语法讲解 定语从句(1)
初中定语从句语法讲解完整版
初中定语从句语法讲解完整版•定语从句基本概念•关系代词引导定语从句目录•关系副词引导定语从句•介词+关系词引导定语从句•特殊类型定语从句•定语从句在句子中成分和位置•总结回顾与拓展延伸01定语从句基本概念定义与作用定义定语从句是对名词或代词进行修饰、限定的从句，其作用是提供更多关于所修饰词的信息。
作用使句子表达更具体、生动，有助于读者或听者更准确地理解所表达的内容。
前置定语通常将定语从句放在被修饰词的前面，如“漂亮的花园”中，“漂亮的”就是前置定语。
将定语从句放在被修饰词的后面，用逗号隔开，如“花园，漂亮的”中，“漂亮的”就是后置定语。
对被修饰词进行必要的限定，使句子意思更明确，如“我喜欢那本红色的书”中，“红色的”就是限定性定语从句。
对被修饰词进行补充说明，去掉后不影响句子意思的完整性，如“我昨天买了本书，它是关于历史的”中，“它是关于历史的”就是非限定性定语从句。
后置定语限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句结构形式与其他从句区别与名词性从句区别名词性从句在句子中充当主语、宾语等成分，而定语从句则充当定语成分，修饰名词或代词。
与状语从句区别状语从句表达主句动作发生的时间、条件、原因等背景信息，而定语从句则对名词或代词进行修饰、限定。
与同位语从句区别同位语从句对前面的名词进行解释说明，两者处于同等地位；而定语从句则对前面的名词进行修饰、限定，处于从属地位。
02关系代词引导定语从句关系代词种类及用法关系代词种类常见的关系代词有who，whom，whose，that，which，as等。
用法关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等，连接先行词和从句，起到桥梁作用。
限制性定语从句中关系代词省略情况省略条件在限制性定语从句中，当关系代词在从句中充当宾语时，可以省略。
示例The book (that) I borrowed from the library is veryinteresting. 我从图书馆借的那本书很有趣。
1.定语从句（形容词性从句）专题讲解
定语从句（Attributive Clause）一关系代词引导的定语从句(who/whom/whose/which/that)1.Who,指代范围是人，句子中充当主语/宾语（限定性定语从句中作宾语可省略）①作主语The boy who is standing there is my cousin.②作宾语The young man(who)Jane loves is standing there.2.Whom,指代范围是人，句子中只充当宾语（限定性定语从句中作宾语可省略）The man(whom) you met yesterday is my teacher.注意：紧接着介词后面作介词的宾语时只能用whom,不用who；如果介词在词尾两者都可以。
①This is the person from whom I learn about news.②This is the person who/whom I learn about news from.不过按照习惯，一般介词都会放在前面，①中那样比较常见。
3.Whose(of whom/of which),指代范围人/物，句子中充当定语①Do you know the boy whose father(the father of whom) is an teacher?②He lives in a house whose windows (the window of which) face south.注意：“介词+关系代词”从句中作定语时被修饰词常常需要提前。
There is a room, the window of which faces the river.4.Which 代指物，句子中充当主语/宾语（限定性定语从句中作宾语可省略）①Children like to read books which have wonderful pictures.②The pen(which) my uncle gave me is missing.注意：which除了指物以外，还可以指代婴儿、动物和表示表示单数意义的集合名词，此外还可以指人的职业、地位或品格等。
定语从句句法讲解
定语从句（一）定语从句：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，它的作用相当于一个形容词，也叫形容词从句（由一个句子来充当定语，叫定语从句）（如果定语是单个词,定语放在被修饰词的前面,如果是词组,定语放在被修饰词的后面）Eg. The book (that he bought yesterday) is worth reading先行词 关系词The girl (who is standing there) is my good friend.先行词 在句子中作成分（二）先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词被称为先行词，先行词可指人或物。
