初二阶段性测试
2023—2024学年度第二学期阶段性学习效果评估八年级物理试题含答案解析
2023—2024学年度第二学期阶段性学习效果评估八年级物理试题含答案解析一、单选题(共40 分)1. 下列物体的质量,发生了变化的是()A.冰块全部熔化成水B.铝块拉成铝线C.将月壤带到地球D.将菜刀刃磨薄【答案】D【解析】A.冰块熔化成水,状态发生变化,但质量与状态无关,所以质量不变,故A不符合题意;B.铝块拉成铝线,形状发生变化,但质量与形状无关,所以质量不变,故B不符合题意;C.将月壤带到地球,位置改变,但质量与位置无关,质量不变,故C不符合题意;D.将菜刀刃磨薄,所含的铁减少了,所以质量减少,故D符合题意;故选D。
2. 镁合金被誉为“21世纪绿色工程材料”,其密度仅有钢铁的四分之一,还具有强度高、导电性好、耐腐蚀等特性。
下列物体不适合用该材料制作的是()A.自行车的车架B.平板电脑外壳C.起重机配重D.仪器中的电子元件【答案】C【解析】ABD.由于镁合金密度小,且强度高、导电性好、耐腐蚀,因此自行车的车架、平板电脑外壳、仪器中的电子元件均可使用镁合金制作,故ABD不符合题意;C.由于镁合金的密度相对较小,仅有钢铁的四分之一,因此同样体积下,使用镁合金做的配重会比使用钢材做的轻很多,无法达到相同的配重效果,因此起重机配重不适合使用镁合金。
故C 符合题意。
故选C。
3. 用带正电的玻璃棒分别靠近甲、乙两轻小物体,现象如图所示,由此可判断A.甲可能不带电B.乙一定不带电C.甲一定带负电D.乙可能带负电【答案】D【解析】由题意知带正电的玻璃棒和甲物体排斥,故甲一定带正电;带正电的玻璃棒和乙物体相互吸引,故乙可能带负电,也可能不带电,故D符合题意,ABC不符合题意。
故选D。
4. 下列有关对物质世界的认识正确的是()A.太阳是宇宙的中心B.香气扑鼻说明分子在不停地运动C.分子是不可再分的最小粒子D.用摩擦的方法可以创造电荷【答案】B【解析】A.宇宙是由无数恒星组成的,太阳只是其中一颗,太阳不是宇宙的中心,故A错误;B.我们能闻到香味属于扩散现象,说明香气分子在不停的做无规则运动被我们呼吸到,故B正确;C.物质由分子组成,分子由原子组成,故C错误;D.摩擦起电的实质是电荷的转移,不会创造电荷,故D错误。
2024-2025学年第一学期八年级数学阶段性质量监测试题
2024-2025学年第一学期阶段性质量监测试题(卷)八年级数学说明:本试卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟。
一、选择题(每小题3分,满分30分) 1. 下列图形具有稳定性的是( )A A .锐角三角形B .正方形C .长方形D .六边形2.下列长度的三根小木棒能构成三角形的是( ) A .2cm ,3cm ,5cmB .8cm ,4cm ,2cmC .3cm ,3cm ,4cmD .3cm ,4cm ,8cm3.某同学把一块玻璃打碎成4块(如图),现在他打算带一块玻璃片到玻璃店去配一块与原来一样的玻璃,那么他应带( )(第3题图)A .①B .①C .①D .①4.已知正多边形的一个外角等于45°,那么这个正多边形的边数为( ) A .6 B .7 C .8 D .95.已知三角形两边的长分别为5和8,则第三边的长可以是( ) A .3 B .8 C .13 D .186 . 如图,CD ,CE ,CF 分别是△ABC 的高、角平分线、中线,则下列各式中错误的是( )(第6题图)A .AB=2BFB .∠ACE= 12∠ACB C .AE=BE D .CD ⊥BE7. 如图,在△ABC 中,D 是BC 中点,E 是AD 中点,连接BE 、CE ,若△ABC 的面积为20,则△BCE 的面积为( )(第7题图) (第8题图)A .5B .10C .15D .188.如图,已知AB=AD ,那么添加下列一个条件后,不能判定△ABC ≌△ADC 的是( ) A .CB=CD B .∠BAC= ∠DACC .∠BCA= ∠DCAD .∠B=∠D=90°9 . 将一块三角板和一把直尺按如图所示摆放,若∠1=41°,则∠2的度数为( )(第9题图)A .149°B .131°C .139°D .141°10.如图,在△ABC 中,AE 是角平分线,AD ⊥BC ,垂足为D ,点D 在点E 的左侧,∠B=60°,∠C=40°,则∠DAE 的度数为( )(第10题图) A .10°B .15°C .30°D .40°二、填空题(本题共计8小题,每题4分,共计32分)11.若三角形有两边长分别为2和5,第三边为a ,则a 的取值范围是________.12.工程建筑中经常采用三角形的结果,如屋顶的钢架、输电线的支架等,这里利用到的数学原理是:________.13.如图,已知A 、B 、C 、D 四点在同一直线上,AB=CD ,∠A=∠D ,请你填一个直接条件,_______,使△AFC ≌△DEB .(第13题图)(第14题图)14.如图,△ABC 中∠A=100°,BO 、CO 分别是∠ABC 、∠ACB 的角平分线且相交于O 点,则∠BOC 的度数为_______.15. 正多边形的一个内角等于144°,则该正多边形的边数为________.16.在△ABC 中,∠A:∠B:∠C=1:2:3,则△ABC 是________(填“锐角三角形”“直角三角形”或“钝角三角形”).17.如图,△ABC ≌△ADE ,若∠E=100°,∠D=30°,∠CAD=35°,则∠BAD=_____.(第17题图) (第18题图)18.如图,E 是边BC 的中点,若AB=4,△ACE 的周长比△AEB 的周长多1,则AC=__________.三、解答题(本题共计4小题,共计38分)座位号---------------------------------------装----------------------------订-------------------------------------------线-------------------------------------------姓名:________________ 班级:______________ 考场:________________19.(10分) 如图,网格中每个小正方形边长为1,△ABC 的顶点都在格点(网格线的交点)上,利用网格画图.(1) 作BC 边上的高线AD ,垂足为D ;(2)在AC 边上取一点E ,连接BE ,使得BE 平分△ABC 的面积; (3)△ABC 的面积为_________.20.(8分)探究归纳题:(1)如图1,经过四边形的一个顶点可以作________ 条对角线,它把四边形分成________ 个三角形; (2)如图2,经过五边形的一个顶点可以作________ 条对角线,它把五边形分成________ 个三角形; (3)探索归纳:对于n 边形(n>3),过一个顶点可以作________ 条对角线,它把n 边形分成________个三角形;(用含n 的式子表示)(4)如果经过多边形的一个顶点可以作100条对角线,那么这个多边形的边数为________ .21.(10分) 一个多边形的内角和等于它外角和的2倍,它是几边形?22.(10分) 如图所示,直线a ∥b ,∠2=31°,∠A=28°,求∠1的度数.四、解答题(本题共计4小题,共计50分)23.(12分)如图,已知AB=AC,∠1=∠2,AD=AE .求证:∠D=∠E .24.(12分)如图,A 、C 、F 、B 在同一直线上,∠E=∠D ,AE=BD ,且AE ∥BD .求证:EF =DC .25.(12分)已知,如图,CA ⊥AB ,DB ⊥AB ,点A 、E 、F 、B 在同一条直线上,AE=BF ,CF=DE (1)求证:AC=BD ;(2)若∠AFC=25°,求∠D 的度数26.(14分)如图,已知AB ∥CD ,点E 在直线AB ,CD 之间,连接AE ,CE .(1)如图①,若∠BAE=40°,∠ECD=50°,则∠AEC=__________°;(2)如图①,猜想∠BAE 、∠ECD 和∠AEC 之间有什么样的数量关系,并说明理由;(3)如图①,若AH 平分∠BAE ,将线段CE 沿CD 方向平移至FG (CE ∥FG ),若∠AEC=80°,FH 平分∠DFG ,则∠AHF=__________°.。
八年级上册语文第二次阶段性测试
八年级语文第二次阶段性测试(试卷总分100分测试时间150分钟)命题:校对:一(20分)阅读下面的一段话,完成1-4题。
(12分)地球的东方有条龙,她的梦想在飞腾。
那梦好比jiǎojié明亮的月亮,照亮了中国的芸芸众生;那梦好比灿烂辉煌的太阳,映起了中国人的无比激情( A )中国梦hóngyáng着中华民族正气,中国梦chéngzài着灿烂的华夏文明。
美丽中国梦的实现与中华民族能否实现伟大复兴密切相联。
1.根据拼音写汉字。
(3分)ng ▲ chéngzài ▲1分)3.文中划横线的句子有语病,请写出修改意见。
(1分)▲4.初二(1)班准备开展以“中国梦,我的梦”为主题的读书活动。
(7分)(1)为了开展这次读书活动,班级需向学校总务处借3只无线话筒,请你以班委会的名义给校总务处写一张借条。
(4分)▲(2)请你为此次活动拟写一条宣传标语。
(1分)▲(3)如果你是主持人,请你为这次活动设计一个开场白。
(2分)▲5.用课文原句填空。
(8分)①▲,像野马在平原上奔驰,像山泉在呜咽,像波涛在澎湃。
②感时花溅泪,▲。
(杜甫《春望》)③▲,隔江犹唱《后庭花》。
(杜牧《泊秦淮》)④天下英雄谁敌手?曹刘。
▲。
(辛弃疾《南乡子》)⑤《送杜少府之任蜀州》一诗中,成为表达朋友间深情厚谊不朽名句的诗句是:▲,▲。
⑥《己亥杂诗》一诗中表达诗人对理想和信念执着追求的两句诗是:▲,▲。
二(50分)阅读下面这首诗,完成6-7题。
(5分)落叶唐孔绍安早秋惊落叶,飘零似客心。
翻飞未肯下,犹言惜故林。
6. 首句写“惊落叶”,也是写“作者之惊”,那么作者“惊”的原因有哪些?(3分)▲7. 这首诗运用了什么表现手法?抒发了诗人怎样的情感?(2分)▲阅读下面的文言文,完成8-11题。
(16分)【甲】晏子至,楚王赐晏子酒。
酒酣,吏二缚一人诣王。
王曰:“缚者曷为者也(倒装句)?”对曰:“齐人也,坐盗。
24届英语八年级阶段性测试
八年级阶段性测试英语试卷(时间:70 分钟,共五大题,满分:100 分)一.阅读理解(20 小题,每小题 2 分,共 40 分)AWe do eye exercises. We wear sunglasses. We do lots of things to protect our eyes. But we usually forget another important part of our body-the ears.Ears help us hear the world. But many things, such as loud noises, can cause hearing loss (听力丧失). Once this happens, it’s hard to get your hearing back. So how can we protect our ears? Let’s take a look together.1. Why is it important to protect our ears?A. Because protecting ears is common.B. If you lose your hearing, it is hard to get it back.C. If you lose your hearing, your eyes will be influenced.D. Because ears are the windows to the soul.2. According to the article, the right ways to protect our ears are .①Keep them dry and warm.②Shake your head to get the water out of your ear after swimming.③Wear sunscreen on your ears when the wind is strong.④Protect your ears with a hat or a scarf in winter.A. ①②④B. ②③④C. ①③④D.①②③3. About cleaning ears, which of the following statement is TRUE?A. No cleaning will make the earwax go deep into your ears.B. There is no need to see the doctor if your ears hurt.C. Clean them with anything sharp.D. Ears can clean the earwax along with some dirt by themselves.4. About using headphones, how many pieces of advice are given ?A. OneB. TwoC. ThreeD. Four5. Where is the text most probably from?A. A biology paperB. A teen online classC. A health magazineD. A geography textbookBLast week, I visited my friend Pete in his new home, where he lives with his wife and daughter. Pete used to spend his holidays traveling around the world – visiting the pyramids in Egypt or scuba diving (水肺潜水) in the Caribbean. Nowadays, he prefers to spend his holidays and weekends making his house look more beautiful. Like hundreds of thousands of other British people, he’s found the joy of DIY (do it yourself) home repairs. This means that if there’s anything that needs fixing around the house, he will try to do the job himself.Pete showed me his new kitchen, which he put together himself, and his newly-painted walls. I asked him where he got the idea to do these things. He told me that his favorite source (来源) of ideas is a DIY program on TV.This got me thinking about how popular DIY programs are in the UK. Each main channel (频道) has at least one home or garden makeover show. There are even channels totally on the subject.I suppose it’s not really surprising that DIY programs are so popular. There are two common sayings in Britain –“an Englishman’s home is his castle (城堡)” and “there’s no place like home” – which show how important our houses are to us. With the social changes of the last ten years or so, many people can’t afford to buy bigger houses. So they are looking at how they can make their house better without spendinga lot of money. DIY, clearly, is the perfect choice.6. Pete usually spent his holidays ______ in the past.A. traveling around the worldB. visiting EgyptC. diving in the CaribbeanD. building a new house7. What do most British people enjoy doing nowadays?A. Finishing their work at home.B. Doing everything on their own.C. Spending their spare time at home.D. Doing the home repairs themselves.8. How did Pete manage to make his house more beautiful?A. He asked house builders for advice.B. He got help from a DIY TV program.C. He called some of his friends for help.D. He paid workers to do the house work.9. What does the underlined word “makeover” in Paragraph 3 probably means?A. 