现在分词作状语67771
现在分词作状语有几种形式有用课件
独立式现在分词作状语
总结词
强调动作的独立性和完整性
详细描述
独立式现在分词作状语时，通常强调动作的独立性和完整性。例如，在句子“Sitting at the table, he started to read his book.”中，“Sitting at the table”是独立式现在分词作状语，强调了他坐 在桌子旁开始读书的动作独立于主句，且具有完整性。
动词不定式作状语
总结词
表达目的、原因等意义，增强句子丰富性
详细描述
动词不定式作状语时，通常表示目的、原因等意义，增强了句子的丰富性。例如 ，在句子“To pass the exam, she spent all night studying.”中，“To pass the exam”是动词不定式作状语，表示她花费一整晚学习是为了通过考试。
要点二
结果
使用现在分词作状语可以表达某个事件或动作发生后的结 果。例如，“他讲了一个笑话，大家都笑了起来。”
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现在分词作状语与其它结 构区别
与独立主格结构区别
独立主格结构
不能单独使用，需要与主句共用一个主语， 常用于描述伴随状况或补充说明。
现在分词作状语
可以单独使用，表达的动作与主句的主语一 致，通常用于描述原因、方式或伴随状况。
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现在分词作状语的有用性
表达时间关系
时间名词
使用现在分词作状语可以更清晰地表达某个事件或动作发生 的时间点或时间段。例如，“正在跑步的时候，突然下起了 雨。”
描述先后顺序
使用现在分词作状语可以描述两个或多个事件或动作之间的 先后顺序关系。例如，“完成作业后，我开始准备晚餐。”
描述伴随状况
伴随状况
现在分词作状语(公开课课件)
对于汉语作为第二语言的学习者来说，掌握现在分词作 状语的用法对于提高语言表达的准确性和流利度具有重 要意义。
课程目的
01 知识目标
使学习者了解现在分词作状语的基本概念、用法 和特点。
02 能力目标
通过讲解和练习，使学习者能够正确运用现在分 词作状语，提高语言表达水平。
03 情感目标
培养学习者对汉语语法的兴趣，增强学习汉语的 自信心。
让步状语
表示让步，常用现在分词的一般式。例如
Although raining heavily, they still went out. (尽管雨下得很大，他们还是出去了。)
表示转折的让步，常用现在分词的完成式。例如
Having failed many times, he didn't lose heart. (尽管失败了很多次，他并没有丧失 信心。)
作表语
现在分词作表语时，通常放在系动词 后面，表示主语的特征或状态。如：
The film is very moving.（表语）
作定语
现在分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰 的名词前面，表示主动和进行。如： The rising sun is very beautiful. （定语）
作补足语
现在分词作补足语时，通常放在感官 动词或使役动词后面，表示主动和进 行。如：I heard someone singing in the next room.（补足语）
Given more time, we could have done it better. 如果给我们更多的时 间，我们可以做得更好。
实例三：原因状语
Being ill, he didn't go to school. 他因为生病，所以没有去 上学。
现在分词做状语的作用
现在分词做状语的作用
现在分词作为状语，有助于表达句子的意思，use 用于表示动作发生的时间、频率、条件或伴随状态。
因此，现在分词可用于以下类型的句子：
一、表示正在进行的动作
例如：He is running along the street. 他正在街上跑步。
二、表示现阶段的行为
三、表示经常重复的行为
例如：She is always challenging herself. 她总是在挑战自我。
四、表示另一动作正在同一时间发生
例如：My mother is cooking dinner while I am doing my homework. 我妈妈正在做饭，而我正在做作业。
五、表示实际发生的动作
例如：After opening the gate, he ran into the garden. 他开了门后，冲进花园去了。
六、表示固定的时间间隔
例如：She is going to the gym twice a week. 她每周去健身房两次。
七、用来表示预期的动作
现在分词作为状语的使用，有助于表达句子的在深度和宽度方面的扩展，融进和表现细腻的情感和心理活动，使句子表达的更加准确。
同时，现在分词作为状语也常常应用动词not去表示情感突变，使句子更加生动、逼真。
现在分词作状语的用法
现在分词作状语的用法推荐文章分词作状语用法知识点详解和辨析_分词作状语用法知识点热度：有哪些用于现在完成时的时间状语热度：现在分词作状语小结热度：分词作状语结构讲解热度：形容词及分词作状语知识点详解热度：现在分词作状语的用法现在分词作状语：①现在分词doing所代表的动作或状态与谓语动词是同时或几乎是同时发生的，可以作时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步、伴随等状语。
分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
如：Rushing out of the house, he was knocked down by a car.他一冲出屋子就被一辆车撞倒了。
My cousin went to Shenzhen, hoping to find a job there.我表兄去深圳了，希望在那儿找份工作。
The child fell，striking his head against the door.小孩摔了一跤，头在门上碰了一下。
In the last few years, the country has had a hard time, suffering several killer quakes. 过去几年里，这个国家经历了艰难的时期，遭受了几次致命的地震。
Being spring, the flowers are in full bloom.因为是春天，所以花都盛开着。
②有些分词作状语，没有逻辑上的主语，已成为习惯用法：considering, judging from, talking of, allowing for(考虑到), generally/frankly/honestly/roughly/strictly speaking, assuming that(假设)等。
如：Talking of this film, it’s wonderful.说到这部电影，好极了。
Assuming that it is true, what should we do now?假定那是真的, 我们现在该怎麽办?Judging by the dir ection of the wind, it won’t rain today.根据风向测度, 今天不会下雨。
现在分词作状语有几种形式-有用
(4)表示结果
a. The old man died, leaving nothing but debts.
b. we hurried to school ,finding there were no students in the school.
c. They opened fire, killing one of our patrolmen.
