车辆液压辅助动力系统设计

摘要

目前，减少车辆的油料消耗和废气排放量是车辆节能和环境保护的一个迫切问题。为了减少城市内交通车辆的耗油量和所排放的废气，将车辆制动等过程中转变为热能的动能加以回收利用是一个值得研究的问题。

本设计属于再生制动能量的研究范围，研究以汽车减速及制动能量回收再利用为目的的液压节能驱动系统。本系统由液压技术、传动技术、控制技术相结合实现车辆的低油耗、低排放，并有效地提高车辆的动力性能，是现有汽车节能、环保的重要途径。

本系统采用定量泵/马达，气囊式蓄能器为能量转换及贮存部件，实现制动时的动能回收和启动加速的液压能回馈。

系统中，车辆的加速与减速通过改变泵/马达的使用功能来实现，加速时，泵/马达作为马达使用，制动时，作为泵用。因此，配有该系统的车辆，即可以回收动能，还能够再利用这些能量进行加速、启动。而能量回收的关键技术是如何将制动时的能量加以保存，也就是能量回收系统的设计。在本设计中，系统采用的是液压蓄能器。

本文针对城市公交车辆研究的能量回收系统可望达到较高的节能效果，具有较高的经济效益和社会效益。

关键词：公交车；节能；泵/马达；动能；蓄能器

ABSTRACT

Today it becomes very urgent problems to reduce fuel consumption and exhaust gases from road vehicles for environmental protection. In order to reduce fuel consumption and exhaust gases from road vehicle, the kinetic energy that might otherwise be lost as heat during vehicle braking might be received and used.

This design belongs to the research of the third aspect, the compound drive system is used to regenerate the loss energy. The low oil consumption and low bleeder of vehicle are achieved by using of transmission, hydraulic power control. And the compound drive system works harmoniously with engine to raise the motive capability effectively. It is the important way of automobile saving energy and environmental protection.

Hydraulic pump/motor and hydraulic accumulation are used to transform a store energy, therefore it can regenerate the loss energy during vehicle braking and use this energy when automobile is in acceleration state.

In this system, both driving and braking torque of the vehicle are controlled by a

pump/motor. The pump/motor is used as a motor during the vehicle acceleration and as a pump when the vehicle being on braking. As a result, the vehicles with this system can not recover the kinetic energy from moving object but also use the energy at braking, namely the design of energy recovery system. In this design, the energy recovery system uses a hydraulic accumulator.

This system is expected to reduce fuel consumption, especially compared with vehicle without this system. It will bring extremely high economic and social benefits .

Key words:City bus; Energy Saving; Hydraulic pump/motor; Hydraulic power;

Accumulator

目录

摘要 (Ⅰ)

Abstract (Ⅱ)

第1章绪论 (1)

1.1汽车工业发展所面临的问题 (1)

1.1.1能源问题 (1)

1.1.2环保问题 (1)

1.2节能环保汽车的发展情况 (2)

1.2.1 总体发展思路 (2)

1.2.2 国外发展情况 (2)

1.2.3 国内发展情况 (4)

1.3液压节能驱动技术在汽车上的应用 (5)

1.4液压节能驱动技术的发展前景 (5)

第2章车辆液压节能驱动系统工况分析 (7)

2.1液压系统的设计要求 (7)

2.2工况分析 (7)

2.2.1 例子 (7)

2.2.2 测定结果分析 (8)

2.3制动系统的性能要求 (9)

2.4本章小结 (10)

第3章车辆液压节能驱动系统方案设计 (11)

3.1节能驱动系统方案确定 (11)

3.1.1 液压复合驱动系统的组成 (11)

3.1.2 液压复合驱动系统的工作原理 (11)

3.1.3功能描述 (12)

3.1.4车辆的控制方法 (13)