修建B. 交换C. 修饰D. 化妆10. DIY programs have become popular because ______.A. other programs are too boring to watchB. people are spending more time watching TVC. people can’t afford new houses any moreD. people are spending more time fixing their housesCDo you still hug your parents? How do you feel when you hug them? When do you need a hug the most?It was a cold November morning several years ago. My alarm clock had just gone off, but I was having trouble getting out of bed. My dad had died a few weeks before. I felt weighed down by sadness and depression.Tough and strong, my dad had worked so hard all of his life to support us. He would sometimes shout at my brothers and me, but I always knew that he loved me. Still, he had been raised (养育) in a traditional way and raised us that way too. I couldn’t remember, for example, ever being hugged by him.After my mom and grandma passed away, my dad moved into grandma's home. I was so happy to have him close by. I would often visit him and just talk with him about life. But we still seldom touched and never hugged. Finally, his own health began to rapidly fail and within a few months he left us. It was a cold morning when we had his service (追悼会), but I was too cold inside myself to feel it. I couldn't remember when we'd had our last hug.I sighed (叹气) and got out of my bed. I turned on the lights and walked into the hallway. I saw my son Jim walking down the hall to meet me. Suddenly, he opened his arms and gave me a heart-felt hug. And just as he did, I heard my dad's voice deep inside of me say, "Joey, this hug is from me!" I cried and smiled at the same time. In that moment, in the place where heart, mind, and spirit all meet, I felt loved. I felt loved by my dad. I felt loved by life.11.The writer felt down because ________________.A. he was coldB. his alarm clock didn't go offC. he had trouble getting upD. his dad had died12. What did the writer think of his father?A. Tough and strongB. Hard-workingC. Full of loveD. All of the above13. Which of the following is NOT true according to paragraph 4?A. He talked about everything with his father.B. He lived near his father.C. His father got serious health problem.D. He felt so sad in the service.14. The passage implies (暗示) that _______________.A. Kids shouldn't be raised in a traditional wayB. Parents should set good examples for childrenC. Love needs to be expressedD. Family members need to understand each other15. What's the best title for the passage?A.Sad but movedB. Sometimes people need a hugC. A father who doesn't know loveD. Missing my fatherDHow do you wake up in the morning?Have you ever set an alarm on your phone that sounds like this:beep …beep …beep? If so, the loud and unpleasant sound may make it harder for you to wake from a deep sleep in the morning. 16.A recent study says yes. The answer is music. The alarm that has a lovely melody(曲调) can help you feel more relaxed in the morning.The researchers organized 50 people to take part in the study. 17. . For example, what were the alarm sounds they liked to be woken by, how did they feel about those sounds and how did they feel when they were woken up? 18.The researchers said, “We are very surprised at the result because many of us expected a harsh (刺耳的) beeping sound to be more successful in waking up a person before.”19. The researchers explained, “Music may be more successful in reducing(减少)sleep inertia(惯性) because it has different melodies.The changes between melodies may help turn a person’s attention (注意力) to other things when he or she wakes from a sleep.”You may want to know whether there is a kind of music which is the best for waking people up. There may be.20. What's more, they also think no matter how you wake up, the volume(音量) of your alarm is also important.根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使文章意思通顺,内容完整。
2024年华东师大版八年级数学上册阶段测试试卷448
2024年华东师大版八年级数学上册阶段测试试卷448考试试卷考试范围:全部知识点;考试时间:120分钟学校:______ 姓名:______ 班级:______ 考号:______总分栏题号一二三四五总分得分评卷人得分一、选择题(共5题,共10分)1、化简x2x−2+42−x的结果是()A. x−2B. 1x−2C. x2+4x−2D. x+22、如果(x−2)2=2−x那么()A. x<2B. x≤2C. x>2D. x≥23、如图,向高为h的圆柱形水杯中注水,已知水杯底面半径为2.那么注水量y与水深x的函数关系的图象是()A.B.C.D.4、【题文】顺次连接对角线互相垂直的四边形各边的中点,所得到的四边形是().A. 矩形B. 菱形C. 正方形D. 等腰梯形5、美是一种感觉,当人体下半身长与身高的比值越接近0.618时,越给人一种美感.如图,某女士身高165cm,下半身长x与身高l的比值是0.60;为尽可能达到好的效果,她应穿的高跟鞋的高度大约为( )A. 4cmB. 6cmC. 8cmD. 10cm评卷人得分二、填空题(共5题,共10分)6、【题文】菱形的面积为24,其中的一条较短的对角线长为6,则此菱形的周长为_______。
7、计算:52−8= ______ .8、如图,一透明的圆柱体玻璃杯,从内部测得底部直径为6cm杯深8cm.今有一根长为16cm的吸管如图放入杯中,露在杯口外的长度为h则h的变化范围是: ______ .9、在等腰直角△ABC中,斜边上的中线长为5cm,则斜边长为____cm,面积为____cm2.10、如图,有一个以格点为顶点的△ABC,请你找出格纸中所有与△ABC成轴对称且也以格点为顶点的三角形,这样的三角形共有____个,它们分别是____.评卷人得分三、判断题(共9题,共18分)11、若a=b,则____.12、等腰三角形底边中线是等腰三角形的对称轴.13、任何有限小数和循环小数都是实数.____.(判断对错)14、正数的平方根有两个,它们是互为相反数____15、判断:方程=与方程5(x-2)=7x的解相同. ()16、判断:对角线互相垂直的四边形是菱形.()17、判断:两组邻边分别相等的四边形是菱形.()18、判断:===20()19、判断:×===6()评卷人得分四、计算题(共4题,共16分)20、化简求值。
参考答案2024-2025学年度第二学期初二数学期中阶段质量检测试题参考答案
2024-2025学年度第一学期初二数学学科期中阶段质量反馈参考答案一、单项选择(30分,每题3分)1-5 CADBD 6-10ABBAA二、填空题(18分,每题3分)11.±312.三角形的稳定性13.814.815.16.4三、解答题(72分)17.(1) (1)53(共10分,每问5分,第一步化简乘方、开方正确2分)18. (共12分,(1)每空1分,(2)8分)(1)①;②;③;④.(2)延长至点,使得,连接,延长至点,使得,连接,,...................................................................................................辅助线1分,在△和△中,,△△,,..............................................................................................................................3分同理△△,3-52B B '∠=∠12BD BC =12B D BC ''''=SAS ADE DE DA =BE A D ''E 'D E D A ''''=B E ''AD A D ='' AE A E ∴=''ADC EDB AD ED ADC EDB CD BD =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩∴ADC ≅()EDB SAS AC BE ∴=A D C '''≅()E D B SAS ''',,,............................................................................................................................4分在△和△中,,△△,,同理,,.................................................................................................................6分在△和△中,,△△.............................................................................. .....................8分19. (共4)分方法一:如图,连接并延长,.......................................................... .....................1分在中,,在中,,, (2)分A CB E ''''∴=AC A C '=' BE B E ''∴=BAE B A E '''AB A B BE B E EA E A ''=⎧⎪''=⎨⎪''=⎩∴BAE ≅()B A E SSS '''BAD B A D ∴∠=∠'''CAD C A D ∠=∠'''BAC B A C ∴∠=∠'''ABC A B C '''AB A B BAC B A C AC A C ''=⎧⎪'''∠=∠⎨⎪''=⎩∴ABC ≅()A B C SAS '''AC ADC ∆1D DAC ∠=∠+∠ABC ∆2B BAC ∠=∠+∠12140BCD D B BAC DAC D B A ∴∠=∠+∠=∠+∠+∠+∠=∠+∠+∠=︒李叔叔量得,就可以断定这个零件不合格......................................1分方法二:如图,延长交于,,,,,李叔叔量得,就可以断定这个零件不合格.20. (共10分,(1)4分,(2)6分)(1)如图,点即为所求;(2)连接,由作图可知,为的垂直平分线,则,设 ,则,..............................................1分,在中,由勾股定理得:,..............................................2分即......................................................................................................5分解得:,答:深圳号驱逐舰行驶的航程的长为. (6)分∴142BCD ∠=︒DC AB M 180180903060AMD A D ∠=︒-∠-∠=︒-︒-︒=︒ 180********CMB AMD ∴∠=︒-∠=︒-︒=︒1801802012040MCB B CMB ∴∠=︒-∠-∠=︒-︒-︒=︒180********DCB MCB ∴∠=︒-∠=︒-︒=︒∴142BCD ∠=︒C BC CD AB BC AC =BC AC x ==nmile (90)OC x nmile =-OA OB⊥ 90O ∴∠=︒Rt OBC ∆222BO OC BC +=22230(90)x x +-=50x =BC 50nmile21. (共9分,(1)3分,(2)3分,点描对1个给1分(3)3分)22.