高二英语必修五第3单元知识点

Unit 3 Life in the future (知识点剖析)
（一）单词·巧记·典句·考点
1. vehicle［v'i：ikl］n.交通工具；车辆
【经典例句】The street is dominated by car vehicles.街道上满是车辆。

【考点聚焦】1）vehicle 特指陆地上的交通工具。

2）vehicle还可以指“（思想、情报的）传达手段、媒介”，如：
This radio station has become a vehicle for conservative opinion.
这家电台已成为保守派意见的传播管道。

2. private[p'rivit] adj.私人的；私有的
【经典例句】This is private parking lot, you cannot park here.这是私人的停车点，你不能在这里停车。

【考点聚焦】1）固定搭配：in private 秘密的；不公开的；私下的反义词：in public 公开的；公众的2）同根词：privacy n.私生活；隐私如：
Telling that on TV was invasion of her privacy.在电视上谈论那件事侵犯了她的隐私权。

']n.印象；感想；印记
3. impression[im pre
【经典例句】His speech made quite an impression on the audience.他的演说给听众留下了相当好的印象。

【考点聚焦】1）固定搭配：leave/make/have a...impression 给某人留下……印象
be under the impression that... 觉得；以为
his impression of her=her impression on him 她给他留下的印象
2）其动词形式impress用法：impress 作“使（某人）印象深刻”时，通常用于被动语态：be impressed by/at/with sth.或be impressed on one’s mind/memory。

如：
The teachers were most impressed by your performance in the exam.
所有老师被你们的考试成绩所深深感动。

4. constantly[k'nst ntli]adv.不断地
【经典例句】His report was constantly interrupted by applause.他的报告频频被掌声所打断。

【考点聚焦】constantly经常和进行时连用，如：
I’m constantly telling her to beh ave herself.我不断地告诉她要守规矩。

5. remind [ri m'aind]vt. 提醒；使想起
【经典例句】The sight of the clock reminded me that I was late.看到钟使我想起我已经迟到了。

【考点聚焦】1)固定搭配：remind...of...使……回想起；意识到……，如：
The play reminds me of the war years.这部戏剧使我想起了战争年代。

2）作“回忆起”解时，其同义词为recall。

如：
I recall stories that my father told me years ago.我还记得爸爸几年前给我讲的故事。

6. opening[ 'p ni] n.通路；开口；开端
【经典例句】He put a gate across the opening in the fence.他在围墙的开口处安了一个门。

【考点聚焦】opening意为“开口；洞口；空缺”时，为可数名词；当意为“开始；开头”时，为不可数名词。

如：The sheep got out through an opening in the fence.羊从围栏的破洞中跑了出去。

7. lack [læk] n. &v.缺乏；没有
【经典例句】n.She showed a lack of humor.她缺少幽默。

v. A coward lacks courage.怯懦者缺乏勇气。

【考点聚焦】辨析lack与shortage：
lack是一个通用性名词，指整体或局部的不足；
shortage在表示局部欠缺方面与lack同义，但它在指固定的、必须的或一般习惯量的总数不足时，比lack 所表示的不足更甚。

for lack of 因缺乏……have no lack of 不缺乏……
lack for nothing 一无所缺be lacking in 缺乏
8. press[pres] n. &v.按；压；逼迫；印刷；新闻
【经典例句】v.He pressed the doorbell.他按了门铃。

n.The book was favorably noticed by the press.此书颇获新闻界好评。

【考点聚焦】固定搭配：press on/upon
1）努力继续或前进，如：The boys pressed on in spite of the wind.男孩子们不顾大风继续前进。

2）把……强加于，迫使接受，如：
I wish he’d stop trying to press his views upon his students.但愿他不再把他的观点强加给学生。

9. sight[sait] n.视力；视觉；见
Crusoe was frightened at the sight of a man’s footprint.克鲁索看到一行人的脚印，他非常害怕。

【考点聚焦】1）sight 作不可数名词，意思是“视力；目光”。

作为可数名词时，意为“光景，奇观”。

2）注意sights意为“名胜” Last summer we had seen the sights of Beijing.去年夏天我们游览了北京的名胜。

lose one’s sight 失明catch sight of 看见
lose sight of 看不见in sight 看得见
out of sight 看不见at the sight of 一看见……
10. assist［s'ist］vi.&vt.帮助；援助；协助
【经典例句】We all assisted in mending the roof.我们都帮忙修理屋顶。

【考点聚焦】同根词：assistance n.帮助；援助；assistant n.助手；助理
assist（sb.）in/with sth.辅助（某人）某事
assist（sb.）in doing sth.辅助（某人）做某事
assist（sb.）to do sth.辅助（某人）做某事
11. require[ri k'wai] vt.需要；要求；命令
【经典例句】All cars require servicing regularly.所有汽车都需要定期检修。

【考点聚焦】1）固定搭配：require sth.（of sb.）命令，指示，如：
I will do everything that is required of me.凡是要求我的事，我都会办到。