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Relying on our own efforts, we overcame all the difficulties.
They stood there for an hour ,watching the game.
Don’t just stand there doing nothing.
Judging from his accent, he seemed to be from Hunan province.
=If we judge…
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Generally speaking, every spy has a contact.
Considering his age, he was helped by the young fellow.
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注意2：分词作状语时，分词和 句子的主语一定要有逻辑上的主 谓关系
逻辑上的主谓关系即分词的动作 由句子的主语发出或承受．
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We are sitting here, making notes. make的动作由主语我们 发出
Being scolded by his mother, the boy hung his head. Scold 的动作由the boy承受
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He entering the office, a letter was found on the ground.
现在分词作状语的用法讲解
现在分词作状语的用法讲解现在分词是英语语法中的一种重要的句法成分，在句子中可以作状语。
状语是限制句子的重要成分，可以修饰谓语动词、主语、宾语或整个句子，用来表示动作或状态的方式、过程、时间、条件等。
因此，要掌握现在分词作状语的用法是英语句子结构掌握的重要环节。
一、现在分词作状语的构成在英语中，现在分词作状语是由动词的不定式形式（to do）加上ing组成的。
现在分词作状语既可以表示动作发生的正在进行，也可以表示动作发生的频率，强调动作的状语成分。
二、现在分词作状语的用法1.表示正在进行的动作现在分词作状语，既可以表示动作的发生，也可以表示动作的进行。
表示动作的发生时，现在分词常与表示时间的时间状语一起使用，如these days，today，now等；表示动作的进行，现在分词常与表示动作发生的伴随动作或情况，以及表示动作发生的时间状语一起使用，如while，when，before，after等。
例如：We are studying English while listening to the teacher.我们在听老师讲话的同时，正在学习英语。
2.表示动作发生的频率现在分词作状语，也可以用来表示动作发生的频率。
此时，现在分词一般与表示动作发生的频率的时间状语，如often，always，seldom，rarely，sometimes，occasionally，hardly，never等一起使用。
例如：He is always playing computer games.他总是玩电脑游戏。
三、现在分词作状语的特殊情况1.在分词作独立主格结构在句子中，现在分词与主语之间也可以组成独立结构，即现在分词作独立主格结构，表示一种客观存在的状态。
此时，现在分词作独立主格结构，可以表示谓语动词所描述的动作发生的情况，也可以表示谓语动词的客观存在的状态。
Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。
现在分词做作状语
现在分词做作状语分词作为状语是一种常见的用法，它可以修饰句子的主语、谓语、宾语或整个句子。
根据分词的形式和用法，可以分为以下几种情况：1. 现在分词作主语状语：现在分词可以单独作主语状语，表示伴随动作或状态。
例如：- Swimming is a good way to keep fit. (游泳是保持健康的好方法。
)- Running in the morning is refreshing. (早晨跑步很令人神清气爽。
)2. 现在分词作时间状语：现在分词可以表示时间状况，常用的有while, when, before, after等引导词。
例如：- While studying, he listened to music. (他一边学习，一边听音乐。
)- After finishing his homework, he went out for a walk. (做完作业后，他出去散步了。
)3. 现在分词作原因状语：现在分词可以表示原因或理由。
例如：- Being tired, she went to bed early. (她累了，所以早早上床睡觉了。
)- Having missed the bus, he had to walk home. (他错过了公交车，只能步行回家了。
)4. 现在分词作结果状语：现在分词可以表示结果，常用的情况有so, therefore等引导词。
例如：- He studied hard so as to pass the exam. (他努力学习，以便通过考试。
)- The weather was bad, so they stayed at home. (天气不好，所以他们呆在家里。
)。
《现在分词作状语》课件
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现在分词作状语的练习与巩固
选择题练习
总结词
通过选择题练习，学生可以加深对现在分词作状语的理 解，提高对相关句子的辨识能力。
详细描述
设计一系列关于现在分词作状语的选择题，每个题目提 供四个选项，让学生根据句子语境选择正确的答案。题 目难度可以根据学生实际情况进行调整，从简单到复杂 ，逐步提高难度。
让步状语
总结词
表示动作发生的让步条件
详细描述
现在分词短语用作让步状语时，通常放在句 首或句末，表示某个动作发生的让步条件。 例如，“Despite being tired, he insisted
on finishing the work.”（尽管累了，他 还是坚持完成了事项
详细描述
设计一系列中英文互译的翻译题，让学生将含有现在分 词作状语的英文句子翻译成中文，或者将含有相应中文 句子的英文句子翻译成中文。通过翻译实践，学生可以 更好地掌握现在分词作状语的用法，提高语言水平。同 时，教师还可以根据学生的实际水平，提供不同难度的 翻译题目，以满足不同层次学生的学习需求。
THANKS
条件状语
总结词
表示某个动作发生的条件
详细描述
现在分词短语用作条件状语时，通常放在句首或句末，表示某个动作发生的条件。例如 ，“Hearing the news, they immediately set off to the airport.”（听到消息后，
他们立刻出发去机场。）
伴随状语
总结词
表示动作发生时伴随的情况或结果
《现在分词作状语》 ppt课件
contents
目录
• 现在分词作状语的概述 • 现在分词作状语的形式 • 现在分词作状语的用法 • 现在分词作状语的注意事项 • 现在分词作状语的练习与巩固
现在分词作状语01课件
现在分词作状语01
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Choosing:
• Finding her car stolen, __D______. A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help
现在分词作状语01
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3. “Can’t you read?” Mary said, __A_____ to the notice. A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing
D: When she found her car stolen, she hurried to a policeman for help.