(共5分)解:如图,设C ′D 与AC 交于点O ,∵∠C=35°,∴由折叠可得∠C ′=∠C=35°,.....................................................................................1分∵∠1=∠DOC+∠C ,∠1=106°,∴∠DOC=∠1-∠C=106°-35°=71°, (3)分∵∠DOC=∠2+∠C ′,∴∠2=∠DOC-∠C ′=71°-35°=36°..............................................................................5分23.(共10分,(1)6分,(2)4分)(1)截取AC=CE 给2分;平行尺规作图:利用角的关系或做全等,有痕迹作对都可给4分(2)解:,,............................................................................................................1分在和中,,,............................................................................................................3分,即的长就是、之间的距离...............................................................4分//DE AB A E ∴∠=∠ABC ∆EDC ∆A E ACB ECD BC CD ∠=∠⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩()ABC EDC AAS ∴∆≅∆DE AB ∴=DE A B24.(共12分,(1)2分,(2)8分,(3)2分)解:(2)结论成立............................................................................1分证明:四边形是正方形,,............................................................................2分在和中,,..,即....................................................................................................................5分在和中,,.,...............................................................................................7分,,,.(8分).........................................................................................................8分 ABCD BA AD DC ∴==90BAD ADC ∠=∠=︒EAD ∆FDC ∆EA FD ED FC AD DC =⎧⎪=⎨⎪=⎩EAD FDC ∴∆≅∆EAD FDC ∴∠=∠EAD DAB FDC CDA ∴∠+∠=∠+∠BAE ADF ∠=∠BAE ∆ADF ∆BA AD BAE ADF AE DF =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩BAE ADF ∴∆≅∆BE AF ∴=ABE DAF ∠=∠⋯90DAF BAF ∠+∠=︒ 90ABE BAF ∴∠+∠=︒90AMB ∴∠=︒AF BE ∴⊥⋯。
天津经济技术开发区国际学校2024-2025学年上学期八年级阶段性学情诊断卷数学
天津经济技术开发区国际学校2024-2025学年上学期八年级阶段性学情诊断卷数学一、单选题1.现有两根长度分别为3cm 和6cm 的木棒,若要钉成一个三角形木棒,则第三根木棒长可以为( )A .2cmB .3cmC .5cmD .9cm 2.如图,在ABC V 中,画出AC 边上的高( )A .B .C .D .3.下列图形中,具有稳定性的是( )A .B .C .D .4.如图,在ABC V 中,ABC ∠、ACB ∠的平分线BE ,DC 相交于点F ,已知60A ∠=︒,则BFC ∠的度数是( )A .100︒B .110︒C .120︒D .130︒ 5.用直尺和圆规作一个角等于已知角的示意图如图所示,则说明A O B AOB '''∠=∠的依据是( )A .SSSB .SASC .AASD .ASA6.一副三角板如图所示摆放,若180∠=︒,则2∠的度数是( )A .80°B .95°C .100°D .110°7.如图,点D 为ABC V 内一点,10BCD ∠=︒,=60B ∠︒,CD AD ⊥,则BAD ∠的度数是( )A .15︒B .20︒C .25︒D .30︒8.如图,六边形ABCDEF 为正六边形,12l l ∥,则21∠-∠的值为( )A .60︒B .80︒C .108︒D .130︒9.如图,已知方格纸中是4个相同的正方形,则∠1+∠2+∠3的度数为( )A .90°B .105°C .120°D .135°10.如图,点B ,F ,E ,D 共线,B D ∠=∠,BE DF =,添加一个条件,不能判定ABF CDE ≌△△的是( )A .AF CE ∥B .AC ∠=∠ C .AF CE =D .AB CD = 11.如图,在ABC V 中,点O 是三角形的重心,则:AO OD =( )A .2:1B .3:1C .3:2D .4:112.如图,AD 、CF 分别是ABC V 的高和角平分线,AD 与CF 相交于G ,AE 平分CAD∠交BC 于E ,交CF 于M ,连接BM 交AD 于H ,且B M A E ⊥.有下列结论:①135AMC ∠=︒;②AMH BME V V ≌;③2BC BH MH =+;④AH CE AC +=.其中,正确的结论是( )A .①②③B .①②④C .①③④D .②③④二、填空题13.等腰三角形的一边等于3,一边等于6,则它的周长等于.14.如图,ABC V 中,4AB AC ==,P 是BC 上任意一点,过P 作PD AC ⊥于D ,PE AB ⊥于E ,若6ABC S =V ,则PD PE +=.15.如图,小明在操场上从A 点出发,沿直线前进8米后向左转40︒,再沿直线前进8米后,又向左转40︒,这样走下去,他第一次回到出发地A 点时,一共走了米.16.如图,在Rt ABC V 中,90,12cm,6cm C AC BC ∠=︒==,一条线段PQ AB =,P ,Q 两点分别在线段AC 和AC 的垂线AX 上移动,若以A 、B 、C 为顶点的三角形与以A 、P 、Q 为顶点的三角形全等,则AP 的长为.17.如图,将△ABC 沿BC 方向平移到△DEF (B 、E 、F 在同一条直线上),若∠B =46°,AC 与DE 相交于点G ,∠AGD 和∠DFB 的平分线GP 、FP 相交于点P ,则∠P =°.18.如图,四边形ABCD 中,AB =AD ,AC =6,∠DAB =∠DCB =90°,则四边形ABCD 的面积为.三、解答题19.如图,在ABC V 中,40ABC ∠=︒,80ACB ∠=︒,AE 平分BAC ∠,AD 是BC 边上的高.求(1)求BAE ∠的度数;(2)求DAE ∠的度数.20.如图,90ACB ∠=︒,AC BC =,AD CE ⊥,BE CE ⊥,垂足分别为D ,E , 3.8cm AD =,1.6cm DE =.求BE 的长.21.如图,在ABC V 中,D 是BC 的中点,DE AB ⊥,DF AC ⊥,垂足分别是E 、F ,BE CF =.求证:AD 是ABC V 的角平分线.22.如图,∠BAD =∠CAE =90°,AB =AD ,AE =AC ,AF ⊥CB ,垂足为F .(1)求证:△ABC≌△ADE;(2)求∠F AE的度数;(3)求证:CD=2BF+DE.。
2023-2024学年第一学期阶段性质量监测八年级语文试卷答案
2023—2024学年第一学期期中教学质量检测八年级语文试题答案及评分参考评分说明:1.简答题应抽取一定数量的样卷,根据评分参考得分确定答案的给分类型,意思答对的酌情给分。
2.写作题应抽取一定数量的样卷,确定类型卷及制定相应的评分细则,根据评分参考与评分细则评分。
一、积累与运用(25分)1.(10分)①清流见底②庭下如积水空明③江入大荒流④大漠孤烟直⑤长河落日圆⑥鸢飞戾天者⑦窥谷忘反⑧日暮乡关何处是⑨烟波江上使人愁⑩老骥伏枥(每处1分,错字、漏字、添字,该处不给分。
)2.(10分)(1)(2分)①.qiáo ②.聆(2)(2分)甲B 乙B【解析】突显:突出地显露。
彰显:鲜明地显示。
“国潮”能鲜明地显示出中国文化底蕴,因此甲处用“彰显”恰当。
故选B。
喜不自禁:形容高兴得不得了,抑制不住内心的喜悦。
引以为豪:以此感到自豪。
根据“国潮”走向世界的语境,应用“引以为豪”。
故选B。
(3)(3分)一个普通国民具有了这种文化自觉、文化自信,就会提高其对历史文化的认识(或者“觉悟”),(能补出宾语得1分,补出的宾语恰当得3分)(4)(3分)D【解析】本题考查句子排序。
四个句子都有关联词,因此要根据句子间的逻辑关系进行排序。
根据“一个民族有了这种文化自觉、文化自信”的条件提示,下一句用带关联词“就不会”的①句“就不会失去自己的精神家园和文化的根”,衔接紧密;然后是表示另一结果的④句“就会更加坚定自己的文化价值”;②“而这一切决定了这个民族拥有深厚的思想、自我超越的精神”表示转折意,是对上几句的总结;③“更决定了这个国家的国力和它的未来”语意上递进,总结全段。
因此排序为:①④②③。
故选D。
3.(5分)示例1:我会想到"信仰"。
因为反围剿的失败,红军开始了艰苦卓绝的二万五千里长征,战士们爬雪山,过草地,在人类生命禁区创造了一个个军事奇迹,取得这样的奇迹,毛泽东认为是源于对信仰的坚持,让我感受到信仰的力量(2分)。
河北省石家庄市第二十三中学盛和校区2024-2025学年八年级第一学期阶段练习数学试卷(无答案)
河北省石家庄市第二十三中学盛和校区2024-2025学年八年级第一学期阶段练习数学试卷一、选择题(共32分)1.在式子:中.分式的个数是( )A .1B .2C .3D .42.下列命题中,是真命题的为( )A .如果,那么B .一个角的补角大于这个角C .平方后等于4的数是2D .直角三角形的两个锐角互余3.下列各式变形正确的是( )A .B .C .D .4.如果把分式中的和都扩大3倍,那么分式的值( )A .扩大3倍B .缩小3倍C.缩小6倍D .不变5.在实数中无理数的个数有( )A .1个B .2个C .3个D .4个6.如图,若,则下列结论中一定成立的是( )A .B .C .D .7.计算:的结果为( )A .1B .C .D .8.运动会上,初二(3)班啦啦队,买了两种价格的雪糕,其中甲种雪糕共花费40元,乙种雪糕共花费30元,甲种雪糕比乙种雪糕多20根.乙种雪糕价格是甲种雪糕价格的1.5倍,若设甲种雪糕的价格为x 元,根据题意可列方程为( )A .B .C .D .23312,,,,13πy x a x x a++a b >||||a b >x y x y x y x y -++=---22a b a b c d c d --=++0.20.03230.40.0545a b a b c d c d --=++a b b a b c c b--=--2x x y +x y 2003.143、、ABC ADE ≅ AC DE=BAD CAE ∠=∠AB AE =ABC AED ∠=∠263242m m m m -÷+--22m m -+22m m +-22mm +4030201.5x x -=4030201.5x x -=3040201.5x x -=3040201.5x x-=9.如图,在AB 上,在AC 上,且.补充下列一个条件后,仍无法判定的是( )A .B .C .D .10的平方根是( )A .0B .-4或4C .2D .2或-211.下列各分式中与分式的值相等是( )A .B .C .D .12.若关于的方程产生增根,则的值是( )A .-3B .-2C .2D .013.下列说法正确的是( )A .两个面积相等的图形一定是全等图形B .两个全等图形形状一定相同C .两个周长相等的图形一定是全等图形D .两个正三角形一定是全等图形14.已知,则的值等于( )A .B .C .-6D .615.如图,已知,点为射线OB 上一点,用尺规按如下步骤作图:①以点O 为图心,以任意长为半径作弧,交OA 于点,交OB 于点;②以点为圆心,以OD 长为半径作弧,交OC 于点:③以点为圆心,以DE 长为半径作弧,交前面的弧于点;④连接CG 并延长交OA 于点、则的度数为( )A .B .C .D .DE B C ∠=∠ABE ACD AD AE =AEB ADC ∠=∠BE CD =AB AC=a a b--aa b --aa b -+ab a -ab a--x 311x m x x -=--m 114a b -=2227a ab b a b ab---+21527-48AOB ︒∠=C D E C F F G H AHC ∠24︒42︒48︒96︒16.如图,为AD 的中点,连接,则BC 的长为( )A .5B .6C .7D .8二、填空题(共13分)17、把两根钢条的中点连在一起,可以做成一个测量工件内槽宽的工具(卡钳),如图,若测得厘米,则槽宽为______厘米.18,则的值是______.19.如图,,添加一个条件______,使得.20.如图,在长方形ABCD 中,,延长BC 到点E ,使,连接DE ,动点从点出发.以每秒2cm 的速度沿向终点运动,设点的运动时间为秒,若与全等,则t 的值为______.三、解答题(共55分)21.解下列分式方程(1)//,90,2,8,AB CD BCD AB CD E ︒∠===,45BE CBE ︒∠=AA BB ''、5AB =2=a //,//BC EF AC DF ABC DEF = 8cm,10cm AB AD ==4cm CE =P B BC CD DA →→A P t ABP DCE 2111x x x -=-+(2)22.化简以下分式(1)(2)23.如图,,垂足分别为.求证:.24.先化简代数式,再从-2,2,0三个数中选一个恰当的数作为的值代入求值.25.为迎接“六一”儿童节,某儿童品牌玩具专卖店购进了AB 两种玩具,其中A 类玩具的进价比B 类玩具的进价每个多4元,经调查:用950元购进A 类玩具的数量与用750元购进B 类玩具的数量相同.(1)求A 、B 两类玩具的进价分别是每个多少元?(2)该玩具店共购进了A 、B 两类玩具共100个,若玩具店将每个A 类玩具定价为32元出售,每个B 类玩具定价25元出售,且全部售出后所获得利润不少于1090元,则商店至少购进A 类玩具多少个?26.如图l ,把一块直角三角尺ABC 的直角顶点C 放置在水平直线MN 上,在中,,,试回答下列问题:(1)若把三角尺ABC 绕着点按顺时针方向旋转,当时,______;(2)在三角尺ABC 绕着点按顺时针方向旋转过程中,分别作于与,若,,求MN .(3)三角尺ABC 绕着点按顺时针方向继续旋转到图3的位置,其他条件不变,则AM 、BN 与MN 之间有什么关系?请说明理由.311(1)(2)x x x x -=--+222441214x x x x x x -++⋅++-213116926x x x x x x -+-÷+-+-,,,AC DE CF EB AC CE DE CE ==⊥⊥,C E A D ∠=∠22321124a a a a -+⎛⎫-÷ ⎪+-⎝⎭a ABC 90ACB ∠=︒AC BC =C //AB MN 2∠=C AM MN ⊥,M BN MN ⊥N 6AM =2BN =C。
