高级英语写作-修辞
英语专业高级英语修辞介绍及例句
An Introduction to Figures of Speech(修辞格)Rhetoric(修辞学、说话技巧)1.Simile(明喻)Simile is an expression of comparison between two different things. It is usually introduced by “as”“as if”or “like”, and sometimes also by “as…as/as…so”, and “resemble” as the signs of comparison.明喻就是打比方，指一事物像另一事物的修辞格。
常用的比喻词有“as” ,“as if”or “like”, and sometimes also by “as…so /as…as”, and “resemble”等1). Mercy drops as the gentle rain from heaven upon the place beneath. —Shakespeare2). Thecheque fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing.3).The apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist. ------砸得粉碎4). Self-criticism is as necessary to us as air to water.5). As a man whispers, so the breeze makes a low, hissing sound.6). Learning resembles scaling the heights.2. Metaphor(隐喻/暗喻)＊＊Metaphor contains an implied comparison, it calls one thing by the name of another or one thing is described in terms of another.隐喻是一种隐含着比喻的修辞格，它直接把一种事物比为另一种事物，不用比喻词，通常比较含蓄。
高级英语修辞总结
Rhetorical Devices一、明喻simile是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比,表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系,两者都在对比中出现;常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等,例如：1、This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.这头象和任何人见到的一样像一条蛇;2、He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me likea spirit.他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来,像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去;3、It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something. 它那长长的叶子在风中摆动,好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的;二、隐喻metaphor这种比喻不通过比喻词进行,而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写,甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的;1、German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets...德国人的枪炮和飞机将炸弹、炮弹和子弹像暴雨一样倾泻下来;2、The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.钻石部是商店的心脏和核心;三、Allusion暗引其特点是不注明来源和出处,一般多引用人们熟知的关键词或词组,将其融合编织在作者的话语中;引用的东西包括典故、谚语、成语、格言和俗语等;英语引用最多的是源出圣经故事以及希腊、罗马神话、伊索寓言和那些源远流长的谚语、格言等;例如：1、Grammar may be his heel of Achilles.语法是他的大弱点;Achilles是希腊神话中的一位勇士;除了脚踵处,他身上其他地方刀枪不入;2、The project is an economic albatross from the start.这个项目从一开始就是一个摆脱不了的经济难题;Albatross是英国诗人柯勒律治的古舟子咏中的信天翁,它被忘恩负义的水手杀死后,全船陷入灾难中;四、提喻synecdoche又称举隅法,主要特点是局部代表全体,或以全体喻指部分,或以抽象代具体,或以具体代抽象;例如：1、The Great Wall was made not only of stones and earth, but of the flesh and blood of millions of men.长城不仅是用石头和土建造的,而且是用几百万人的血和肉建成的;句中的“the flesh and blood”喻为“the great sacrifice”巨大的牺牲2、“...saying that it was the most beautiful tongue in the world,...”……他说这是世界上最美的语言;这里用具体的“tongue”代替抽象的“language”;3、Many eyes turned to a tall,20—year black girl on the . team.很多人将眼光投向美国队一个高高的20岁的黑姑娘;这里的“many eyes”代替了“many persons”;五、转喻/借代metonymy是指两种不同事物并不相似,但又密不可分,因而常用其中一种事物名称代替另一种;1、Several years later, word came that Napoleonyh himself was coming to inspect them... 几年以后,他们听说拿破仑要亲自来视察他们;“word”在这里代替了“news, information”消息、信息2、Al spoke with his eyes, “yes”.艾尔用眼睛说,“是的”;“说”应该是嘴的功能,这里实际上是用眼神表达了“说话的意思”;六、拟人personification这种修辞方法是把人类的特点、特性加于外界事物之上,使之人格化,以物拟人,以达到彼此交融,合二为一;1、Necessity is the mother of invention.需要乃是发明之母;2、She is the favoured child of Fortune她是幸运之宠儿;两句中名词mother和child通常用于人,而这里分别用于无生命的名词invention 和Fortune,使这两个词拟人化了;七、夸张hyperbole这是运用丰富的想象,过激的言词,渲染和装饰客观事物,以达到强调的效果;1、My blood froze. 我的血液都凝固了;2、When I told our father about this, his heart burst.当我将这件事告诉我们的父亲时,他的心几乎要迸出来;3、My heart almost stopped beating when I heard my daughter’s voice on the phone.从电话里一听到我女儿的声音,我的心几乎停止跳动;八、Understatement: 含蓄陈述It is the opposite of hyperbole, or overstatement. It achieves its effect of emphasizing a fact by deliberately understating it, impressing the listener or the reader more by what is merely implied or left unsaid than by bare statement.1、 It is no laughing matter.九、双关语pun是以一个词或词组,用巧妙的办法同时把互不关联的两种含义结合起来,以取得一种诙谐有趣的效果;Napoleon was astonished. ”Either you are mad, or I am,”he declared. “Both,sir”cried the Swede proudly.