______、Though he was not feeling very well、
A、No, he didn't
B、Yes, he did
C、No, he did
D、Yes, he didn't ( )56、—He's already back to Australia, _________?
— _________、He is on a visit to Shanghai.
A、isn't he; No
B、hasn't he; Yes
C、isn't he; Yes
D、hasn't he; No ( )57、—She doesn't like geography，does she?
— ___________
A、Yes，she does
B、Yes，she doesn't
C、No，she does
( )58、He's flown to Hainan for a holiday, _______ he?
A、isn't
B、hasn't
C、wasn't
( )59、---- Let's go skating,_______?
---- OK，Let's go.
A、do you
B、don't you
C、will you
D、shall we
( )60、---There is little milk in the milk bag, ________ there? ---OK、I'll get you a new bag、
A、is
B、isn't
C、aren't
D、are
( )61、Bob, you watched the fashion show last night, ________?
A、weren't you
B、didn't you
C、haven't you
D、won't you
( )62、There is no important information in the newspaper, _______?
A、isn't there
B、is it
C、is there
( )63、There are two libraries in this city, _______?
A、aren't there
B、aren't they
C、are two
( )64、Mom, my grandfather goes for a walk after supper every day, _______?
A、does he
B、is he
C、doesn't he
D、isn't he
( )65、Liu Qian has made “magic” a hot word, _______ he?
A、doesn't
B、didn't
C、hasn't
D、isn't
( )66、---You aren't a professional athlete, are you?
---______、I am just a football fan.
A、Yes, I am
B、No, I'm not
C、Of course
D、Sometimes
( )67、---Millions of people know about Susan Boyle now, _______?
----_______, she becomes well-known because of her success on Britain's Got Talent.
A、do they; No
B、do they; Yes
C、don't they; No
D、don't they; Yes ( )68、He's fed the dog and the cat, _______?
A、doesn't he
B、isn't he
C、wasn't he
D、hasn't he
( )69、John, clean your room, _______?
A、will you
B、shall we
C、don't you
D、doesn't he ( )70、I don't think she has gone to Beijing, _______?
A、has she
B、hasn't she
C、do I
D、don't I
练习一答案
1-5 C A B C A 6-10A C B D B 11-15 A C B D A 16 -20D B A D D 21-25 C A B C D 26-30 C B B A C 31-35 B C D C A 36-40D A C D A 41-45 C D B D D 46-50B A C D C 51-55 A C C B B 56-60 A A B D A 61-65 B C A C C 66-70 B B D A A。