高三英语语法专题复习讲义资料整理
江苏高考高三英语语法知识复习
高三英语语法知识复习(复合句)一、名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词，可分别在句中作主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
从属连词that：在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何意思，只起连接作用，有时可以省略从属连词if, whether：在从句中不充当任何成分，有意义，不可以省略： 连接代词who, whoever, whom, whomever, which, whichever, what, whatever, whose在从句中充当成分，有意义，不可以省略连接副词where, when, why, how：在从句中充当成分，有意义，不可以省略一、主语从句１.由从属连词引导的主语从句：①Whether the country should build a nuclear power station is something we must discuss.那个国家是否应该建立核电站……光以直线传播….②That light travels in straight line is known to all .２.由连接代词引导的主语从句：我们所需要的是……①What we need is more time.无论你选哪本书……②Whichever book you choosedoesn’t matter to me.３.由连接副词引导的主语从句：飞机什么时候起飞……①When the plane is to take offhasn’t been announced.水的流量是多少……③How much water is flowing can be measured easily.4.关于形式主语 it①It + be +形容词+ that-从句重要的是…有必要…… It is important that…It is necessary that…很明显…… It is likely that….很可能It is obvious that…分词+ that-从句②It + be + -ed众所周知…It has been decided that…人们相信……It is known to all that…It is believed that…已决定……名词+ that-从句③It + be +It is common knowledge that… ……是常识 It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是……事实是…… 可应用于此句型的名词还有fact / shame / honor / question/pityIt is a fact that…等。
高三英语语法专题复习讲义
【要点点拨】一.可数名词的复数构成规则:1.规则变化:加-s, -es; 辅音字母加y结尾的去y加ies;把f/ fe变成ves;(1)keys , three Henrys; stomachs; safes; beliefs; proofs; roofs; gulfs; chiefs; heroes; potatoes; tomatoes; Negroes; dingoes A(2) 缩写,数字,字母等在后面加s或’s都可,如: some VIPs (VIP’s); in his 50s / 50’s; in the 1990s / 1990’s; There are two t’s in the word “letter”.2.不规则变化:(1)men , children , feet, teeth, geese, mice; oxen等;(2)单复数形式相同:sheep; deer; fish; means; works(工厂); Chinese; Japanese; Swiss; (teas, fruits, fishes, metals等表示种类);(3)只有复数形式:trousers, glasses(眼镜);remains(遗体/物);clothes; ashes; contents(目录); goods; customs(海关); arms(武器);(4)复合名词的复数形式: shoe shops; lookers-on; grown-ups; passers-by; daughters-in-law(5)表示某国人的复数形式:A:单复一样:Chinese / Japanese) B: 把man变成men : Englishmen; Frenchmen; C:其它加s (包括Germans)一、不可数名词1.量的表示：用some / a little / much等表示数量的词（组）及单位名词（量词），用得较多的有piece, article, bottle, head, loaf, bar 等：a piece of advice / bread / news / information / equipment / chalk / cloth / clothing / music / work / furniture / paper / wood / baggage; a loaf of bread; a bar of chocolate ; two head of cattle2.不可数名词具体化：These games are great successes; The party was a great success.二、名词的所有格：1.表示有生命的名词后加’s, 如一样东西为几人共有，则在最后一个名词后加’s: Jack and Tom’s room(两人共有的房间); Jack’s andTom’s rooms（两人各自的房间）；表示无生命的名词的所有格用of表示：the windows of the room;(但表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体、机构等无生命的名词后也可加’s: China’s industry; today’s paper; ten minutes’ walk)2.表示“某人家里”“某店铺”等的名词所有格后省略所修饰的名词：at my aunt’s (house); at the doctor’s (office); go to the chemist’s (shop);3.双重所有格：a / an / this / that / these / those / some / any / a few / no / every / several / such / another / which 等+名词+of +…..’s / 名词性物主代词（表示“部分”的概念或表示某种感情色彩，如：赞赏、讨厌等）；比较：a friend of her mother’s她母亲的一个朋友（强调她母亲的朋友中的一位，为双重所有格）a friend of her mother她母亲的朋友（强调两人间的关系，为of 所有格）a picture of his brother’s(他弟弟的所拥有的照片中的一张，照片上不一定是他本人)a picture of his brother（他弟弟本人的一张照片，照片上就是他本人）三、名词作定语修饰名词：前一个名词表示后一个名词的特点、性质及用途；(1)一般前面的名词用单数形式，复数加在后面主体名词上：shoe shop(s); story book(s); coffee cup(s); physics teacher(s); 个别名词修饰另外一个名词用复数形式：sales manager; sports meet; 由man / woman与另一个名词构成复合名词两者都变复数：men/ women doctors;(2)比较名词作定语及形容词作定语的不同意义：a dust bag ( a bag for dust) 装灰尘的袋子/ a dusty bag布满灰尘的袋子 a chemical change化学变化(具有化学性质的变化)/ a chemistry teacher( a teacher of chemistry)一个化学老师a gold watch 一只金表(表材质)/ a golden watch一只金黄色的表五.英语中”很多”的表达:只修饰可数名词:quite a few / a great many (of) / many / a (large / small) number of只修饰不可数名词: a great deal of / a great amount of ( great amounts of)既可修饰可数也可修饰不可数名词:plenty of / a lot of ( lots of ) / a (large) quantity of / large quantities of【各个击破】1.No regular advertiser dare produce anything that fails to stick to the _____of his advertisement.A. standardB. levelC. messageD. promise2.-----What do you think of his composition?------Much better, b ut there’s still some ______for improvement.A. spaceB. roomC. areaD. place3. Sometimes doctors make higher ______ for their work than they should.A. billsB. chargesC. costsD. prices4. The ______of a big snake made her frightened, so she sat therestill.A. sightB. lookC. viewD. scene5.No ______ she fell ill, considering that she had been overworkingfor years.A. problemB. wayC. wonderD. matter6. -----How is it that you lost your way?------When I came to the crossroads, I went the wrong ________.A. wayB. directionC. distanceD. path7. Little Tom asked me for small _________ for his _________piece,so I gave him ________.A. change; ten pennies; ten penceB. changes; ten pennies; ten penceC. change; ten pence; ten penniesD. changes; ten pence; ten pennies8. Will you please tell me _______you are talking about?A. which Zhang Yimou’s filmB. which film of Zhang YimouC. which film of Zhang Yimou’sD. zhang Yimo u’s which film9. The baby broke a _______which is made of _____just now.A. tea cup; glassB. cup of tea; glassC. tea’s cup; glassesD. tea cup; glasses10. Look, Mother has just bought three _______ and _______.A. fruit; lots of vegetablesB. fruits; a number of vegetablesC. fruit; a great many of the vegetablesD. fruits; a great amount of vegetables11. If you get the job you’ll have to make business ______every nowand then.A. journeysB. tripsC. travelsD. voyages12. I listened to his lecture about biology , but I missed the key______.A. messagesB. senseC. notesD. points13. He is always full of ______as though he never knew tiredness.A. strengthB. forceC. powerD. energy14.There has been a great _______ in the number of cars in our city in the past five years.A. increaseB. improvementC. resultD. effect15. I don’t think it’s my ______ that the TV doesn’t work. I just turned it off.A. mistakeB. faultC. dutyD. error16. ---- What’s the ______ of this pair of shoes?