(完整版)中考复习+形容词+副词

形容词、副词

复习目标

1.掌握形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成，并能正确使用。

2掌握各种类型的形容词、副词在句中的用法。

知识要点

一、形容词、副词的构成：

【典型考点】：

1. The old man lives (独自) but he never feels (孤独).

2. The plane arrived at the airport (安全).

3. He opened his mouth (张大地)and looked at us in surprise.

4. If we don’t protect the animals, we will be(able) to see them in the future.

5. Please take good care of the books (borrow) from the library.

6. I find it （激动）to see a football match.

【归纳总结】：

1．一般在名词后加上“”或“”构成形容词,表示“……的”；在形容词后加上“”构成副词，表示“……地/得”。例如：

luck- - ; noise- - ; health- -

peace- - ; hope-- ; success- -

正确拼写下列形容词：

慷慨的，严重的，各种各样的，紧张的，幽默的

残疾的，令人愉快的，自然的，西方的

2．考点分析：

(1)少数词虽以“ly”结尾其实是形容词，如：、、、等。

(2)有些词后加“ly”要去“e”，如：gentle- ；possible- ；

comfortable- ；terrible- ; probable- ；true- ；

其它直接加“ly”:polite- ;wide- ;safe- ;close-

(3)有些词既可用作形容词又可用作副词，有时意义不同，要注意区别，如：

straight, early, well, hard/hardly, high/highly, close/closely等。

(4)大多数形容词加前缀“un”或名词加后缀“less”可构成反义词，如：

important- popular- comfortable- usual- ;

meaning- use- hope- care- end- ;

patient- active- possible- correct- ;

honest- ;regular- .

(5) 过去分词和现在分词作形容词的区别：

spoken English; a used computer; developed countries; an article written by the girl;

English-speaking countries; developing countries; living areas; the man standing there.

过去分词作定语表示动作“”，现在分词作定语表示动作“”。

(6)以“ed”和“ing”结尾的词意义有别：一般以“-ed”结尾的词用来形容“人”的心情；以“-ing”结尾的词用来形

容“一件东西或事情”，类似的词有：

excited/ exciting, surprised/ surprising, amazed /amazing ,interested/ interesting, relaxed/relaxing, bored/boring, frightened/frightening等。

二、形容词、副词在句中的位置及作用：

【典型考点】：

( ) 1.Some people eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what nice.

A. feels

B. looks

C. smells

D. tastes

( ) 2. What he said made me very .

A. happily

B. cry

C. angrily

D. angry

( ) 3. Lucy, you are not to get back to s chool. You’d better stay home for another day or two.

A. good enough

B. well enough

C. so well

D. so good

( ) 4. Mr Smith is angry with Jack because he studies than any other student in his class.

A. less carefully

B. less careful

C. more careful

D. more carefully

( ) 5. The population of Changzhou is (少)than that of Shanghai.

A. less

B. fewer

C. smaller

D. larger

【归纳总结】：

1．形容词：

（1）在联系动词后作表语：

看上去很着急；听起来很美；尝起来很可口；

闻起来很香；感到昏昏欲睡；变得生气；

保持健康；睡着；迷路；

变暖；变绿。

（2）在名词前作定语：personal information；What bad weather!

在疑问代词、疑问副词和不定代词之后：what else; where else; something interesting

（3）作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语怎样：make me happy, keep your eyes closed.

（4）与定冠词连用表示一类人：the young, the old, the rich, the poor, the disabled等。

2．副词一般作状语：

（1）在动词前后：try to do things differently, laugh happily, easily work it out.

（2）在句首：(luck), I missed the early bus.

（3）在形容词前：feel truly sorry, seem terribly ill, much too hot, rather difficult等。但：large enough。3．注意：

（1）有些形容词只能作表语用在联系动词后而不能后跟名词，如：afraid, awake ,alive, alone, ill等。生病的孩子a sick child, 一个孤独的老人a lonely old man, 生物living things。

（2）有些词既是联系动词又可作行为动词，如：look angry, look angrily at him。

（3）固定搭配：人口多/少 a / population，以高/低价at a / price;

一场大雨a rain; 刮大风blow /hard; 声音大noise。

【实战演练】：

1. He is a (诚实)boy. That’s why he has few friends.

2. I (可能) won’t go with you.

3. This is such a (愉快的)trip that I will never forget it.

4. The teacher was very (please)with our performance in the match.

5. Of all the girls, she makes the (少)mistakes.

6. My mother spent (少)money on that suit among them.

7. There’s something wrong with my CD player. I will have it (repair).

8. We all shouted (激动)when hearing the good news.

9. How beautiful the music (听)!

10. ----You bought that computer, didn’t you? ----No, I can’t afford it. The price is a bit (贵), I think.

三、形容词或副词的比较级、最高级：

【典型考点】：

1. We hope the weather will be fine, but it is getting even (bad).

2. Who jumped (far) in the long jump in this sports meeting?

3. This ruler is short. Please give me a (long) one.

4. This apple is the (red)of the two.

5. Can you cook (taste) food than your mother?

6. My mother is the (busy) in our family.

7. If you see the doctor at once, you’ll get a little _____________(good) later on.

8. Hainan is a very large island. It’s the second ____________ (large) island in China.

【归纳总结】：

1．规则变化：(1) ：abler, safer, weaker, cleverer/more clever, shyer/shier；

(2)多音节词和少数双音节词前加more或most：more tired, more friendly；

(3) ：cloudier, sunnier, healthier, drier, busier；

(4) ：wetter, thinner, fatter, sadder, redder等。

2．不规则变化：little ；many/much ；

well/good ；ill/bad/badly ；

far(距离上) ；(程度上) ；

old（年纪大）；（年长的）；

3．注意：在等程度副词后常跟比较级：much healthier, even worse；两者中“较……”

用：I’d like the bigger one of the two cakes.

【实战演练】：

（）1. Daniel is a careful driver, but he drives _______ of my friends.

A. more carefully

B. the most carefully

C. less carefully

D. the least carefully

（）2. Mrs King kept weighing herself to see how much________she was getting.

A. heavy

B. heavier

C. the heavier

D. the heaviest

（）3. ---How are you today, Bob?---I'm even__now. I don't think the medicine is good for me.