北京市101中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期末英语试题
2020-2021学年北京101中学高二(上)期中语文试卷
2020-2021学年北京101中学高二（上）期中语文试卷试题数：8，满分：1201.（问答题，6分）阅读下面的材料，完成问题。
孔子世界观中的怀疑论因素和积极进取的人生态度（“敬鬼神而远之可谓知矣”“知其不可而为之”等等），一方面终于发展为荀子的乐观进取的无神论（“制天命而用之”），另一方面则演化为庄周的泛神论。
孔子对氏族成员个体人格的尊重（“三军可夺帅也，匹夫不可夺志也”），一方面发展为孟子的伟大人格理想（“富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈”），另一方面也演化为庄子的遗世绝俗的独立人格理想（“彷徨乎尘垢之外，逍遥乎无为之业”）。
表面看来，儒、道是离异而对立的，（），但实际上（① ）。
“兼济天下”与“独善其身”经常是后世士大夫的互补人生路途，悲歌慷慨与愤世嫉俗，“身在江湖”而“心存魏阙”，也成为中国历代知识分子的常规心理及其艺术意念。
但是，儒、道又毕竟是离异的。
如果说荀子强调的是“性无伪则不能自美”，那么庄子强调的却是“天地有大美而不言”，前者强调艺术的人工制作和外在功利，后者突出的是自然，即美和艺术的独立。
如果前者由于以其狭隘实用的功利框架，经常造成对艺术和审美的损害、束缚和破坏，那么，后者则恰恰给予这种框架和束缚以强有力的冲击、解脱和否定。
浪漫不羁的形象想象，热烈浪漫的情感抒发，独特个性的追求表达，它们从内容到形式不断给中国艺术发展提供新鲜的动力。
庄子避弃现世，并不否定生命，而毋宁对自然生命抱着珍贵爱惜的态度，这使他的泛神论的哲学思想和对待人生的审美态度充满了感情的光辉，恰恰可以补充、加深儒家而与儒家一致。
所以说，老庄道家是孔学儒家的对立的补充者。
（节选自李泽厚《美的历程》）（1）依次填入文中横线上的词语，全都恰当的一项是___A.虽然但是而且却B.不仅而且即使也C.虽然但是即使也D.不但而且尽管却（2）下列语句依次填入括号中，衔接最恰当的一组是___① 一个消极避世② 一个出世③ 一个乐观进取④ 一个入世A. ② ① ③ ④B. ③ ① ② ④C. ④ ② ③ ①D. ① ③ ④ ②（3）根据上下文，在文中括号① 处填入恰当的句子（不超过15个字）。
2020-2021学年北京101中学高三英语期末考试试题及答案
2020-2021学年北京101中学高三英语期末考试试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf your Spanish is good enough, many Spanish gossip magazines being published around the world will provide entertainment and, at the same time, help you practice your language.Diez Minutos: The magazine is a classic Spanish gossip feast with dailynews based on many stories of love, separation, divorce and death. The two main parts are headlined "love" and "partners". They also have an online version of the magazine for serious gossip addicts.Hola: It isSpain's top weekly magazine and the leader of the gossip world. It contains many pictures and a round-up of well-known and less well-known nobles and people in show business. Apart from edited highlights from the present and past issues, there is a report of the week and photo of the week. There is also a French version called OhLa!Revista CUORE: As the third best-selling gossip magazine inSpain, it is mainly aimed at younger teenage readers who look not only for current celebrity gossip, but also for fashion and TV news. It uses a lot of oral terms.Revista SEMANA: It is a Spanish magazine covering the latest news on the famous inSpainandHollywood. It also offers its readers information on fashion, beauty, cooking and travel.Marujeo: It is a blog serving up a daily diet of national gossip news on Spanish and international celebrities and the celebrity world from a particular point of view.Revista CARAS: It is a magazine published in various countries ofLatin America. It is also exported to certain parts of theUnited States, bringing together strange and wonderful news from around the world and the famous Latin community.1.Which magazine is also published in French?A.MarujeoB.Revista SEMANA.C.Revista CARAS.D.Hola.2.How many of the magazines mentioned in the text can be read on the Internet?A.Four.B.Three.C.Two.D.One.3.What can be learned from the passage?A.Diez Minutos presents its readers weekly picturesB.Revista CUORE can help improve one's spoken Spanish.C.Revista SEMANA is intended for readers in teensD.Revista CARAS mainly reports news fromLatin America.BOne billion people in the world are short of water. How can this problem be solved. Some suggestions have been to desalinate ocean water or to build enormous water pipelines from areas where water is abundant. (Suggestions such as these prove extremely expensive when they are actually used.) One possibility that scientists are considering is pulling icebergs from either the North Pole or the South Pole to parts of the world with a water shortage. Although many questions must be answered before such a project could be tried, moving icebergs seems a reasonable possibility in the future.Engineers, mathematicians, and glaciologists from a dozen countries have been considering the iceberg as a future source of water. Saudi Arabia is particularly interested in this project because it has a great water shortage. Scientists estimate that it would take 128 days to transport a large iceberg (about 1/2 square mile) to Saudi Arabia. Yet the iceberg would be completely melted by the 104th day. Therefore, insulation would be essential, but how to insulate the iceberg remains an unsolved problem.The problems in transporting an iceberg are numerous. The first problem is choosing the iceberg to pull. The icebergs that form in the North Pole are quite difficult to handle because of their shape. Only a small portion extends above the water — most of the iceberg is below the surface, which would make it difficult to pull. South Pole icebergs, on the other hand, are flat and float like table tops. Thus they would be much easier to move.How can a 200-million-ton iceberg be moved. No ship is strong enough to pull such enormous weight through the water. Perhaps several ships could be used. Attaching ropes to an iceberg this size is also an enormous problem. Engineers think that large nails or long metal rods could be driven into the ice. What would happen if the iceberg splits into several pieces during the pulling. Even if an iceberg with very few cracks were chosen, how could it be pulled through stormy waters. Furthermore, once the iceberg reached its destination, very few ports would be deep enough to store it.All of these problems must be solved before icebergs can become a reasonable source of water. Yet scientists estimate that it will be possible to transport them in the near future. Each year, enough icebergs form to supply the whole world with fresh water for a full year. In addition, icebergs are free and nonpolluting. As a solution to the world’s water problems, icebergs may be a workable possibility.4. What is a problem in transporting iceberg?A. The size of the iceberg.B. The colour of the iceberg.C. The salt in the iceberg.D. The movement of air and water.5. What is the author’ attitude towards transporting iceberg?A. Pessimistic.B. Objective.C. Optimistic.D. Unconcerned.6. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. It is hard to use iceberg.B. Iceberg are a good choice.C. There are problems with iceberg.D. Man finds no other ways to solve water shortage.7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Shortage of water.B. Icebergs for water.C. Scientists and icebergs.D. Iceberg—scientists headache.CResearchers say spicy tomatoes could soon be on the menu thanks to the rise of gene-editing technology.It's not the first time that experts have claimed techniques could develop fruit with unusual features: scientists have already been looking at changing the color1 of kiwi fruit and bettering the taste of strawberries.But researchers inBrazilandIrelandsay such methods could also offer practical advantages, with hot tomatoes offering a new way of harvesting the pungent chemicals found in peppers known as capsaicinoids, which make food taste “hot”.