---- 500 yuan.---- Oh, it’s really too expensive.---- But it’s comfortable, so I think it’s good _______ for money.A. cost; valueB. price; valueC. price; costD.cost; price17. How did you like the ________of the interpreter(口译员)at theconference on TV?A. performanceB. achievementC. materialD. words18.She is not in good _______for such heavy work.A. stateB. conditionC. positionD.situation19.It’s bad _______ for a man to smoke in public places where smoking is not allowed.A. mannersB. actionC. movementD. manner20. Johnson is an honest businessman. Our company and his has hada lot of _______ in the past few years.A. agreementsB. salesC. dealsD. bargains主谓一致（主备人：张菊贤）【要点点拨】英语句子中谓语动词的数必须与主语的人称和数取得一致，这就叫做主谓一致。
高三英语语法知识点归纳2024
高三英语语法知识点归纳2024引言随着高考的临近，英语语法的掌握对于高三学生来说至关重要。
本文旨在归纳和总结高三英语语法的核心知识点，帮助学生系统复习，提高英语语法运用能力。
第一部分：词法1. 名词可数名词与不可数名词名词的数名词的所有格2. 代词人称代词物主代词反身代词指示代词不定代词3. 形容词和副词形容词的位置和用法副词的分类和用法形容词和副词的比较级与最高级4. 动词动词的时态现在简单时过去简单时将来简单时现在进行时过去进行时将来进行时现在完成时过去完成时将来完成时动词的语态被动语态的构成和用法动词的非谓语形式动名词不定式分词5. 介词介词的分类介词的固定搭配介词短语的用法6. 连词并列连词从属连词连词的用法和区别7. 冠词不定冠词定冠词零冠词的使用情况第二部分：句法1. 句子成分主语谓语宾语表语定语状语2. 句子种类陈述句疑问句祈使句感叹句3. 句子结构简单句并列句复合句名词性从句定语从句状语从句4. 直接引语和间接引语直接引语的用法间接引语的转换5. 虚拟语气虚拟语气的构成虚拟语气的用法第三部分：特殊句式1. 强调句强调句的构成强调句的用法2. 倒装句完全倒装部分倒装3. 省略句省略的规则省略的用法第四部分：写作中的语法应用1. 语法在写作中的重要性2. 常见错误分析3. 提高写作语法准确性的策略结语语法是英语学习的基石，掌握好语法规则对于提高英语水平至关重要。
希望本文能够帮助高三学生在语法学习上取得突破，为高考英语科目的成功打下坚实的基础。
高中英语2025届高考语法复习句法知识讲解(主谓一致+动词时态+助动词)
高考英语语法复习句法知识讲解一、主谓一致在英文中，谓语的形式要与主语保持一致。
比如，你、我、他是学生，中文“是”字是一样的，只有主语不同。
英文的动词要根据主语不同而改变：I am，you are，he is。
主谓一致有三大原则：语法一致，意义一致，就近一致。
（一）语法一致名词是单数，谓语动词是单数。
不可数名词、集体名词、动词不定式、动名词等，谓语动词也用单数。
Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
The team is playing well. 这个团队表现得很好。
To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
Swimming is good exercise. 游泳是一项很好的运动。
记住：绝大多数都用单数，只有明确的复数名词，谓语动词才用复数。
My parents are teachers. 我的父母都是老师。
The shoes are all right. 这些鞋子很合适。
鞋、裤子、眼镜，只能是复数，如果前面加上“一双”“一条”，后面的动词就是单数。
A pair of glasses is very expensive. 一副眼镜很贵。
要想搞清楚谓语用单数还是复数，一定要准确锁定主语。
All except me in my family are going to the park. 很显然，all才是真正的主语，所以是复数。
She as well as the other girls is reading a book. 在这里，She才是真正的主语，所以是单数。
"more than one +名词"作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。
例如：More than one teacher gets the flowers."half of, the rest of, most of, all of, 百分数/分数+of +名词"作主语时，谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定。
高中英语知识点大纲材料整理2024
高中英语知识点大纲材料整理2024
以下是高中英语知识点大纲材料的整理，涵盖了语法、词汇、阅读、写作和听力等方面：
一、语法知识点：
1. 时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时等。
2. 语态：主动语态和被动语态。
3. 从句：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句）、定语从句、状语从句等。
4. 虚拟语气：与过去事实相反的虚拟语气、与现在事实相反的虚拟语气、与将来事实相反的虚拟语气等。
5. 比较级和最高级：形容词和副词的比较级和最高级，以及比较级和最高级的使用方法和结构。
6. 倒装句：完全倒装和部分倒装句的语法结构和用法。
二、词汇知识点：
1. 常用词汇：高考常见的考点词汇，如常见动词、名词、形容词等。
2. 词义辨析：同义词和近义词的区别，如常见的单词辨析。
三、阅读技巧和考点：
1. 阅读技巧：快速阅读、略读、精读的方法和技巧。
2. 阅读题型：主旨题、细节题、推理题、态度题等。
3. 阅读材料：包括新闻报道、社论、广告、传单、公告、说明文等。
四、写作技巧和考点：
1. 写作结构：写作各部分的结构和组织方法，包括引言、正文、结论等。
2. 表达方式：句式转换、句型转换、词语替换等写作表达技巧。
3. 写作题材：人物描写、事件描写、看图写话、书信、口头通知等写作题材。
五、听力技巧和考点：
1. 听力技巧：抓住关键词，注意听力材料中的重点信息。
2. 听力题型：听力材料中的选择题、填空题、判断题等。
以上是高中英语知识点大纲材料的整理，希望能对你的学习有所帮助！。
高考英语一轮复习语法总结讲义
一、时态、语态时态、语态需要掌握的要点：1.表达将来时的形式：(1)在时间、条件、让步从句中，一般现在时代替将来时，但要注意区别从句的类型，如：I’ll tell him when you will ring again. 我告诉他你什么时候再来电话。
(宾语从句)比较：I’ll tell him when you ring again.你再打电话时我告诉他。
(状语从句)(2)在make sure, make certain, see (to it) 后的that从句中，谓语动词用一般现在时代替将来时，如：See to it that you include in the paper whatever questions they didn’t know the answer to last time.(include 不能用will include或其他形式) 2.完成时是时态测试的重点，注意与完成时连用的句型和时间状语：(1)by/between/up to/till +过去时间、since、by the time/when +表示过去发生情况的从句，主句用过去完成时。
如：We had just had our breakfast when an old man came to the door.Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed had been produced.(表示1919年时已发生的情况) (2)by +将来时间、by the time/ when +谓语动词是一般现在时的从句，主句用将来完成时。
如：By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed in Europe for two weeks.I hope her health will have improved greatly by the time we come back next year.(3)by now、since +过去时间、in/during/for/over/the past/last few(或具体数字)years/days/months，主句用现在完成时,如：The changes that had taken place in air travel during the last sixty years would have seemed completely impossible to even the most brilliant scientists at the turn of the 19th century.但在it is +具体时间since/before这一句型中，主句更多的时候不用完成时。
高三总复习语法课件
不规则变化
复合名词的复数形式
在复合名词中，将主体名词变为复数 形式，例如“passer-by -> passersby”。
如“child -> children”、“ox -> oxen”。
02
冠词
不定冠词的用法
泛指某个人或物
不定冠词用于泛指某个人或物， 表示“一个、某个”的意思。例 如，“一个苹果”可以表示任意
。
一般现在时
表示经常发生的动作或 存在的状态。
现在完成进行时
表示从过去开始一直持 续到现在的动作或状态
。
过去时态
过去进行时