现在分词作状语01
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2. The visiting Minister expressed his
satisfaction with the talks, ___C____
(= The bus was held up by the snowstorm, and
as a result it caused the delay.)
现在分词作状语01
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用法10： 在-ing 形式短语前可用though/although 表
示让步
e.g. Though working very hard, he couldn’t make enough money to pay off his debt. = Though he worked very hard, he couldn’t make enough money to pay off his debt.
现在分词在句子中作状语的用法介绍
现在分词在句子中作状语的用法介绍现在分词在句子中作状语的用法介绍你知道现在分词在句子中的用法吗？下面是小编收集的现在分词在句子中作状语的用法介绍。
欢迎阅读！一、分词在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。
分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句中主语相一致。
当现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时, 则用现在分词的完成式；当所表示的`动作与谓语的动作同时发生, 则用现在分词的一般式。
完成或被动关系用过去分词。
二、现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语应该与句子的主语一致，但有时现在分词的主语与其所在句中的主语并不一致，这种现在分词即所谓的垂悬现在分词。
垂悬现在分词容易使句意模糊，甚至造成歧义，因而通常被认为是不合规范或错误的用法。
1.Searching along the deck，it had taken him some time to find a doctor.他沿着甲板找了好久才找到一名医生。
(searching的逻辑主语是句中的him)2.Walking or sleeping，this subject was always in my mind.不论是走路或睡觉，我总是在想着这个问题。
(walking or sleeping的逻辑主语是句中的my)3.Traveling is interesting but tiring.旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲劳4.The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much.如果让学生学得太多，他们会感到糊涂的。
5.The argument is very convincing.他的论点很令人信服。
6.They were very excited at the news.听到这个消息，他们非常激动。
三、现在分词或过去分词作状语时，有时可以在分词前加while，when, once, although, until, if等连词。
现在分词作状语详解
教学目标：讲解现在分词作状语及区分不定式、现在分词作状语的异同重点难点：1.现在分词和不定式作状语时,其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致;2.分词作状语时,要看它同句子主语之间的关系,以确定是现在分词还是过去分词;3.注意非谓语动词与句子谓语动词的时间关系,以确定分词的时态形式4、弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系,以确定非谓语动词的语态形式.5. 连词+分词形式分词作状语的省略问题6.不定式作结果状语和现在分词作结果状语的区别;7. 现在分词的独立主格结构和评价性状语Step 1 lead in朗读下面一首唐诗,找出其中的现在分词形式Thinking in the Silent Night 静夜思Before my bed there is bright moonlight 床前明月光So that it seems that frost on the ground. 疑是地上霜Lifting my head, I watch the bright moonlight. 举头望明月Lowering my head, I dream that I’m home. 低头思故乡Step2 现在分词作状语的意义动词的现在分词作状语,修饰动词,相当于状语从句,在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况及独立成分等,作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随情况状语时常位于句末;一. -ing分词短语作时间状语,代替一个时间状语从句引导词有when ,while温馨提示：1．现在分词所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生,有时可由连词when, while引出;2．现在分词所表示的动作一发生,主句的动作就立即发生时; 如：When she saw those pictures,she remembered her childhood.=Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看到那些画,她想起了自己的童年;As soon as he heard the good news, he jumped with joy.=0nHearing the good news, he jumped with joy.他一听到这个好消息,就高兴地跳起来;二．-ing分词短语作原因状语,相当于一个原因状语从句;引导词有because ,as ,since如：As he was ill, he didn't go to school yesterday=Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday. 由于生病,他昨天没有上学;三．-ing分词也可作条件状语和让步状语,相当于一个条件状语从句;引导词有if,unless,onceIf you work hard, you will succeed.=Working hard, you will succeed.如果你勤奋一点,你就会成功;If you turn to the left, you will find the path leading to the school.=Turning to the left, you will find the path leading to the school.如果你向左转,你就会找到到学校取得路;四．表示让步,相当于让步状语从句引导词有although,though,even if ,even though Although they knew all this,they made me pay for the damage.= Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. 尽管知道了一切情况,他们还是要我赔偿损失;五．现在分词可以做方式状语、伴随状语,表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明,是主语的另一个、较次要的动作,相当于一个由and引导的并列结构;She came into the house,and carried a lot of books.=She came into the house, carrying a lot of books. 她捧着许多书走进了房间;He lay on the grass, and stared at the sky for a long time.=He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. 他躺在草地上,长时间地望着天空;温馨提示：伴随状语出现的条件是由一个主语发出两个动作或同一个主语处于两种状态,或同一个主语发出一个动作时又伴随有某一种状态;六．现在分词表示主句的动作所带来的必然结果,相当于一个并列谓语His father died, and left him a lot of money.=His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 他父亲死了,留给他许多钱;She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, and broke it into pieces.=She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.她非常生气,把玩具扔在地上,摔成了碎片;Step 2考点解读分词作状语应注意的问题A. 分词作状语的首要条件是分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语;动词的分词形式作状语时,其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致;Entering the classroom, I found nobody in it. 