2023~2024学年第一学期初中阶段性学习评价Ⅱ八年级物理试卷
2023~2024学年第一学期初中阶段性学习评价Ⅱ八年级物理试卷本试卷共6页,28小题,全卷满分100分,考试时间90分钟注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用0.5毫米黑色墨水笔将自己的姓名和考试号填写在试卷、答题卷上相应位置.2.答题时用0.5毫米黑色墨水笔作答,答案必须写在答题卷各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后写上新的答案.3.作图题请先用2B铅笔作答,确认无误后请用0.5毫米黑色墨水笔描黑.一、选择题(本题共12小题,每小题2分,共24分.每小题只有一个选项是正确的)1.下列数据最接近我们生活实际的是(▲)A.普通课桌的高度约为1.2m B.正常人1min的心跳约为30次C.我国的国歌时长约为46s D.中学生百米冠军选手的平均速度为12m/s 2.如图所示的现象中,下列分析正确的是(▲)A.甲图:弹奏古筝时,手在不同位置按弦,目的是为了改变发出声音的响度B.乙图:将正在发声的音叉轻触乒乓球,球被弹开,说明音叉振动发声C.丙图:医生用B超检查胎儿的发育情况,说明声音可以传递能量D.丁图:摩托车上装有消声器,是为了在声音传播途中阻断噪声的传播3.如图,元旦前镇江各中小学开展迎新校园美食节活动,烹饪过程中学生提起锅盖,发现水从锅盖内侧流下,锅盖内的水经历的物态变化是(▲)A.先汽化后液化B.先凝固后熔化C.先熔化后汽化D.先升华后凝华4.“神舟十五号”载人飞船与空间站“天和”核心舱成功对接,此时认为“神舟十五号”载人飞船是静止的,所选的参照物可能是(▲)A.地球B.月球C.太阳D.“天和”核心舱5.随着夜游文旅的发展,夜晚成了越来越多人的专属“蓄电时间”,地面上高清高亮的广告投影尤其引人注目,下列说法正确的是(▲)A.地面上各个方向都能看清广告内容是由于光在地面发生镜面反射B.为了让图案显示更大,可增大地面与设备的距离C.仅在投影发出的绿光照射下,红色衣服呈现黄色D.投影设备的镜头为凸面镜6.我国有着灿烂的诗词文化,很多诗词中蕴含着物理知识.下列说法错误的是( ▲ )A .“日影化为虹”,彩虹的形成是光的色散现象B .“起舞弄清影”,影子的形成是光沿直线传播形成的C .“池水映明月”,水中的明月是光的反射形成的虚像D .“潭清疑水浅”,水变浅是光从空气斜射入水中时折射形成的7. 有些物理量的大小不易直接观测,但它变化时引起其它量的变化却容易直接观测,用易观测的量显示不易观测的量是研究物理问题的一种方法,例如:在敲击鼓面时,通过在鼓面上放纸屑来显示鼓面的振动.以下实例中采用的研究方法与上述方法相同的是( ▲ )A .研究液体蒸发快慢与液体表面空气流速关系时,控制液体的温度和表面积相同B .液体温度计利用测温液体体积的变化来显示温度高低C .研究光现象时,引入光线用来描述光的传播路径和方向D .研究平面镜成像时,为了比较像与物体的大小,选用两只相同的蜡烛8. 下列说法错误的是( ▲ )A .红外测温枪是通过测温枪发射红外线来测温的B .纸锅能烧开水是因为水的沸点低于纸的着火点C .冰箱内结的霜是由水蒸气凝华形成的D .次声波能绕过障碍物传得很远,可以用来预测台风和地震9. 一物体做直线运动,共运动了15s ,它在前5s 的平均速度是6m/s ,后10s 的平均速度是4.5m/s ,则该物体在这15s 内的平均速度是( ▲ )A .4.8m/sB . 5.0m/sC .5.25m/sD .5.5m/s10. 在做“探究凸透镜成像规律”的实验中,某小组同学正确安装并调节实验装置至图示位置,此时在光屏上恰好得到一个清晰的像.下列说法正确的( ▲ )A .该透镜焦距可能为15.0cmB .图中光屏上成的是烛焰倒立、放大的实像,符合投影仪的成像原理C .将蜡烛与光屏同时向右移动15cm ,光屏上可再次得到清晰的像D .图中蜡烛燃烧变短后,光屏上烛焰的像将向下移11.如图甲所示,将海波颗粒放入大试管中,在烧杯中倒入热水.根据温度计A 和B 的示数,绘制出海波和热水的温度随时间变化的图像,如图乙所示,下列说法正确的是( ▲ )A .海波是晶体,其沸点为48℃B .海波熔化过程持续了10minC .第10min 后,大试管内仍可能有固态海波存在D .第10min 后,将大试管取出并放入冰水混合物中,海波的温度将立即下降12.在测量纸锥下落速度的实验中,小明用每隔相等时间拍照一次的相机,拍得如图所示的照片,这种相机说明书上的描述如下:“…每秒拍照4次,像成在同一底片上…”.下列说法正确的是( ▲ )A .纸锥从E 到F 下落的速度是0.8m/sB .纸锥运动的时间t AB <t CDC .纸锥从A 到F 下落的速度一直变大D .若换成锥角更小的纸锥,从相同的高度下落,其平均速度减小二、填空题(本题共9小题,每空1分,共28分)13. 如图, A 物体的长度为 ▲ cm ;温度计的示数为 ▲ ℃;秒表读数为 ▲ s .14.元旦前夕,同学们在音乐教室排练文艺节目,悠扬的小提琴声是由于琴弦的 ▲ 产生的.用力拨动古筝的琴弦,可以增大琴声的 ▲ (选填“音调”、“响度”或“音色”).为了减少对外界的干扰,同学们关闭门窗,是在 ▲ 减弱噪声.15.公园的湖面上有一座桥,桥下水深为2m ,桥上一彩灯距水面3m ,则该彩灯的“倒影”距水面 ▲ m ;若湖水上涨了0.3m ,则此时该彩灯的“倒影”距水面 ▲ m ,该彩灯的“倒影”到彩灯的距离改变了 ▲ m .16.如图是浴室内两根水管,小明洗完澡后发现一根水管外壁上布满了水珠,另一根完全见不到水珠,布满水珠的是 ▲ (选填“热水”或“冷水”)管;水珠的形成是 ▲ (填物态变化名称)的结果,此过程需要 ▲ 热.17.在光的色散实验中,一束太阳光通过三棱镜后,为了能看到彩色光带,需要用 ▲ (选填“白”或“黑”)色光屏;人们常借助验钞机发出的 ▲ 来辨别人民币的真伪;如今 4K 电视越来越普及,4K 电视的屏幕上约有 3840×2160 个像素点,而每个像素点又是由红、绿、 ▲ 三种颜色的子像素点组成.18.如图是固定在地面上随风飘动的旗帜和附近的甲、乙两火炬照片,根据它们的飘动方向,可以判断甲火炬相对地面 ▲ (填“向左运动”、“向右运动”或“静止”),乙火炬相对地面 ▲ (填“一定”或“不一定”)向左运动.19.近日中国农业银行推出了“刷脸取款”的ATM 机.如图客户站在ATM 机前,光源自动打开,拍照成功后,按提示操作,钱就自己“吐”出来.摄像头相当于一个 ▲ (填“凸”或“凹”)透镜,所成的是倒立、缩小的 ▲ (填“实”或“虚”)像,在拍摄范围内,人脸离镜头越 ▲ (选填“近”或”远”),拍出的像越大.20.如图所示,一束光由介质 A 斜射入介质 B ,MN 是界面,两种介质分别是玻璃和空气,则介质 ▲ (选填“A ”或“B ”)是空气,折射角为 ▲ 度;若要使反射光线与入射光线垂直,可将界面MN 绕入射点 ▲ (选填“顺时针”或“逆时针”)转动 5度,此时反射光线绕入射点转过了 ▲ 度.第16题图第18题图第19题图第13题图第12题图三、解答题(本题共7小题,共48题时应有必要的解题过程)分)请按题目要求作答:)如图1,根据平面镜所成的像,一束光线从水中斜射向空气中,在水面发生了反射和折射,请画出反射光线6分)小华同学在做“探究冰熔化时温度变化规律”的实验,实验装置如图甲所示.他根据记录的数据画出了冰的熔化图像,如图乙所示.1)将装有碎冰的试管放入冷水中加热,而不是用酒精灯直接对试管加热,这样做的目的是可以使碎冰 ▲ 取各个时刻的温度.2)由图像可知冰的熔点是第20题图第21题图第22题图1第22题图2第22题图3(1)玻璃板进行实验;玻璃板应 ▲ 放置在白纸上.(2)如图1,点燃蜡烛①后,在玻璃板的后方移动蜡烛②,直到它与蜡烛①的像 ▲ ,记录蜡烛①和②的位置.(3)将蜡烛①远离玻璃板,看到的像会 ▲ (选填“远离”或“靠近大小 ▲ (选填“变大”、(4)图2(5①将图3②将图3③图4④图4A .③④ B . ①②③ C .25. (7分) 如图1开始下滑,分别测出小车到达B 点和C (1)该实验原理是 ▲ .(2)实验中需要的测量工具有刻度尺和 ▲ .(3)实验中应该控制斜面的坡度较 ▲ (选填 ▲ .(4)如果测得小车从A 点到达B 点的时间t AB =2.4s ,则BC 段的平均速度为 ▲ m/s .(5)图2.(6A 26.(9图1图1图2(1) 实验前,应调整实验器材,使烛焰和光屏的中心位于凸透镜的▲上;如图1所示,当凸透镜位于蜡烛和光屏之间中点位置时,恰好在光屏上成清晰的像,成的是▲ (选填“放大”、“等大”或“缩小”)的像,由此可知,凸透镜的焦距f= ▲cm.(2)如图2所示,光屏上成清晰的像,该像的成像原理与▲(选填“放大镜”、“投影仪”或“照相机”)相同,若此时将一凹透镜紧靠凸透镜左侧放置,通过移动光屏可再次成清晰的像,则光屏应向▲移动,像将▲(选填“变大”或“变小”).(3)如图2所示,将凸透镜向右移动S1,此时模拟的是▲(选填“近视眼”或“远视眼”)的成因,为了使光屏上再次出现清晰的像,光屏应向▲移动,若光屏移动的距离是S2,则S2▲S1(选填“>”、“<”或“=”).27.(6分)2023年,五峰山长江大桥荣获国家优质工程金奖.五峰山长江大桥全长6400m,上层为双向八车道高速公路,下层为四线高速铁路,是世界上运行速度最快、运行荷载最大、跨度最大的公铁两用悬索桥,是连淮扬镇高铁的重要路段.连淮设计最高速度250km/h,是江苏省内中扬镇高铁线全长约305km,部贯通南北的重要通道.(1)连淮扬镇高铁全线贯通后,在中途不停靠站台的前提下,高铁按照设计速度行驶,全程至少需要多少h?(2)一列长为200m的列车匀速完全通过该大桥的时间为132s,则列车的速度为多少m/s?坐在列车座位上的小明通过该大桥的时间是多少s?28.(7分)高速公路ETC收费系统是对过往车辆无需停车即能实现收费的电子系统.某高速入口ETC通道的感应识别区的长度是5m,即车辆芯片被识别的位置到通行杆的水平距离,该设备从识别车辆进入到完全抬杆需要1s时间.甲车以80km/h的车速匀速行驶15min,快到高速入口开始减速.(1)甲车15min匀速行驶的路程为多少km?(2)甲车能匀速顺利通过识别区的车速最高为多少km/h?(3)乙车以4m/s匀速进入识别区准备通行时,当车辆被ETC系统识别发出“滴”的声响时,发现因故障杆子没有抬起,于是及时采取刹车制动,该车的刹车距离为1.5m,司机反应时间为0.7s,请通过计算判断该车是否会撞到通行杆?。
浙江省宁波市2023—2024学年八年级上学期期末阶段性评估英语检测试卷(有答案)
A. Eight in the morning.B. Two in the afternoon.C. Six in the evening.Ⅲ. 听下面短文, 回答问题。
(5分)11. Who is most probably the speaker?A. A teacher.B. A parent.C. A guest.12. Which event is the speaker talking about?A. The sports meeting.B. The art festival.C. The coming exam.13. How many students do they need at least to take part in the group dancing?A. 8B. 16C. 1814. When do they have to hand in the name list?A. Before next Wednesday.B. Before next Thursday.C. Before next Friday.15. What is the most important about the event for students according to the speaker?A. To get a good prize.B. To relax and have fun.C. To save much time.试卷II笔试(共85分)Ⅳ.完形填空(共15小题,每小题1分,共15分)阅读下面短文,掌握大意,然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Having said goodbye to his parents, Alvin, with his wife Clare and son Alax set off back home. Still 16 , the couple talked happily. Little Alax, who is one year old,17 from time to time. The family were enjoying from the trip.But about three 18 later, things began to change. It was starting to snow. Alvin sped up the car, 19 to arrive home before dark. But it was too dangerous to drive 20 now. Because it was snowing more and more heavily. So Alvin had to slow down. The snow on the highway was getting deeper and deeper 21 it was hard to drive on it. Their car slipped (滑落) off the way and got stuck in the deep snow and the engine refused to start again.