表示过去某个时间正在进行的 动作或状态。
过去完成时
表示过去的过去发生的动作或 存在的状态。
一般过去时
表示过去发生的动作或存在的 状态。
过去完成进行时
表示从过去的过去开始一直持 续到过去的动作或状态。
指示代词还可以用来表示强调或 加强语气，如“这就是我想说的 ”中的“这”强调了说话者所指
的内容。
04
形容词和副词
形容词的用法
01
02
03
描述名词属性
形容词用于描述名词的属 性，如“美丽的花朵”、 “高大的建筑”。
修饰名词
形容词可以放在名词前面 ，如“快乐的时光”、“ 安静的夜晚”。
比较级和最高级
一个苹果。
用于类属关系
不定冠词可以用于表示类属关系， 即某类事物中的一个。例如，“一 个动物”表示动物这一类生物中的 一个。
用于比较结构
不定冠词可以用于比较结构中，表 示“比……的一个”。例如，“他比 她高一个头”表示他比她高出一个 头的高度。
定冠词的用法
特指某个人或物
高三英语语法讲义
高三英语语法讲义高三英语语法讲义一:时态:所谓的;时态;,就是时间+状态.谓语动词的时态见下表: 1．主动形式过去现在将来过去将来一般diddowill/shall doshould/would do进行was/were doingam/is/are doingwill/shall be doing/完成had donehave/has donewill/shall have doneshould/would have done用于虚拟语气完成进行had been doinghave/has been doing//2．被动形式过去现在将来过去将来一般was/were givenam/is/are givenwill/shall be givenshould/would be given进行was/were being givenam/is/are being given//完成had been givenhave/has been givenwill/shall have been given should/would have been given完成进行///vCET-4 常考的三种时态:过去完成时;将来完成时;(现在/过去)完成进行时.v时间状语从句当中的时态:一般过去时所有的过去用一般现在时表示现在和将来现在完成时现在完成和将来完成一．非谓语动词一．不定式:一)不定式的常考形式:1) 一般形式:He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others.被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do.语法功能: 表示与谓语动词同步发生2) 完成形式:He pretended not tohave seen me.被动形式:The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 语法功能:表示发生在谓语动词之前二)不定式常考的考点:1)不定式做定语----将要发生2)不定式做状语----目的3)不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe.三)不定式的省略1)感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at,hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel+ do表示动作的完整性,真实性;+ doing 表示动作的连续性,进行性I saw him work in thegarden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了.(强调;我看见了;这个事实)I saw him working in thegarden yesterday.昨天我见他正在花园里干活.(强调;我见他正干活;这个动作)v感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词:Thecake tastes good; It feels comfortable.2) 使役动词 have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同1)一样被动以后要还原toI ‘d like to have John do it.I have my package weighed.Paul doesn’t have to be made to learn.3) help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do四)有些动词后只跟不定式如:want,wish,hope,manage,promise,refuse,pretend,plan,offer,decide,agree,e_pect allow sb todo, cause sb to do , permit sb todo, enable sb to doforce sb to do. be more likely to do love to do warn sb to do be able to dobe ambitious to do. begin to do .start to do五) 有的时候to后面要接-ing形式accustom (oneself) to; be accustomed to;face up to; in addition to; look forward to; object to; be reduced to; resign oneself to; be resigned to; resort to; sink to; be used to; be alternative to;be close/closeness to; be dedication/dedicated to; be opposition/opposed to; besimilarity/similar to.三.need/want 后的-ing形式具有被动的意思.其中,want不太常用.He needs (a lotof) encouraging.二. 动名词: 具有动作性特征的名词1)是名词 seeingis believing2)具有动词性特征可以带宾语 starving troopsis necessary.一)动名词的形式:一般形式:I don’t like you smoking.完成形式:I regret not havingtaken your advice.被动形式:This question isfar from being settled.二) 动名词常考的点1)动名词做主语谓语动词为单数2)在动名词和不定式中,做为介词的宾语是动名词3)动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词,通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻辑主语.I would appreciate_______ back thisafternoon．A．you to call B．you call C．you calling D．you’re calling(Key:C your calling 也对)I regret not having taken youradvice.4)有些词后只能接动名词admit; appreciate; avoid; celebrate;consider; contemplate; defer; delay; deny; detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; e_cuse; e_plain; fancy; feel like; finish;forgive; can’t help; hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention; mind; miss; itnecessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent; recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand...另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用说法:it’s no good; it’s no/little/hardly any/use; it’s not/hardly/scarcely use; it’s worthwhile; spend money/time; there’sno; there’s no point in; there’s nothing worse than; what’s theuse/point...5有些词后加不定式和动名词均可remember, forget, try, stop, go on, cease, mean后面用不定式和-ing形式,意义截然不容.I remembered topost the letters. (指未来/过去未来的动作)I rememberedposting/having posting the letters (我记得这个动作)forgot与remember的用法类似.I regret toinform you that… 我很遗憾地通知你…I regrettedhaving left the firm after twenty years. 为了;二十年前的离开;而遗憾.try to 努力 You really must try toovercome your shyness.try –ing 试验 Trypracticing five hours a day.I mean togo, but my father would not allow me to. [打算.想]我想去,但我父亲不让我去.To raise wage meansincreasing purchasing power. [意味着]赠加工资意味着增加购买力.prefer的用法:我宁愿在这里等.I prefer towait here. (所以啊,你不介意的话,我就等下去.)I preferwaiting here.(我正在这里等,我就喜欢这么做.)I preferswimming to cycling. (这个句子里面就不能用不定式了.)3 分词:现在分词主动进行,过去分词被动状态现在分词的形式:1)一般式: Doyou see the man talking to the dean(主任)? (与谓语动词同步发生)2)完成形式:Not having made adequate preparations,they failed. (发生谓语动词之前)3)完成被动形式:Having been adapted, the script seemsperfect.( 发生谓语动词之前且表示被动)过去分词1) 过去分词表示被动:Fight no battle unprepared.2)过去分词的进行形式:You’ll find the topic being discussed everywhere. (强调正在被做)这三种非谓语动词,都可以构成复合结构,非谓语动词所修饰的成分是这些非谓语动词的逻辑主语.他们之间的一致关系——主动还是被动,往往就是考点.独立主格结构中,要注意的是分词与他前面的逻辑主语之间的主动被动的关系.二:虚拟三:虚拟语气情态动词所表达的可能性程度:must/can’tà should/shouldn’t à might/may (not)另外两个;类情态词的形式:;need/needn’t; have to/don’t have tov最自然的虚拟状态:由should/would+原型时态(不含时间只含状态)本质上是过去将来时:即,时间固定在过去将来,状态不同:一般.进行.完成.完成进行.