走进教室,我发现里面没人;entering 的逻辑主语是I,相当于when I entered the classroom, I found nobody in it.如分词表示的动作不是句中主语发出或承受的,那就是误用;课堂巩固练习：判断下列句子正误1. 从窗户看出去,我们看见一个漂亮的花园;a. Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful.b. Looking out through the window, we saw a beautiful garden.2. 我看着晚报的时候,一只狗开始叫起来;a. Reading the evening newspaper, a dog started barking.b. I was reading the evening newspaper when a dog started barking.3. 听到这个消息,我的眼泪忍不住流下来;a. Hearing the news, tears ran down her face.b. Hearing the news, she cried out sadly.4.等公汽的时候,一块砖头砸在我的头上;a. waiting for the bus , a brick fell on my head.for the bus ,I was hit by a brick on the head.5.打开窗户,一只蝴蝶飞进来了;a. Opening the window, a butterfly flew into my room.b. Opening the window, I saw a butterfly flying into my room.6.如果你努力学习,你的梦想一定会实现;hard with a strong will, your dream will certainly come truehard with a strong will, you'll certainly make your dream come trueB. 独立结构分词的逻辑主语如不能和句子中的主语保持一致,该-ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语,通常有名词或代词来担任,成为独立主格结构,独立结构可以表示伴随动作或情况, 表示时间、原因、条件等;但要注意主格词和主句的主语不能表示同一概念,主格词和分词的动作是主谓关系结构是：形式：主格词+doing主格词+being +adjthere being +n,辨别正误因为天气好,我们下周将举行运动会;a. Being fine, we will have the sports meeting next week.b. It being fine, we will have the sports meeting next week.练习：把下面句子改成独立主格形式the weather permits, we’ll go out on an outing.=Weather permitting, we’ll go out on an outing.天气许可的话,我们就去郊游;2. Because it is Sunday, we needn't go to school.=It being Sunday, we needn't go to school.因为是星期天,我们不需要上学;there was no buses,we had to walk home .=There being no bus ,we had to walk home .因为没有车,我们不得不走回家;the boy led the way, we had no trouble finding the village.The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the village.因为有这个男孩带路,我们毫不费力地找到了这个村子;小结：当主从句主语不一致时,分词和逻辑主语构成.独立主格.例如：Time permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. 天气允许的话,足球赛将在周五举行;permitting的逻辑主语是time,而不是the football match The professor being absent ,the lecture had to be put off.教授缺席了,演讲不得不推迟;The meeting being over, they all left the meeting room.会议结束了,他们都离开了会议室;课堂巩固练习1. _________,I will go over all these lessons before the exam.A. If time will permitB. Time permitsC. Time permittedD. Time permitting2. I carefully poured the liquid into the water , my classmates _______anxiously beside me to see what would happen.A. stoodB. standingC. to stoodD. were standing注意：有一种习惯表达作评价性状语,表示说话人的态度,观点和看法等,就不必考虑与主句的主语之间的逻辑关系,因为说话者就是分词的逻辑主语,它们的逻辑主语可以和句子的主语不一致必背：分词或分词短语作独立成份作状语或插入语Generally / Frankly / Roughly speaking一般说来/坦白说/粗略地说, judging by/from…从……来看,依据……来判断,seeing that 考虑到,allowing for 鉴于,顾及到, talking/speaking of谈及……,Taking …into consideration把…考虑在内其中的considering …鉴于/考虑到……,following继…之后,concerning关于,regarding关于,respecting关于,owing to …由于……就是介词例如：Generally speaking, boys are more interested in science than girls. 一般说来,男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣;Judging from his accent, he must come from Canada. 从他的口音看,他一定来自加拿大;Supposing it rains ,what will you do 假使下雨,你会怎么办呢Talking of cleaning, it’s about time you cleaned the classroom.谈到打扫卫生,该你打扫教室了;C．非谓语作状语时,要看它同句子主语之间的关系;和句子主语构成主动关系时,用现在分词作状语,和句子主语构成被动关系时,用过去分词作状语对比练习：the top of the building, we saw the house like a match box.the top of the building, the house looks like a match box.A. SeenB. SeeingC. To see辨别正误：1.因为漆成了白色,房子看起来更美了;a. Painting white , the house looks more beautiful.b. Painted white ,the house looks more beautiful.2. 受到他的话的鼓励,我开始认真学习;by her words, I got down to studying hard.b. Encouraged by her words, I got down to studying hard课堂练习secretary worked all night long, ____ a long speech for the president.A. to prepareB. preparingC. preparedD. was preparing2.____ to hospital in time, the wounded soldiers were saved at last.3. A. Taken B. Taking C. Having taken D. Being taken比较下列句子3. 1._________one of the leading poets in America today,he has also written a number of books and plays.2._______________the price ,the car is worth buying .3.All things ________,the plan trip will have to be called off.A. be consideredB. consideredC. consideringD. having considered4..1 the first place in the maths examination, liufang got another first in the English contest.2.The professor entered the lecture hall , by many students.3.Many students entered the lecture hall ,___________the professor.A. followingB. followedC. to followD. being followedD. 