（三）关系词：一．定义：引导定语从句的连接词（引导词）被称为关系词二．作用 引导定语从句连接主句和从句代替先行词在定语从句中担任句子成分三．分类及其用法：关系代词：定语 主、宾、表（其中who whom whose 指人， which 指物， that 指人或物）关系副词： when where why时间状语 地点状语 原因状语表格A ．关系代词用法：1.which(whom)在从句中作介词的宾语时，介词一般可放在原来位置上 也可放在其前面，在含有介词的固定词组中介词只能放在原来的位置上2.只能用that,不用which 的情况（1）先行词前有序数词(数词)或最高级修饰时The first place that we visited in Beijing is the Great wallTom is the cleverest student in his class（2）先行词是不定代词时（something, anything, nothing, all, none, some, little 等）Miss Zhang has told us something that we should do in the holiday.I like all the book that you lent me last week.（3）先行词既有人又有物时They think of people and things that happened in their childhoodThe school and children that he loves moved to another country.（4）先行词前有the only, the very, the same, the last, just 等修饰时The only furniture that he has in the room is a desk（5）先行词有who （或whom ）时Who is the man that is reading a book over there?Who that break the window should be punished ． 谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩罚．Whom that you talked to must be Tom.（6）there be 结构中，先行词指物时There is a book on the desk that I am very interested in.（7）先行词指物，在主句中做表语时This is the book that you borrowed from library（8）先行词是the way或the reason时，that可作关系副词，也可省略It was the way that he solved the problems(9) 先行词为that, this, those 或these且指人时Those who hadn't bought the tickets for the train crowded in the waiting hall.那些还没买着票的人拥挤在候车厅里。
2020年高考英语语法考点讲解与真题分析专题6：定语从句(一)附解析
2020年高考高考语法考点讲解与真题分析06定语从句（一）在主句中作定语的句子叫定语从句。
定语从句又分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
考点一定语从句关系词的选择定语从句关系词的选择是定语从句的重点和难点。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。
关系词的选择可从两个方面入手：一是关系词在从句中所作的成分；二是先行词所指。
关系词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语时，用关系代词；关系词在从句中作状语时，用关系副词。
先行词指人时，关系代词用who, whom, that, whose；先行词指物时，关系代词用which, that, whose。
详见下表：1.关系代词who, whom, which, that引导定语从句关系代词who, whom, which, that在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。
1. The little problems _______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. （2017北京）A.thatB. asC. whereD. when【答案】A【解析】这是一个复合句，主句是The little problems may be inspirations for great inventions，从句是_______ we meet in our daily lives。
从句修饰主句中的problem，是定语从句；关系词在从句中作meet的宾语，应用关系代词，故用that。
2．The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. （2014安徽）A. WhenB. whereC. whyD. which【答案】D【解析】这是一个复合句，主句是The exact year was 2008，从句是_______ Angela and her family spenttogether in China。
定语从句语法讲解
which 的区分
１）I’ll never forget the day ___w__h_e_n__ we first
met in the park. ２）I’ll never forget the
I spent with you.
time
which\that _\_省___略__________
３）I’ll never forget the time _w__h_i_c_h_\_t_h_a__t_
praise He is one of the students in his class who
__h_a_v_e__ (have) got the teacher’s praise
Correct the sentences:
1. I’m using the pen which he bought it yesterday.
(1)先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that
1.Nothing _t_h__a_t_ can be done has been
done.