这时;虚拟语气;的产生往往是因为我们要表达;本来应该……;(而现在却还没有……)(本来可以……,本来能……)I should go! (… but I’m still here!) (一般)I should beworking now! (进行)I should havepracticed more (than I did)! (完成)我应该多多练习!(言下之意,现在我练习得不多.)I shouldn’tdream away my time too much! (完成的否定)(actually I diddream away my time too much!)It shouldn’thave been leaking for such a long time! (完成进行)Imay/might/could have finished! (完成)一些常见的句型中,就会出现这种虚拟语气,而处于从句之中,should 常常被省略掉osuggest, advise, propose,recommend, plan;odemand, order, direct, arrange,command, decide;orequire, request;othink, e_pect, believe, insist,suspect.由于他们的含义中包含;建议,假设,应该;这类的含义,所以,由他们引起的从句中,就会包含有should+原型时态构成的虚拟语气.这些动词(以及他们的名次形式,分词形式)引起的从句还有其他的变形:主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句It’s suggestedthat…My suggestion isthat…The onlysuggestion that...The onlysuggestion I can give you now is that…一些形容词引起的表语从句中,也会有同样的情况important;necessary; essentialIt’s natural ; strange; incredible thatapity; a shame; no wonder_Oslash;由lest, for fearthat, in case 引起的从句中多使用shouldv表达与事实相反1. 与现在相反:使用[过去时]:I wish I were not here! (一般现在à一般过去) Suppose we were not here.He loved me as if I were his own son. (一般现在à一般过去)Hope I weren’t always losing things! (现在进行à过去进行)If only/If I hadn’t been there! (现在完成à过去完成)What if I hadn’t been waiting right here! (现在完成进行à过去完成进行)常考句型:It’s (high) time (that)…; would rather(that)…这两个从句,只能表达对现在的看法,所以,从句中只有一般过去时.2. 与过去相反:过去完成时;How nice it is if I had past the test!How nice it is if I had slept a little more this morning!3. 与将来相反?将来的事情没有发生,所以只能推测.If it rains tomorrow, we’llhave to stay one day more.不过,由于可以用be to表示将来;所以,虚拟语气中经常出现were to;也是CET-4的常考语法点.v虚拟条件句oif 部分,做一个与事实相反的假设(所以只有一般过去和过去完成);o主句部分,这是表示基于这个假设的推测,一般使用情态动词would,少数情况下使用could/might/may.o注意:两个部分之间,是有逻辑关系,而在两部分的谓语动词时态上,没有必然的联系.v注意,虚拟条件句中的if可以省略,造成were/had提前,产生倒装.v隐含的非真实条件What would youdo with 50 thousand dollar?How could I behappy without you?除了条件状语从句之外,原因状语从句也会出现虚拟语气.o由in order that,so that引起的从句,肯定的时候可以使用may/might;can/could; 否定的时候,多用shouldn’t;owhoever, whatever, no matterwhat引起的从句中,多用may+情态动词的基本用法及其区别最近几年高考试题中常常借助语境来考查情态动词的基本用法及其区别,因此在平时学习时准确理解和掌握情态动词的基本用法十分重要.情态动词的用法复杂多变,在高考试题中,命题者常常利用语境和句子之间意义上的细微差别来考查学生对情态动词的理解和掌握.对于情态动词,除了要求考生能够准确掌握它们的基本用法外,还要充分利用高考试题所设置的语境来分析句子之间所体现的特殊关系.下面就近几年来高考试题中出现的情态动词的考点进行归纳分析,以便同学们复习掌握.一.用〝情态动词＋have ＋done〞结构表示对过去动作的推测,高考试题中常用过去时态或过去的时间状语给以暗示.情态动词的这一用法可以用〝对立统一〞来概括.1．当试题的前句和后句在动作和意义上相互补充说明,且整个句意在动作和时间上是一个整体时,我们可用〝统一〞关系来解决这样的试题.常见的结构有:must have done:表示对过去动作的肯定推测,常译作〝一定做了……〞,只能用于肯定句中.其否定形式为can’t／couldn’t have done疑问式为Can／Could...have done﹖.could ／might have done:表示对过去发生的动作的可能性推测,常译作〝可能做了……〞.如:1) My sister met him at the Grand Theater yesterday afternoon, so he ＿＿＿＿＿ your lecture．A． couldn’t have attendedB． needn’t have attendedC． mustn’t have attendedD． shouldn’t have attended本题选A.2) Jack ＿＿＿＿ yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me．A． mustn’t have arrivedB． shouldn’t have arrivedC． can’t have arrivedD． need not have arrived (C)2．当试题的前后句在动作和意义上构成转折关系时,常借助〝but, however, instead〞等词来表示过去的动作与客观事实不符,这时我们就可以用〝对立〞关系来解决这样的试题.这种结构常见的有:should have done ／ ought to have done:表示过去本应该做某事而实际上没有做.should not have done ／ ought not tohave done:表示过去本不应该做某事但事实上却做了.need have done:表示过去本来有必要去做某事,但事实上没有做.need not have done:表示过去本来没有必要做某事,但事实上却做了.如:3) I was really an_ious about you． You ＿＿＿＿＿ home without aword．(NMET_)A． mustn’t leave B． shouldn’t have leftC． couldn’t have left D． needn’t leave〝本不应该离家出走却走了〞,故本题选B.4) I told Sally how to get here, butperhaps I ＿＿＿＿＿ for her．(NMET’94)A． had to write it outB． must have written it outC． should have written it outD． ought to write it out由句中的连词but可知前后句之间是对立关系,分析题意可知本题应选C.二.考查情态动词基本用法之间的比较和辨析.最近几年高考试题中常借助具体的语境来考查考生对那些最常见的情态动词的基本用法的理解和掌握,因此在做这样的试题时应认真分析语境中所含的实际意义,并结合情态动词的基本含义和用法做出正确的选择.5) —Is John coming by train﹖—He should, but he ＿＿＿＿＿＿ not． He likes driving his car．A． must B． can C． need D． maymustn’t 表示〝禁止.不准〞;cannot 表示〝不可能〞;need not 表示〝不必要〞;may not表示〝可能不〞.分析语境可知本题应选D.6) —I hear you’ve got a set ofvaluable Australian coins．＿＿＿＿＿＿ I have a look﹖—Yes, certainly．A． Do B． May C． Shall D． Should分析语境可知这是在征求对方的许可,may表示〝允许.可以〞,语气比较委婉shall常用于第一.三人称作主语的疑问句中,表示征求对方意见和指示,如果此空用shall,则意为〝要(我)看一下吗?〞,不符合上下文意思.故本题选B.7) Mr Bush is on time for everything． How ＿＿＿＿ it be that hewas late for the opening ceremony﹖A． can B． should C． may D． mustmust be 表示肯定的猜测,只能用于肯定句中,由题意可知本题应选A.8) —Are you coming to Jeff’s party﹖—I’m not sure． I ＿＿＿＿ go to the concertinstead．A． must B． would C． should D． might由题意和下句中的〝I’m not sure〞可知这段对话中存在一种可能性推测,might可以用来表示一种比较委婉的可能性判断,故本题选D.又如: I should have beenthere, but I ＿＿＿＿＿ not find the time．A． would B． could C． might D． should分析题意可知第二个分句表示过去的某种能力;C 项只表示语气上的可能性,与题意不符.故本题选B.9) Johnny, you ＿＿＿＿ play with the knife, you ＿＿＿＿ hurt yourself．A． won’t; can’t B． mustn’t; mayC． shouldn’t; must D． can’t; shouldn’tmustn’t 表示〝不可以;禁止〞,分析题意可知第二个空表示某种可能性,故本题选B.10) —Will you stay for lunch﹖—Sorry, ＿＿＿＿＿＿． Mybrother is coming to see me．A． I mustn’t B． I can’tC． I needn’t D． I won’t分析题意可知因为〝我弟弟要来看我〞,所以〝不能留下〞,因此对别人的邀请或要求应给予礼貌的拒绝.A 项表示〝禁止〞;C项表示〝不必要〞;而D项表示〝不会〞,均不符合题意.故本题选B.又如:—Could I borrow your dictionary﹖—Yes, of course you ＿＿＿＿＿．A． might B． will C． can D． should (C)11)—When can I come for the photos﹖ I need them tomorrow afternoon．—They ＿＿＿＿＿ be ready by 1200．A． can B． should C． might D． need该题考查情态动词should的基本含义,分析句意可知本题应选B.