“Capsaicinoids are valuable. They are used as painkillers and there are some researches showing that they promote weight loss,” said Agustin Zsogon from a Brazilian university, a co-author of a new article arguing for the benefits of engineering hot tomatoes.Writing in the journal Trends in Plant Science, the researchers say peppers are difficult crops to grow and low productive. Worse still, it is tricky to keep the pungency of the fruits table. By contrast, tomato production is high and the plant is well-studied. “You could produce the capsaicinoids in a more cost-effective manner,” said Zsogon.Tomatoes and peppers developed from a common ancestor, but separated about 19 million years ago. “All these genes to produce capsaicinoids exist in the tomato, they are just not active,” said Zsogon. “Using gene-editing technology, it is likely to switch these genes back on in tomatoes, making the fruit more special”, he said.8. Why are the tomatoes made hot by the researchers?A. To test the gene-editing technologyB. To improve the amount of the tomatoesC. To explore ways to harvest more capsaicinoids.D. To make the tomatoes more delicious.9. For what purpose can capsaicinoids be used according to the text?A. To put on weight.B. To ease the pain.C. To improve sleep.D. To better the look.10. What is Zsogon's attitude to the gene-editing technology?A. Confident.B. Critical.C. Anxious.D. Doubtful.11. What's the main idea of the text?A. An introduction to gene-editing plants.B. Creating hot tomatoes by gene-editing.C. Problems with capsaicinoid production.D. The procedure of producing capsaicinoids.DAs a rider, Anna Kiesenhofe’s Olympics victory might be a surprise. The winner of the road race at the Tokyo Olympics left the sport at the end of 2017 when she found herself out of contract (合同). She came into Tokyo without a professional team and left as an Olympic champion.The 30-year old began her cycling career in 2014 after running injuries that prevented her from continuing her pursuits of triathlon (铁人三项). She later joined a Catalan team and won the Spanish National Cup in 2016.The then-26 year old signedher first professional contract with Lotto Soudal Ladies for the following season. However, she ended her 2017 campaign in April and did not sign a contract for 2018, eventually taking a year off the bike. In 2019, Kiesenhofer came back to the sport as a rider, winning the Austrian national road race. Despite her results, Kiesenhofer sill had no professional contract while going into the Tokyo Olympics.Kiesenhofer was the first rider to attack in the Olympic road race, eventually forming a breakaway along with Carl Oberholzer, Omer Shapira, Vera Looser and Anna Plichta, which went on to reach a gap of 11 minutes. After Looser and Oberholzer were dropped, Kiesnhofer ataced her two remaining breakaway companions.After Shapira and Plichta were caught by the peloton (主车群), the rest of the riders seemed to believe that they were racing among themselves for Gold, not knowing that Remehofere was still in front. While it might be a misjudgment from the rest of the peloton that allowed Kiesenhofer to keep her lead of more than two minutes, other riders’ mistakes should not detract from the Austrian’s efforts.Off the bike the new Olympic Champion has a PhD in mathematics after studying at the Technical University of Vienne as well as at Cambridge University. She currently works at the University of Lausanne.12. Why did Anna give up triathlon?A. She got injured.B. She lost interest in it.C. She had to attend university.D. She never won a medal.13. Which is the right order of the following events?①She ended her campaign.②She took a year off the bike.③She began her cycling career.④She won the Austrian national road race.⑤She won the Spanish National Cup.A. ③④①②⑤.B. ②③④①⑤.C. ③⑤①②④.D. ④②③①⑤.14. What were the riders of the peloton unaware of at the Tokyo Olympics?A. The road race was so difficult.B. Anna was a new rider.C. They had caught up with Anna.D. Anna took the lead of them.15. What is Anna’s present job?A. A cycling coach.B. A university teacher.C A professional rider. D. A college student.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020-2021学年北京市101中学高一(上)期末数学试卷 (解析版)
2020-2021学年北京市101中学高一（上）期末数学试卷一、选择题（共10小题）.1．已知函数f（x）＝lg（4﹣x）的定义域为M，函数的定义域为N，则M∩N ＝（）A．M B．N C．{4}D．∅2．sin2021°可化简为（）A．sin41°B．﹣sin41°C．cos41°D．﹣cos41°3．向量“，不共线”是“”的（）A．充分不必要条件B．必要不充分条件C．充要条件D．既不充分也不必要条件4．函数y＝sin（x+），x∈（﹣，]的值域为（）A．B．C．D．5．已知偶函数f（x）在（﹣∞，0）上单调递减，若a＝f（1），b＝f（2），，则a，b，c的大小关系为（）A．a＞b＞c B．a＞c＞b C．b＞a＞c D．c＞a＞b6．甲、乙两人解关于x的方程：log2x+b+c log x2＝0，甲写错了常数b，得到根为，；乙写错了常数c，得到根为，x＝64．那么原方程的根正确的是（）A．x＝4B．x＝3C．x＝4或x＝8D．x＝2或x＝3 7．已知2cos2α﹣3sin2α＝1，α∈（﹣，﹣π），那么tanα的值为（）A．2B．﹣2C．D．8．如图是函数y＝sin x（0≤x≤π）的图象，A（x，y）是图象上任意一点，过点A作x轴的平行线，交其图象于另一点B（A，B可重合）．设线段AB的长为f（x），则函数f（x）的图象是（）A．B．C．D．9．已知3sin（﹣α）﹣sin（π+α）＝﹣，则cosα﹣sinα的取值可以为（）A．B．C．D．10．如图，一个摩天轮的半径为10m，轮子的最低处距离地面2m．如果此摩天轮按逆时针匀速转动，每30分钟转一圈，且当摩天轮上某人经过点P（点P与摩天轮天轮中心O的高度相同）时开始计时，在摩天轮转动的一圈内，此人相对于地面的高度不小于17m的时间大约是（）A．8分钟B．10分钟C．12分钟D．14分钟二、填空题（共6小题）.11．已知向量＝（1，﹣2），＝（x，4），且∥，则实数x＝．12．若角β与角的终边关于直线y＝x对称，则角β的终边上的所有角的集合可以写为13．已知幂函数在（0，+∞）上单调递增，则实数m的值为14．在如图所示的方格纸中，向量，，的起点和终点均在格点（小正方形顶点）上，若与x+y（x，y为非零实数）共线，则的值为．15．某地下车库在排气扇发生故障的情况下，测得空气中一氧化碳的含量达到了危险状态，经抢修后恢复正常．排气4分钟后测得车库内一氧化碳浓度为64ppm（ppm为浓度单位，1ppm表示百万分之一），经检验知，该地下车库一氧化碳浓度y（ppm）与排气时间t （分钟）之间存在函数关系y＝27﹣mt（m为常数）．求得m＝；若空气中一氧化碳浓度不高于0.5ppm为正常，那么至少需要排气分钟才能使这个地下车库中一氧化碳含量达到正常状态．16．已知△ABC，点P是平面上任意一点，且（λ，μ∈R），给出以下命题：①若，，则P为△ABC的内心；②若λ＝μ＝1，则直线AP经过△ABC的重心；③若λ+μ＝1，且μ＞0，则点P在线段BC上；④若λ+μ＞1，则点P在△ABC外；⑤若0＜λ+μ＜1，则点P在△ABC内．其中真命题为．三、解答题（共4小题）.17．已知函数．（1）求函数f（x）的值域：（2）若函数g（x）＝log a x的图象与函数f（x）的图象有交点，请直接写出实数a的取值范围．18．已知关于x的方程的两根为sinθ和cosθ，．（1）求实数b的值；（2）求的值．19．已知函数，．（1）①直接写出函数f（x）的奇偶性；②写出函数f（x）的单调递增区间，并用定义证明；（2）计算：＝；f（4）﹣5f（2）g（2）＝；f（9）﹣5f（3）g（3）＝；（3）由（2）中的各式概括出f（x）和g（x）对所有不等于0的实数x都成立的一个等式，并加以证明．20．设A是由n个实数构成的一个有序数组，记作A＝（a1，a2，…，a i，…，a n）．其中a i（i＝1，2，…，n）称为数组A的“元”，i称为数组A的“元”a i的下标，如果数组S＝（b1，b2，…，b m）（m≤n，m∈N+）中的每个“元”都是来自数组A中不同下标的“元”，则称S为A的“子数组”．定义两个数组A＝（a1，a2，…，a n），B＝（b1，b2，…，b n）的“关系数”为C（A，B）＝a1b1+a2b2+…+a n b n．（1）若，B＝（b1，b2，b3，b4），且B中的任意两个“元”互不相等，B 的含有两个“元”的不同“子数组”共有p个，分别记为S1，S2，…，S p．①p＝；②若b j∈N+，1≤b j≤101（j＝1，2，3，4），记，求X的最大值与最小值；（2）若，B＝（0，a，b，c），且a2+b2+c2＝1，S为B的含有三个“元”的“子数组”，求C（A，S）的最大值．参考答案一、选择题（共10小题）.1．已知函数f（x）＝lg（4﹣x）的定义域为M，函数的定义域为N，则M∩N ＝（）A．M B．N C．{4}D．∅解：根据题意得，M＝{x|x＜4}，N{x|x≥4}，∴M∩N＝∅．故选：D．2．sin2021°可化简为（）A．sin41°B．﹣sin41°C．cos41°D．﹣cos41°解：sin2021°＝sin（360°×60﹣139°）＝sin（﹣1390）＝﹣sin139°＝﹣sin41°．故选：B．3．向量“，不共线”是“”的（）A．充分不必要条件B．必要不充分条件C．充要条件D．既不充分也不必要条件解：当向量“，不共线”时，由向量三角形性质得“”成立，即充分性成立，反之当向量“，方向相反时，满足“”，但此时两个向量共线，即必要性不成立，即向量“，不共线”是“”的充分不必要条件，故选：A．4．函数y＝sin（x+），x∈（﹣，]的值域为（）A．B．C．D．解：y＝sin（x+）＝cos x，因为x∈（﹣，]，所以cos x∈[﹣，1]，即函数的值域为[﹣，1]．故选：B．5．已知偶函数f（x）在（﹣∞，0）上单调递减，若a＝f（1），b＝f（2），，则a，b，c的大小关系为（）A．a＞b＞c B．a＞c＞b C．b＞a＞c D．c＞a＞b解：因为偶函数f（x）在（﹣∞，0）上单调递减，所以f（x）在（0，+∞）上单调递增，因为a＝f（1），b＝f（2），＝f（），又2＞1＞＞0，则b＞a＞c．故选：C．6．甲、乙两人解关于x的方程：log2x+b+c log x2＝0，甲写错了常数b，得到根为，；乙写错了常数c，得到根为，x＝64．那么原方程的根正确的是（）A．x＝4B．x＝3C．x＝4或x＝8D．x＝2或x＝3解：原方程可变形为：，因为甲写错了常数b，得到根为，，所以，又因为乙写错了常数c，得到根为，x＝64，所以，所以原方程为，解得log2x＝2或3，所以x＝4或8．故选：C．7．已知2cos2α﹣3sin2α＝1，α∈（﹣，﹣π），那么tanα的值为（）A．2B．﹣2C．D．解：因为2cos2α﹣3sin2α＝2（1﹣sin2α）﹣3sin2α＝1，可得sin2α＝，cos2α＝，因为α∈（﹣，﹣π），所以sinα＝，cosα＝﹣，可得tanα＝＝﹣．故选：D．8．如图是函数y＝sin x（0≤x≤π）的图象，A（x，y）是图象上任意一点，过点A作x轴的平行线，交其图象于另一点B（A，B可重合）．设线段AB的长为f（x），则函数f（x）的图象是（）A．B．C．D．解：当x＝时，A，B两点重合，此时f（x）＝0，故排除C，D；当x∈（0，）时，f（x）＝π﹣2x是关于x的一次函数，其图象是一条线段，故选：A．9．已知3sin（﹣α）﹣sin（π+α）＝﹣，则cosα﹣sinα的取值可以为（）A．B．C．D．解：因为3sin（﹣α）﹣sin（π+α）＝3cosα+sinα＝﹣，所以，整理得，所以，①当时，，则②当cos时，，则故选：C．10．如图，一个摩天轮的半径为10m，轮子的最低处距离地面2m．如果此摩天轮按逆时针匀速转动，每30分钟转一圈，且当摩天轮上某人经过点P（点P与摩天轮天轮中心O的高度相同）时开始计时，在摩天轮转动的一圈内，此人相对于地面的高度不小于17m的时间大约是（）A．8分钟B．10分钟C．12分钟D．14分钟解：由题意知，在t时摩天轮上某人所转过的角为t＝t，所以在t时此人相对于地面的高度为h＝10sin（t﹣）+12（t≥0）；由10sin（t﹣）+12≥17，得sin（t﹣）≥，解得≤t﹣≤，即5≤t≤15；所以此人有10分钟相对于地面的高度不小于17 m．故选：B．二、填空题共6小题，每小题5分，共30分．11．已知向量＝（1，﹣2），＝（x，4），且∥，则实数x＝﹣2．解：由已知，且，所以1×4﹣（﹣2）x＝0，解得x＝﹣2，故答案为：﹣212．