2.Do you have anything _t_h_a__t_ you
The reason __________ she gave
was not true. which/that/省略
6 定语从句中的动词的数：关系词在定 语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决 于先行词
He is the only one in his class who
__h_a__s__ (have) got the teacher’s
《定语从句》 讲义
《定语从句》讲义一、什么是定语从句在英语语法中，定语从句是一种非常重要的句子结构。
简单来说，定语从句就是在一个句子中充当定语成分的从句。
它用来修饰、限定或说明先行词，即被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
例如：The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting （“that I bought yesterday”就是一个定语从句，修饰先行词“the book”）二、定语从句的构成定语从句通常由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。
关系代词有：that、which、who、whom、whose 等。
关系副词有：when、where、why 等。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分；关系副词在定语从句中充当状语。
三、关系代词的用法1、 that 既可以指人，也可以指物，在定语从句中可以作主语、宾语。
例如：The man that is standing there is my teacher （that 作主语，指人）The book that I bought is very useful （that 作宾语，指物）2、 which 指物，在定语从句中可以作主语、宾语。
例如：The house which was built last year is very beautiful （which 作主语）The pen which you gave me is very nice （which 作宾语）3、 who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
例如：The girl who is singing is my sister （who 作主语）4、 whom 指人，在定语从句中作宾语。
例如：The man whom I met yesterday is very kind （whom 作宾语）5、 whose 表示“……的”，在定语从句中作定语。
例如：The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard （whose 作定语，修饰“father”）四、关系副词的用法1、 when 表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
高中英语必修一语法讲解 定语从句(1)
，定语从句（1）概念引入：She is the girl who sings best of all.她是所有人中唱得最好的。
This is the best film that I have ever seen.这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。
He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry .他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。
Give me the b ook whose cover is green.把那本儿绿皮儿的书给我。
定语从句是我们初中学过的一项语法，上面这些句子与你初中学的有差别吗？是不是有点不同呢？从这个单元开始，我们将学习定语从句的升级版，但还是从头开始学哟。
语法点拨【高清课堂：定语从句一 P1】定语从句的定义 Do you know the girl who came here yesterday? 你认识昨天来的那个女孩吗？The book which he bought the day before yesterday is very good .他前天买的那本书很棒。
He is the man whom we should learn from . 他就是我们应该学习的人。
Her friend whose home is very far came to see her . 她的那位家很远的朋友来看她了。
其中粗体的部分就是定语从句，划横线的部分叫做先行词，也就是被定语从句修饰的词。
定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后 面。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
关系词：上面例子中的关系代词 who, whom, which, that 是用来引导定语从句的连接词。
这些连接词代替先行词在从句中担任一个成分，如主语、宾语或表语。
例如：Those students who study in this school are good at football.（who 代替先行词 students 在从句中充当主语）There is still mu ch homework which we must finish.（which 代替先行词 homework 在从句中充当宾语）关系代词引导的定语从句I. who 和 whom1. who 和 whom 代表人, 当先行词在从句中作主语时用 who 引导，作宾语时用 whom 引导。
高一英语语法——定语从句(1) 教案
一. 教学内容：语法——定语从句〔1〕什么是定语？定语是用来修饰名词或代词的，对其起修饰限制作用。
被修饰的词叫先行词。
英语中可以作定语的词包括形容词〔短语〕，介词短语，非谓语动词等。
→ a pretty girl→ a bottle full of water→the book on the table→the girl standing over there→the school built in 1970此外，句子也可以作定语，也就是定语从句。
→the girl who is standing over there.→the school that was built in 1970.引导词：关系代词和关系副词特点：①连接作用：引导从句，把它和主句连接起来。
②替代作用：在从句中替代它前面的先行词。
③成分作用：在从句中充当句子成分。
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose→A plane is a machine that can fly. (指物，作主语)→The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious.〔指物，作宾语〕→Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be. (指物，作表语)→Let’s ask the man that is reading the book over there.〔指人，作主语〕→The girl (that) we saw yesterday is Jim’s sister. 〔指人，作宾语〕→They planted the trees which didn’t need much water. 〔指物，作主语〕→The fish (which) we bought were not fresh.〔指物，作宾语〕→The boy who broke the window is called Michael.〔指人，作主语〕→The person (whom/who) you talked to is my math teacher. 〔指人，作宾语〕→Miss Flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week.〔指人，作主语〕→This is the house whose window broke last night. 〔指物，作主语〕英语中，定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