又如:12) The fire spread through the hotelvery quickly but everyone ＿＿＿＿ get out．(A． had to B． would C． could D． was able to该题考查了could和be able to的区别,二者都可表示过去时间的能力,但如果表示过去成功地做了某事只能使用was ／ were able to do,故本题选D.13) —Shall I tell John about it ﹖—No, you ＿＿＿＿＿． I’ve told him already．A． needn’t B． wouldn’t C． mustn’t D． shouldn’t情态动词shall在试题中表示征询对方意见或请求指示.答句暗示〝没有必要了〞,故本题选A三.一致关系一)主谓一致1．主谓一致(与插入语无关)1主谓的分隔原则:主谓之间可以用定语从句或者省略的定语从句分隔. 2定语从句中的主谓一致:3随前一致:n.+togetherwith n2aswellasincludingalongwithwith/ofaccompaniedwith/by4就近原则:n1orn2 +v(就近原则)eithern1orn25可数n1and可数n2+v(pl)不可数n1and不可数n2+v(pl)例外:warandpeaceis…warandpeace是一个整体但是如果主语表示的是同一个概念,同一人,同一事的时候,谓语动词用单数,这种结构的特征是and连接的两个词只有一个冠词.The iron and steel industry is very important to our country.The head master and mathematical teacher is coming.The head master and themathematical teacher are coming.类似的还有:lawandorder breadandbutter blackandwhiteToloveandtobelovedis…Alawyera ndateacherare…Alawyerandteacheris…6随后原则:notAbutB/notonlyAbutalsoB+v.(与B一致)7百分比结构:most,half,rest,some,majority,one+persent of+n1+v.(由n1决定)8倒装结构的主谓一致:a)Therebe+n 由名词决定动词b)Among,between等介词位于句首引起倒装结构:Among/Between…+系动词+n.(由名词决定动词)9The+adj的主谓一致:a)当表示〝一类人〞,b)当表示某一抽象概念时Thegoodisalwaysattractive.10 Todo/doing/主从+vs_Morethanone+nmanya+n.adayortwo二).倒装1 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前.此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时.常见的结构有:Up went the plane = the plane went up.1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie,run.2) 表示运动方向的副词(back, down, off, up)或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词.注意:1) 上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能倒装.Here he comes. Awaythey went. 2)谓语动词是be的时候,不能倒装.Here it is. Hereyou are.3)形容词短语/分词短语位于句首,引起倒装_typicalof characteristicof_coincidingwith+n4)表示地点范围的介词短语位于句首,谓语动词为系动词,一定引起倒装In…(表语)+系动词+主,主同._在倒装句型答案中不能出现there_常考介词要倒装:among between in at beneath常考的系动词:be lie e_ist remain rest部分倒装1．否定 adv 位于句首,引起倒装:notonly,notuntil,hardly,scarcely, seldom,rarely,nosooner…than1)notuntil+时间+主谓倒装,notuntil+句子+主谓倒装2)only+状语位于句首only+ad. eg:recentlyprep.短短语eg:inrecentlyyears从句eg:whenclauseonly一个词本身不倒装3)在比较级结构中,than后面可以倒装,也可以不倒装.部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前.如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前._Oslash;1) Neither, nor, so 表示前面句子的共同否定或者肯定,产生倒装,一般主动词提前,谓语动词的其他部分就4) as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前(形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前).as〔让步〕虽然,尽管〔词序倒装.语气比 though 强〕.Successful as he is, he is not proud. 他虽成功,却不骄傲.Women as she is, she’s everybrave.Try hard as he will, he never seemsable to do the work satisfactorily.注意:A) 句首名词不能带任何冠词.B) 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后.如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前.5) 其他部分倒装a) so… that 句型中的so; such… that句型中的such位于句首时,需倒装.So frightened washe that he did not dare to move an inch.b) 在某些表示祝愿的句型中:May you all be happy.c)在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were,had, should等词,可将if 省略,把 were, had, should 移到主语之前,采取部分倒装.Were I you, I would try it again.四.复合句从句可分为:_Oslash;名词性从句à 主语从句.宾语从句.表语从句.同位语从句_Oslash;形容词性从句à定语从句_Oslash;副词性从句à状语从句v常考的关系代词:that; which; who/whom/whose; where; when; what; as.v常见的同位语从句现行词(that之前的抽象名词):fact, idea,news, hope, conclusion, evidence, opinion, problem, thought, understanding…v常用的引导词时间状语从句:while; when; before; whenever; as; after; till; until; since; once; ever since; as/so long as; as soon as; no sooner…than; hardly… when; scarcely/barely… when; the moment/minute/instant; on (the point of) doing… 地点状语从句:where; wherever 原因状语从句:because; since; as; seeing that; considering that; now that; in that; for fear that; lest; owing to the fact that; because of the fact that; due to the fact that… 方式状语从句:as; as if; as though; how; save that… 比较状语从句:as; than; as… as; not so… as; hardly… than; 结果状语从句:so that; so… that; such…that; so as to… 条件状语从句:if; unless; in case; so long as; so far as; provided/providing/that; sup posing; granted/granting that…; giving that…. 让步状语从句:though; although; even if; even though; whether; as; however; no matter (what, how, when); for all that; in spite of the fact that; granted that; regardless of the fact that… 目的状语从句:that; so that; in ord er that; lest; for the fear that; in case…定语从句:which引导的定语从句结构1)which是关系代词,which后面应该加缺主语或者宾语的句子,在这个句子中,which要作成分,作主语或者宾语2)in which+完整的句子which在定语从句中作in的宾语,所以不能作后面句子的主语3)名词+of which+谓语动词of which来修饰名词,名词在定语从句中作主语,所以后面直接跟谓语动词I have five books three of which are borrowed from Mary.4)介词+ which +todo 其功能相当于定语从句.The key with which to open the door islost.5)定语从句的省略结构:1．如果that/which在定从中作宾语,可以省略.sub+vt+n+(which/that)+sub+vt→s+vt+n+s+vs+vt+n1+n2+vt_当做题时,若发现两个名词在一起,但是似乎连不上,则一定省略that/ which,则动词为vt,做谓语.6)定从的特殊省略theway(inwhich)+句子thereason(whythat)+句子均为完整句thetime(that/when)+句子Idorememberthefirsttime(that省)Ieverheardthesweetestvoiceintheworld. Bythetime省that+句子,句子.7)定从的主系省略(主+系可同时省)即:whichbe,whobe,thatbe可同时省状语从句省略结构这种省略从句主语的方式理论上需要满足以下两个条件:第一.特定的状语从句引导词:although though eventhough when while if as第二.从句主语和主句主语必须保持一致;第三.从句的谓语必须是be动词,主语和be动词同进同出,。
2023届高三英语一轮语法总复习专题1+名词课件
Part 2 基础练
五、名词所有格：