分词或分词短语作状语时,前面可以加上连词,但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词如but,and,so ,or,因为并列连词接的是两个并列成分,而分词短语只是全句的一个状语部分,分词和主句之间可用逗号;辨别正误：1.尽管被告知了很多次,但是他仍然不能理解;been told many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.was told many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.c. Having been told many times, he still couldn’t understand it.d. Though he had been told many times, he still couldn’t understand it.e. Though he had been told many times, b ut he still couldn’t understand it.2.因为生病了,所以他被立刻送到医院去;ill ,so he had to be sent to the hospital at once.was ill ,so he had to be sent to the hospital at once.c. Being ill ,he he had to be sent to the hospital at once.E．.不定式和现在分词作结果状语的区别不定式作结果状语表示意料之外的结果,常和only 连用现在分词作结果状语表示主句的动作所带来的必然结果,常何thus 连用温馨提示：要掌握好现在分词短语作结果状语的用法,须注意以下几点：a. 句子的主谓部分与分词之间含有逻辑上的因果关系,b. 这种作结果状语的现在分词短语的逻辑主语可以是句子的主语,也可以前边的整个句子.例如;The bus was hold up by the snow, thus causing the delay.公汽被大雪阻住了,结果引起延误;His car was caught in the traffic jam ,causing him to be late.他的车陷入了交通堵塞,结果引起他迟到了;He dropped a plate on the ground, breaking it into pieces.他把盘子掉在地上,结果摔碎了;At the age of three his parents died, leaving him an orphan.三岁的时候他父母去世了,留下他一个孤儿;He was caught in the rain, thus making himself catch cold.他撞上了雨,结果使他感冒了;.He didn' t come today, making it necessary for us to find someone to do his work.他今天没来,因而我们必须找人干他的工作;对比：不定式作结果状语He made a long speech, only to show his ignorance;他发表了长篇大论,结果显示出他的无知;He lifted up a stone only to drop it on his own feet.他搬起石头砸自己的脚;He went to the seaside only to be drowned;他到海边去结果淹死了;Yesterday a street -beggar bought a lottery ticket , to make him a millionaire overnight .昨天一个街头乞丐无意买了一张彩票结果使他一夜间成了一个百万富翁;巩固练习1The storm left , a lot of damage to this area .2005年全国Ⅰ卷A．caused B．to have caused C．to cause D．having caused2European football is played in 80 countries , _________ it the most popular sport in the world . NMET 1998A. makingB. makesC. makeD. to makeStep3 分词的形式A.分词的一般式和完成式温馨提示：1：现在分词所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生, 现在分词所表示的动作一发生,主句的动作就立即发生时,两个动作几乎同时发生时,用现在分词的一般式;2.分词的的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前,用现在分词的完成时作状语;把下列状语从句改成分词形式：1.因为他晚饭吃得太多,他睡不着;As he had eaten too much for supper, he couldn’t go to sleep.=Having eaten too much for supper, he couldn’t go to sleep.2. 他把窗户关上后就回家了;After he closed the windows, he went home.;=Having closed the windows, he went home;3.因为听到了奇怪的声音,他走出房间看看;After he heard a strong sound, he went out of the room for a look.=Hearing a strange sound, he went out of4.Because he had been to the Great Wall many times, he didn’t go last week.=Having been to the Great Wall many times, he didn’t go last week.因为他已经去过长城许多次,上周他就没去;例如：They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们说说笑笑地向公园走去;Hearing the news ,he couldn’t help laughing .听到这个消息,他禁不住笑了;Having finished his homework, he went to bed. 做完了作业,他就去睡觉了;Having waited for half an hour,I became a little impatient.等了半小时,我有点不耐烦了;Having turned off the TV, he began to go over his lessons.把电视关掉后,他开始复习功课;Having put up the tent,they started to cook supper.搭好帐篷后,他们开始做晚饭;小结：是否用分词的完成式要看动词是否存在明显的先后关系;二．现在分词的被动式被动一般式being done 一般做后置定语,表示正在被做的动作被动完成式having been done把下列句子改成分词形式1.这本书在被翻译成多种语言后在全世界有名了;This book become well known all over the world after it had been translated into many different languages.=Having been translated into many different languages, this book become well known all over the world .2. This is one of the new supermarkets in our city,which is being built at present.=This is one of the new supermarkets being built at present. in our city.这是我们城市正在建的超市之一;he had been defeated many times , he didn’t lose heart.=Having been defeated many times , he didn’t lose heart.尽管被打败多次,但是他没有气馁;例如：The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要; Having been told many times, he was able to operate the machine.被告诉了很多遍,他能够操作机器了;Having been warned several times , the naughty boy made the same mistake.被警告过多次,这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误;Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking.被老师批评后,他戒烟了;三．分词的否定形式分词的否定式,由not/never+分词构成,即not doing ,not having done ,no having been done把下列句子改成分词形式1.