若角β与角的终边关于直线y＝x对称，则角β的终边上的所有角的集合可以写为{}．解：角α的取值集合是{α|α＝2kπ+，k∈Z}，角β与角的终边关于直线y＝x对称，可得β＝2kπ+﹣2×（﹣）＝﹣+2kπ，k∈Z，可得角β的取值集合是{β|β＝﹣+2kπ，k∈Z}，故答案为：{β|β＝﹣+2kπ，k∈Z}．13．已知幂函数在（0，+∞）上单调递增，则实数m的值为0解：由题意得：m﹣1＝±1，解得：m＝0或m＝2，m＝0时，f（x）＝x2在（0，+∞）递增，符合题意，m＝2时，f（x）＝1，是常函数，不合题意，故答案为：0．14．在如图所示的方格纸中，向量，，的起点和终点均在格点（小正方形顶点）上，若与x+y（x，y为非零实数）共线，则的值为．解：设图中每个小正方形的边长为1，则＝（2，1），＝（﹣2，﹣2），＝（1，﹣2），∴x+y＝（2x﹣2y，x﹣2y），∵与x+y共线，∴﹣2（2x﹣2y）＝x﹣2y，∴5x＝6y，即＝故答案为：15．某地下车库在排气扇发生故障的情况下，测得空气中一氧化碳的含量达到了危险状态，经抢修后恢复正常．排气4分钟后测得车库内一氧化碳浓度为64ppm（ppm为浓度单位，1ppm表示百万分之一），经检验知，该地下车库一氧化碳浓度y（ppm）与排气时间t （分钟）之间存在函数关系y＝27﹣mt（m为常数）．求得m＝；若空气中一氧化碳浓度不高于0.5ppm为正常，那么至少需要排气32分钟才能使这个地下车库中一氧化碳含量达到正常状态．解：（1）∵函数y＝27﹣mt（m为常数）经过点（4，64），∴64＝27﹣4m，解得m＝；（2）由（1）得y＝，由，解得t≥32．故至少排气32分钟，这个地下车库中的一氧化碳含量才能达到正常状态．故答案为：（1）；（2）32．16．已知△ABC，点P是平面上任意一点，且（λ，μ∈R），给出以下命题：①若，，则P为△ABC的内心；②若λ＝μ＝1，则直线AP经过△ABC的重心；③若λ+μ＝1，且μ＞0，则点P在线段BC上；④若λ+μ＞1，则点P在△ABC外；⑤若0＜λ+μ＜1，则点P在△ABC内．其中真命题为②④．解：对于①，，此时P点在∠BAC平分线上，但未必在△ABC 的内心，则①错；对于②，由λ＝μ＝1知，AP＝，由向量加法法则知APBC中点，AP经过△ABC的重心，则②对；对于③，λ+μ＝1⇒λ＝1﹣μ⇒＝，当μ＞1，P点在BC延长线上，不在BC边上，则③错；对于④，令t＝λ+μ＞1，＝t，t＞1，由向量加法法则知，P点在△ABC外，则④对；对于⑤，取λ═﹣1/4，μ＝1/2，λ+μ＝1/4，0＜λ+μ＜1，但P点在△ABC外，则⑤错；故答案为：②④．三、解答题共4小题，共50分．解答应写出文字说明、演算步骤或证明过程．17．已知函数．（1）求函数f（x）的值域：（2）若函数g（x）＝log a x的图象与函数f（x）的图象有交点，请直接写出实数a的取值范围．解：（1）函数．则f（x）＝，因为y＝1﹣x在（﹣2，0）单调递减，可得f（x）值域为[1，3）．（2）当0＜a＜1，当0＜x≤2时，g（x）＝log a x的图象与函数f（x）的图象恒有交点，当1＜a时，当0＜x≤2时，g（x）＝log a x是单调递增函数，则log a2≥1，可得a≤2．则1＜a≤2．故得实数a的取值范围是0＜a＜1或1＜a≤2．18．已知关于x的方程的两根为sinθ和cosθ，．（1）求实数b的值；（2）求的值．解：（1）∵方程的两根为sinθ、cosθ，∴sinθ+cosθ＝，sinθcosθ＝＞0，∵，∴θ+∈（，π），即sinθ+cosθ＝sin（θ+）＞0，∴（sinθ+cosθ）2＝sin2θ+cos2θ+2sinθcosθ＝1+2×＝，解得：b＝（负值舍去），则b＝；（2）∵（sinθ﹣cosθ）2＝sin2θ+cos2θ﹣2sinθcosθ＝1﹣2×＝，∴sinθ﹣cosθ＝，∵sinθ+cosθ＝，∴＝＝＝．19．已知函数，．（1）①直接写出函数f（x）的奇偶性；②写出函数f（x）的单调递增区间，并用定义证明；（2）计算：＝0；f（4）﹣5f（2）g（2）＝0；f（9）﹣5f（3）g（3）＝0；（3）由（2）中的各式概括出f（x）和g（x）对所有不等于0的实数x都成立的一个等式，并加以证明．解：（1）①函数f（x）为奇函数．②f（x）的单调递增区间为（﹣∞，0），（0，+∞），证明：任取x1，x2∈（0，+∞），且x1＜x2，则f（x1）﹣f（x2）＝﹣＝（﹣）（1+）因为x1，x2∈（0，+∞），且x1＜x2，所以＜，所以﹣＜0，所以f（x1）﹣f（x2）＜0，即f（x1）＜f（x2），所以f（x）在（0，+∞）上单调递增，由奇函数的性质可得f（x）在（﹣∞，0）上单调递增，故（x）的单调递增区间为（﹣∞，0），（0，+∞）．（2）经过代入计算可得＝0，f（4）﹣5f（2）g（2）＝0，f（9）﹣5f（3）g（3）＝0．（3）由（2）中的各式概括出f（x）和g（x）对所有不等于0的实数x都成立的一个等式为f（x2）﹣5f（x）g（x）＝0（x≠0），证明：f（x2）﹣5f（x）g（x）＝0＝﹣5••＝﹣＝0．20．设A是由n个实数构成的一个有序数组，记作A＝（a1，a2，…，a i，…，a n）．其中a i（i＝1，2，…，n）称为数组A的“元”，i称为数组A的“元”a i的下标，如果数组S＝（b1，b2，…，b m）（m≤n，m∈N+）中的每个“元”都是来自数组A中不同下标的“元”，则称S为A的“子数组”．定义两个数组A＝（a1，a2，…，a n），B＝（b1，b2，…，b n）的“关系数”为C（A，B）＝a1b1+a2b2+…+a n b n．（1）若，B＝（b1，b2，b3，b4），且B中的任意两个“元”互不相等，B 的含有两个“元”的不同“子数组”共有p个，分别记为S1，S2，…，S p．①p＝6；②若b j∈N+，1≤b j≤101（j＝1，2，3，4），记，求X的最大值与最小值；（2）若，B＝（0，a，b，c），且a2+b2+c2＝1，S为B的含有三个“元”的“子数组”，求C（A，S）的最大值．解：（1）①根据“子数组”的定义可得，B的含有两个“元”的不同“子数组”有（b1，b2），（b1，b3），（b1，b4），（b2，b3），（b2，b4），（b3，b4）共6个，∴p＝6；②不妨设b1＜b2＜b3＜b4，＝，∵1≤b j≤101（j＝1，2，3，4），则当b1＝1，b2＝2，b3＝100，b4＝101时，X取得最大值为，当b1，b2，b3，b4是连续的四个整数时，X取得最小值为；（2）由B＝（0，a，b，c），且a2+b2+c2＝1可知，实数a，b，c具有对称性，故分为S中含0和不含0两种情况进行分类讨论，①当0是S中的“元”时，由于中的三个“元”都相等及B中三个“元”a，b，c的对称性，可只计算的最大值，∵a2+b2+c2＝1，则（a+b）2≤2（a2+b2）≤2（a2+b2+c2）＝2，可得，故当时a+b达到最大值，故；②当0不是S中的“元”时，，又a2+b2≥2ab，b2+c2≥2bc，a2+c2≥2ac，则，当且仅当时，取到最大值，故C（A，S）max＝1，综上，C（A，S）max＝1．。
2020-2021学年北京市101中学高二(上)期中数学试卷
2020-2021学年北京市101中学高二（上）期中数学试卷一、选择题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中，选出符合题目要求的一项。
1．（5分）在复平面内，复数1+i的共轭复数所对应的点位于（）A．第一象限B．第二象限C．第三象限D．第四象限2．（5分）直线x﹣y+1＝0的倾斜角为（）A．30°B．150°C．60°D．120°3．（5分）点（0，1）到直线y＝kx﹣1距离的最大值为（）A．1B．C．D．24．（5分）直线l1：（a+2）x+（1﹣a）y﹣1＝0与l2：（a﹣1）x+（2a+3）y+2＝0互相垂直（）A．﹣1B．1C．﹣1或1D．以上都不对5．（5分）已知向量＝（1，x，﹣2），＝（0，1，2），＝（1，0，0），若，，共面，则x等于（）A．﹣1B．1C．1或﹣1D．1或06．（5分）如图ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1是正方体，B1E1＝D1F1＝，则BE1与DF1所成的角的余弦值是（）A．B．C．D．7．（5分）如图，在正方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中，P为对角线BD1的三等分点，P到各顶点的距离的不同取值有（）A．3个B．4个C．5个D．6个8．（5分）设复数z满足，则|z|的最大值为（）A．B．2C．D．49．（5分）通过求两个向量的夹角，可以求两条直线的夹角．已知l1：2x﹣3y﹣3＝0，l2：2x+y+1＝0，则l1，l2夹角的余弦值是（）A．B．C．D．10．（5分）已知A（x1，y1），B（x2，y2）是不同的两点，点C（cosθ，sinθ），且＝，＝，则直线AB与圆x2+y2＝1的位置关系是（）A．相离B．相切C．相交D．以上三种情况都有可能二、填空题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分。
11．（5分）复数z＝，则|z|＝．12．（5分）已知ABCD为平行四边形，且A（4，1，3），B（2，﹣5，1），C（3，7，﹣5），则点D的坐标为．13．（5分）已知圆C：（x﹣1）2+（y﹣2）2＝4与直线l：y＝k（x+1），则圆心C的坐标为，若圆C关于直线l对称，则k＝．14．（5分）直线l：y＝kx+与圆O：x2+y2＝1相交于A，B两点，当△AOB的面积达到最大时．15．（5分）在正方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中，点P是侧面B1C1CB内（不包含边界）的一个动点，且AP⊥D1B，点H在棱D1D上运动，则二面角H﹣AC﹣P的余弦值的取值范围是．三、解答题共5小题，共45分。
北京一零一中学2020-2021学年上学期高二年级期中考试英语试卷及答案
北京101中学2020-2021学年上学期高二年级期中考试英语试卷（考试时间：100分钟，试卷满分：120分）第一部分：听力理解（共三节，共20分）第一节（共5 小题；每小题1分，共5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话你将听一遍。
1. What has the woman got for her mother?A. B. C.2. When does the concert start?A. At 6:30 PM.B. At 6:50 PM.C. At 7:30 PM.3. What does the woman think of the scarf?A. It’s expensive.B. It’s a bargain.C. It’s poorly made.4. Why does the woman make the call?A. To make an appointment.B. To make an invitation.C. To make a suggestion.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Places in the brochure.B. Hunting in Alaska.C. Plans for vacation.第二节（共10 小题；每小题1分，共10分）听下面4段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。
听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. How does the woman feel about starting a band?A. Excited.B. Surprised.C. Unconcerned.7. What kind of music does the man like?A. Music with great lyrics.B. Music he can dance to.C. Music that is loud and noisy.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
北京市101中学(一零一中学)2020-2021学年第一学期初一期末数学试卷及答案
2021北京101中学初一（上）期末数 学一、选择题：本大题共12小题，共24分。
1. 月球与地球的距离大约是384400千米，用科学记数法表示为（ ）千米。
A. 3384.410⨯B. 63.84410⨯C. 60.384410⨯D. 53.84410⨯2. 下列关于单项式2x 2y 的说法正确的是（ ）A. 系数是1，次数是2B. 系数是2，次数是2C. 系数是1，次数是3D. 系数是2，次数是33. 下列式子的变形中，正确的是（ ）A. 由6+x =10得x =10+6B. 由3x +5=4x 得3x -4x =-5C. 由8x =4-3x 得8x -3x =4D. 由2(x -1)= 3得2x -1=34. 方程x ＋y =6的正整数解有（ ）A. 5个B. 6个C. 7个D. 无数个5. 下图是由几个相同的正方体搭成的一个几何体，从正面看得到的平面图形是（ ）A.B.C.D.6. 将一副三角板按如下图所示位置摆放，已知∠α=30°14′，则∠β的度数为（ ）A. 75°14′B. 59°86′C. 59°46′D. 14°46′7. 根据“ x 的3倍比x 的13多2”可列方程为（ ）A. 1323x x =- B. 1323x x =+ C. 1323x x += D. 13(2)3x x =+ 8. 若方程3,26x y x y +=-=和7kx y +=有公共解，则k 的值是（ ）A. 1B. -1C. 2D. -29. 有理数a 、b 、c 、d 在数轴上的对应点的位置如图所示，则正确的结论是（ ）A. 4a <-B. 0bd >C. 0b c +>D. ||||a b >10. 如下图，直线AB 与CD 相交于点O ，OE 平分∠AOC ，且∠BOE =140°，则∠BOC 为（ ）A. 140°B. 100°C. 80°D. 40°11. 在某场CBA 比赛中，某位运动员的技术统计如下表所示：②总得分=两分球得分+三分球得分+罚球得分。
精品解析：北京市海淀区101中学2020-2021学年高二(上)期中物理试题(解析版)
9. 测定压力变化的电容式传感器如图所示， A 为固定电极， B 为可动电极，组成一个电容大小可变的电容
器．可动电极两端固定，当待测压力施加在可动电极上时，可动电极发生形变，从而改变了电容器的电容．现 将此电容式传感器连接到如图所示的电路中，当待测压力增大时（ ）
A. 电容器的电容将减小
C. 电阻 R 中有从 a 流向 b 的电流
解．
3. 静电场中某点的电场强度 （
）
A. 其方向跟电荷在该点所受的电场力的方向一致
B. 跟电荷在该点所受的电场力的大小成正比
C. 跟放于该点的电荷的电量成反比
D. 跟放于该点的电荷的电量及所受电场力的大小无关
【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】A．电场强度的方向与正电荷所受电场力方向相同，与负电荷所受电场力方向相反，故 A 错误； BCD．电场中某点的电场强度由电场本身的性质决定，与放入电场中的电荷，以及电荷所受的电场力无关， 故 BC 错误，D 正确． 4. 有甲、乙两根材料不同，长度和横截面积都相同的金属丝，在温度一定的情况下，甲金属丝的电阻率是 乙金属丝电阻率的 2 倍．以下有关它们电阻值的说法正确的是（ ） A. 甲、乙的两根金属丝电阻值的相等 B. 甲金属丝的电阻值是乙金属线电阻值的 2 倍 C. 乙金属丝的电阻值是甲金属丝电阻值的 2 倍 D. 甲金属丝的电阻值是乙金属丝电阻值的 4 倍
可知，电容器电容 C 减小，根据
Q=CU
可知，两板间电势差 U 变大，即静电计指针偏角变大。
故选 C。
7. 一台国产封闭型贮水式电热水器的铭牌上所列的主要参数如下图表所示，根据表中提供的数据，计算出
此电热水器在额定电压下工作时，通过热水器的电流约为（ ）
额定容量
54L
2019-2020学年北京一零一中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题(解析版)