2）require 接宾语从句时，宾语从句须用should do的形式，其中should 可以省略。

如:
The situation requires that I（should）be there.形势需要我去那儿。

（二）短语·
1. take up 拿起；接受；开始；继续
【经典例句】Take care not to take up the hot coals with your bare hands.小心不要光着手去拿热煤块。

【考点聚焦】相关短语：take up with 与……交往；与……鬼混；就……请教……如：
Bob’s parents were alarmed to find that he had taken up with a group of very rough boys.
鲍勃的父母吃惊地发现他和一群粗野的男孩厮混在一起。

2. as a result（of）结果；由于……的结果
【经典例句】He worked hard，and as a result，he got promoted quickly.他工作努力，被提拔得很快。

【考点聚焦】1）as a result(of)的用法：as a result 不是连词，只能作状语。

如：
He was late as a result of the traffic jam.
=There was a traffic jam. As a result，he was late.由于交通阻塞，他迟到了。

as a result of 只能接名词、代词、动名词及what 引导的宾语从句。

如：
He was late for school as a result of a serious traffic jam.他上学迟到是因为交通严重堵塞。

in the result 结果是with the result that 为此；因此
without result 毫无结果；徒劳result in/lead to 结果为……；终归；导致
result from/lie in 因为；源自
3. sweep up 打扫；横扫
【经典例句】Did you sweep up all the broken glass?你把打碎的玻璃全扫起来了吗？
【考点聚焦】sweep up 意为“打扫；清扫”，经常引申为“横扫；掠过；拥向”。

如:
The strong wind swept up the leaves off the street.大风把街上的树叶一扫而光。

4. speed up 加速
【经典例句】The car sped up when there was no one.没有人时汽车加速了。

【考点聚焦】和speed搭配的常见短语：
at a speed of 以……的速度with speed 快速地at full/top speed 全速地
5. lose sight of... 不再看见……
【经典例句】Almost in a flash,I lost sight of the creature.几乎是一刹那间，那个东西在我的眼前消失了。

【考点聚焦】反义短语：catch/gain/get sight of 瞥见；看见
Unit 3 知识点练习
单项填空
1、She spoke very confidently because she wanted to make a great on her employer at the first time.
A. Influence
B. pressure
C. Impression
D. Effect
(1)单项填空
2、Though money, his parents managed to send him to university.
A. Lacked
B. lacking of
C. Lacking
D. lacked in
(2)完成句子
①因为缺乏兴趣这次旅行被取消了。

The trip was cancelled through .
②他缺乏信心。

He .
3、For miles around me there was nothing but a desert, without a single plant or tree .
A. in sight
B. on earth
C. at a distance
D. in place
（2）我们失去了许多珍贵的动物。

We several precious animals.
4、In competition, women are required some of their exercises music.
A. perform; to
B. to perform; to
C. performing; with
D. to perform; by
5、All the people present agreed that the matter required .
A. to look into
B. being looked into
C. to be looked
D. looking into
用assist的相关短语填空
①The young nurse was very nervous when she in her first operation.
②A team of nurses the doctor performing the operation.
③She employed a woman to her the housework.
④Good glasses will you read.
6、In Singapore, a southeastern Asian country, the Chinese people the largest percentage of
its population, so you can speak Chinese there.
A. make up
B. take up
C. hold up
D. turn up
7、Since the 2008 Olympic Games Beijing has taken a new look everywhere.
A、Up B. on C. over D. Off
用sweep up的适当形式填空
①After the party, the house needed .
②The leaves were into the air by the strong wind.
①即使被打死，他仍然保守秘密。

②可能的话，到机场来接我。

③过马路时，孩子们被要求停下观望，再手牵手通过。

8、His head soon appeared out of the window, he saw nothing but trees.
A、Where B. which C. there D. from where
Unit 3 知识点题答案
1:选C。

make an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象。

2、选C。

考查分词作状语。

his parents与lack之间呈主谓关系，所以应用现在分词作状语；lack作动词时不与of搭配，所以答案选C。

(2)①lack of interest ②lacks confidence
3、选A。

in sight为固定搭配，意为“看得到”；on earth用在疑问句或否定句中，用来加强语气，意为“究竟；到底”；at a distance意为“在远处”。

(2)have lost sight of
4、选B。

be required to do sth.意为“被要求做某事”。

第二个空的to是介词意为“随着，伴着”。

5、选D。

require, want, need表示“需要”，当其主语是动作的承受者时，其后的宾语常用动词不定式的被动形式或动名词的主动形式。

答案：①was assisting ②assisted; in
③assist; with ④assist; to
6、选A。

考查短语辨析。

make up编造; 弥补; 组成; 构成；take up拿起来; 占据(时间或空间)；hold up
阻止；turn up开大; 调高; 出现。

7、选B。

考查短语辨析。

take on呈现; take up拿起; 从事; take off脱下; take over接管。

答案：①sweeping up ②swept up
答案: ①Though beaten to death, he still kept the secret.
②If possible, please come to meet me at the airport.
③When crossing the road, the children are required to stop to look around and walk hand in hand.
8、:选D。

该句是非限制性定语从句，尽管先行词可以表示地点，但句中强调目光的发出地，所以应用介词from+关系副词where。