(完整版)定语从句语法详解
定语从句语法专题（Attributive Clauses）教案一. 定语从句的概述:1.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
在句中做定语，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。
从句通常放在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。
其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
eg She is the girl（who got the first prize.）girl先行词who充当从句主语, 从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。
the boy是先行词, who broke the window是限制性定语从句, 明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句: 是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子, 复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语, 主句是复合句的主体, 可以独立存在, 从句需要有一个连词引导, 是修饰说明主句的, 不能独立存在, 根据在句中的不同作用, 从句可以分为三类: 定语从句, 名词性从句, 状语从句。
二. 引导定语从句的关系词有两大类:1.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词: that, who, whom, whose, which, as（主, 宾, 定）关系副词: when, where, why.（状语）2.关系词的作用:（1）引导定语从句, 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用；（2）代替先行词在句中充当成分。
定语从句讲解(完整版)
定语从句讲解(完整版)定语从句是一种常见的语法结构，用于对名词或代词进行修饰和限定。
在英语中，定语从句的使用可以使句子更加丰富和准确。
下面，我将为您详细讲解定语从句的构成、用法和注意事项。
一、定语从句的构成定语从句由引导词、关系词和从句组成。
引导词通常是先行词，即被修饰的名词或代词；关系词用于引导定语从句，并将先行词与从句连接起来；从句则是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
1. 引导词：先行词通常是名词或代词，它可以是主语、宾语或表语。
例如：The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）2. 关系词：关系词用于引导定语从句，并将先行词与从句连接起来。
关系词有who、which、that、whom、whose等。
例如： The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）3. 从句：从句是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
从句中通常包含主语、谓语和宾语等成分。
例如：那本书很有趣。
）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
）二、定语从句的用法1. 限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句对先行词起到限定作用，即只有满足定语从句条件的名词或代词才是先行词的准确含义。
限定性定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后，且不能用逗号与主句隔开。
例如： The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。
定语从句 知识点讲解
定语从句知识点讲解定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分。
它用来修饰名词或代词，给出更多的信息，进一步限定或说明这个名词或代词。
一、定语从句的引导词在定语从句中，关系代词和关系副词是引导词，它们引导定语从句的开始，起到连接作用。
1. 关系代词：关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that五个。
- Who用于表示人，在从句中做主语或宾语：This is the man whohelped me.- Whom用于表示人，在从句中做宾语：This is the man whom I met yesterday.- Whose用于表示人或物，在从句中做定语修饰：This is the man whose car was stolen.- Which用于表示物，在从句中做主语或宾语：This is the book whichI borrowed from the library.- That用于表示人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语，通常用于非限制性定语从句：This is the house that Jack built.（限制性）This is the house, which Jack built.（非限制性）2. 关系副词：关系副词有where, when, why三个。
第1页/共4页- Where用于表示地点，在从句中做状语：This is the place where we met.- When用于表示时间，在从句中也做状语：This is the time when we had a meeting.- Why用于表示原因，在从句中也做状语：This is the reason why he was late.二、定语从句的位置定语从句可以放在名词前面或后面，它是修饰名词的重要手段。
1. 定语从句放在名词前面：This is the book that I borrowed from the library.（这是我从图书馆借来的书。
定语从句讲解PPT最全
This recorder （which） he is using is made in Japan.
These are the trees which were planted last year. which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。
which
He is the man (that) I told you about.
the machine = that
the boy =who
the boy’s =whose
in the school = where
关系代词实际上是先行词的复指
关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格
关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词
Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.
3. why
3. why
4. 关系副词的用法注意点
(1)当先行词为time，表示“次数”时，应用关系词that 或省略。如： This is the first time (that) the president has visited the country.
I still remember the day when (= on which) I first came to Nanjing.
My father was born in the year when (= in which) World War Ⅱ broke out.