“The snow doesn’t seem to 22 . Shall we stay in the car waiting to be frozen to death or walk ahead through the snow?” Alvin asked. Clare said she preferred(更喜欢) to walk. So they 23 of the car with their son and began walking. But 24 was to come. Soon they lost their way and had to walk aimlessly(无目的地) on and on.25 came. They were not afraid of the dark.But they were 26 that poor Alax31. What TV shows does David like?A. Sitcoms.B. Cartoons. C News. D. Sports shows.32. What does John say about news?A. He can get much information from it.B. He thinks it is boring.C. He thinks it is exciting.D. He watches it when he is sad.33. Which of the following statements is true?A. Maria hardly laughs when she watches cartoons.B. John thinks sports shows are too serious.C. David feels excited when his favorite team wins.D. Both Maria and John like sitcoms.BNote-taking is a skill that can help you do well in all your schoolwork. It can make you confident when you are studying. Unluckily, many students don’t know how to take notes. Here are some ways to take notes.Write down key facts. If your teacher writes notes on the blackboard, that’s great. You can copy them or write down the most important facts in class. Different teachers do things differently. Some teachers may focus on lots of dates and facts in class, but they only write the important ones on the blackboard. Other teachers may not write anything down, but they may say something important over and over again.Ask. Don’t be afraid to ask your teacher to repeat what you miss. If your teacher speaks too fast and you can’t follow what he or she is saying, you can ask him or her after class.Compare. Comparing your notes with your classmates’ can be good for your learning. It can also help you and your classmates correct some mistakes.Organize. Note-taking also needs organization. Keep notes for each subject in one notebook, so that you can find everything easily when a test comes.34. How many ways of taking notes are mentioned?A. Three.B. Four.C. Five.D. Six.35. What should you write down in your notebook in class?A. Every word.B. The most important facts.C. Lots of dates.D. Most of the things you hear.36. Which way can help you correct mistakes in your notes?A. Organizing the notes.B. Asking your teachers for help.C. Recopying your notes after class.D. Comparing your notes with others’.37. What is the best title for the passage?A. How to take notes.B. How to study for a test.C. How to ask teachers for help.D. How to correct some mistakes.CA new study from Harvard University shows that female(女性的) doctors are a little better than their male colleagues(同事), but get paid less. Researchers looked at more than three million medical records. Around half of these (1.5 million) were hospitalizations(住院治疗), and the other half were for readmissions (再住院). The percentage of hospital patients who had to return to hospital, or who died, was lower(低的) if the doctor was female. Mortality rates (the number of people who died) were 15.02 percent and readmission rates were 11.07 percent for female doctors, compared(对比) with 15.57 percent mortality and 11.49 percent readmission rates for patients of male doctors.The researchers did not give a reason why women provided(提供) better care for patients than men.However, researcher Dr. Ashish Jha said that more patients may be saved in the USA every yearHe also said that it was wrong that men got paid more than women, especially because female doctorsdo better than male doctors.38. What does a new study from Harvard University show?A. It shows men doctors provide better care for patients than women doctors.B. It shows women doctors get paid more than men doctors.C. It shows women doctors are more welcomed by patients.D. It shows women doctors can do better in their work than their men colleagues.39. What were the morality rates in the medical records if the doctor was male?A. 15.02 percentB. 11.07 percentC. 15.57 percentD. 11.49 percent40. In Dr. Jha’s opinion, ______________________.A. It’s not right that men get paid more than womenB. men will be able to do as well as women in the near futureC. men doctors treat patients more nicely than women doctorsD. it is not suitable(合适的) for men to be doctors41. Which of the following sentences can be best put in in paragraph 2?A. if male doctors could do as well as female doctorsB. if there are more male doctors than female doctorsC. if female doctors are careful enoughD. if male doctors get paid moreDI asked my dad if I had ever made him cry because I couldn’t remember seeing him cry.“There was once,” he said.He told me that when I was one, he put a pen, a piece of paper money, and a toy in front of me.He wanted to see which one I would pick. It is a Chinese tradition and a lot of Chinese people dothat for their kids when they are one year old. According to this tradition, what the kid picksshows what he or she will value most when he or she grows up. If the kid takes the pen, .If the kid takes the money, . If the kid takes the toy, .My father was just doing it out of curiosity. It was interesting for him to see which one I’dpick. He said that I just sat there and stared at the three things. He sat across from me and waitedto see the results.According to him, I moved toward him and he held his breath. Then I pushed everythingaside and went right into his arms. He was completely shocked because he did not realize he wasone of the choices. And that was the first and only time I made him cry.42. Which is the right order of the missing sentences in the third paragraph?a. it means he or she will value money and become richb. it means he or she will be a smart personc. it means he or she will like fun things and play a lotA. abcB. acbC. bacD. cba43. Why did the father offer the three things for the child to pick ?A. To give the child some birthday presents.B. To test if the kid was healthy or not.C. To hope the child will become rich in the future.D. To do it out of curiosity and for fun.44. What did the writer choose at last?A. The pen.B. The paper money.C. The toy.D. His father.45. How did the father feel after his child made the choice?A. Angry.B. Moved.C. Interested.D. Upset.Ⅵ、任务型阅读(本题有5小题,每小题1分;共计5分)朋友是人生宝贵的财富,下面一些建议能帮助你交到朋友,请从以下选项中选出符合各段意思的小标题,其中有一项为多余选项,并完成第50题。
山东省潍坊诸城市实验初级中学2023-2024学年八年级上学期阶段性测试
初二语文学科阶段性学情反馈202310时间:100分钟总分:120分一、积累运用(18分)1.下列加点字的注音完全正确的一项是( )A.颁.发( bān)溃.退( kuì)刹.那(chà)悄.然不惊(qiāo)B.遗嘱.(zhǔ)泄.气(xiè)翘.首( qiào)一丝不苟.(gǒu)C.要塞.(sài)咆.哮(páo)娴.熟(xián)殚.精竭虑(dān)D.戾.天(l ì)飞漱.(shù)萋.萋(qī)千转.(zhuǎn)2.下面有关新闻的说法,有误的一项是( )A.一篇新闻的结构一般包括:标题、导语、主体、背景、结语。
B.新闻,从广义来讲,指消息、通讯、特写、报告文学等;从狭义来讲,专指消息。
C.新闻的特点:让事实说话,内容真实;报道迅速及时;语言形象,详尽生动。
D.新闻要及时、准确地报道国内外新近发生的有社会意义的事实。
3.给下面新闻拟写的标题最为恰当的一项是( )小麦条锈病(俗称“黄疸病”)对小麦来说是致命威胁,严重时甚至导致小麦大面积绝产。
日前,山东农业大学吴佳洁团队与四川农业大学刘登才团队、美国爱达荷大学付道林团队等合作,成功克隆了小麦抗条锈病基因YrAS2388(国际编号Yr28),从而为预防该病害流行提供了新的“基因疫苗”。
9月上旬,国际权威期刊《自然·通讯》在线发表了相关成果。
A.小麦条锈病是小麦的致命威胁。
B.合作才能成功取得成功。
C.基因疫苗有望攻克小麦“黄疸病”D.研究成果在国际权威期刊发表。
4.下列加点词解释全都正确的一项是( )A.夕日欲颓.(坠落) 鸢飞戾.天者(叫)但.少闲人如吾两人者耳(只是)B.不见曦.月(日光,文中指太阳) 从.流飘荡(跟、随)相与..步于中庭(共同,一起) C.未复有能与.其奇者(和) 良.多趣味(甚,很)蝉则千转.不穷(同“啭”,鸟鸣,文中指蝉鸣)D.四时俱.备(都) 夹岸高山,皆生寒树..(寒冷的树)念.无与为乐者(考虑,想到)5.下列有关文学常识的表述有误的一项是( )A.《三峡》选自《水经注疏》。
初二阶段性测试题及答案
初二阶段性测试题及答案一、单项选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 下列词语中加点字的读音完全正确的一项是()A. 恣意(zì)箴言(zhēn)拮据(jū)叱咤(chà)B. 缄默(jiān)剽悍(piāo)迸裂(bèng)恻隐(cè)C. 蹒跚(pán)踌躇(chú)缄默(jiān)箴言(zhēn)D. 拮据(jū)剽悍(piāo)恻隐(cè)迸裂(bèng)2. 下列词语中没有错别字的一项是()A. 恣意妄为拮据缄默叱咤风云B. 蹒跚学步踌躇满志缄默剽悍C. 恻隐之心迸裂蹒跚缄默D. 拮据剽悍恻隐踌躇3. 下列句子中加点成语使用正确的一项是()A. 他恣意妄为,不顾他人感受,结果遭到了大家的一致谴责。
B. 他虽然年纪轻轻,但已经剽悍异常,让人刮目相看。
C. 他恻隐之心,不忍看到别人受苦,总是尽力帮助他人。
D. 他踌躇满志,准备在新的岗位上大展宏图。
4. 下列句子中没有语病的一项是()A. 通过这次活动,使我们认识到团结协作的重要性。
B. 他虽然年轻,但已经剽悍异常,让人刮目相看。
C. 他恻隐之心,不忍看到别人受苦,总是尽力帮助他人。
D. 他踌躇满志,准备在新的岗位上大展宏图。
5. 下列句子中加点词语的解释正确的一项是()A. 恣意妄为:任意妄为,没有节制。
B. 剽悍:形容人性格温和,容易相处。
C. 恻隐:形容人心情愉快,心情舒畅。
D. 踌躇:形容人犹豫不决,拿不定主意。
6. 下列句子中加点词语的解释不正确的一项是()A. 拮据:形容经济困难,生活拮据。