北京一零一中学2019—2020学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题第Ⅰ卷第一节听力（20分）略第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Counting the votes took about five minutes, but it seemed like an hour for me. Captain of the cheerleaders is quite an honor. At least that’s what I was ___1___.As Coach Maguire appeared, all eyes zeroed in ___2___ her.“Girls,” she began. “It’s my pleas ure to announce that Terry Shaw has been elected Captain of the cheerleading team.” A great cheer was heard throughout the gym.How ___3___ this be? I hadn’t ___4___ a practice, or a game, in the three years. Was everyone blind? Didn’t they realize that I had worked three years to ___5___ the title?All the way home, I sobbed. The next morning, I held my uniform close to me. I knew I couldn’t ___6___. As heartbroken as I was, my true love was ___7___ with my teammates.How very ___8___ it was to go to that first practice after Terry had been named captain. When I arrived, Terry asked me if I had any ideas on how to improve our routines and talked about how we could make the team better. We? Was she kidding? I just wanted to ___9___ her and she kept making it harder and harder for me to do that. It wasn’t just that she showed interest in me—her interest was warm and ___10___.Terry always made sure to ___11___ me when discussing changes in our routine and eventually I ___12___ myself and we grew to be very close friends.At the end of the year, the annual Sports Award Banquet was organized. We decorated the hall, talking about all the good times we had ___13___ during our last year together. I just wanted to ___14___ that moment in time.Later in the evening we arrived and listened as the various trophies were awarded to the most valuable player of each sports team. Of course the team captains all received trophies too. With great ___15___ I cheered for Terry.Just as Terry walked off the stage, Coach Maguire stepped up to the microphone again and announced that there was one final trophy to be awarded. The cheerleading “Spirit Award” would now be presented to the girl who showed the most dedicated ___16___.When I heard my name announced I imagined I was as ___17___ Terry was coming toward me. We hugged each other, and Terry whispered, “Nobody ___18___ this more than you.”Terry never knew that quitting was all I had on my mind the day she was named captain. She read the ___19___ in my shallow words of congratulations and embraced me in spite of myself, planting tiny seeds of kindness and respect. From her effort grew a ___20___ that, to this day, I hold close to my heart.1. A. expecting B. offering C. regretting D. designing2. A. for B. on C. with D. about3. A. dared B. would C. might D. could4. A. watched B. accepted C. missed D. followed5. A. hold B. earn C. give D. defend6. A. quit B. delay C. practice D. reply7. A. competing B. studying C. cheering D. communicating8. A. hard B. pleasant C. normal D. unforgettable9. A. persuade B. inspire C. frighten D. hate10. A. wide B. genuine C. proper D. funny11. A. teach B. praise C. control D. include12. A. punished B. hid C. overcame D. embarrassed13. A. wasted B. shared C. needed D. found14. A. freeze B. recall C. spare D. choose15. A. confidence B. politeness C. enthusiasm D. curiosity16. A. effort B. trust C. memory D. attention17. A. nervous B. shocked C. determined D. proud18. A. doubts B. completes C. deserves D. requires19. A. admiration B. sympathy C. courage D. disappointment20. A. belief B. challenge C. promise D. friendship【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. B11. D 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C 16. A 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. D 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。
北京市部分区2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题汇编：完形填空
It certainly was. Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without_____3_____medical care, Paris would die. At first, no one moved. The girls were_____4_____. Then the softball coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR?”
The real act of discovery is not in finding new lands, but in seeing with new eyes.
—Marcel Proust
As a young social worker in a New York City psychiatric (精神病的) clinic, I was asked to see Roz, a twenty-year-old woman who had been sent to us from another psychiatric facility. It was a(n)___16___case, because no information was received ahead of her first appointment. I was told to figure out by myself what her___17___were and what she needed.
北京市部分区2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题汇编：语法填空
C
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
People are pleased with their easy life in Siheyuan. They live a peaceful and harmonious life in theses mall "boxes". Their daily needs could be fully satisfied there by sellers who sold vegetables,____18____（egg）, fruits and snacks. The winding and narrow hutongs were heaven for children playing games. They would have played games such as rubber-band skipping, Chinese shuttlecock（毽子）, and hide-and-seek. Even in modern times, young boys get together____19____（hold）football matches in these narrow hutongs. Those who live in them love their way of life so much that it____20____（describe）by the Chinese as a culture of happiness and harmony.
2021-2022年高二上学期期末考试英语试题(B卷) 含答案
2021年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（B卷）含答案说明：卷面考查分（3分）由教学处单独组织考评，计入总分。
第Ⅰ卷（共55分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分10分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A, B, C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
（）1.What does the man plan to do first?A. Have some foodB. Read the novelC. Do his homework（）2.What’s the possible relationship between the two speakers?A. Sales clerk and customer.B. Teacher and student.C. Doctor and patient.（）3.What did the woman leave at th e man’s home?A. Her books.B. Her bike.C. The bike lights.（）4.What are the two speakers talking about?A. A new movie.B. A swimming pool.C. Weekendplans.（）5.What does the man like to eat?A. Apple pie.B. Fruit.C. Ice cream.第二节（共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分）听下面2段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
2020-2021学年北京101中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及答案
2020-2021学年北京101中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Origins of Famous BrandsOur lives are full of brand names and trademarked products that we use every day. Although many brand names are simple acronyms(首字母缩略词) or versions of their founders names, some of the companies we trust every day actually have fascinating and surprising back stories.StarbucksIt seems fitting that the most famous coffee brand in the world would take its name from one of the world’s greatest works of literature. The inspiration for the name of the coffeehouse came from Herman Melville’sMoby Dick. The founders’ original idea was to name the company after the Captain Ahab’s ship, but they eventually decided that Pequot wasn’t a great name for coffee, so they chose Ahab’s first mate, Starbucks, as the name instead.GoogleGoogle was originally called Backrub, for it searched for links in every corner of the Web. In 1997, when the founders of the company were searching for a new name showing a huge amount of data for their rapidly improving search technology, a friend suggested the word “googol”. When a friend tried to register the new domain (域) name, he misspelled “googol” as “google”.NikeOriginally founded as a distributor for Japanese running shoes, the company was originally named BRS, or Blue Ribbon Sports. In 1971, BRS introduced its own soccer shoe, a model called Nike, which is alsothe