1. when
1. when
that和which的选择
（2）只用which的情况ose引导的定语从句注意点
【英语语法】定语从句(一)
【热点语法】英语定语从句（一）山东潍坊刘永科一、定语从句概述“定语从句”是英语学习的重点和难点，也是英语高考和其他各类英语考试的必考项目。
它是复合句中三大从句（名词性从句、状语从句和定语从句）之一，也是最难掌握的一种从句。
定语从句的难点在于它的特殊结构，即“先行词+关系代词（关系副词）+从句”。
许多同学分不清哪是先行词或干脆忽略掉先行词的概念，因而不能正确使用关系代词或关系副词，更不清楚定语从句中的一些特殊情况。
因此，要想掌握定语从句，就必须弄懂定语从句的本质，掌握其要点：1. 什么叫先行词？准确判断出定语从句所修饰的先行词；2. 关系代词和关系副词有何区别，正确使用关系代词或关系副词；3. 介词置于关系代词之前的情况；4. 关系代词或关系副词的省略；5. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别；6. 定语从句与强调句型和同位语从句的区别。
二、什么成分可以作定语英语中作定语的成份有许多，形容词、名词、代词、数词、不定式、分词介词短语以及地点方位副词等都可以充当定语。
例如：This is a difficult problem.这是一道难题。
（形容词）The doctor told me to open my mouth and put out my tongue.医生让我张开嘴巴伸出舌头。
（代词）Granny cut the birthday cake into twenty pieces.奶奶把生日蛋糕切成了20块。
（数词）He works in a trade company.他在一家贸易公司上班。
（名词）You should grasp this chance to go abroad.你应该抓住这次出国的机会。
（不定式短语）Do you know the man speaking to our headmaster? 你认识正在跟我们校长说话的那个人吗？（现在分词短语）Most of the people invited to the conference are from Europe.应邀出席会议者大多来自欧洲。
语法一：定语从句
C. in which D. on which
5. New York, ______ I visited last year, is a nice old city.
A. that B. which
A. all of them B. all of whom C. none of whom D. both of them
19. The young mother saw her baby fall to the ground, ______ brought her heart to her mouth.
(4) as为关系代词， “正如、就像”的意思, 引导定从时可置于句首、句中或句末。
注意：在非限制性定从中，不能用that。
2. 一些特殊用法：
1) 一般只用that引导从句的情况：
(1) 限制性定语从句中，当先行词被强调，如被any, every, each, few, little, no, some, the only, the very等修饰时；
13. The school ______ my father teaches is a world-famous one, ______was set up 100 years ago.
A. where; which B. which; which C. /; where D. where; that
语法专题一：定语从句
1. 定语从句的几个基本概念：
1) 先行词：即被定语从句修饰的名次或代词，通常位于定从的前面。
2) 先行词在从句中担当成份：根据不同成份，用相应的关系代词或关系副词。
定语从句讲解(1)
定语从句一、定语从句1．定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关联词。
2．定语从句在选择关联词that与which时，常常容易出错，所以应记住什么时候只能用that，什么时候只能用which.（1）．只能用that的情况归纳4种：即先得词被序数词最高级修饰过；先行词为all、everything、nothing等不定代词；先行词同时是人和物并列时；最后先行词分别被the only、the very the s a me、the last修饰。
请看下列四组例句，注意其先行词：①．The first thing that we should do is to work ou t a plan.②．I t almost seemed as if the good man were trying to teach us all that he knew at this lesson.③．Later my father and Mr.Crosset talked for a bo u t half a four of things and persons that they r e me mbe r e d in school.④．This is the very dictionary that I want to find.（2）．只用which is情况有两种情况：一是非限制性定语从句，关联词要用which；二是做介词宾语时只能用which。
请看下列两组例句：I said nothing,which made him mo r e angry.I have the book abo u t which you are talking.三、在定语从句的非限制性定语中，which和as是容易混淆的。
在很多情况下两者兼可互换，但在下列情况中不可互换：1、通常As可以放在整句的句首，而which，只能在逗号之后，as本身含有“正如”，as在定语从句中既可是主语也可做宾语As appear from her paper,she has r ead widely in Romantic literature.She is remarkable,as I have told you.2、which在做非限制性定语从句关联词时可以无明确先行词，指前句整个的意思，如：She has married again,which surprises us.四、在定语从句中，许多人往往分不清all that和what,what实际上只引导名词性从句，它相当于all that两个字，例如：All that I know is that he has made up his mind t o heave the country for a new place.=what I know is that……定语从句知识要点：一、限定性定语从句：种类先行词关联词例句说明（人）who This is the doctor who saved who在从句中做主语定语从在从句中做主语或宾语物在从句中做主the boy’s life.whom在从句中做宾这就是救了孩子生命的医生。
语法讲解：定语从句
定语从句一．定义定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用………的‟表示。
充当定语的有：主要由形容词担任。
此外，名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式（短语）、分词。