“Both”一词一语双关,既指拿破仑和这位士兵都是疯子,又指这位战士参加过拿破仑指挥的两次战役;十、讽刺irony是指用含蓄的褒义词语来表示其反面的意义,从而达到使本义更加幽默,更加讽刺的效果;Well, of course, I knew that gentlemen like you carry only large notes.啊,当然,我知道像你这样的先生只带大票子;店员这句话意在讽刺这位穿破衣的顾客：像你这样的人怎么会有大票子呢名为“gentlemen”实则“beg gar”而已;十一、Euphemism委婉修辞法就是用转弯抹角的说法来代替直截了当的话,把原来显得粗鲁或令人尴尬的语言温和、含蓄地表达出来;这在汉语中叫委婉语;例如：用sanitation engineer替代garbage man清洁工用the disadvantaged替代the poor穷人用industrial action替代strike罢工十二、Transferred epithet移就/转类形容词是采用表示性质和特征的形容词或相当于形容词的词来修饰、限定与它根本不同属性的名词;这种修辞手法能与汉语中的移就基本相似;例如：The doctor's face expressed a kind of doubting admiration.用"疑惑"修饰限定"钦佩"医生的脸上流露出钦佩而又带有疑惑的神情;十三、矛盾修辞法Oxymoron用两种不相调和,甚至截然相反的特征来形容一项事物,在矛盾中寻求哲理,以便收到奇警的修辞效果,这就是矛盾修辞法,用这种方法,语言精炼简洁,富有哲理,并产生强大的逻辑力量,产生一种出人意料,引人入胜的效果;例如：in bitter-sweet memories, orderly chaos混乱 and proud humility侮辱.十四、仿拟Parody根据家喻户晓的成语或谚语,临时更换其中的某个部分,造成新的成语或谚语；或者根据古今名言警句,在保持其原句不变的情况下,更换其中部分词语,这种修辞方式叫仿拟;1、To lie or not to lie-the doctor's dilemma撒谎还是不撒谎——医生的难题看到这个标题,我们不禁想起莎翁戏剧Hamlet中那个永远也解不透的句子“To be or not to be, that is the question”;显然,文章的题目由此模仿而来,给人印象深刻;2、Lady hermits who are down but not out穷困而不潦倒的女隐士们文中的down but not out 源于down and out,原是拳击比赛的术语,后来喻指穷困潦倒的人;十五、Antithesis 对句、平行对照它是把意义相反或相对的语言单位排列在平行、对称的结构里,以求取一种匀称的形式美和强烈的对照感;Antithesis 有两个特点:一是语义上的对照性,二是结构上的对称性;因此, 该辞格可看作是Parallelism平行与Contrast 对照的结合,故译作“平行对照”;体现Antithesis 的语言单位可分为两个层次,即词语和句子, 所以又将Antithesis 译为“对语”、“对句”;英语Antithesis 形式整齐对称,音律节奏铿锵,内容既适于反衬对照,又适于重复强调,在形、音、义各方面都具有鲜明的修辞功能;Antithesis 的使用能揭示事物的矛盾性,对照的语句往往说得巧妙机智,寓意深刻,蕴含着某种人生的哲理或真谛,常见于英语谚语、名言、演说及文学作品中;例如: 1、Knowledge makes humble , ignorance makes proud. Proverb有知使人谦卑, 无知使人骄矜;2、A pessimist is one who makes difficulties of his opportunities ; an optimist is onewho makes opportunities of his difficulties.悲观的人把机会变成困难; 乐观的人将困难化为机会;3、Ask not what your country can do for you —ask what you can do for your country. John Kennedy: Inaugural Address不要问国家能为你们做些什么,而要问你们能为国家做些什么;上述两个例句体现了一种特殊的Antithesis ,句中同样采用“交错配列法”,用词巧妙,交叉重复,前后对照,含义隽永;十六、头韵法alliteration头韵是一种语音修辞方式,它指在文句中有两个以上连结在一起的词或词组,其开头的音节有同样的字母或声音,以增强语言的节奏感;常用于文章的标题、诗歌及广告语中,简明生动,起到突出重点,加深印象,平衡节奏,宣泄感情的作用;How and why he had come to Princeton, New Jersey is a story of struggle, success, and sadness.十七、拟声onomatopoeia是摹仿自然界中非语言的声音,其发音和所描写的事物的声音很相似,使语言显得生动,富有表现力;1、On the root of the school house some pigeons were softly cooing.在学校房屋的屋顶上一些鸽子正轻轻地咕咕叫着;2、She brought me into touch with everything that could be reached or felt——sunlight, the rustling of silk, the noises of insects, the creaking of a door, the voice of a loved one.她使我接触到所有够得着的或者感觉得到的东西,如阳光呀,丝绸摆动时的沙沙声呀,昆虫的叫声呀,开门的吱嗄声呀,亲人的说话声呀;十八、Epigram: 警句It states a simple truth pithily有利地 and pungently强烈地. It is usually terse and arouses interest and surprise by its deep insight into certain aspects of human behavior or feeling., save the poor, feel for the poor.十九、Climax: 渐进It is derived from the Greek word for "ladder" and implies the progression of thought at a uniform or almost uniform rate of significance or intensity, like the steps of a ladder ascending evenly.came, I saw, I conquered.二十、Chiasmus回文、交错法两个排比结构中第二个所用的修辞上的倒装She went to Paris; to New York went he.二十一、Paradox似非而是的隽语这是一种貌似矛盾,但包含一定哲理的意味深长的说法消极修辞Passive Rhetoric Techniques 和积极修辞Active~积极修辞Active Rhetoric Techniques有相对固定格式的修辞性写作技巧;常见分类如下：1．词义修辞格Lexical Stylistic Devicesmetaphor比喻, metonymy借代, personification拟人, irony反语, hyperbole夸张,understatement低调, euphemism委婉语, contrast对照, oxymoron矛盾修辞法,transferred epithet移就, pun双关, parody仿拟, paradox隽语2．结构修辞格Syntactical Stylistic Devicesrepetition反复, , chiasmus回文, parallelism平行结构, antithesis对句, rhetoric question设问, anticlimax突降,climax 渐进3．