name for the Greek goddess of victory. In 1978, the company officially renamed itself as Nike, Inc.The right name is essential to a company’s success, and a great origin story is just as important as a great product. An attractive origin story is one more thing that keeps customers guessing, wondering, and buying its products.1. What is the name of the Captain Ahab’s ship?A. Moby Dick.B. Starbucks.C. Pequot.D. Herman Melville.2. Why did the founders of the Google want to change its name?A. They mistook their name.B. They wanted new customers.C. The company’s original name was too long.D. The company’s search technology was improving rapidly.3. Where does the importance of the origin story of one company lie in?A. It can change the company’s image.B. It can add myth to the company.C. It explains the development of the company to customers.D. It makes customers imagine and purchase its goods.BAn unmanned Chinese spacecraft left the earth on a trip to the planet Mars on Thursday. The launch（发射）marks the start of one of China's most important space explorations. China's national space agency launched the spacecraft called Tianwen-1 fromthe Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Center on Hainan Island.The name Tianwen means “Questions to Heaven” in Chinese. The spacecraft took off on China's largest carrier rocket, the Long March 5, and about 36 minutes later, the spacecraft, including an orbiter（轨道飞行器）and a rover（漫游车），was sent into the Earth-Mars orbit. It is expected to reach the orbit of the red planet next February. Tianwen-1 will finish three scientific goals—orbiting the red planet, landing on the Mars and sending a rover to the landing site.Tianwen-1 carries several scientific instruments to observe the planet's atmosphere and surface. It will do a series of scientific researches on the planet's soil, geological structure, environment, atmosphere and water. Besides its daily work of exploring the surface of Mars for 90 days, it will also report back to the earth about its experiences on the red planet, which is millions of miles away. According to experts, discovering signs of life will be its first and most important scientific goal.Tianwen-1's successful landing will make China the second nation to place a spacecraft on Mars. The United States has landed eight vehicles on Mars since 1976. China will be the first to successfully orbit, land and place a vehicle in the same mission. This is China's first independent mission to Mars. The task in 2011 failed when a Russian rocket carrying a Chinese orbiter had problems after launch, and was unable to escape the Earth orbit. Last year, China's Chang e-4 spacecraft became the first to make a landing on the far side of the moon.4. When will Tianwen-1 enter the orbit of Mars?A. 36 minutes later.B. Next Thursday.C. In 90 days.D. Next February.5. What is the main task of Tianwen-1 according to experts?A. Orbiting the Mars.B. Landing on the Mars.C. Discovering signs of life.D. Sending a rover to the landing site.6. Which of the following statements is mentioned in the text?A. Tianwen-1 is the second vehicle landed on the Mars.B. The United States is the first to land vehicles on the Mars.C. Russia helped China place Tianwen-1 on the Mars.D. Chang，e-4 was the first to make a landing on the moon.7. Where can you find this article?A. In a newspaper.B. In a diary.C. In a sci-fi novel.D. In a guide book.CHave you ever done something for someone else—knowing that your actions would solely benefit THEM and not YOU? Maybe you opened a door or donated blood or volunteered in a hospital’s ER during the pandemic. This is called a prosocial behavior. Humans engage in these types of behaviors all the time.But a question remains in science: Are we the only species who do this? As one of out closest s, chimpanzees have long been studied for signs of this. So far, research has provided mixed results on the question.Some studies show that chimps cooperatively hunt, share food and comfort each other. But one study came to a very different conclusion. The study used a controlled lab experiment where chimpanzees in enclosures were given two options: push a button to give food to themselves or push the button to give food to themselves AND a partner chimp. If they chose the latter, it was seen as a prosocial behavior. But the result is that chimps showed no special preferences for feeding themselves and a friend over feeding just themselves. Another study conducted by DeTroy, however, discovered a totally different result.Compared to previous controlled lab-based experiments, the setup for DeTroy’s research was very naturalistic. “We installed a button and a fountain into the chimpanzees’ outer enclosures. When an individual pushes the button, it releases juice from the fountain. However, since the button and fountain are approximately five meters apart, the individual pushing cannot directly drink from the fountain. And if any other chimpanzees are at the fountain when the button is pushed, they, and not the pusher, will be able to drink the juice.In this experiment, chimpanzees showed a willingness to act in the interest of others, with individualchimpanzees prepared to push the button without benefiting themselves.“It is really fascinating to see that many of the chimpanzees were willing to prosocially provide valuable resources to the group members even if they couldn’t benefit themselves from their behavior.” said DeTroy.Further research may reveal what lies behind their prosocial motivation. But for now, it’s safe to assume that chimpanzees are not simply aping human behavior.8. Which of the following belongs to prosocial behaviors?A. Jack participated in voluntary work in the library just to earn credits.B. Mark turned to his classmate for help when feeling stressful in study.C. Tim guided a lost child back home on his way to an important job interview.D. Rose often interrupted the teacher to ask questions actively in the math’s class.9. What is the task of the chimpanzees in the lab-based study?A. Sharing food.B. Making a choice.C. Comforting others.D. Showing sympathy.10. How is DeTroy’s study different from the previous ones?A. It was based on controlled lab experiment.B. It gave juice to the chimpanzees as a reward.C. It offered the tested chimpanzees a natural surrounding.D. It provided a chance for chimpanzees to help their partners.11. What can we learn from DeTroy’s quotes?A. Chimpanzees can develop abilities to help others.B. Chimpanzees have acquired many human behaviors.C. Chimpanzees in the wild is cleverer than those in the lab.D. Chimpanzees displayed prosocial behaviors for certain rewards.DJose Hernandez made his dream of becoming an astronaut a reality and he did so despite unbelievable difficulties“I was workingin a field near Stockton, and I heard on my radio that Franklin Chang-Diaz had been selected for the Astronaut Corps," said Jose, who was a senior in high school at the timed was already interested in science and engineering, Jose remembered, "but that was the moment I said, "I want to fly in space.' "As one of four children in a migrant（移民）farming family from Mexico, Jose - who didn't learn English untilhe was 12 years old - spent much of his childhood traveling with his family from Mexico to southern California each March, then working northward to the Stockton area by November, picking strawberries and cucumbers at farms along the route. They would then return to Mexico for Christmas and start the cycle all over again in the spring. "Some kids might think it would be fun to travel like that,“ Jose laughed, "but we had to work”.After graduating from high school, Jose was admitted into the University of the Pacific, In 1987, he accepted a full-time job with Lawrence National Laboratory. In 2001, Jose joinedtheJohnson Space Center, where he came face-to-face with Franklin Chang-Diaz.