B. 缄默:形容人沉默不语,不发表意见。
C. 蹒跚:形容人走路不稳,摇摇晃晃。
D. 箴言:形容人说话直率,直言不讳。
7. 下列句子中加点词语的解释正确的一项是()A. 恣意妄为:任意妄为,没有节制。
B. 剽悍:形容人性格温和,容易相处。
C. 恻隐:形容人心情愉快,心情舒畅。
八年级阶段性质量检测数学试卷(含答案)
八年级阶段性质量检测数学试卷一.选择题(每小题3分,共30分)1.在下列长度的三条线段中,不能组成三角形的是()A.2cm,3cm,4cm B.3cm,6cm,6cmC.2cm,2cm,6cm D.5cm,6cm,7cm2.下列四个图形中,线段BE是△ABC的高的是()A B CD3.如图,B处在A的南偏西38°方向,C处在A处的南偏东22°方向,C处在B处的北偏东78°方向,则∠ACB的度数是()A.80°B.75°C.70°D.65°4.如图是两个全等三角形,图中的字母表示三角形的边长,则∠1等于()A.60°B.54°C.56°D.66°第4题图第5题图5.如图,把长短确定的两根木棍AB、AC的一端固定在A 处,和第三根木棍BM摆出△ABC,木棍AB固定,木棍AC绕A转动,得到△ABD,这个实验说明()A.△ABC与△ABD不全等B.有两边分别相等的两个三角形不一定全等C.两边和它们的夹角分别相等的两个三角形全等D.有两边和其中一边的对角分别相等的两个三角形不一定全等6.一个多边形内角和是1080°,则这个多边形是()A.六边形B.七边形C.八边形D.九边形7.如图,OP为∠AOB的角平分线,PC⊥OA于C,PD⊥OB于D,则下列结论中错误的是()A.∠COP=∠DOP B.PC=PD C.OC=ODD.∠CPD=2∠COD8.如图,AB⊥BF,ED⊥BF,CD=CB,判定△EDC≌△ABC的理由是()A.ASA B.SAS C.SSS D.HL第7题第8题第10题9.在△ABC中,AB=4,AC=6,则BC边上的中线AD的取值范围是()A.1<AD<5 B.4<AD<6 C.2<AD<10 D.3<AD<6 10.如图,已知线段AB=20米,MA⊥AB于点A,MA=6米,射线BD⊥AB于B,P点从B点向A运动,每秒走1米,Q 点从B点向D运动,每秒走3米,P、Q同时从B出发,则出发x秒后,在线段MA上有一点C,使△CAP与△PBQ全等,则x的值为()A.5 B.5或10 C.10 D.6或10二.填空题(每小题3分,共18分)11.等腰三角形的两边长分别为5cm、11cm,则这个等腰三角形的周长为cm.12.已知三角形的三边分别为2,a﹣1,4,那么a的取值范围是.13.若n边形的每个内角都等于150°,则n=.14.如图所示,∠A+∠B+∠C+∠D+∠E=.15.在△ABC中,∠A=50°,BD、CE为高,直线BD、CE 交于点H,则∠BHC=.16.如图,已知:四边形ABCD中,对角线BD平分∠ABC,∠DCB=117°,∠ABC=50°,∠BAD+∠CAD=180°,那么∠DAC的度数为度.第14题图第16题图三.解答题(共8小题)17.(8分)△ABC中,∠B=∠C+10°,∠A=∠B+10°,求△ABC的各内角的度数.18.(8分)已知AD是△ABC的高,∠BAD=70°,∠CAD=20°,求∠BAC的度数.19.(8分)如图,点B、E、C、F在同一条直线上,AB=DE,AC=DF,BE=CF,求证:AB∥DE.20.(8分)已知:如图,AC=BD,AD⊥AC,BC⊥BD.求证:AD=BC.21.(8分)如图,△ABC顶点的坐标分别为A(1,﹣1)、B(3,﹣1)、C(4,1).(1)将△ABC向上平移1个单位,再向左平移1个单位,请画出平移后得到的△A1B1C1并写出点A1、B1、C1的坐标;(2)若△A1B1C1与△A1B1D全等(D点与C1不重合),直接写出点D的坐标.22.(10分)如图,△ABC中,D是BC延长线上一点,满足CD=AB,过点C作CE∥AB且CE=BC,连接DE并延长,分别交AC、AB于点F、G.(1)求证:△ABC≌△DCE;(2)若∠B=50°,∠D=22°,求∠AFG的度数.23.(10分)已知在△ABC中,AB=AC,点D为△ABC左侧一动点,如图所示,点E在BD的延长线上,CD交AB于F,且∠BDC=∠BAC.(1)求证:∠ABD=∠ACD;(2)求证:AD平分∠CDE;(3)若在D点运动的过程中,始终有DC=DA+DB,在此过程中,∠BAC的度数是否变化?如果变化,请说明理由;如果不变,请求出∠BAC的度数.(说明:三边相等的三角形的每个内角均为60°)24.(12分)已知△ABC中,∠ABC=90゜,AB=BC,点A、B分别是x轴和y轴上的一动点.(1)如图1,若点C的横坐标为﹣4,求点B的坐标;(2)如图2,BC交x轴于D,若点C的纵坐标为3,A(5,0),求D点坐标;(3)如图3,在平面直角坐标系中,分别以OB、AB为直角边在第三、四象限作等腰Rt△OBF(OB=BF,∠OBF=90゜)和等腰Rt △ABE (AB =BE ,∠ABE =90゜),EF 交y 轴于点M ,求BEMABOSS ∆∆的值.参考答案一.选择题CCADD CDAAA二.填空题(共6小题)11.2712.故答案为:3<a<7.13.故答案为:十二.14.故答案为:180°.15.故答案为:130°或50°16.故答案为:52.三.解答题(共17小题)17.【解答】解:由题意:,解得∠A=70°,∠B=60°,∠C=50°.18.【解答】解:①如图1,当高AD在△ABC的内部时,∠BAC=∠BAD+∠CAD=70°+20°=90°;②如图2,当高AD在△ABC的外部时,∠BAC=∠BAD﹣∠CAD=70°﹣20°=50°,综上所述,∠BAC的度数为90°或50°.19.【解答】证明:∵BE=CF,∴BC=EF,在△ABC与△DEF中,,∴△ABC≌△DEF(SSS),∴∠ABC=∠DEF,∴AB∥DE.20.【解答】证明:连接DC,∵AD⊥AC,BC⊥BD,∴∠A=∠B=90°,在Rt△ADC和Rt△BCD中,∴Rt△ADC≌Rt△BCD(HL),∴AD=BC.21.【解答】解:(1)如图,则A1(0,0)、B1(2,0)、C1(3,2);(2)如图所示,D(﹣1,2)或(﹣1,﹣2)或(3,﹣2).22.【解答】(1)证明:∵CE∥AB,∴∠B=∠DCE,在△ABC与△DCE中,BC=CE,∠ABC=∠DCE,BA=CD,∴△ABC≌△DCE(SAS);(2)解:∵△ABC≌△DCE,∠B=50°,∠D=22°,∠ECD=∠B=50°,∠A=∠D=22°,∵CE∥AB,∴∠ACE=∠A=22°,∵∠CED=180°-∠D-∠ECD=108°,∴∠AFG=∠DFC=∠CED-∠ACE=108°-22°=86°.23.【解答】证明:(1)∵∠BDC=∠BAC,∠BFD=∠AFC,∴∠ABD=∠ACD;(2)如图1,过点A作AM⊥CD于点M,作AN⊥BE于点N.则∠AMC=∠ANB=90°.在△AMC和△ANB中∵∠AMC=∠ANB,∠ACM=∠ABN,AC=AB,∴△AMC≌△ANB(AAS),∴AM=AN.∴AD平分∠CDE(到角的两边距离相等的点在角的平分线上);(3)如图2,∠BAC的度数不变化;在CD上截取CP=DB,连接AP.∵CD=DA+DB=PD+CP,∴AD=PD.∵AB=AC,∠ABD=∠ACD,BD=CP,∴△ABD≌△ACP(SAS).∴AD=AP,∠BAD=∠CAP.∴AD=AP=PD,即△ADP是等边三角形,∴∠DAP=60°.∴∠BAC=∠BAP+∠CAP=∠BAP+∠BAD=60°.24.【解答】解:(1)如图1,作CM⊥y轴于M,则CM=4,∵∠ABC =∠AOB =90゜,∴∠CBM +∠ABO =90°,∠ABO +∠BAO =90°,∴∠CBM =∠BAO ,在△BCM 和△ABO 中∵∠BMC =∠AOB ,∠CBM =∠BAO ,BC =AB ,∴△BCM ≌△ABO (AAS ),∴OB =CM =4,∴B (0,﹣4).(2)如图2,作CM ⊥y 轴于M ,∵∠CBO +∠OBA =∠CBA =90°,∠OBA +∠BAO =90°,∴∠CBM =∠BAO ,在△CMB 和△BOA 中,∵∠CMO =∠BOA =90°,∠CBM =∠BAO ,BC =AB ,,∴△CMB ≌△BOA (AAS ),∴CM =BO ,AO =BM ,∵点C 的纵坐标为3,A (5,0),∴MO =3,OA =BM =5,∴CM =BO =BM ﹣MO =5﹣3=2,∴C (﹣2,3),B (0,﹣2), 易得BC 的解析式为:y =﹣52x ﹣2,当y =0时,﹣52x ﹣2=0,x =﹣45,故点D 的坐标为(﹣45,0).(3)如图3,作EN ⊥y 轴于N ,∵∠ENB =∠BOA =∠ABE =90°,∴∠OBA +∠NBE =90°,∠OBA +∠OAB =90°,∴∠NBE =∠BAO ,在△ABO 和△BEN 中∠AOB =∠BE ,∠BAO =∠NBE ,AB =BE ,∴△ABO ≌△BEN (AAS ),∴△ABO 的面积=△BEN 的面积,OB =NE =BF ,∵∠OBF =∠FBM =∠BNE =90°,∴在△BFM 和△NEM 中∠FMB =∠EMN ,∠FBM =∠ENM ,BF =NE ,∴△BFM ≌△NEM (AAS ),∴BM =NM ,∵△BME 边BM 上的高和△NME 的边MN 上的高相等,∴S △MEN =S △BEM =12S △BEN =12S △ABO , 即12BEM ABO S S ∆∆=.。
安徽省合肥市蜀山区琥珀教育集团2023-2024学年八年级下学期期中数学试题(含答案)
2023-2024学年度第二学期阶段性质量检测八年级数学试题卷(满分:100分 时间:100分钟)一、单选题(本大题共10小题,每小题3分,共30分)1.下列根式中不是最简二次根式的是()ABCD2.下列3个数能成为勾股数的是( )A .B .C .D .3.下列各式中,正确的是( )AB .CD4.将方程左边配成完全平方式,得到的方程是( )A .B .C .D .5的运算结果应在( )A .1到2之间B.2到3之间C .3到4之间D .4到5之间6.关于的一元二次方程的根的情况是()A .有两个不相等的实数根B .没有实数根C .有两个相等的实数根D .总有实数根7.如图,梯子靠在墙上,梯子的底端A 到墙根O 的距离为,梯子的顶端B 到地面的距离为,现将梯子的底端向外移动到,使梯子的底端到墙根O 的距离等于.同时梯子的顶端B 下降至,那么( )第7题图A .小于B .大于C .等于D .小于或等于8.在“双减政策”的推动下,某校学生课后作业时长有了明显的减少,去年上半年平均每周作业时长为分钟,经过去年下半年和今年上半年两次整改后,现在平均每周作业时长比去年上半年减少了,设每半年平均每周作业时长的下降率为,则可列方程( )6,8,97,15,175,12,135=-5=-5=±5=±2630x x -+=()233x -=-()236x -=()233x -=()2312x -=x ()210x k x k ---=AB 5m 12m A A 'A '6m B 'BB '1m 1m 1m 1mm 60%xA .B .C .D .9.关于的一元二次方程的两根为,记,,则的值为( )A .0B .2023C .2024D .202510.如图,在四边形ABCD 中,以A 为圆心,任意长为半径画弧,交AB ,AD 于点F ,G ,再分别以点F ,G为圆心,以大于的长为半径画弧,两弧交于点H ,作射线AH 交BC 于点,连接,若,且,则的长为( )第10题图A .5B .C .D .二、填空题(本大题共6小题,每小题3分,满分18分)11中的取值范围是______.12.当______时,代数式与的值互为倒数.13.已知满足等式,则______.14是同类二次根式,则______.15.如图是我市将要开发的一块长方形土地,长为,宽为,建筑开发商将这块土地分成甲、乙、丙三部分,其中甲和乙均为正方形,现计划甲地建住宅区,乙地建商业区,丙地开辟成小区公园.若已知丙地的面积为,则的值是______.第15题图()2160%m x m-=()2160%m x m +=()2140%m x m-=()240%1x m m +=x 20ax bx c ++=12,x x 1122024M x x =+22212122024,,2024n n n M x x M x x =+⋅⋅⋅=+202520242023aM bM cM ++12FG E DE AD BC ∥7,4,AD BC AB CD DE =====AE x x =1x +1x -,a b 2440a a +++=2a b +=n =km x 3km 22km x16.如图,在Rt 中,,动点从点出发沿射线运动,当为等腰三角形时,其底边的长为______.第16题图三、解答题(共52分)17.(6分)计算:(1(2)18.(6分)解方程:(1)(2)19.(7分)已知关于的一元二次方程(1)求证:无论取何值时,方程都有两个不相等的实数根;(2)设该方程的两个实数根为,若,求的值.20.(7分)如图,D 为AB 上一点,,试判断的形状,并说明理由.21.(8分)请阅读下面的过程,完成相应的题目:1.(1______;(2)设分别是的整数部分和小数部分,则______,______;(3)在(2)的条件下,若已知为有理数,且,求的值.22.(8分)校车安全是近几年社会关注的热点问题之一,安全隐患主要是超速和超载,某中学八年级数学活动小组进行了测试汽车速度的实验.如图所示,现在笔直的公路旁取一点A ,在公路上确定点B ,C ,ACB △90,10,6ACB AB AC ∠=︒==P B BC APB △)(215-+2280x x --=()433x x x -+=x ()22210x m x m m -+++=m ,a b ()()2220a b a b ++=m 222,ACE BCD AD DB DE +=△≌△ABC △12,<< 1-m n 、5-m =n =,a b 21amn bn +=2a b +l l使得,再在AC 上确定点D ,使得,测得米,已知本路段对校车限速是50千米/时,若测得某校车从B 到C 匀速行驶用时10)(1)求点D 到线段AB 的距离(结果保留整数);(2)利用(1)中的结果,请通过计算判断这辆车在本路段是否超速?23.(10分)在丝绸博览会期间,某公司展销如图所示的长方形工艺品,该工艺品长,宽,中间镶有宽度相同的丝绸条带.(1)若丝绸条带的面积为,求丝绸条带的宽度;(2)已知该工艺品的成本是40元/件,如果以单价为100元销售,那么每天可售出200件,另外每天除工艺品的成本外所需支付的各种费用是2000元,根据销售经验,如果将销售单价每降低1元,每天可多售出20件,请问该公司每天把销售单价定为多少元时,当日所获利润为22500元?,60AC l BAC ⊥∠=︒75BDC ∠=︒40AD = 1.73≈60cm 40cm 2650cm2023-2024学年度第二学期阶段性质量检测八年级数学参考答案一、选择题1-5 CDBBC 6-10 DACAC二、填空题11. 12.13.-1 14.-1 15.4或5 16.16或或10三、解答题17.(1)解:原式(2)解:原式18.(1)解:∴或 (2)解:,,,该方程没有实数根19.(1)证明:无论取何值时,方程都有两个不相等的实数根.(2)由韦达定理得:,,,,,化简得:或120.解:是等腰直角三角形.理由如下:,,,,,且是等腰直角三角形.21.(1)5(2);32x ≤=+=5128=-++=-()()420x x -+=40x -=20x +=124,2x x ∴==-2433x x x -+=24430x x -+=4,4,3a b c ==-= ()2244443320b ac ∴-=--⨯⨯=-<∴()()2224214b ac m m m ⎡⎤∆=-=-+-+⎣⎦ 224414410m m m m =++--=>∴m 221,a b m ab m m +=+=+()()2220a b a b ++= 2225220a ab b ∴++=()222220a ab b ab ∴+++=()2220a b ab ∴++=()2222120m m m ∴+++=220m m +-=2m ∴=-ABC △ACE BCD △≌△,,AC BC EAC B AE BD ∴=∠=∠=222AD DB DE += 22290AD AE DE EAD ∴+=∴∠=︒9090EAC DAC DAC B ∴∠+∠=︒∴∠+∠=︒()18090ACB DAC B ∴∠=︒-∠+∠=︒AC BC=ABC ∴△2m =3n =(3)由题可得:,,为有理数解得:..22.(1)过D 作于E ,,Rt 中,.到线段得距离为35米.(2)平分,中车速为(米/秒)12.975米/秒千米/时50千米/时.答:这辆车在本路段未超速.23.(1)设丝绸条带的宽度为,根据题意得:解得.时,(舍去)答:丝绸条带的宽度为.((22331a b +=6161a b ∴-+-=(616261a b a b ∴+-+=,a b 260,6161a b a b ∴+=+=31,22a b ==-522a b ∴+=DE AB ⊥90,60DEA BAC ∴∠=︒∠=︒ 9030ADE BAC ∴∠=︒-∠=︒∴ADE △1202AE AD ==20 1.7335DE ∴===≈⨯≈D ∴AB 75,BDC AC l∠=︒⊥ 90,9030BCD ABC BAC ∴∠=︒∠=︒-∠=︒9015CBD BDC ∠=︒-∠=︒12CBD ABC ∴∠=∠BD ∴ABC ∠,DE AB DC l⊥⊥ 35CD DE ∴==403575AC ∴=+=Rt ABC ∴△2150AB AC ==BC ∴===∴1012.975÷=≈46.71=<cm x ()()602406040650x x --=⨯-125,65x x ==65x =40250x -=-<5cm(2)设每件工艺品降价y 元销售,根据题意得:解得:售价为(元)答:当销售单价定为75元时,当日获利22500元.()()1004020020200022500y y --+-=1225y y ==1002575-=。