定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句。
二．分类(一)..限定性定语从句1. that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。
而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括当先行词是anything, everything, nothing ,few, all, none, little, some等代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时等，这时的that常被省略4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句6. when引导定语从句表示时间［注］值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I met her. Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which 调换,表达的意思一样.8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导There is somebody here who wants to speak to you. 这里有人要和你说话。
语法 定语从句
定语从句（1）一、基本概念（一）定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
（二）先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。
但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。
（三）关系代词和关系副词定语从句的引导词。
与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。
关系代词有：who, whom, which, that和whose, 另外，as也可充当关系代词。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。
关系副词有：when, where和why。
在定语从句中充当状语。
二、关系代词的用法（一）基本用法根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。
如下表：例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）① Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （作主语）② I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （作主语）③ The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （作宾语）④ This is the new secretary (who/whom/that)I would like to introduce to you.（作宾语）⑤ The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay.（作定语）注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。
（见上例③④）（二）关系代词that代替which的一些情况which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。
但在有些情况下，只用that。
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定语从句（1）概念引入：She is the girl who sings best of all.她是所有人中唱得最好的。
This is the best film that I have ever seen.这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。
He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry.他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。
Give me the book whose cover is green.把那本儿绿皮儿的书给我。
定语从句是我们初中学过的一项语法，上面这些句子与你初中学的有差别吗？是不是有点不同呢？从这个单元开始，我们将学习定语从句的升级版，但还是从头开始学哟。
语法点拨【高清课堂：定语从句一P1】，定语从句的定义Do you know the girl who came here yesterday? 你认识昨天来的那个女孩吗？The book which he bought the day before yesterday is very good.他前天买的那本书很棒。
He is the man whom we should learn from. 他就是我们应该学习的人。
Her friend whose home is very far came to see her. 她的那位家很远的朋友来看她了。
其中粗体的部分就是定语从句，划横线的部分叫做先行词，也就是被定语从句修饰的词。
定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
关系词：上面例子中的关系代词who, whom, which, that是用来引导定语从句的连接词。
这些连接词代替先行词在从句中担任一个成分，如主语、宾语或表语。
例如：Those students who study in this school are good at football.（who代替先行词students在从句中充当主语）There is still much homework which we must finish.（which代替先行词homework在从句中充当宾语）关系代词引导的定语从句I. who和whom1. who和whom代表人, 当先行词在从句中作主语时用who引导，作宾语时用whom引导。
The girl who is singing is my best friend. 正在唱歌的女孩是我最好的朋友。
（who代替先行词the girl在从句中作主语）His friend who works as a doctor is very interesting. 他那当医生的朋友很有趣。
（who代替先行词His friend在从句中作主语）I have to find the boy whom I saw yesterday. 我得找到昨天见的那个男孩。
■(whom代替先行词the boy在从句中saw的宾语)He is the man whom I met yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