“We actually had common experiences —asimilar upbringing, the same language issues. That built up my confidence. Any barriers that existed, he had already overcome them.” Jose smiled. "Now it's my tum!,,“NASA rejected me not once, not twice, not three times but 11 times. It wasn't until the 12th time that I got selected, he said. Jose was selected as part of the 19th class of astronauts in 2004. He circled the globe 217 times but remains a down to Earth guy.Jose Hernandez received the 2016 National Hispanic Hero Award and he continues his long history in the field of engineering and space.12. What made Jose determined to be an astronaut?A. The influence of Astronaut Corps.B. The success of Franklin Chang-Diaz.C. His interest in science and engineering.D. The experience of working in the field.13. What can we learn about Jose as a child?A. He did much farm work.B. He travelled a lot for fun.C. He hated learning English.D. He obeyed his family in everything.14. How did Jose feel when he met FranklinChang-Diaz personally?A. Inspired.B. Valued.C. Relaxed.D. Puzzled.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Climb over BarriersB. Reach for the StarsC. Work the Hard WayD. Learn from Your Past第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2022—2023 学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷参考答案详解(新高考)(公共版)
2022—2023 学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷参考答案详解（新高考）（公共版）英语试题第一部分听力1—5 BBCAB 6—10 BAABC 11—15 CBCAC 16—20 CBCAA第二部分阅读第一节A篇本文是一篇应用文。
文章主要介绍了英国伦敦设计博物馆和国家足球博物馆举办的一场展出——“足球：设计美丽的运动”的相关内容。
21. D 细节理解题。
根据What to expect部分中的“involve yourself in the stories ofclubs and game legends (传奇人物) ... Diego Maradona”可知，参观者在展览会上可以了解到包括梅西、贝利、乔治·贝斯特和迭戈·马拉多纳在内的足坛人物的故事。
故选D。
22. A 细节理解题。
根据Ticket information部分中的“Adult tickets are chargedfrom £16 and student tickets from £12. Meanwhile, you can save 25% on family and group tickets.”可知，成人票16英镑起，学生票12英镑起，家庭团体票可以享受七五折优惠。
因此他们至少应支付的费用为（16×2 + 12）×0.75 = 33（英镑）。
故选A。
23. A 细节理解题。
根据Ticket information部分中的“Present your exhibition entryticket for 10% off food and drink at London Grade Coffee on the ground floor.”可知，参观者在一楼咖啡厅购买食物和饮料时凭门票可享受九折优惠。
故选A。
B篇本文是一篇记叙文。
Franco Cagnoli看到太阳从罗卡卡拉西奥的城堡升起时深受震撼，于是决定并着手帮助复兴这个意大利小山村。
精品解析：北京市海淀区101中学2020-2021学年高二(上)期中物理试题(原卷版)
北京一零一中2020-2021学年度第一学期期中考试高二物理本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分第Ⅰ卷一、单项选择题（本题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题意的。
请在答题卡上作答。
选对得3分，错选该小题不得分）1. 下列物理量是矢量的是（）A. 电势B. 电势差C. 电场强度D. 电势能2. 真空中有两个静止的点电荷，若保持它们之间的距离不变，而把它们的电荷量都变为原来的3倍，则两电荷间的库仑力将变为原来的( ) A.7倍 B. 8倍 C. 9倍 D. 10倍3. 静电场中某点的电场强度（）A. 其方向跟电荷在该点所受的电场力的方向一致B. 跟电荷在该点所受的电场力的大小成正比C. 跟放于该点的电荷的电量成反比D. 跟放于该点的电荷的电量及所受电场力的大小无关4. 有甲、乙两根材料不同，长度和横截面积都相同的金属丝，在温度一定的情况下，甲金属丝的电阻率是乙金属丝电阻率的2倍．以下有关它们电阻值的说法正确的是（）A. 甲、乙的两根金属丝电阻值的相等B. 甲金属丝的电阻值是乙金属线电阻值的2倍C. 乙金属丝的电阻值是甲金属丝电阻值的2倍D. 甲金属丝的电阻值是乙金属丝电阻值的4倍5. 如图所示，三个完全相同的金属小球a、b、c位于三角形的三个顶点上。
a带正电，b和c带负电，a所带电量的大小比b小。
已知c受到a和b的静电力的合力可以用图中四条有向线段中的一条来表示，它应是（）A. F1B. F2C. F3D. F46. 如图所示的实验装置中，平行板电容器的极板A与一灵敏的静电计相接，极板B接地，若极板B稍向上移动一点，则（）A. 平行板电容器电容变大，静电计指针偏角变大B. 平行板电容器电容变大，静电计指针偏角变小C. 平行板电容器电容变小，静电计指针偏角变大D. 平行板电容器电容变小，静电计指针偏角变小7. 一台国产封闭型贮水式电热水器的铭牌上所列的主要参数如下图表所示，根据表中提供的数据，计算出此电热水器在额定电压下工作时，通过热水器的电流约为（）额定容量54L 最高水温75°C额定功率1500W 额定压力0.1Mpa额定电压交流220V 电器类别Ⅰ类额定频率50Hz 防水等级IPX4A. 6.8AB. 0.15AC. 4.4AD. 0.23A8. 如图所示电路中，A、B为相同的两个灯泡，当变阻器的滑头向D滑动时（）A. A灯变亮，B灯变暗B. A灯变暗，B灯变亮C. A、B灯均变亮D. A、B灯均变暗9. 测定压力变化的电容式传感器如图所示，A为固定电极，B为可动电极，组成一个电容大小可变的电容器．可动电极两端固定，当待测压力施加在可动电极上时，可动电极发生形变，从而改变了电容器的电容．现将此电容式传感器连接到如图所示的电路中，当待测压力增大时（）A. 电容器的电容将减小B. 电阻R中没有电流C. 电阻R中有从a流向b的电流D. 电阻R中有从b流向a的电流10. 如图所示，MN是一负点电荷产生的电场中的一条电场线。
2023-2024学年北京市西城区高二上学期期末英语试题
2023-2024学年北京市西城区高二上学期期末英语试题It was a Sunday afternoon in May. Paul Blachut was busy working at a restaurant in scenic Augsburg, Germany. Many tourists came for food at the pretty place beside the river, where the meltwater was cold at this time of year.A mother and her daughter were _______ the cooling water by the riverbank. They were playing with an inflatable tube happily when _______ the girl lost her footing and was caught in the river’s current. It happened so fast that the girl desperately grabbed (抓) on to the tube, which her mother was sitting in, throwing her into the river, too.Blachut heard the sudden shout, “Two women are drowning in the river!” Then he hurried to the_______ , where he spotted them trying to grab anything they could. He was horrified to see that one of them kept sinking. Blachut’s mind _______ , “How can I help them?” _______ having no lifesaving training, he rushed down to the riverbank. Quickly he _______ his T-shirt and jumped into the river. He didn’t care about the cold; all he could think about was saving the women. It was obvious they were _______ .As Blachut got closer to them, he could _______ that the mother seemed to be in the most trouble. She was drowning. He _______ a film in which a lifeguard grabbed a drowning victim’s body, pulling the person ashore while swimming on his back. Blachut tried this, but the woman’s clothing made her so ________ ; he kept being dragged under, too. He needed a new ________. He quickly dived under the drowning woman, ________ her upward and using that momentum (水势) to take her toward the shore. At that time, an onlooker was able to ________ the woman’s hand, pulling her ashore. Then Blachut jumped into the river again. He swam downstream, got hold of the daughter, and was able to get her out in the same way, too.Several onlookers expressed their ________ for Blachut following the incident. However, Blachut was ________ about his role, “The whole rescue only t ook several minutes and I am happy to receive your praise.”1.A．enjoying B．buying C．drinking D．pouring2.A．slowly B．naturally C．fortunately D．suddenly3.A．pool B．restaurant C．shore D．tube4.A．stopped B．raced C．wandered D．worked5.A．Without B．Despite C．Besides D．For6.A．put away B．tried on C．took off D．hung up7.A．helpless B．dangerous C．calm D．busy8.A．share B．express C．respond D．tell9.A．mentioned B．recalled C．rent D．shot10.A．pretty B．soft C．heavy D．strong11.A．schedule B．task C．message D．plan12.A．pushing B．flying C．rolling D．pulling13.A．wave B．clap C．grasp D．shake14.A．surprise B．admiration C．happiness D．hope15.A．curious B．careful C．passionate D．modest Regeneron Science Talent Search (Regeneron STS) is the oldest and most important science research competition for high school students all over the nation. Started in 1942, Regeneron STS recognizes and empowers most promising young scientists. Each year, nearly 2,000 students enter Regeneron STS. The competition awards 300 student scholars and their schools annually and invites 40 student finalists to Washington, D. C. to participate in final judging. Regeneron STS provides an important platform for their original research which is examined and reviewed by professional scientists.What are the requirements?