因为他没有收到回音,所以决定再写一封信;As he didn’t receive a reply, he decided to write another letter.=Not having received a reply, he decided to write another letter.2.因为我不知道他的地址,所以不能和他取得联系;As we didn’t know his address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.=Not knowing his phone number, we couldn’t get in touch with her.例如：Not having heard the news. I wrote to him again. 没有听到这个消息,我又给他写了信;Not knowing how to work out the maths problem, I went to the teacher for help.不知道怎么解决这个数学题,我向老师求助;Not recognized his voice, she refused to give the person her address.没有听出他的声音,他拒绝把她的地址给这个人;Not having received an answer, I decided to pay a visit to him.没有收到一个答复,我决定去拜访他;E.现在分词的省略形式有时,为了使非谓语动词短语与主句的逻辑关系更清楚,可在非谓语动词前加连词;时间关系的连接短语有时还可以由连接词while或when引导;温馨提示：当状语从句用省略的时候,一般要具备两个条件：状语从句的主语和主句的主语要一致且状语从句的谓语含有be;当具备这两个条件后,状语从句若用省略时,一般同时省略两部分：状语从句的主语；状语从句谓语中的be;While he was playing football, he had his leg broken.当他踢足球时,腿折了;When he was asked why he was late ,the boy told a lie.当被问及他为什么迟到的时候,这个男孩撒了谎;While lying in bed, he listened to some music.他躺在床上听音乐;He looked through a newspaper while having breakfast.吃早饭时他翻阅报纸; When playing the piano ,she got excited.在弹钢琴时,她变得很激动;Be careful when crossing the street.过马路时要小心;Step4非谓语作状语的解题总方法与思路：1.先看四个答案：如果四个答案分别为动词原形、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等情况,那么这个题多半是非谓语动词题;2.看符号：中间有个逗号,末尾有个句号;3.看有没有连接词引导词;如果用逗号隔开的两个部分都没有连接词的话,一部分是句子时,那么另一部分就一定是非句子,而非句子里的动词就是非谓语动词;在“句子,非句子”结构中,非句子部分用非谓语：如：The teacher devoted his life to his career, ______ most of his students successful in study.A. makeB. to makeC. makingD. made在“非句子,句子”结构中,非句子部分用非谓语：_________with children, I know what is needed most.A. WorkingB. Having workedC. WorkedD. To work4.定语态：如果本句的主语或动词自带的逻辑主语与它是逻辑上的主谓关系,那么答案一般用Ving形式；如果本句的主语或动词自带的逻辑主语与它是逻辑上的动宾关系被动关系,那么答案一般用Ved形式;5.定时态：如果非谓语的动作比谓语先或先很久发生,有明显的先后顺序,那么非谓语动词要用完成式,否则我们要用非谓语的一般式解题原则高考真题分析原则一、两个句子必须要用连词连接,如果没有连词连接,则需要用非谓语动词,有连接词就要用句子;例1. _________ many times, bu t he still couldn’t understand it.A. Having been toldB. Having toldC. He had been toldD. Though he had been told例2．_________ many times, he still couldn’t understand it.A. Having been toldB. Having toldC. He had been toldD. Though he had told解析：例1中有连词but连接,表明前后都是句子,所以答案为C;例2中后面是一个句子,而且没有连词,所以前面不是句子,应该用非谓语动词,根据句意此处为被动,所以答案为A;温馨提示：在“句子, and/or +句子”的并列句结构中,可能会考查“以动词原形开头”的祈使句,四个答案表面上象非谓语,其实考查的是谓语;1 ______hard and you will succeed in the exam.2.______hard or you will fail in the exam.A. StudyB. To studyC. StudyingD. Studied3____some of this juice, perhaps you’ll like itA. Trying B, Try C, To try D. Have tried4_____at the door before entering please.A. KnockB. KnockingC. To knockD. Kocked原则二、不及物动词无-ed形式的非谓语动词,及物动词有宾语时用-ing形式,无宾语时用-ed形式;Seated at the back of the classroom, he kept still.坐在教室后面,他一动不动;There are three reading rooms in our new library, seating about four hundred students in all.在我们新图书馆有三个阅览室,能容纳400个学生就坐;Seating himself/Seated ＝Sitting in the room, he is absorbed in reading.坐在房间里,他专心看书;例3. ____________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.A. Having lostB. LostC. Being lostD. Losing解析：lose为及物动词,现在后面没有宾语,所以用-ed形式,答案为B;原则三、being done 表示“正在被”,一般不作状语,只作定语;非谓语动词的完成时形式to have done或having done强调该动作发生在句子谓语动词之前;例4. 08重庆卷_ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.A. FailB. FailedC. To failD. Having failed解析：根据句意“我们没有打通电话,就给他们发了个邮件”,没有打通电话应该发生在发邮件之前,所以用having done,答案为D;原则四.非谓语动词作状语,其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致,和句子主语构成主谓关系时用-ing形式,构成动宾关系是用-ed形式;其逻辑主语和句子主语不一致时,要在非谓语动词前加逻辑主语,构成独立主格结构;例5．09北京卷____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog.A. Being bittenB. BittenC. Having bittenD. To be bitten解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语,其逻辑主语应和句子主语the postman一致,the postman应该是被咬,所以答案为B;例6 .08安徽卷_______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.A. To walk.B. WalkingC. WalkedD. Having walked解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语,其逻辑主语应和句子主语he一致, he 和walk应该是主动关系,所以答案为B;例7 . 04全国II While watching television, __________.A. the doorbell rangB. the doorbell ringsC. we heard the doorbell ringD. we heard the doorbell rings解析：根据“非谓语动词作状语,其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致”的原则,watching的逻辑主语应和后面句子主语一致,所以句子主语应为“we”,答案为C;例8. 