音韵修辞格Phonetic Stylistic Devicesalliteration头韵, onomatopoeia拟声高级英语第五册修辞1. Allusion:L1-25: Let us be dissatisfied until that day… none shall be afraid. a biblical allusion: the 1ion and the lamb shall lie down together; every man will sit under his own vine and fig tree and none shall be afraidL5-64: We went to the Knoll, the campus trysting place, and we sat down under an old oak… An implied allusion to Robin Hood, whose trysting place was undera huge oak tree in Sherwood Forest.L5-138: I was not Pygmalion; I was Frankenstein, and my monster had me by the throat. L10-8: Overnight… surreal episodes…a sword of Damocles2. Parody:L10-25: Is our democracy… of libertyThis is a parody of a line in Patrick Henry’s speech: “Is life so dear or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery ”3. Metonymy:L4-1: No demand was made upon the family purse. “purse” stands for moneyL4-2: But to show you how little I deserve to be called a professional woman…with my neighbors. Butcher’s bills stand for meat bought from a butcher.L5-23: She was, to be sure, a girl who excited the emotions. But 1 was not one to let my heart rule my head. to let my heart rule my head: Metonymy. “Heart”stands for “feelings and emotions” and “head” for “reason and good sense”.L5-105: …surgeons have X-rays to guide them during an operation. X-rays stand for X-rays photographsL10-2: Anthrax panic… chambers “Congress” stands for its members4. Synecdoche:L1-25: Let us be dissatisfied until from every city hall… a mighty stream.city hall the naming of a part to mean the whole. Here, the naming of the building for thegovernmentL4-2: But to show you how little I deserve to be called a professional woman…with my neighbors. bread and butter: This set phrase means food and the mostimportant and basic things.5. Transferred epithet:L1-25: Let us be dissatisfied until the tragic walls… the forces of justice. the tragic wallsL5-40: I said with a mysterious wink… the wink was not mysteriousL7-6: our bare upper bodies touching and shining with anticipatory sweat In “anticipatory sweat”, the adjective “anticipatory “ is atransferred epithet.L7-25: He kept coming, bringing the rank sharp violence of stale sweat. the rank sharp violence: Logically rank and sharp modify “stale sweat”, not “violence”.6. Oxymoron:L12-16: And any man or woman… chalice of Fame. willingly drinking the poisoned chalice7. Hyperbole:L5-5: It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect. exaggerating for effectL5-50: …he just stood and stared with mad lust at the coat. It’s an exaggeration to describe his longing for the coat as “mad lust”L5-135: You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars and the constellations of outer space.L5-135: I will wander the face of the earth, a shambling, hollow-eyed hulk.8. Understatement or litotes:L5-61: This loomed as a project of no small dimensions, and at first 1 was tempted to give her back to Petey. no small dimensions9. Contrast:L3-22: A contrast is made between old Shanghai and Shanghai in the 1990s.L8-3: While Oppenheimer was interrupting…. had invented the subject. an implied contrastL10-25: How do we… poiseparanoia vs. poise10. Antithesis:L1-5: As long as. . . can never be free. mind vs. body, enslaved vs. freeL1-5: Psychological freedom. . . physical slavery. psychological freedom vs. physical slaveryL1-7: …love is identified…denial of love 1ove vs. power, a resignation of power vs. denial of loveL1-19: For through violence…but you can’t murder hate. You may murder a murderer but you can’t murder murder.L1-25: outer city of wealth and comfort vs. inner city of poverty and despair; wealth vs. poverty economic;comfort vs. despairmood, psychologydark yesterdays vs. bright tomorrows;segregated schools vs. integrated educationon the basis of the content of their character vs. on the basis of the color of their skincontentsubstance vs. color superficialcharacterfundamental vs. skin outward appearanceL1-27: When our days…into bright tomorrow.dark yesterday VS. bright tomorrowL5-27: It is, after all, easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girl beautiful.beautiful dumb vs. ugly smartL5-50: Back and forth his head swiveled, desire waxing, resolution