1.含义：表示名词的所属关系，通常翻译成“...的...”。 2.名词所有格的形式： （1）名词末尾加______’s______或______’______，多表示人或其他有生命的名词。 汤姆的玩具________T_o_m__’s__to_y__s_______ （2）介词______o_f_____加名词，多用来表示无生命的事物。 文章的标题____th_e__ti_t_le__o_f_t_h_e_p_a_s_s_a_g_e__ 山顶_t_h_e__to_p__o_f_t_h_e_m__o_u_n_t_a_i_n___ （3）“__a_/_tw__o_/s_o_m__e_._.._＋__名___词__＋__o_f_＋__名__词__'_s/_名__词__性___物__主__代__词__”构成双重所有格，“of ＋名词所有格”中的名词必须表示___人____，不能表示事物。
meat 肉
Part 2 基础练
（2）表抽象概念的不可数名词：
work 工作
knowledge 知识
scenery 风景
luck 运气
traffic 交通
Part 2 基础练
（3）永远不可数的重点名词：
advice 建议
equipment 设备
progress 进步
furniture 家具
news/word 消息
radio-____ra_d_i_o_s____ photo-____p_h_o_t_o_s___ [注意]有些以-o结尾的名词需要在词尾加_____-_e_s_____。
[口诀]黑人英雄爱 吃土豆和西红柿
Negro
hero
tomato
高考英语语法专题复习：非谓语动词讲义(不定式、动名词
高中英语语法专题复习03 非谓语动词（不定式、动名词&现在分词、过去分词）非谓语动词谓语动词在句子中有三种作用：1. 表示动作的时间，tense (时)2. 表示动作的状态，aspect (体)3. 表示动作的语气，mood (气)谓语动词的“时体气”，通过动词变位实现。
例如，The rabbit ate a carrot.The rabbit is eating a carrot.The rabbit has eaten a carrot.谓语动词在句子中受到主语的限制，随之出现了时态和人称的变化，成为一种被限定了的动词，所以也被称为限定性动词(finite verb)。
与之相对的，不受主语限制的动词，称为非限定性动词(non-finite verb)，也就是非谓语动词。
非谓语动词不具备表达时态和人称的作用。
例如，I like to eat carrot.I liked eating carrot.The rabbit likes minced carrot.非谓语动词有四种形式：1. 不定式 infinitive2. 动名词 gerund3. 现在分词 present participle4. 过去分词 past participle谓语动词是简单句的核心动词，非谓语动词只可能出现在其他的句子成分中。
1. 主语例：Swimming makes us hale and hearty.2. 宾语例：Janet suddenly stopped talking.3. 表语/主语补语例：Her wish is to become a doctor in the future.4. 宾语补语例：I invited him to come here.5. 定语例：Don't disturb the sleeping dog.6. 状语例：He went to the supermarket to buy a pen.不定式、动名词句子的核心动词只能由谓语动词充当，而非谓语动词可以充当句子的其他成分。
高考英语语法讲义
高考英语语法讲义
高考英语语法是考生必须要掌握的重要知识点。
下面是一份高考英语语法讲义，希望对你有所帮助。
英语中的时态分为一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等。
考生需要熟练掌握各种时态的形式和用法，并能够根据上下文合理地使用。
英语中的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。
考生需要熟悉各种时态的被动语态形式，并能够根据上下文合理地选择使用。
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
考生需要了解各种名词性从句的结构和用法，并能够准确判断从句类型。
倒装句主要分为完全倒装和部分倒装。
考生需要熟悉各种倒装句的形式和用法，并能够准确判断句子的语序。
常见的并列连词包括and, but, or, so等。
考生需要熟悉各种并列连词的用法，并能
够准确使用。
连词主要分为并列连词和从属连词。
考生需要熟悉各种连词的用法，并能够准确判断句子结构和语义关系。
介词和介词短语是英语中常见的短语结构。
考生需要熟悉各种介词和介词短语的用法，并能够准确判断句子结构和语义关系。
形容词和副词是修饰名词和动词的重要词类。
考生需要掌握各种形容词和副词的形式和用法，并能够准确地运用它们。
以上是一些常见的高考英语语法知识点，考生需要在备考过程中认真学习和掌握，并通过大量的练习来提高语法应用能力。
祝你在高考中取得优异成绩！。
高考英语语法复习讲义：语法总结全集
语法总结全集名词和主谓一致一、名词的分类英语中名词主要可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
1．可数名词可数名词一般都有单复数。
单数时，名词前可加不定冠词a/an；复数时，前面可加数词，名词本身要改成复数形式。
可数名词的复数有规则和不规则两种变化。
规则的名词，只要在单数名词之后加“s”，“es”或去“y”加“ies”就行，如：an umbrella, twelve umbrellas；a factory, three factories。
不规则的名词变化则要靠积累记忆，如：a mouse, ten mice；a policeman, six policemen。
有少数可数名词，如sheep，works（工厂），Chinese等，它们的单复数同形：a sheep, four sheep；a chemical works, five chemical works。
此外，还有一些可数名词只有复数形式，如clothes，trousers，cattle，police，people(人，人民)等。
英语名词中还有一些合成词，它们的复数形式有三种可能：1）后面的部分变成复数形式：grown-ups，boy students，grandchildren。
2）前面的部分变成复数形式：passers-by，lookers-on，sons-in-law。
3）前、后都变成复数形式：men doctors，women drivers。
2．不可数名词不可数名词没有单复数的变化，前面也不能加a/an，或数词。
但是我们可以用量词来表示不可数名词的数量，单复数表现在量词上，如：a piece of paper；two pieces of paper。
在有些情况下，不可数名词也可用a/an，表“一种”、“某种”的意思，如have a wonderful time，receive a good education，be made into a fine paper。
高三英语语法复习资料[全套]
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高三英语语法复习资料名词篇纵观高考试题，试题中出现的考点主要有：名词的复数形式；不可数名词的辨认；抽象名词转换成普通名词的名词一体词；名词作定语；双重所有格；名词前多个形容词排列。
一、名词可数与不可数及修饰词：常考的抽象名词有：advice, chalk, furniture, patience, paper, clothing, fun, power, work, oil, jewelery, homework, sugar, information, salt, knowledge, luck, weather, progress, news (word), money注意：another不能修饰不可数名词，可说another book，不可说another news。
二、复合名词的复数形式因词而异：1. a man driver (men drivers) a woman doctor ( women doctors)2. a film-goer (film-goers) 电影爱好者3. a looker-on (lookers-on) 旁观者passers-by4. a grown-up (grown-ups) 成年人三、部分名词的复数形式表示特殊意义：goods, looks（表情、外貌）, times, interests, works, glasses, hairs（头发）, drinks（饮料）, manners, papers, greens （青菜、蔬菜）, irons（熨斗）, forces（军队）, sands（沙滩）, arms, airs（做作的样子、架子）→put on airse.g. 1. His mother wants to buy some greens in the market. She is dressed in green.2. Her grandfather can not read without glasses.In fact her necklace was made of glass.3. Wood can be made into paper.It’s polite for the students to help the teacher collect or hand out papers.4. It takes a lot of work to build a house.A new chemical works will be set up here.5. The city is in great need of our goods. How good of you to come and help us!6. Put down your arms, or we’ll fire. She carried a box under her arm.7. What does this French word mean?Only by this means can we learn English well.8. Don’t put on airs before us. He likes going out for fresh air.9. She takes no interest in politics.We should not live only for our own interests.四、几个容易误用的名词的单复数：1. 单复数相同：sheep, deer, fish, Chinese, Japanese, means, works2. 只有复数：cattle, people3. 常以复数形式出现：trousers, glasses, thanks, clothes, remains（遗物）, contents, goods, congratulations, means, sports, preparations（准备）, tears, repairs, regards, games（运动会）4. 以s结尾的学科或专有名词常作单数：politics, maths, physics, the United States, The United Nations五、几组易错名词的用法：1. many a + 单数名词= many + 复数名词2. 集合名词：family, team, audience, enemy, public, group, class, government, company, police, party作主语时，若看作一个整体时，谓语动词用单数；若表示组成分子，则用复数。
高三英语语法基础知识归纳梳理
充当从句的状语成分，有词义
exercises
• 1. I can’t decide __________w__hidcihctionary I should buy.
• 2in.vTithaatti’ons.______w_h__y___ he refused my • 3. I am very interested in ____________ he
① He is very busy now. If he _____ bferee, he _g_o___ with us.