河北省张家口市宣化区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期中阶段性检测(冀教版)数学试卷(含答案)
宣化区2023—2024学年度第一学期阶段性检测八年级数学试卷(冀教版)(考试时间为90分钟,满分为100分)一、选择题:(本大题有14个小题,1-6小题每题3分,7-14小题每题2分,共34分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)1.下列各组中的两个图形属于全等图形的是()A. B.C. D.2.等于()A.4- B.4C.4± D.2563.如图,将OAB 绕点O 逆时针旋转到OA B '' ,点B 恰好落在边A B ''上.已知4,1AB cm BB cm '==,则A B '的长是()A.1cmB.2cmC.3cmD.4cm4.约分32262x y x y的结果是()A.3xB.3xyC.23xy D.23x y5.下列变形不正确的是()A.1122x xx x+-=--- B.b a a bc c--+=-C.a b a bm m-+-=- D.22112323x x x x--=---6.下列命题正确的有()①4的平方根是2;②π是无理数;③()23-的平方根是3-;④()34-的立方根是4-;⑤0.1-是0.001的一个立方根.A.2个B.3个C.4个D.5个7.根据下列已知条件,能唯一画出ABC 的是()A.3,4,8AB BC AC === B.4,3,30AB BC A ==∠= C.60,45,4A B AB ∠=∠== D.90,6C AB ∠== 8.对于分式1aa +,下列叙述正确的是()A.当0a =时,分式无意义B.存在a 的值,使分式1aa +的值为1C.当1a =-时,分式值为0D.当1a ≠-时,分式有意义9.如图,点C 在AOB ∠的OB 边上,用尺规作出了CN OA ∥,连接EN ,作图痕迹中,ODM CEN ≅ 根据的是()A.SASB.SSSC.ASAD.AAS10.下列命题的逆命题是假命题的是()A.若0=,则0a b +=B.若a b =,则22a b =C.直角三角形的两锐角互余D.全等三角形的三组对应边相等11.如图,,,,A B C D 是四个村庄,,,B D C 在一条东西走向公路的沿线上,1BD km =,1DC km =,村庄A 和C ,A 和D 间也有公路相连,且公路AD 是南北走向,3AC km =,只有A 和B 之间由于间隔了一个小湖,无直接相连的公路.现决定在湖面上造一座桥,测得 1.2,0.7AE km BF km ==,则建造的桥长至少为()A.1.2kmB.1.1kmC.1kmD.0.7km12.小明在纸上书写了一个正确的演算过程,同桌小亮一不小心撕坏了一角,如图所示,则撕坏的一角中“”为()A.14a - B.41a + C.14a- D.11a -+13.如图,在正方形ABCD 中,4,AB E =为AB 边上一点,点F 在BC 边上,且1BF =,将点E 绕着点F 顺时针旋转90 ,得到点G ,连接DG ,则DG 的最小值为()A.2B. C.3 D.14.《九章算术》中记录的一道题译为白话文是:把一封信件用慢马送到1000里外的城市,需要的时间比规定时间多2天;若用快马送,所需的时间比规定时间少3天,已知快马的速度是慢马的2倍.小明认为规定的时间为7天,小亮认为规定的时间为8天,关于两个人的观点,下列说法正确的是()A.小明的观点正确 B.小亮的观点正确C.两人观点都不正确D.无法确定二、填空题:(本大题共6个小题,每小题3分,共18分.把答案写在题中横线上)15.若分式52x x +-的值为零,则x 为__________.16.分式22m m n -和33nm n+的最简公分母为__________.17.已知9999909911,99a b ==,则a 与b 的大小关系为__________.18.已知ABC 和11111111,30,5;3A C B B B AB A B AC A C ∠=∠=====,已知C n ∠= ,则1C ∠=__________.19.关于x 的分式方程1322x m x x++=--有增根,则m =__________.20.如图,在数轴上竖直摆放一个直径为4个单位长度的半圆,A 是半圆上的中点,半圆直径的一个端点位于原点O .该半圆沿数轴从原点O 开始向右无滑动滚动,当点A 第一次落在数轴上时,此时点A 表示的数为__________.三、解答题:(本大题共6个小题,共48分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)21.计算:(本小题满分8分)对于分式方程22333x x x-+=--,牛牛的解法如下:解:方程两边同乘()3x -,得()2323x x -+=--去括号,得2326x x -+=-+解得1x =∴原方程的解为1x =(1)上述解答过程中,从哪一步开始错误__________(填序号);(2)请写出正确的解答过程.22.(本小题满分8分)如图,池塘两端A B 、的距离无法直接测量,请同学们设计测量A B 、之间距离的方案.小明设计的方案如图所示:他先在平地上选取一个可以直接到达A B 、的点O ,然后连接AO 和BO ,接着分别延长AO 和BO 并且使,CO AO DO BO ==,最后连接CD ,测出CD 的长即可.你认为以上方案可行吗?若可行,请说明理由.23.(本小题满分8分)小明和小强一起做分式的游戏,如图所示,他们面前各有三张牌(互相可以看到对方的牌),两人各自任选两张牌分别做分子和分母,组成一个分式,然后两人均取一个相同的x 值,再计算分式的值,值大者为胜.为使分式有意义,他们约定x 是大于3的正整数.小明的牌:1x +2x +3x +小强的牌:1x -2x -3x -(1)小明组成的分式中值最大的分式是__________,小强组成的分式中值最大的分式是__________;(2)小强思考了一下,哈哈一笑,说:“虽然我是三张带减号的牌,但最终我一定是胜者”;小强说的有道理吗?请你通过计算说明.24.(本小题满分8分)问题背景:如图1,在四边形ABCD 中,,120,90,,AB AD BAD B ADC E F =∠=∠=∠= 分别是,BC CD 上的点,且60EAF ∠= ,探究图中线段,,BE EF FD 之间的数量关系.小王同学探究此问题的方法是,延长FD 到点G .使DG BE =.连接AG ,先证明ABE ADG ≅ ,再证明AEF AGF ≅ ,可得出结论,他的结论应是____________________;探索延伸:如图2,若在四边形ABCD 中,,180,,AB AD B D E F =∠+∠= 分别是,BC CD 上的点,且12EAF BAD ∠=∠,上述结论是否仍然成立?若成立请说明理由.图1图225.(本小题满分8分)暑假期间,部分家长组织学生到户外游学实践活动,一名家长带一名学生.现有甲、乙两家游学机构,其报价相同,每位学生的报价比家长少20元.按报价计算,家长的总费用为50000元,学生的总费用为48000元.(1)请利用分式方程求家长和学生报价分别是每位多少元?(2)经协商,甲机构的优惠条件:家长全价,学生都按七五折收费;乙机构的优惠条件:家长和学生均按m (m 为整数)折收费,结果他们选择了总费用较少的乙机构,求m 的最大值.26.(本小题满分8分)点A B 、在数轴上分别表示有理数,a b A B 、、两点之间的距离表示为AB ,在数轴上A B 、两点之间的距离AB a b =-.已知数轴上两点A B 、对应的数分别为1-、3,点P 为数轴上一动点,其对应的数为x .(1),A B 两点之间的距离是__________;(2)设点P 在数轴上表示的数为x ,则x 与4-之间的距离表示为__________;(3)若点P 到点A 、点B 的距离相等,则点P 对应的数为__________;(4)数轴上是否存在点P ,使点P 到点A 、点B 的距离之和为8?若存在,请直接写出x 的值;若不存在,说明理由.宣化区2023-2024学年度第一学期阶段性检测八年级数学试卷(冀教版)参考答案一、选择题:题号1234567答案D B C B A A C 题号891011121314答案DBBBACB二、填空题:题号151617181920答案5-3()()m n m n +-相等n ︒或180n ︒-︒1-4π+三、解答题:21.(1)①;………………………3分(2)52……………………8分22.解:SAS 证全等………………8分23.(1)解:小明:31x x ++,小强:13x x --……………………4分(2)解:小强说的有道理,理由如下:∵13(1)(1)(3)(3)831(3)(1)(1)(3)(1)(3)x x x x x x x x x x x x x x -+-++--=-=-+-++-+-,当x 是大于3的正整数时,∴80(1)(3)x x >+-,∴1331x x x x -+>-+,故小强说的有道理.…………………8分24.(1)解:EF BE FD =+.…………………2分探索延伸:EF BE FD =+仍然成立.理由:如图2,延长FD 到点G ,使DG BE =,连接AG 先证()ABE ADG SAS ≅ ,再证EAF GAF ∠=∠.从而()AEF AGF SAS ≅ ,∴EF FG =,又∵FG DG DF BE DF =+=+,∴EF BE FD =+.……………………8分图225.(1)解:设家长的报价为x 元,学生的报价为()20x -元,由题意得:500004800020x x =-,经检验,500x =是分式方程的解,答:家长的报价为500元,学生的报价为480元;……………………5分(2)由题意得:(5000048000)50000480000.7510m+⨯<+⨯,解得:38849m <,∵m 为正整数,∴m 的最大值为8.……………………8分26.(1)4;……………………2分(2)4x +;……………………4分(3)1……………………6分(4)3-或5…………………8分。
2022-2023学年度春学期阶段性测试初二数学试卷
2022-2023学年度春学期阶段性测试初二数学试题一、选择题(每小题3分,共24分)1、在下列方程中,一元二次方程的是 ( ) ①3x 2+7=0 ②ax 2+bx+c=0 ③(x-2)(x+5)=x 2-1 ④3x 2-5x=0 A 、1个 B 、2个 C 、3个 D 、4个2、已知⊙O 的半径为5cm ,点P 在⊙O 内,则OP 不可能等于 ( )A.2cmB.2.5cmC.3cmD.5cm3、一元二次方程x 2﹣4x +6=0的根的情况是 ( )A 、有两个不相等的实数根B 、有两个相等的实数根C 、只有一个实数根D 、没有实数根4、如果两个圆心角相等,那么 ( )A 、这两个圆心角所对的弦相等;B 、这两个圆心角所对的弧相等C 、这两个圆心角所对的弦的弦心距相等;D 、以上说法都不对5、某商品经过两次降价,由每件100元调到81元,则平均每次降价的百分率是( )A 、8.5%B 、9%C 、9.5D 、10%6、下列命题正确的是 ( )A 、三点确定一个圆B 、三角形的外接圆有且只有一个C 、四边形都有外接圆D 、圆有且只有一个内接三角形7、已知⊙O 的半径为4,直线l 上有一点P 满足PO=4,则直线l 与⊙O 的位置关系是:A .相切B .相离C .相离或相切D .相切或相交 ( )8、如果关于x 的一元二次方程01122=++-x k kx 有两个不相等的实数根,那么k 的取值范围是 ( )A 、k <21B 、k <21且k ≠0C 、-21≤k <21D 、-21≤k <21且k ≠0 二、填空题(每小题3分,共24分) 9、已知x=2是关于x 的方程x 2﹣3x ﹣m=0的一个根,则m= .10、直角三角形的两直角边长分别为6和8,那么这个三角形的外接圆半径等于 。
11、若一元二次方程x 2+2x +m =0无实数解,则m 的取值范围是12、已知圆弧的半径为50厘米,圆心角为60°,则圆弧的长度= 。
初二年级阶段性测试
初二期中语文试题一、语文知识积累与运用:(27分)1、下列加点字注音正确的一项()(2分)A、蟠.龙(pán)奔丧.(sāng)取缔.(tì)大煞.风景(shà)B、伛.偻(yǔ)滞.笨(zhì)震悚.(shǒng)长途跋涉.(shē)C、阔绰.(chuò)祈.盼(qǐ)诘.问(jiã)前瞻.后顾(zhān)D、眸.子(móu)癖.好(pǐ)匀称.(chân)惟妙惟肖.(xiào)2、下列词语书写正确的一项()(2分)A、伧俗帷幕因地治宜情郁于中B、伎俩萦绕大廷广众重峦叠障C、鳌头嶙峋巧妙绝伦穷愁潦倒D、烦燥狼籍鸣钟击磬连声诺诺3、下列句子加点成语使用错误的一项()(2分)A、一个很大很大的困难,除以13亿,就会变得微不足道....;一个很小很小的爱心,乘以13亿,就会聚成爱的海洋。
B、这座寺庙经过数月的修缮,如今已整修完毕。
整座庙宇看上去古朴庄严,惟.妙惟肖...。
C、李东真是别出心裁....,制作的航船模型与众不同,令人叫绝。
D、在大庭广众之下,我很尴尬,只能低眉顺眼....,我是微不足道的,没有人注意到我,这令我更加难受。
4、下面句子中没有语病的一项是()(2分)A、在合作学习的过程中,养成主动交流的习惯,是取得进步的一个重要因素。
B、最新调查表明,我国大约有72﹪左右的青少年认为"诚实守信"是做人的基本准则。
C、我们在学习上即使取得了很大的成绩,但绝不能骄傲自满。
D、各级政府积极采取措施,加强校园安保工作,防止校园安全事故不再发生。
5、下列句子与上文衔接最恰当的一项是()(2分)人们喜爱竹子,因为它体现了一种美好的品格:它用淡薄豁达的胸襟面对自身的平凡朴实,它用感恩眷恋的情怀回报土地的宽厚无私,。
A.它顽强执著地对抗着漫天雪雨风霜的世界B.它对抗世间的雪雨风霜总是那么顽强执着C.它用顽强执著的精神对抗雪雨风霜的世界D.它用顽强执著的精神抗击世间的雪雨风霜6、名著品读:(2分)(1)他是一个“坚决、沉默、而又有生气”的上等车夫,为了争取起码的上等权利,奋斗、挣扎,最终走上了一条自我毁灭的道路。
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初二阶段性测试(考试时间:60分钟总分:100分)姓名:成绩:一、单项选择。