waning.Desire waxing vs. resolution waningL5-153: Look at me—a brilliant student, a tremendous intellectual, a man with an assured future. Look at Petey—a knot-head, a jitterbug, a guy who’ll never know where his next meal is coming from.Brilliant, intellectual and assured vs. knot-head, jitterbug and never know where his next meal is coming from”11. Epigram:L1-20: He who hates… ultimate reality.12. Paradox:L1-18: Without recognizing this…that don’t explain.paralleled paradoxes: solutions that don’t solveanswers that don’t answerexplanations that don’t explainL1-27: When our days…into bright tomorrow. to make a way out of no way13. Chiasmus:L1-9: It is precisely this collision… of our times. immoral power vs. powerless moralityL6-6: Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence.14. Anaphora:L1-25: let us be dissatisfied…15. Onomatopoeia:L3-14: click。
高级英语修辞以及paragraph
高级英语修辞以及paragraphLesson11 We can batten down and ride it out.--metaphor 隐喻2 Everybody out the back door to the cars!--elliptical sentence省略句3 Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.-simile明喻4 Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point--transferred epithet 移就5 Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads-metaphor , simile隐喻明喻Lesson21 The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys, no women—threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wailinga short chant over and over again.—elliptical sentence2 A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—historical present , transferred epithet 历史的存在移就3 Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—synecdoche 提喻4 As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marchingsouthward—a long, dusty column, infantry, screw-gun batteries, and then more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.—onomatopoetic words symbolism拟声词的象征意义5 Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not eveninquisitive.—elliptical sentence6 And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing peacefully up the road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper.—simileLesson3 1 The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.—metaphor2 They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into, each other’s lives or the recesses of th eir thoughts and feelings.—simile3 It was on such an occasion te other evening, as the conversation moved desultorily here and there, from the most commonplace to thoughts of Jupiter, without and focus and with no need for one that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, and all at once ther was a focus.—metaphor4 The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and its seedsmultiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile5 Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.—metaphor ,alliteration头韵6 When E.M.Forster writes of ―the sinister corridor of our age,‖we sit up at the vividness of the phrase, the force and even terror in the image.—metaphorLesson41 Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generationof Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage, and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.—alliteration头韵2 Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, suppor any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.—parataxis consonance 意合灵犀3 United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meeta power ful challenge at odds and split asunder. —antithsis对立4 …in the past,those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.—metaphor5 Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression回归6 All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—historical allusion, climax历史典故，高潮7 And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.—contrast, winding 相反，绕组第一课Ⅳ. 