●Applicants must be over 13 years of age and have legal parental permission to submit (提交) the application and participate, or be 18 years of age or older;●Applicants must complete individual research pr ojects to enter Regeneron STS. Research conducted as part of a pre-collegiate student team project is not qualified for Regeneron STS;●Applicants must submit application package through our online system, and must not have entered any previous Regeneron STS.What are the core components of an application?●Essays, short answer responses, activities and basic information;●Scientific Research Report (maximum 20-page research paper about one of the applicant’s original research projects);●Recommendations su bmitted by adults;●Test Scores (optional).What could the applicants win?●PARTICIPATION AWARDS: All competitors will receive a T-shirt, laptop stickers, and a free one-year subscription to Science News magazine.●SCHOLAR AWARDS: Each of the 300 scholars will receive a $2,000award.●SCHOOL AWARDS: The schools of each scholar will receive $2,000 per scholar. The award is intended to contribute to excellence in science, math and/or engineering education at the school.●FINALIST AWARDS: Judges select 40 finalists from among the scholars. In addition to an all-expense-paid trip to Washington, D. C., finalists receive a minimum award of $25,000.16. From Paragraph 1, we know that Regeneron STS ________.A．was started before the 1940sB．recognizes 40 scholars every yearC．is a platform for professional scientistsD．is a nationwide science research competition17. According to the passage, applicants are required to ________.A．be over 18 years oldB．submit applications onlineC．have entered Regeneron STS beforeD．have completed the research for a team project18. Who will win a minimum award of $25,000?A．Each finalist. B．Each participant.C．Each scholar. D．Each of the scholars’ school.When I was an undergraduate student studying ecology, I was used to discovering overall trends in large amounts of data. The thought of getting my hands dirty in the field never seemed interesting to me. I saw it as a boring and repetitive task. But I knew potential graduate schools would likely view my lack of field experience as a hole in my application letter. My mother also thought I should work for a few years to explore my interests before pursuing further education. So I decided to apply for field-based summer positions after graduation.After landing a job assessing the sage grouse habitat in Utah, I found myself in the company of Sherel, a 75-year-old botanist and the leader of our field crew. On the very first day of the fieldwork, I noticed a special plant on the field. “Wonderful! Looks like you’ve got a Mahonia repens,” Sherel shouted excitedly. I gently touched the plant with yellow flowers by my feet, “This one here? How can you tell it’s a Mahonia?” He paused briefly to admire the plant and then began his energetic description of the plant’s typical fe atures. That evening, while we were watching the sunset together, I texted my childhood friend. “Day I was actually kind of fun,” I started, “but we’ll see how long it takes before I get bored from just identifying plants in the field all day.”But as the weeks of fieldwork rolled by, the boredom I had expected never arrived. I came home from the field each night with sore legs and a sunburned neck, excited by the day’s finds. By picking Sherel’s brain about different species of animals and plants, I discov ered field days are about much more than identification. Each day is an opportunity to learn a little bit more. When the summer was over, I found myself in another field job, this time surveying forest in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula.I’m now a third-year Ph. D. student in ecology. Fieldwork may be buggy, wet, and physically demanding, but working with others helps keep spirits high and the physical activity helps me stay sharp. And it constantly reminds me that any task can present an opportunity to learn — as long as I am open to it.19. Why did the author join the fieldwork in Utah?A．To find out overall trends in data. B．To assess the sage grouse habitat.C．To improve his application letter. D．To realize his mother’s dream.20. On the first day of the fieldwork in Utah, the author ______.A．argued with Sherel B．complained to his friendC．became a leader of his group D．discovered a Mahonia repens21. What does the author think of fieldwork now?A．Easy but interesting. B．Boring but fruitful.C．Tiring but meaningful. D．Repetitive but demanding.22. What can we learn from the passage?A．We should explore fun in daily tasks. B．We should be open to new experiences.C．We should respect the people around us. D．We should be determined about ourgoals.An AI model can be used to detect stress in office workers based on how they use their mouse and keyboard. A new study suggests that a machine-learning model using these two elements was more accurate at detecting stress in people than a model that tracked their heart-rate data.“We saw that the models that just used the mouse and keyboard data performed better than the models that had the heart-rate data in it,” says Mart Naegelin. a Ph. D. student at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, and one of the stu dy’s authors.Naegelin and her fellow researchers used machine-learning models to analyze data on keyboard-typing activity, mouse movements and heart-rate data. They also studied the data of a combination of two or all three of these elements to determine which performed best in terms of measuring stress. They found that the model trained on mouse and keyboard data performed better than the model that used mouse, keyboard and heart rates. Of the single-modality (形态) models, the heart-rate data performed the worst. “The test was conducted in an environment that simulated an office environment, so the results still need to be confirmed in real-life scenarios (情况),” Naegelin says.In the experiment, participants were divided into three groups. A control group carried out assigned tasks, such as planning meetings and collecting data, with no additional work. A second group at times answered questions from managers in person in a mock interview scenario while completing other assigned tasks. And members of a third group were, at certain points, interrupted with additional questions sent through an online chat on top of tasks assigned to other groups. At regular intervals during the experiment, participants were asked to rate their stress levels through a computer questionnaire.Researchers learned that workers made longer, less accurate movements with their mouse, as well as more typing errors, when they were stressed. Shorter, more direct movements with the mouse were tied to lower stress levels. The study didn’t f ocus on why increased levels of stress are thought to affect muscle activity.The researchers say they believe a stress-detection system that logs keyboard and mouse movements might be beneficial as a self-help tool for employees alongside other initiatives to improve workplace mental health. But employee participation would need to be optional and based on informed consent (同意), and companies would need to commit to protecting user privacy.It remains to be seen how this technology will evolve and be adopted in practice, but the potential for AI to contribute positively to employee well-being is an appealing avenue for future exploration.23. What do we know from Naegelin’s study?A．