Medical Terminology【精选】

In reading documents with a lot of medical terminology, you may find nothing familiar about the terms. It will seem like a foreign language.
In this lesson you will discover how to understand a new medical term by looking at the word parts. For example when you look at the word nonsense, you know that non- means not or does not, and sense means to be understandable and consistent with reason. So you can put the two meanings together and know that nonsense means something that is not understandable or not consistent with reason. Nonsense means something that does not make sense.
Word roots in medical terminology are usually derived from Greek or Latin and usually refer to a body part.
Examples of Word Roods
Greek Word Word Root
In order to analyze medical words, you need to understand the three main elements that are used to form words: prefixes, root words, and suffixes. There are many terms to each of these elements and it would be impossible to expect you to learn them all, but you will become familiar with some of the most common ones.
o Carcinomata, lipomata
o -sis
o -ses
o Crisis, prognosis
o Crises, prognoses
o -nx
o -ges
o Larynx, pharynx
o Larynges, pharynges
Suffix: Singular vs. Plural
Suffix: Singular vs. Plural
Greek
Singular Suffixes
Plural Suffixes
o -on
o -a
o Spermatozoon, ganglion o Spermatozoa, ganglia
o -ma
o -mata
o Carcinoma, lipoma
Suffix usually indicates a procedure, condition, disease, or part of speech
Usually derived from Greek or Latin
Examples of Suffix
Arthr/o-centesis Arthrocentesis joint puncture puncture of a joint
Word root + word root = Compound word
Chicken + Pox = Chickenpox
Word root
word root
compound word
Examples: underage, shorthand, download, brainstem
Medical Terminology
NURS 1103 or HLSC 2613
Course Description
A study of physiological systems approach to provide principles of medical word building. Provides medical vocabulary including anatomy, physiology, systems, diagnostic testing and pharmacology. This course is appropriate for health care administration, health science students such as nursing, dental hygiene, paramedics, and physical therapy assisting; as well as court reporting and medical transcriptionist students.
When reading for pleasure, you may be able to understand an unknown word because of the context in which it is used and because you have some familiarity with the general subject.
For example: -er, -ing. A medical suffix example is –emia which refers to the blood. Leuk- refers to white blood cells. When combined to leukemia it is the name of a blood disease involving the white blood cells. Notice the root –emia starts with a vowel, so no combining vowel is needed.
Word Roots (WR)
The main part or foundation of the word is the root.
Usually derived form Greek or Latin Frequently indicates a body part Most medical terms have one or more
Usually indicates a body part
Combining Forms Examples
Cardi/ + o = cardi/o gastr/ + o = gastr/o hepat/ + o = hepat/o nephr/ + o = nephr/o oste/ + o = oste/o
In this lesson you will learn the definitions of the three elements used to make up a medical term:
word roots
Suffixes
Prefixes
Chapter 1 Basic Elements of Medical Word
throac/o -tomy chest incision
Thoracotomy incision of the chest
gastr/o -megaly Gastromegaly stomach enlargement enlargement of the stomach
Suffixes are denoted by a hyphen (-) in front of the suffix when they are standing alone.
Main Objective:
Learn Medical Terminology
New students to Medical Terminology often bewildered by strange spelling and pronunciation.
Approximately 75% of Medical Terms are based on either Greek or Latin
anatomy and physiology; common disease states, pharmacological categories and diagnostic tests. Identify the medical terminology in medicalin Singular Suffixes -a
– Vertebra, conjunctiva
-us
– Bacillus, bronchus
-um
– Bacterium, ilium
-is
– Testis
Plural Suffixes -ae
– Vertebrae, conjunctivae
Compound Word
Compound word can also be formed from a combining form and a whole word.
Therm/o + meter = Therm/o/meter
Combining form
word
compound word
word roots
Identify the word root in the following non-medical words:
teacher, teaches, teaching (teach)
speaking, speaker, speaks (speak)
reader, reading, reads (read)
-i
– Bacilli, bronchi
heart stomach liver kidney bone
Compound Word
Compound words can be formed when 2 or more word roots are used to build the word. Sometimes word roots are words.
Kardia (heart)
Cardi
Gaster (stomach) Gastr
Hepar (liver)
Hepat
Nephros (kidney) Nephr
Osteon (bone) oste
Combining Forms (CF)
Combining Form (CF) is a Word Root (WR) plus a vowel, usually an “o”
Suffixes
A suffix is added to the end of a word root to modify its meaning.
The suffix will usually tell what is happening to the root.
A combining vowel is often used to connect a suffix to a root term.
Course Objectives
Apply basic principles of medical word building.
Correctly pronounce medical terms. Define common medical terms. Relate common medical terms to human