1. We' re 23 feet above sea level.2. The house has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever caused any damage to it.3. We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.4. Water got into the generator and put it out. It stopped producing electricity, so the lights also went out.5. Everybody go out through the back door and run to the6. The electrical systems in the car had been put out by water.7. As John watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee inland.8. ()h God, please help us to get through this storm safely.9. Grandmother Koshak sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew dimmer and stopped.10. Janis displayed rather late the exhaustion brought about by the nervous tension caused by the hurricane.第二课IV. 1. The buring-ground is nothing more than a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth looking like a deserted and abandoned piece of land on which a building was going to be put up.2. All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies like animals (by not treating the people in the colonies as human beings).3. They are born. Then for a few years they work, toil and starve. Finally they die and are buried in graves without a name.4. Sitting with his legs crossed and using a very old-fashioned lathe,a carpenter quickly gives a round shape to the chair-legs he is making.5. Immediately from their dark hole-like cells everywhere a great number of Jews rushed out wildly excited.6. Every one of these poor Jews looked on the cigarette as a piece of luxury which they could not possibly afford.7. However, a white-skinned European is always quite noticeable.8. If you take a look at the natural scenery in a tropical region,see everything but the human beings.9. No one would think of organizing cheap trips for the tourists to visit the poor slum areas (for these trips 42V．Ⅵ．Ⅶ. would not be interesting)．10．life is very hard for ninety percent of the people．With hard backbreaking toil they can produce a little food on the poor soil．11．She took it for granted that as an old woman she was the lowest in the community，that。
高级英语修辞总结完整版
高级英语修辞总结HUA system office room 【HUA16H-TTMS2A-HUAS8Q8-HUAH1688】Rhetorical Devices一、明喻（simile）是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现。
常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等，例如：1、This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.这头象和任何人见到的一样像一条蛇。
2、He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit.他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来，像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。
3、It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something.它那长长的叶子在风中摆动，好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。
二、隐喻（metaphor）这种比喻不通过比喻词进行，而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。
1、German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets...德国人的枪炮和飞机将炸弹、炮弹和子弹像暴雨一样倾泻下来。
2、The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。
三、Allusion（暗引）其特点是不注明来源和出处，一般多引用人们熟知的关键词或词组，将其融合编织在作者的话语中。
引用的东西包括典故、谚语、成语、格言和俗语等。
高级英语写作-修辞
Metaphors
Metaphor compares two different things by speaking of one in terms of the other. Metaphor asserts that one thing is another thing, not just that one is like another. Very frequently a metaphor is invoked by the to be verb.
What’s a Simile?
Similes compare two dissimilar objects, concepts, etc., in order to suggest an unexpected likeness between the two.
Similes can often be distinguished by the presence of one of two code words, ―like‖ and ―as‖.
Analogy
Analogies can be separated into two parts.
Target – the unknown idea or object; we’re trying to explain it, or at least make it clear Source – the familiar idea or object; we use sources to shed light on the more complicated target
Rhetorical Questions
The question is not answered by the writer, because its answer is obvious or obviously desired, and usually just a yes or no. It is used for effect, emphasis, or provocation, or for drawing a conclusionary statement from the facts at hand.