Heart-rate data has little connection with stress.B．Mouse and keyboard data proves effective in stress detection.C．Mouse data performs worst in measuring stress among all models.D．Using more elements in a model increases accuracy in stress detection.24. What is Paragragh 5 mainly about?A．The research process. B．The research findings.C．The research purpose. D．The research background.25. What can we learn from the passage?A．AI models based on mouse and keyboard data have been widely applied.B．Naegelin’s study explains why muscle activity can affect stress levels.C．Employers need to respect employees’ privacy while detecting stress.D．A stress-detection system improves physical health at the workplace.26. What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage?A．To introduce a new model to detect stress.B．To compare different models in stress detection.C．To show the disadvantages of being overstressed.D．To state the importance of a stress-detection system.Frozen in time, a 125-million-year-old mammal attacking a dinosaur. A 39-million-year-old whale, the heaviest animal that ever lived. The oldest known jellyfish, from 505 million years ago. Paleontology (古生物学) produces newsworthy discoveries.Fossils (化石), moreover, provide direct evidence for the long history of life, allowing paleontologists to test hypotheses (假设) about evolution with data only they provide. They allow investigation of present and past life on Earth. Flows of biological diversity, appearances of new life forms and the extinctions of long existing ones, would go undiscovered without these efforts. But the headlines over exciting new fossils greatly underestimate the true importance of paleontology. Its real significance lies in how such discoveries brighten the grand history of life on Earth. From its beginnings, more than three billion years ago, to the present day, fossils record how life adapted or disappeared in the face of major environmental challenges.Paleontologists provide us with a unique vantage on modern climate change. They play an essential role in interpreting ancient environments, in reconstructing ancient oceans, continents and climates. Fossils provide key limitation on the climate models that are essential for predicting future climate change. And the fossil record gives important insights into how life will respond to predicted future climate conditions, because these have occurred before in Earth’s history.In addition, paleontology has provided a fundamental contribution to human thought: the reality of species extinction and thus of a world that has dramatically changed over time. In documenting the history of life, paleontologists recognized that many extinction episodes could occur suddenly, such as the event 66 million years ago that ended the dinosaurs. The search for the causes of past massextinctions started pioneering studies from across the scientific spectrum (科学界), focusing on potential future threats to humanity.Not only do paleontologists know what happens to life when things go bad, they also know how long it takes for ecosystems and biodiversity to recover from these disasters, which can take far longer than modern humans have existed.Paleontologists thus provide a unique perspective on the nature and future long-term ecological impact of the current human-produced biodiversity crisis, the so-called Sixth Extinction, and therefore the importance of protecting modern biodiversity. The very concept of a Sixth Extinction would not exist without paleontologists documenting the first five.Paleontologists know that understanding life’s past is critical to anticipating and adapting to life’s and humanity’s future. Paleontology is important because it brings its unique and critical perspective to current challenges in climate change, biodiversity loss and the environment. Paleontologists can predict the future because they know the past.27. The first two paragraphs are written to _______.A．describe an event B．raise a questionC．present an opinion D．make a comparison28. What does the underlined word “vantage” in Paragraph 3 mean?A．A positive effect. B．A valuable suggestion.C．A quick decision. D．A comprehensive view.29. Which of the following would the author agree with?A．Ecological recovery takes shorter than imagined.B．Past lessons can help to predict the future threats.C．Paleontologists can handle the biodiversity crisis.D．Fossil studies focus on the causes of mass extinctions.30. What’s the best title for the passage?A．Paleontology: A Pioneering StudyB．Paleontology: A History RecorderC．Paleontology Tells More About Nature Than HumansD．Paleontology Is Far More Than New Fossil Discoveries用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。
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－I wish they ______ always late.
A．aren’tB．weren’tC．wouldn’t beD．hadn’t been
4．The manager got to the company in a hurry, only to find that he ______ his laptop back at home.
6．________ nearly all our money, we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel.
A．Having spentB．To spend
C．SpentD．To have spent
7．--Is Jack still in hospital?
--Yes. He _________ the bad food.
My mother passed away when I was ten, and as I looked15, I could see how much of a family man my dad was. He went to work every morning and16to his family every evening. He17food, clothing, warmth, and protection. He was a faithful father.
A．whereB．whatC．thatD．which
2．－Would you like to go cycling with me?
－I’d love to, but I need to have my bike ______ first.
A．fixedB．to fixC．being fixedD．fixing
A．would leaveB．was leavingC．has leftD．had left
5．Why not stay at home ______ the road is so slippery after the heavy snow?
A．in caseB．as long as
C．now thatD．even if
A．wouldn’t eatB．shouldn’t eat
C．wouldn’t have eatenD．shouldn’t have eaten
8．When Alice woke up, she didn’t know how long she ______ there.
A．was lyingB．layC．has been lyingD．had been lying
However, this morning, I stayed seated, just12, with the baby in my arms. The thoughts ran into13of the mornings with my husband, a father rushing out of the door to meet the obligations of life. It was only a small jump to thoughts of my own14.
Setting the baby down, I dialed the18number. I had just realized the19of the ordinary － the daily life going on around us that we often took for granted, and that it needed to be20.
北京市101中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期末英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、单项选择
1．In the movie, Mr. Bean always gets into awkward and absurd situations, ______ greatly amuses audiences around the world.
9．If you had brought your swimming suit with you, we ___________ swimming in the lake now.
A．could goB．could have gone
C．can goD．have gone
10．It was the culture, rather than the language, ________ made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.
“Hi, Dad.” I said,21back tears.
“Hey, Bud. How are you?”22was in his voice.
“Fine, I’m just calling to say…thank you.” I got it out before my throat23too much for me to speak.
A．whereB．why
C．thatD．what
二、完形填空
My husband kissed me goodbye, and then rushed out of the door, into his busy day. With the cold of the morning fading, I fed my baby and it fell fast asleep. Usually I would place it in bed and quickly have the house somewhat in11.