② He’s been away since last Sunday. If he
had been here yesterday, he ______
the lecture.
attend
③ If I were you, I’d (I should/would) plant
some trees around the house.
④ We forgot his telephone number. If we ________ it, we would have given him a ring.
• 无头无尾 ；有头有尾
I used to live in the country. I am/get used to living in the country / the country
life.
• 两 “多” 两 “少”
He had SO few friends there that he felt extremely lonely. ( many, much, few, little )
2023届高考英语重点语法总结复习讲义
高三重点语法总结复习1.the same...that... 和...一样We don’t have the samework hours that office workers in the city office have.2.so+adj/adv+that; such+n+that;如此...以至于〔结果状从〕The newlybuilt stadium is so big that it can hold all the teachers and students in our school.倒装变式;So big is the newlybuilt stadium that it can hold all the teachers and students.3.so that以便...,目的是...〔缘由状从〕I read more books so that I can catch up with my classmates.4.be doing ...when正在做某事...突然She was walking along the bank of the river when she heard a cry for help.5.with/make /leave+宾语+宾补With the current world conditions forcing us to stay longer indoors,you’ve likely tried to pick up a new skill.We should take effective measures to ptotect our planet,making it a more beautiful place.6.when/while/if/as+adj/非谓语〔状语从句的省略：当从句的主语和主句的主语全都或从句的主语为it时，且从句的谓语动词含有be动词时，可以把从句中的主语和be动词一起省去〕While+doing; if possible/necessary; as planned/shecduled/arrangedTwo years later.the worker was caught in Italy when trying to selling the painting.7.祈使句+and+陈述句;表示承接8 祈使句+or+陈述句；表示转折Give me a challenge,and I’ll meet it with joy.Please e here,and you will interested in papercuting.8.It is said that=Sb/Sth is said to do 〔据说句型，从句和不定式的相互转化〕On this day,the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest.On this day,it is said that the moon is biggest and brightest.9.be+adj+to dois easy to do;is hard to doAlthough the work was not easy to do,we felt happy and satisfied.10.表示方位的介词短语或表示时间，地点，方位的副词放于句首时，句子要半倒装常见的有：among;then ;inUnder the big tree was sitting an old farmer.11.常见的主语从句的四种类型：It is +adj+thatIt is +过去分词+thatIt is +名词短语+thatIt is +不及物动词〔happen,occur,appear,seem...〕+thatIt is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the internet.12.I t+现在完成时+since+一般过去时；“自从...已经有多长时间了〞It has been two weeks since you went back home.13.n ot..until“知道...才〞Not until I received your last letter did I learn your keen interest in Chinese culture. 14.w hether...or“无论是...还是〞If he is out there every day and playing hard,you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses.15.否认词+比拟级“表示最高级〞Nothing is more difficult than that.16.c an not/never/hardly be too +adjcan not/never/hardly be adj+enough “再...也不为过〞You can never be too careful when you cross the road.17.I t is/was...who/that...强调句.I know it is one of chinese traditional art formspapercutting that you are interested in.So I invite you to attend an exhibition of it.The more you know about papercutting,the better you will love it.18.t hat引导的同位语结构某些抽象名词后，如：fact,hope,idea,news,belief，sign等后，常跟that引导的同位语从句There is no doubt that you are supposed to know about the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance.There are no signs that Tom was a rich man.19.b e of +adj+n=be of +adjbe of great value=be valuable; be of great help=be helpfulbe of great significance=be significant; be of great benefit=be beneficialI do hope these suggestions above will be of some help to you.20.a s long as“只要；引导条件状语从句〞This proves that as long as we have a strong will ,we’ll be able to get over any difficulty.21.h ave a difficult 〔in〕doing sth“有一段困难的时间〞I had a difficult time 〔in〕adjusting to the learning environment when I first entered the new school.22.t he last time“上次〞引导时间状语从句，不和when连用I still remember you showed me some photos on that theme the last time you visited our school.23.t hat’s why“那就是为什么...〞that’s because“那是由于〞That’s why I think the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice.Form the space,the earth looks blue. This is because about sevenone percent of its surface is covered by water.24.T he reason why...is that...“...的缘由是...〞The reason why I show respect for her is that she never loss temper instead always encourage me.25.t he +比拟级，the+比拟级“越...越〞The more you give,the more you will get.〔付出越多，收获越多〕26.t he moment“一...就〞引导时间状语从句Generally speaking,we are busy reviewing and preparing for the College EntranceExamination the moment we enter senior three.27.n ot...but...“不是...而是〞V oters sometimes feel annoyed,not because they hate voting,but because they don’t like being forced to do so.28.I t’s high time that sb +一般过去时/should +动词原形“到了该做某事的时间了〞It/This/That is/was the+序数词time that sb+现在完成时/过去完成时某人第几次做某事It’s high time that we devoted /should devote ourselves to environmental protection and ecological improvement.It’s the second time that I have been to Shanghai.29.s o所引导的倒装句：so+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语Tom likes to keep pets and so does his wife.〔汤姆喜爱养宠物，他妻子也一样〕30.g et+过去分词31.N o sooner +过去完成时+thanhardly+过去完成时+when“一...就〞No sooner had Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.32.m ake用法make sb do sth让某人做某事;sb be made to do sth被人被要求做某事make it +adjmake oneself doneThe boss made the worker do the work all day.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,not to make it more convinent. She managed to make herself understood in English.。
高三英语语法知识点讲义
高三英语语法知识点讲义一、名词名词是指表示人、事、物、地点、抽象概念等的名称。
在句子中可以作主语、宾语等成分。
1. 可数名词可数名词可以有单数和复数形式，可以用a/an表示单数形式，用数词表示复数形式。
例句：- There is a book on the table.（桌子上有一本书。
）- I have three cats.（我有三只猫。
）2. 不可数名词不可数名词不能用复数形式表示，通常表示物质、抽象概念等。
例句：- I need some advice.（我需要一些建议。
）- Can I have some water, please?（请给我一些水。
）3. 名词所有格名词所有格表示某人或某物的归属关系，通常在名词后加's。
例句：- This is Mary's pencil.（这是玛丽的铅笔。
）- The dog's tail is wagging.（狗摇晃着尾巴。
）二、代词代词是用来代替名词的词语，可以用来指示人或物、表示归属关系、指示时间、表示特殊疑问等。
1. 人称代词人称代词用来代替确定的人或人群。
例句：- I am happy. She is my friend.（我很开心。
她是我的朋友。
）2. 物主代词物主代词用来表示某人或某物的归属关系。
例句：- This is mine.（这是我的。
）- Is this book yours?（这本书是你的吗？）3. 指示代词指示代词用来指示距离说话者和听话者的位置或物体。
例句：- This is my pen. That is your pen.（这是我的钢笔。
那是你的钢笔。
）4. 疑问代词疑问代词用来提问特定的内容。
例句：- What is your name?（你叫什么名字？）- Which book do you want to read?（你想读哪本书？）三、形容词和副词形容词用来描述名词的特征，副词用来描述动词、形容词或其他副词的程度、方式等。
超实用高三英语一轮复习语法讲解(动名词)及练习讲义
