超声波定位系统
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1
Abstract
With the development of the national economy,location-based services become more and more important.In outdoor environments,the global positioning system(GPS) satellites and Beidou navigation system(BDS) has successfully solved the problem of localization can provide nearglobal location coverage,and due to the impact of buildings,positioning signal attenuation greatly,so can't do anything about indoor location.This papers pre discussion has a of ultrasonic positioning system of algorithm,detailed introduced has ultrasonic sensor of principle and characteristics,and STC company of STC89C52RC single tablets machine of performance and features,and in analysis has based on STC89C52RC chip for core of ultrasonic ranging of based Shang,pointed out that has design and making a ultrasonic positioning system of ideas and by needed considered of problem,including ultrasonic launches circuit,ultrasonic receives circuit,single tablets machine system,and LCD1602 displayed circuit and so on.Main to locate open space objects.
2
目录
摘 要 ....................................................................................................................................... 1 Abstract ..................................................................................................................................... 2 第一章 ....................................................................................................................................... 5
电子设计大赛
超声波定位系统设计(C 题)
学生姓Байду номын сангаас:
学 院: 时 间:
梁天宇 李嘉怡 信息工程学院 2015.04.20-2015.05.22
2015 年 5 月 22 日
超声波定位系统设计报告
摘要
随着国民经济的发展,基于位置的服务显得越来越重要。室外环境下,全球 定位系统(GPS)和北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)已经比较成功地解决了定位问题,可 以提供接近全球的定位覆盖范围,而由于受建筑物的影响,定位信号大大衰减, 因此对室内定位无能为力。本论文预探讨了一种的超声波定位系统的算法,详细 介绍了超声波传感器的原理和特性,以及 STC 公司的 STC89C52RC 单片机的性能 和特点,并在分析了基于 STC89C52RC 芯片为核心的超声波测距的基础上,指出 了设计并制作一个超声波定位系统的思路和所需考虑的问题,包括超声波发射电 路、超声波接收电路、单片机系统、LCD1602 显示电路等。主要实现对开阔空间 的目标物体进行定位。
2.1.1 超声波的物理性质 ................................................................................................ 6 2.1.2 超声波的传播速度 ................................................................................................ 6 2.2 超声波传感器 ................................................................................................................ 7 2.2.1 超声波传感器原理 ................................................................................................ 7 2.2.2 超声波传感器的检测模式 .................................................................................... 7 2.2.3 超声波传感器系统构成 ........................................................................................ 8 2.3 超声波定位系统 ........................................................................................................... 8 2.3.1 超声波定位系统的原理 ........................................................................................ 8 2.3.2 超声波定位系统的组成 ........................................................................................ 9 第三章 超声波定位系统主要硬件的设计 ........................................................................... 10 3.1 总体方案设计 .............................................................................................................. 10 3.2 单片机主机系统电路 .................................................................................................. 10 3.2.1 STC89C52 ............................................................................................................. 10 3.2.2 单片机电路 .......................................................................................................... 10 3.2.3 复位电路 .............................................................................................................. 11 3.2.4 时钟电路 .............................................................................................................. 11 3.3 超声波测距系统电路设计 .......................................................................................... 11 3.3.1 超声波发射电路 .................................................................................................. 11 3.3.2 超声波接收电路 .................................................................................................. 12 第四章 超声波定位系统软件的设计 ................................................................................... 13 4.1 系统程序的结构 .......................................................................................................... 13 4.2 系统主程序.................................................................................................................. 13
1.1 超声波定位系统概述 .................................................................................................... 5 1.2 本系统的特点与研究意义 ............................................................................................ 5 1.3 本设计研究与实现方法 ................................................................................................ 5 第二章 超声波定位系统原理 ................................................................................................. 6 2.1 超声波的特性 ................................................................................................................ 6
Abstract
With the development of the national economy,location-based services become more and more important.In outdoor environments,the global positioning system(GPS) satellites and Beidou navigation system(BDS) has successfully solved the problem of localization can provide nearglobal location coverage,and due to the impact of buildings,positioning signal attenuation greatly,so can't do anything about indoor location.This papers pre discussion has a of ultrasonic positioning system of algorithm,detailed introduced has ultrasonic sensor of principle and characteristics,and STC company of STC89C52RC single tablets machine of performance and features,and in analysis has based on STC89C52RC chip for core of ultrasonic ranging of based Shang,pointed out that has design and making a ultrasonic positioning system of ideas and by needed considered of problem,including ultrasonic launches circuit,ultrasonic receives circuit,single tablets machine system,and LCD1602 displayed circuit and so on.Main to locate open space objects.
2
目录
摘 要 ....................................................................................................................................... 1 Abstract ..................................................................................................................................... 2 第一章 ....................................................................................................................................... 5
电子设计大赛
超声波定位系统设计(C 题)
学生姓Байду номын сангаас:
学 院: 时 间:
梁天宇 李嘉怡 信息工程学院 2015.04.20-2015.05.22
2015 年 5 月 22 日
超声波定位系统设计报告
摘要
随着国民经济的发展,基于位置的服务显得越来越重要。室外环境下,全球 定位系统(GPS)和北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)已经比较成功地解决了定位问题,可 以提供接近全球的定位覆盖范围,而由于受建筑物的影响,定位信号大大衰减, 因此对室内定位无能为力。本论文预探讨了一种的超声波定位系统的算法,详细 介绍了超声波传感器的原理和特性,以及 STC 公司的 STC89C52RC 单片机的性能 和特点,并在分析了基于 STC89C52RC 芯片为核心的超声波测距的基础上,指出 了设计并制作一个超声波定位系统的思路和所需考虑的问题,包括超声波发射电 路、超声波接收电路、单片机系统、LCD1602 显示电路等。主要实现对开阔空间 的目标物体进行定位。
2.1.1 超声波的物理性质 ................................................................................................ 6 2.1.2 超声波的传播速度 ................................................................................................ 6 2.2 超声波传感器 ................................................................................................................ 7 2.2.1 超声波传感器原理 ................................................................................................ 7 2.2.2 超声波传感器的检测模式 .................................................................................... 7 2.2.3 超声波传感器系统构成 ........................................................................................ 8 2.3 超声波定位系统 ........................................................................................................... 8 2.3.1 超声波定位系统的原理 ........................................................................................ 8 2.3.2 超声波定位系统的组成 ........................................................................................ 9 第三章 超声波定位系统主要硬件的设计 ........................................................................... 10 3.1 总体方案设计 .............................................................................................................. 10 3.2 单片机主机系统电路 .................................................................................................. 10 3.2.1 STC89C52 ............................................................................................................. 10 3.2.2 单片机电路 .......................................................................................................... 10 3.2.3 复位电路 .............................................................................................................. 11 3.2.4 时钟电路 .............................................................................................................. 11 3.3 超声波测距系统电路设计 .......................................................................................... 11 3.3.1 超声波发射电路 .................................................................................................. 11 3.3.2 超声波接收电路 .................................................................................................. 12 第四章 超声波定位系统软件的设计 ................................................................................... 13 4.1 系统程序的结构 .......................................................................................................... 13 4.2 系统主程序.................................................................................................................. 13
1.1 超声波定位系统概述 .................................................................................................... 5 1.2 本系统的特点与研究意义 ............................................................................................ 5 1.3 本设计研究与实现方法 ................................................................................................ 5 第二章 超声波定位系统原理 ................................................................................................. 6 2.1 超声波的特性 ................................................................................................................ 6