2007 重庆卷The girl in the snapshot was smiling sweetly, her long hair _________ in the breezeA.was flowingB. flowingC. flowedD. having flowed解析：本题没有连词,所以后面应用非谓语动词,her long hair是非谓语动词的逻辑主语,和非谓语动词构成独立主格结构;所以答案为B;原则五、不定式做状语一般有两种：目的状语和出乎意料的结果状语表示顺其自然的结果用-ing形式;例9.04福建The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _______ the film stars had left.A. to tellB. to be toldC. tellingD. told解析：本句句意为“记者们匆匆赶到机场,却被告知明星们已经走了”,表出乎意料的结果常常用only to do,所以答案为B;例10. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ________ in the natural light during the day. 2007 天津卷A. to letB. lettingC. letD. having let解析：本题句意为“玻璃门替换了木头门,自然光就进来了”,自然光进来时顺其自然的结果,所以用doing, 答案为B;例11 . His parents were killed in the accident,thus _______ him an orphan.A. leaveB. leavingC. leftD. to leave解析：他父母出了事故,他变成了孤儿就是意料之中在事情了,用现在分词表结果状语;例12.. I hurried to school, only _______ that it was Sunday.A. findB. findingC. foundD. to find解析：发现是星期天是我匆忙赶到学校意料之外的结果,说明我忘记了,如果我知道是星期天就不可能还匆忙地赶到学校了;用不定式表意料之外的的结果; 注意：表示“为了…”,常用不定式作状语,这时,状语动词动作发生时间与句子谓语动作时间相比,是将来,例如：例13.09辽宁卷, you need to give all you have and try your best.A Being a winnerB To be a winnerC Be a winnerD Having been a winner解析：根据句意“要想成为获胜者,你要付出所有,尽最大努力”,此处表目的,所以答案为B;对比：He sent me an e-mail, ________ to get further information.A. hopedB. hopingC. to hopeD. hope答案为B. 现在分词hoping表示与send me an e-mail同时发生的动作;一些考生认为应该填不定式作目的状语;不定式作目的状语时,句子的正确形式是：He sent me an e-mail to get further information.不需要hope一词,如果要选择“hoped”时,句子的正确形式是：He sent me an e-mail and hoped to get further information;“hope”和“sent”作并列谓语;比较：1.He worked deep into the night, preparingprepare a speech for the president.2. I got up very early this morning to prepare breakfast for my family.原则六、现在分词的否定原则是在—ing前加not,有not doing, not having done, not having been done几种形式;例14.08浙江卷______that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.A. Not realizedB. Not to realizeC. Not realizingD. Not to have realized解析：本题考查doing的否定形式not doing,答案为C;原则七：主动表示被动意义,要用现在分词作状语1.表示感觉的系动词用主动形式表示被动意义,如feel摸起来,sound听起来,look看起来,taste味道尝起来,smell闻起来2.不是强调被动动作,而是表示动作的性质和特征的用法,后面带有well ,easily,smoothly 等;例如;The book sells well.The door opens easily.例tired and weak, the woman should have a day off to see a doctor.A. LookB. LookingC. LookedD. Looking看起来又累又虚弱,这个妇女应该休一天假去看医生;look在本题中不是实意动词,而是感观系动词,系动词在非谓语中用主动式表被动;例smoothly, this kind of pen sells well in our school.A. To writeB. WritingC. being writtenD. Written因为写起来很流畅,这种钢笔在我们学校很畅销;解析：动词如果不是表示动作,而是表示物体具有某种性质或特征时,往往用主动形式表示被动;原则八：演变成了介词或连词的分词;英语中有些词表面上看是分词,但实际上已经变成了介词,因此应该用ing形式还是分词ed形式已经变得约定俗成了;这时往往不适用非谓动词规则,而是看英美人士的习惯;例17．___________her age,she looks quite young．A．Consider B. Considered C. To consider D. Considering｛解析：题意是：“就她的年龄而论,她显得十分年轻;”这里的considering表示“考虑到；鉴于”,它已经变成了介词,不管是“考虑还是被考虑”这里都用considering;｝高中阶段我们还学过的有：介词concerning关于 regarding关于,given鉴于supposing假如原则九：当主从句主语一致,且从句中包涵系动词be时,主语和be 应同时省略;即连词+doing/done例18 If _________ another hour, I would have finished it better.give的恰当形式填空;例19. While _________ homework, the boy likes listening to light music.do的恰当形式填空解析：18. given 是由if I was given another hour省略来的,if 在省略前省略后都是连词；是由while the boy are doing homework省略来的,while在省略前后都是连词｝注意：before和after可以做介词,后面接动名词例201 After __________ , he found a job as a secretary in a company.graduate的恰当形式填空2Before_________ a proper person to be the new president, the old president wouldn’t resign.select的恰当形式填空解析：graduating/graduation after 这时是个介词,所以后面总是用动名词,如果改为after he graduated,那么这个after就变成了连词;2题中的before用法与after 一样,后面加句子时,是连词,后面只加一个动词时,要用动名词形式,并充当介词;所以2题填selecting｝。
非谓语动词之现在分词作状语
VS
在处理主谓一致问题时，需要注意分 词短语中代词的性别和数，以确保与 主句主语一致。
逻辑关系问题
在使用现在分词作状语时，需要确保其与主句之间的逻辑关系清晰。现在分词描述的动作或状态应与主句的动作或状态有明 确的因果、条件或时间关系。
在写作中，应避免使用冗余的现在分词状语，以免造成句子结构复杂和语义混淆。同时，要确保现在分词与主句之间的连接 词使用得当，以明确表达逻辑关系。
结构独立性
02
03
结构复杂性
现在分词作状语通常与主句结构 紧密相连，而从句则可以独立成 句。
现在分词作状语通常结构简单， 而从句可能会因为包含多个句子 成分而显得复杂。
省略情况
省略频率
现在分词作状语在口语中经常被省略，而从句则相对 较少被省略。
省略条件
现在分词作状语的省略通常需要满足一定的语境条件 ，而从句的省略则需要满足特定的语法规则。
语态
现在分词作状语通常表示主动语态，描述主语主动执 行的动作或状态。
位置
位于句首
现在分词作状语可以位于句首，作为句子的开 头部分。
位于句中
现在分词作状语也可以位于句中，紧跟在主语 之后，作为谓语的补充说明。
位于句末
现在分词作状语还可以位于句末，作为句子的结尾部分。
02 现在分词作状语的用法
时间状语
伴随状语
总结词
表示两个动作同时发生或存在某种关联
详细描述
现在分词短语放在句首，表示与主句动作同 时发生的另一个动作。例如，“Walking along the beach, he felt the warm sand beneath his feet.”（沿着海滩走，他感到 脚下温暖的沙子。）
《现在分词作状语》课件
原句：He is walking to the park. 改后：He is walking to the park.
