(建议下载)英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习

at the party last night. sometimes.
（二）
1、At last he carried
to the bank. She was saved!
2、… I patiently walked to the library, took my seat and did some deep
百度文库爱是看得见萨科技的沃尔克我去额咳咳，省得麻烦迫切为泡温泉，六十多麻烦了看到什么奶
语法填空解题技巧
1．纯空格试题 ( 无括号提示 )
(1) 缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词 ( 多考代词 ) ；
(2) 名词前面，若没有限定词，一般填冠词、形容词性物主代
词或 some, any, other, another 等限定词；
4. 词义转换题， 主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词， 需
根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加 un—, im —等，在词
根后加— less 等。
一、代词 (语法填空中缺乏主语或宾语时，填代词 )
人 主格
称
宾格
形容词性物 名词性物
主代词
主代词
反身代词
第百一度文库I 爱是看得见萨科m技e的沃尔克我去m额y咳咳，省得麻烦m迫i切ne为泡温泉，六m十y多se麻lf烦了看到什么奶
倒装的助动词 (do, does, did 等) ；
(7) 在冠词后，一定是名词或 one(s), other(s) 等代词。
2. 给出了动词的试题，
（ 1）看有没有固定搭配、位于介词之后、词性转换等。
（ 2）判断是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。
a. 若句中没有别的谓语动词，所给动词就是谓语动词；
b. 若句中已有谓语动词， 又不是并列谓语时， 所给动词就是非
We elected him monitor.
We will make them happy.
I ’ ll have my bike repaired.
2）．主补：对主语的补充。
He was elected monitor.
She was found singing in the next room.
breathing to help relax_________.
3、 The little boy pulled__________ right hand out of the pocket and
studied a number of coins in it.
4、the driver did
best to help and even stopped once to
13. I have many friends. Some of ________are good at English.
14. We can ’ t find our shoes. Can you help ___________?
15. We enjoyed 16. You should relax
？
7. These are your books，Kate. Put __________ in the des，k please.
8. They want a football. Give __________ the green on，e please.
9._____ is a boy. _____ name is Mike. Mike's friends like _____ very
英语句子成分
1． 主语 （subject）: 句子说明的人或事物， 是句子叙述的主体，可由名词、代词、数词、
名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词和主语从句等来承担。
The sun rises in the east.
（名词）
He likes dancing.
（代词）
Twenty years is a short time in history. 数( 词 )
们自己
人称代词，物主代词，反身代词练习：
（一）
1. Your clothes are on the desk.Please put _________ away.
2. _________ English teacher is Mrs. Green. We all like
_.
3. _________ can't get my kite.Could you help _________?
谓语动词。
ing若形是式谓、动—词e，d就形要式考，虑还时是态用语不态定；式是形非式谓语. 动词就要确定用—
3. 式：
词类转换题，根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形
(1) 作表语、定语或补语，用形容词形式；
(2) 作主语或宾语，用名词形式；
(3) 冠词或形容词性物主代词后，用名词形式；
(4) 作状语，用副词形式。
He studies hard to learn English well. He didn ’ t study hard so that he failed in the exam. I like some of you very much. If you study hard, you will pass the exam. He goes to school by bike. Though he is young, he can do it well.
She makes her mother angr．y 6. There be 句型 There are 60 students in our class. There are 5 people in my family.
练习：划分以下句子成分并判断是什么句型。 1. 百O度ur文s库c爱ho是o看l i得s见n萨ot科fa技r的fr沃o尔m克m我y去h额o咳m咳e，. 省得麻烦迫切为泡温泉，六十多麻烦了看到什么奶 2. All of us considered him honest.
简单句的五个基本句型
1. 主语＋谓语 (不及物动词 vi) She came． My head aches.
2. 主语＋谓语（及物动词 vt） ＋宾语 She likes English.
3. 主语＋系动词 ＋表语 She is happy． 4. 主语＋谓语＋间接宾语 ＋直接宾语
She gave John a boo．k 5. 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补
Seeing is believing.
（动名词）
To see is to believe.
（不定式）
What he needs is a book.（主语从句） 2．谓语 （predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We study English.
He is asleep.
3．表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状 态和特征。
3. My grandfather bought me a new computer. 4. I feel better now. 5. Tees turn green when spring comes. 6. They pushed the door open. 7. He will come here tomorrow. 8. Grandma told me an interesting story last night. 9. He asked us to sing an English song. 10. We will make our school more beautiful. 11. The food goes bad now. 12. He seems sad. 13. My brothers are doctors. 14. They don’t know what to say. 15. You should study hard. 16. There are many things to do.
他
他
他的
他的
他自己
she
her
她
她
第三
it
it
人称
它
它
her 她的 its 它的
hers 她的 its 它的
herself 她自己 itself 它自己
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
他（她， 他 （ 她 ， 他（她，它） 他（她，它） 他（她，它）
它）们 它）们 们的
们的
5）变化系动词： become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run“变得”
6）终止系动词： prove, turn out, "证实 "
4．宾语 ：1）动作的承受者 ----- 动宾
I like China.
He hates you.
I enjoy working with you.
4. Tom can't get down from the tree. Can you help _________?
5. 百H度er文k库ite爱是is看b得ro见k萨en科.技C的a沃n 尔yo克u我m去e额n咳d咳(修，理省得) 麻烦迫切为泡温泉?，六十多麻烦了看到什么奶
6. We can't find our bikes. Can you help
(3) 在句子不缺主语、宾语或表语的情况下，名词或代词前面，
一定是填介词；
(4) 若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词；
号或(5句) 若号两，句一定( 一是个填主连谓词关；系算一个句子 ) 之间没有连词， 也没有分
(6) 若结构较完整， 空格后的谓语动词是原形， 特别是与上下文
时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或
2） 介词后的名词、代词和动名词 ----- 介宾
Are you afraid of the snake?
3） 双宾语 -----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）
He gave me a book yesterday.
My father told me a story.
5. 补语
1）宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。
6．定语 ：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。
He is a chemistry teacher. He is our friend.
7. 状语 ：用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或者句子。表示时间、 地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。
I will go there tomorrow.
Th百e度m文e库et爱in是g看w得il见l b萨e科h技e的ld沃in尔t克h我e 去m额e咳et咳in，g省ro得o麻m烦. 迫切为泡温泉，六十多麻烦了看到什么奶 The meat went bad because of the hot weather.
常见的系动词有 :
1）状态系动词： be (am is are was were…)
2）持续系动词： keep, rest, remain, stay, stand“,保持 ”
3）百表度文像库系爱动是看词得：见萨科se技e的m沃,尔a克pp我e去a额r, 咳lo咳o，k.省. 看"得麻起烦来迫像切为"泡温泉，六十多麻烦了看到什么奶 4）感官系动词： feel, smell, sound, taste,
He is a teacher. The cake tastes delicious.
He looks tired.
ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
He became mad after that.
系动词 亦称联系动词（ Link Verb ），作为系动词，它本身有词义，
但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，构成系表结构说明主语
的状况、性质、特征等情况。
人称 我
我
我的
我的
我自己
we 我们
us 我们
our 我们的
ours 我们的
ourselves 我们自己
you
you
第二 你
你
your 你的
yours 你的
yourself 你自己
人称 you 你们
you 你们
your 你们的
yours 你们的
yourselves 你们自己
he
him
his
his
himself
much.
10. My father and mother are teachers. _____ are busy.
11.John and I are in the same school. ________go to school together.
12. She is a friend of ________ . We knew each other two years ago.