(每题1分,共20分)( ) 1. ---___________? ---I have a bad cold.A. How are youB. What’s the matterC. How often do you come hereD. Why did you go( ) 2. ---It’s about a ___________bus ride from here to your city.A. 2 hour’sB.2-hours’C. 2-hoursD. 2 hours’( ) 3. ---You don’t do any running, do you? ---No, I _________, but now I _________climbing mountains to keep fit. A. used to; am used to B. am used to; used toC. was used to; used toD. used to; used to( ) 4. ---I think you should ___________smoking. It’s bad for your health.A. grow upB. pick upC. give upD. set up( ) 5. ---There is something ___________with you. You’d better have a rest.A. rightB. wrongC. easyD. happy( ) 6. ---You must ___________ yourself and ___________.A. look for; keep healthyB. look after; stay healthierC. look out; stay healthyD. look after; keep healthy( ) 7. Sally volunteered _____________ a veterinarian(兽医)to help the sick animals in the zoo.A. beB. beingC. to beD. to being( ) 8. ---What are you packing so many books for, Grandma? ---I’ll _____________ to the kids in West China.A. give them upB. give them awayC. give them offD. give them in( ) 9. Many children are left alone in the countryside. Let’s try our best _____________them. A. help B. helping C. to help D. helps( ) 10. Finish your homework first, then you’ll _____________watch TV for an hour. A. can B. be able to C. able D. could( ) 11. ---I’d like to help kids with their homework. ---You _____________volunteer in an_____________ study program.A.could; after-schoolB. could; after schoolC. must; after schoolD. must; after-school( ) 12. ---I have some _____________ in learning English and I’m so worried. Could you help me with it? ---Sure, I’d love to.A. joyB. interestC. kindnessD. difficulties( ) 13. After practicing for _____________ months, I can swim much faster now.A. severalB. muchC. fewD. little( ) 14. ---______________ I try on those shoes in the window? ---______________ . They are just on show.A. Could; Yes, you canB. Can; Sorry, you couldn’tC. Could; Sorry, you can’tD. Can; Yes, you could( ) 15. ---______________Look at the young lady in red. Is it Mrs. King?---No, it______________ be her. She is wearing a white dress today?A. canB. mayC. mustD. can’t( ) 16. ---______________I take some photos in the hall? ---No, you______.A. Can; needn’tB. Must; mustn’tC. Could; won’tD. May; mustn’t( ) 17. ---Must I go to medical school and be a doctor like you, Dad? ----No, you______________, son. You’re free to make your own decision.A. can’tB. mustn’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t( ) 18. ---May I ______________your Chinese- English dictionary? ---Sorry, I ________ it at home.A. borrow; forgotB. lend; leftC. lend; forgotD. borrow; left( ) 19. ---Do you like communicating with your friends on QQ or MSN? ---______________. I’d like______________the mobile phone.A. Either; useB. Neither; useC. Both; not to useD. Neither; to use( ) 20. ---Mike, could I use your computer? ---Sorry, I’m going to_________it. A. put onB. go onC. live onD. work on二、完形填空。
(每题1.5分,共15分)Jimmy is a schoolboy. He likes old bikes very much.He ___1__ all his money ___2_old bikes. He also ____3__ some signs __4__old bikes and called __5___all his friends and told them about this problem.He even____6__ advertisements at a local supermarket.Then his teachers and classmates knew this and they wanted to help him.They ___7__ a call-in center for people who wants to ___8_ Jimmy.The strategies that he came up with __9__ fine. He now has sixteen bikes __10_ and give away to children who don’t have bikes. He is very happy now.( ) 21.A.ran out B. ran out of C.give out D. put out( )22.A.bought B.ran out of C.give out D.put out( )23.A.put up B.buy C.to buy D.for buying( ) 24.A.ask to B. ask for C. to ask about D.asking for( )25.A.to B.up C. with D.on( )26.A. handed in B.handed out C.gives away D.given out( )27.A.built B.made C.start D.set up( )28. take after B.put off C.cheer up D.clean up( )29.A.working on B.working out C.worked out D.to work on( ) 30.A.fix up B.repair up C.fixing up D.to fix up三、阅读理解(每小题2 分,共 30分)AIt’s important for us to be healthy. But how can we keep healthy? First,you should eat fruit and vegetables three or four times a week. Then eat some tofu every day because it’s good for people, b oth the young and the old. Milk is also necessary(必要的),especially for women. So you should have milk twice a day. It can help you to be strong. Next, doing more exercise is better. You can do morning exercises or evening exercises. After supper you should take a walk.( ) 31. You should eat_______ three or four times a week.A. fruit and fishB. vegetables and muttonC. tofuD. fruit and vegetables( ) 32. Tofu is good for ______.A. young peopleB. old peopleC. young and old peopleD. students( ) 33. Why do people have milk?A. It’s delicious.B. It’s a kind of drink.C. It’s bad for you.D. It can help you keep strong. ( ) 34. You should have milk .A. four times a dayB. five times a weekC. twice a dayD. twice a week( ) 35. The passage mainly tells us__________.A. how to keep healthyB. what health is importantC. why health is importantD. how often you can eat tofuBWhen you are ill, you’ll be unhappy because your body become hot, and there are pains all over. You don’t want to work: you stay in bed,feeling terrible.What makes you ill? It’s germs(细菌).Germs are everywhere. They are very small and you can’t see them with your eyes, but you can see them with a microscope. They are very small and there could be hundreds of them on or in a very small thing. Germs are always found in dirty water. When you look at dirty water under the microscope , you will see them in it. So your parents will not let you drink dirty water .Germs are found not only in dirty water, they are also found in air and dust(灰尘). If you cut your finger, and if some of the dust goes into the finger, it will become big and red, and you will have some pain in it. Sometimes germs will go into your body and you will feel pain everywhere.( )36 The writer thinks that you will ____ when you are ill.A feel hotB not want to workC not feel happyD A,B and C( )37 You can see germs ____A when you are illB only when you use a microscopeC when you cut your fingerD everywhere around you( )38 A microscope is used for ____A making very big things look much smallerB making very small things look much biggerC helping you see things clearlyD killing germs( )39 Your parents don’t let you drink dirty water because ____A water will make you illB there are many germs in itC you can see germs in itD it will make your finger become big and red( )40 The writer talk about ____A how to make dirty water cleanB how to take care of your fingersC how find germsD what makes you illCA man went to see his doctor one day, because he was suffering from pains in his stomach. After the doctor had examined him carefully, he said to him, “Well, there’s nothing really wrong with you, I’m glad to say. Your only trouble is that you worry too much. Do you know, I had a man with the sa me trouble as you here a few weeks ago, and I gave him the same advice as I am going to give you. He was worried because he couldn’t pay his tailor’s bills. I told him not to worry about the bills any more. He took my advice and when he came to se e me again two days ago, he told me that he now felt quite all right again. ”“Yes, I know all abou t that,” answered the patient sadly. “You see, I’m that man’s tailor!”根据以上短文内容判断正误,正确的用“T”表示,错误的用“F”表示。