R
A
原句：She is reading a book. 改后：She is reading a book.
改后：He is walking to the park.
原句：They are playing football. 改后：They are
现在分词作状语的常见 错误分析
现在分词时态错误
错误类型：时态混 淆，如现在分词与 过去分词混淆
错误原因：对现在 分词和过去分词的 区别理解不清
解决方法：加强语 法学习，明确现在 分词和过去分词的 区别
常见错误：现在分 词用作过去分词， 或过去分词用作现 在分词
现在分词逻辑错误
主语不一致：现在分词与主语之间的关系不清晰，导致逻辑混乱 时态错误：现在分词与主句的时态不一致，导致逻辑错误 语态错误：现在分词与主句的语态不一致，导致逻辑错误 语义错误：现在分词与主句的语义不一致，导致逻辑错误
现在分词使用不当
混淆现在分词和过去分词
忽略现在分词的时态和语态
误用现在分词作定语
忽视现在分词的逻辑关系
现在分词与其它从句混淆
混淆原因：现在分词和从句在结构 上相似，容易混淆
解决方法：了解现在分词和从句的 区别，正确使用现在分词
添加标题
添加标题
添加标题
添加标题
常见错误：将现在分词误认为从句， 导致句子结构混乱
句尾：表示目的、 结果或原因
句间：表示因果、 转折或并列关系
现在分词作状语的时态意义
现在分词作状语表示正 在进行的动作或状态
现在分词作状语表示与 主句动作同时发生的动 作或状态
现在分词作状语的七种用法
现在分词作状语的七种用法
1. 表示时间，看呐，Walking in the park, I saw a beautiful flower.（当我在公园散步时，看到了一朵漂亮的花。
）
2. 表示原因，你想想，Being ill, he didn't go to school.（因为生病了，他没去上学。
）
3. 表示条件，要是，Working hard, you will succeed.（努力工作，你就会成功。
）
4. 表示伴随，哎呀，She sat there reading a book.（她坐在那儿读着一本书。
）
5. 表示方式，就像，He came running.（他跑着过来了。
）
6. 表示结果，哇塞，The cup fell on the ground, breaking into pieces.（杯子掉在地上，摔成了碎片。
）
7. 表示让步，即便，Knowing it's hard, he still tries.（尽管知道很难，他还是尝试。
）
这不就是现在分词作状语的七种用法嘛，很简单易懂吧！多有意思呀是不是！。
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a. 如果定语既要表示尚未发生的/将来的动作又要表示被动意义, 则用 不定式的被动式： to be done
You are welcome to the party to be given in our class.
*Where is the old woman selling eggs? =Where is the old woman who sells eggs? 2. 如果一个分词既要表达进行意义，又要表达被动意义，则用-ing的被动式: being done The question being discussed is important. =The question that is being discussed is important.
１．词短语作状语时，有时前面可带一个连词，表示强调或出于表达需要，常用
的连词有：when, while, if, (al)though, whether, or, unless, as if/though等。
1．伴随状语（Adverbial of attending circumstances） They came in, singing and laughing.
4. 原因状语（Adverbial of cause ） Having failed twice, he didn’t want to try again.
5. 条件状语 ( Adverbial of condition) Turning to the right, you will find a path.
1．前置（单个分词做定语时，一般放在被修饰的名词前）： *The swimming boy is my brother.
注意：有些分词已经形容词化。 试区别：
moving 感人的 inspiring 鼓舞人心的 disappointing 令人失望的
moved 受感动的 inspired 受鼓舞的
disappointed 感到失望的
a frightening voice a frightened voice
令人害怕的语调 从语调中听出说话人感到害怕
记一记： English-speaking countries, a paper-making machine, spoken English,…
II．-ing分词作定语时与谓语动词的时间关系：
1. –ing 分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。
*正在发生的动作： The man running over there is our chairman. =The man who is running over there is our chairman. *经常性、习惯性的动作：
*The man who came yesterday comes again. (√)
4. 要表示定语的动作在谓语动作之后发生, 则要用不定式或定语从句表示 将要发生的动作。
*The students to attend the meeting (who will attend the meeting) （参加会议的）will arrive here tomorrow.
Revision of –ing participle as Adverbial
I．-ing participle作状语时的形式：
主动语态
一般式
doing
完成式
having done
完成进行式 having been doing
被动语态
being done having been done
II. -ing 分词作状语（Adverbial)的要点：
3. 如果分词要表示动作是主动的，又在谓语动作之前发生，则要用定语从句表 (完示成。式having done/having been done不可做限制定语) *The man coming yesterday comes again. (×) *The man having come yesterday comes again. (×)
2．时间状语（Adverbial of time）
Having finished the homework/After finishing the homework,he turned on the TV. When/While climbing the mountain, he broke his glasses. ３．方式状语（Adverbial of way ） He came running into the classroom.
7.让步状语（Adverbial of concession） (Though) working as hard as he could, he could not pass the exam.
The –ing Participle as Attributive
I．–ing Participle 作定语的形式： doing
2．后置（分词短语做定语时，放在被修饰的名词后）： doing, being done
*The children playing outside are in Class Two. *Tea, being a universal drink in many countries, is still carefully prepared. *The television being repaired now was bought ten years ago. *Most of the people working in the factory are young people.