高三英语语法讲解及练习动名词第一部分知识透析第一节动名词的基本形式主动被动1. 一般式(not) doing(not) being done（常用来泛指一个动作，没有特别的时间意义，有时也可以表示在谓语动词之前或之后发生的动作）Swimming is her favorite sport.Learning to use electronic products is necessary in modern society.I remembered sending him an e-mail last week.He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday.I can’t stand being kept waiting.His not coming made everyone very disappointed.2. 完成式(not) having done(not) having been done（动名词的动作在谓语动词的动作之前发生）1 really regretted having missed such a wonderful musical.He denied having cheated in the exam.I heard of his having been chosen to be the coach of the team.I remember not having returned the book to the library.第二节动名词的用法1. 动名词作主语/表语动名词作主语/表语表示泛指的经常性的事情Collecting information is very important to businessmen.My hobby is collecting stamps.One of my bad habits is biting nails.2. 动名词作宾语1)一些动词后面只能跟动名词作宾语，如：ban consider delay deny escapefeel like finish forbid involve appreciatekeep practise recommend quit suggestadmit permit avoid enjoy mentionimagine include mind miss resistRisk prohibit allow advise encouragedislike forgive advocate postpone fancyHe denied having been there.We enjoy walking along the Bund.Don’t risk going to the forest alone.The old should avoid eating oily food.注意：allow, advise，encourage，forbid, permit，recommend 后接动名词作宾语，接不定式作补语。
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高三英语语法专题复习讲义资料整理一、名词【要点点拨】一. 可数名词的复数构成规则:1.规则变化:加-s, -es; 辅音字母加y结尾的去y加ies;把f/ fe变成ves;(1)keys , three Henrys; stomachs; safes; beliefs; proofs; roofs; gulfs; chiefs; heroes; potatoes; tomatoes; Negroes; dingoes A(2) 缩写,数字,字母等在后面加s或’s都可,如: some VIPs (VIP’s); in his 50s / 50’s; in the 1990s / 1990’s; There are two t’s in the word ―letter‖.2.不规则变化:(1) men , children , feet, teeth, geese, mice; oxen等;(2) 单复数形式相同:sheep; deer; fish; means; works(工厂); Chinese; Japanese; Swiss; (teas, fruits, fishes, metals等表示种类);(3)只有复数形式:trousers, glasses(眼镜);remains(遗体/物);clothes; ashes; contents(目录); goods; customs(海关); arms(武器);(4)复合名词的复数形式: shoe shops; lookers-on; grown-ups; passers-by; daughters-in-law(5)表示某国人的复数形式:A:单复一样:Chinese / Japanese) B: 把man变成men : Englishmen; Frenchmen; C:其它加s (包括Germans)一、不可数名词1.量的表示：用some / a little / much等表示数量的词（组）及单位名词（量词），用得较多的有piece, article, bottle, head, loaf, bar等：a piece of advice / bread / news / information / equipment / chalk / cloth / clothing / music / work / furniture / paper / wood / baggage; a loaf of bread; a bar of chocolate ; two head of cattle2.不可数名词具体化：These games are great successes; The partywas a great success.二、名词的所有格：1.表示有生命的名词后加’s, 如一样东西为几人共有，则在最后一个名词后加’s: Jack and Tom’s room(两人共有的房间); Jack’s and Tom’s rooms（两人各自的房间）；表示无生命的名词的所有格用of表示：the windows of the room;(但表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体、机构等无生命的名词后也可加’s: China’s industry; today’s paper; ten minutes’walk)2.表示―某人家里‖―某店铺‖等的名词所有格后省略所修饰的名词：at my aunt’s (house); at the doctor’s (office); go to the chemist’s (shop);3.双重所有格：a / an / this / that / these / those / some / any / a few / no / every / several / such / another / which 等+名词+of +…..’s / 名词性物主代词（表示―部分‖的概念或表示某种感情色彩，如：赞赏、讨厌等）；比较：friend of her mother’s她母亲的一个朋友（强调她母亲的朋友中a friend of her mother她母亲的朋友（强调两人间的关系，为of所有格）他弟弟的所拥有的照片中的一张，照片上)a picture of his brother（他弟弟本人的一张照片，照片上就是他本人）三、名词作定语修饰名词：前一个名词表示后一个名词的特点、性质及用途；(1)一般前面的名词用单数形式，复数加在后面主体名词上：shoe shop(s); story book(s); coffee cup(s); physics teacher(s); 个别名词修饰另外一个名词用复数形式：sales manager; sports meet; 由man / woman与另一个名词构成复合名词两者都变复数：men/ women doctors;(2)比较名词作定语及形容词作定语的不同意义：a dust bag ( a bag for dust) 装灰尘的袋子/ a dusty bag布满灰尘的袋子 a chemical change化学变化(具有化学性质的变化)/ a chemistry teacher( a teacher of chemistry)一个化学老师a gold watch 一只金表(表材质)/ a golden watch一只金黄色的表五.英语中‖很多‖的表达: :quite a few / a great many (of) / many / a (large / small) number of 只修饰不可数名词: a great deal of / a great amount of ( great amounts of)既可修饰可数也可修饰不可数名词:plenty of / a lot of ( lots of ) / a (large) quantity of / large quantities of【各个击破】1.No regular advertiser dare produce anything that fails to stick to the _____of his advertisement.A. standardB. levelC. messageD. promise2.-----What do you think of his composition?------Much better, but there’s still some ______for improvement.A. spaceB. roomC. areaD. place3. Sometimes doctors make higher ______ for their work than they should.A. billsB. chargesC. costsD. prices4. The ______of a big snake made her frightened, so she sat therestill.A. sightB. lookC. viewD. scene5.No ______ she fell ill, considering that she had been overworkingfor years.A. problemB. wayC. wonderD. matter6. -----How is it that you lost your way?------When I came to the crossroads, I went the wrong ________.A. wayB. directionC. distanceD. path7. Little Tom asked me for small _________ for his _________piece,so I gave him ________.A. change; ten pennies; ten penceB. changes; ten pennies; ten penceC. change; ten pence; ten penniesD. changes; ten pence; ten pennies8. Will you please tell me _______you are talking about?A. which Zhang Yimou’s filmB. which film of Zhang YimouC. which film of Zhang Yimou’sD. zhang Yimou’s which film9. The baby broke a _______which is made of _____just now.A. tea cup; glassB. cup of tea; glassC. tea’s cup; glassesD. tea cup; glasses10. Look, Mother has just bought three _______ and _______.A. fruit; lots of vegetablesB. fruits; a number of vegetablesC. fruit; a great many of the vegetablesD. fruits; a great amount of vegetables11. If you get the job you’ll have to make business ______every nowand then.A. journeysB. tripsC. travelsD. voyages12. I listened to his lecture about biology , but I missed the key______.A. messagesB. senseC. notesD. points13. He is always full of ______as though he never knew tiredness.A. strengthB. forceC. powerD. energy14.There has been a great _______ in the number of cars in our city in the past five years.A. increaseB. improvementC. resultD. effect15. I don’t think it’s my ______ that the TV doesn’t work. I just turned it off.A. mistakeB. faultC. dutyD. error16. ---- What’s the ______ of this pair of shoes?---- 500 yuan.---- Oh, it’s really too expensive.---- But it’s comfortable, so I think it’s good _______ for money.A. cost; valueB. price; valueC. price; costD. cost; price17. How did you like the ________of the interpreter(口译员)at the conference on TV?A. performanceB. achievementC. materialD. words18.She is not in good _______for such heavy work.A. stateB. conditionC. positionD. situation19.It’s bad _______ for a man to smoke in public places where smoking is not allowed.A. mannersB. actionC. movementD. manner20. Johnson is an honest businessman. Our company and his has had a lot of _______ in the past few years.A. agreementsB. salesC. dealsD. bargains二主谓一致【要点点拨】英语句子中谓语动词的数必须与主语的人称和数取得一致，这就叫做主谓一致。