（whom代替先行词the man在从句中作met的宾语）练一练：who还是whom？1. The man _______ is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.2. Do you know the girl _______ I talked to just now?3. Is he the man _______ wants to see you?答案：1. who 2. whom 3. who2.whom在定语从句中充当宾语时常可省略，注意whom可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语，而介词提前时whom不能省略。
Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.刘先生就是你们在公交车上谈论的那个人。
Ling Feng is just the boy (whom) I want to see. (whom代表先行词the boy作动词see的宾语) 凌峰就是我想见的那个男孩。
This is the girl (whom) he worked with. (whom代表先行词the girl作介词with的宾语)这就是同他一起工作的女孩。
This is the girl with whom he worked. (whom不能省略)3. 在口语和非正式语体中关系代词whom常用who代替，可省略。
The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 你刚才见到的那个人是我的朋友。
II. which先行词是事物，在从句中作主语或宾语时，我们就用which引导定语从句。
同样，在从句中作宾语时可以省略，但是此介词提前，不能省略。
They had a radio which could send out messages. (代替先行词radio在从句中作主语)他们有一个能发出信息的收音机。
He told us a story which made everyone laugh. (代替先行词story在从句中作主语)他讲了一个让我们人人发笑的故事。
Where is the car (which) you bought last month? (代替先行词car在从句中作宾语，可省)你上个月买的车在哪儿呢？The package (which) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which在从句中作宾语）你拿的包快散了。
Sports, without which you remain poor, mean a lot in life. (2014 福建高考)运动在生活中非常重要，没有它你会惨兮兮的。
III. thatthat前的先行词可以是人也可以是物。
指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。
that在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises by one million.来这个城市参观的人数每年增加一百万。
Where is the man (that/whom) I saw this morning? 我今天上午看见的那个人在哪儿？I’ve got a novel (that/which) you may like to read. 我弄到一本你或许想看的小说。
IV. whosewhose可以指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语，表示“……（先行词）的”，若指物，可以同of which互换。
…the prince went to the house looking for the girl whose foot fit the shoe… (2014 福建高考) ……王子去那幢房子，寻找脚能穿上那只鞋的女孩儿……(whose foot 指女孩儿的脚)I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. (whose roof指房子的屋顶)我曾经住在一个屋顶塌陷的房子里。
The classroom whose door (=the door of which) is broken will soon be repaired.门坏了的那间教室很快就会被修好。
Do you like the book whose cover (=the cover of which) is yellow?你喜欢那本封面是黄色的书吗？必须用that作为连接词的情况技巧1 看先行词是什么东西。
1.当先行词是all, anything, nothing, everything, none, much, little, few, the one等不定代词时。
He did everything that he could to save the patient. 他做了能做的一切来挽救这个病人。
I mean the one that was sold yesterday. 我的意思是说昨天被卖掉的那个。
There’s nothing in the world that can defeat him. 这世界上没有能打败他的东西。
All that I want is peace and quiet. 我想要的一切就是和平宁静。
2. 当先行词既有人又有物时。
Look at the girl and her dog that are crossing the street.快看正在过街的小姑娘和她的小狗。
We’ve still remember things and persons that appeared in the school.我们还记起来发生在学校的一些人和事。
技巧2看先行词被什么修饰。
1.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
The first lesson that they learned is the most difficult of all.他们学的第一课是最难的一课。
This is the most interesting book that I’ve ever read. 这是我读过的最有意思的一本书。
2. 当先行词被the very, the only修饰时This is the very book that I’m interested in. 这正是我感兴趣的那本书。
The only thing that we could do was to wait. 我们能做的唯一的事情就是等待。
3. 当先行词被all, any, every, no, only, very, last, next, one of等词所修饰时。
You can take any seat that is free. 你可以坐任何一个空座。
I have read all the books (that) you gave me. 我已经读完了你给我的所有书。
注意：以which, who等开头的疑问句中，用that引导从句，以避免重复。
Which is the car that killed the old lady? 要了老太太的命的是哪辆车？不能用that作为连接词的情况。