高级英语修辞总结
高级英语修辞总结Rhetorical Devices一、明喻（simile）是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现。
常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等，例如：1、This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.这头象和任何人见到的一样像一条蛇。
2、He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit.他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来，像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。
3、It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something. 它那长长的叶子在风中摆动，好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。
二、隐喻（metaphor）这种比喻不通过比喻词进行，而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。
1、German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets...德国人的枪炮和飞机将炸弹、炮弹和子弹像暴雨一样倾泻下来。
2、The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。
三、Allusion（暗引）其特点是不注明来源和出处，一般多引用人们熟知的关键词或词组，将其融合编织在作者的话语中。
引用的东西包括典故、谚语、成语、格言和俗语等。
英语引用最多的是源出《圣经》故事以及希腊、罗马神话、《伊索寓言》和那些源远流长的谚语、格言等。
例如：1、Grammar may be his heel of Achilles.语法是他的大弱点。
修辞手法英文作文
修辞手法英文作文下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。
文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!Paragraph 1: She's like a shining star in the night sky, so bright and beautiful. Her smile can light up a whole room.Paragraph 2: The wind howled like a wild animal, making a creepy noise. The trees swayed back and forth as if they were dancing.Paragraph 3: His words were sharp as a knife, cutting deep into my heart. But I still stood there, strong like a rock.Paragraph 4: The city was a jungle of concrete and steel, full of life and chaos. People were running around like ants.Paragraph 5: The music was a magic carpet that took meto another world. I could feel the rhythm pulsing throughmy veins.。
高级英语写作-修辞.ppt
Direction
An easy way to remember the difference between similes and metaphors is to determine whether the writer is trying to be direct.
“The snow is a blanket” is direct; the comparison in “the snow is like a blanket” is by definition more abstract than the equation.
What’s a Simile?
Similes compare two dissimilar objects, concepts, etc., in order to suggest an unexpected likeness between the two.
Similes can often be distinguished by the presence of one of two code words, “like” and “as”.
Personification
Personification involves giving the qualities of animals or persons to inanimate objects – to animate the nonliving.
Once again, figurative language is used to bring images, concepts, or objects to life!
The mind is but a barren soil; a soil which is soon exhausted and will produce no crop, or only one, unless it be continually fertilized and enriched with foreign matter. --Joshua Reynolds
2023年高考英语作文常用修辞手法
2023年高考英语作文常用修辞手法高考英语作文修辞手法篇11.比方(metaphor)比方就是打比方。
可分为明喻和暗喻：明喻(simile)：用like, as, as...as, as if(though)或用其他词语指出两个不同事物的相像之处。
例如：O my love’s like a red, red rose.我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰花。
The man can’t be trusted. He is as slippery as an eel.那个人不行信任。
他像鳗鱼一样狡猾。
He jumped as if he had been stung.他像被蜇了似的跳了起来。
Childhood is like a swiftly passing dream.童年就像一场疾逝的梦。
暗喻(metaphor)：用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相像特点的另外一个事物。
例如：He has a heart of stone.他有一颗铁石心肠。
The world is a stage.世界是一个大舞台。
2.换喻(metonymy)用某一事物的名称代替另外一个与它关系亲密的事物的名称，只要一提到其中一种事物，就会使人联想到另一种。
比如用the White House代替美国政府或者总统，用the bottle来代替wine或者alcohol，用the bar来代替the legal profession，用crown代替king等。
例如：His purse would not allow him that luxury.他的经济条件不允许他享受那种奢华。
The mother did her best to take care of the cradle.母亲尽最大努力照看孩子。
He succeeded to the crown in 1848.他在1848年继承了王位。
3.提喻(synecdoche)指用部分代表整体或者用整体代表部分，以特别代表一般或者用一般代表特别。
高中英语作文高级表达与修辞手法运用练习题30题
高中英语作文高级表达与修辞手法运用练习题30题1<背景文章>English writing is an important part of language learning. In high school English compositions, using advanced expressions can greatly enhance the quality of our writing. One way to achieve this is by employing complex sentence structures. For example, instead of saying "I like reading books. Reading books is fun.", we can say "I am fond of reading books, which is an enjoyable activity." Here, we use a relative clause to make the sentence more sophisticated.Another useful technique is to use advanced vocabulary. Instead of using common words like "good" or "bad", we can use words like "excellent", "superior", "terrible", or "atrocious". This not only shows a wider range of vocabulary but also makes our writing more vivid and engaging.Moreover, the proper use of rhetorical devices can also add charm to our compositions. Metaphors, similes, personification, and alliteration are some of the common rhetorical devices that can be employed. For instance, "Her smile is like a sunshine." is a simile that compares a smile to sunshine, making the description more vivid.In conclusion, by using complex sentence structures, advancedvocabulary, and rhetorical devices, we can make our high school English compositions more outstanding.1. What is an effective way to enhance the quality of high school English compositions?A. Using simple sentence structures.B. Employing complex sentence structures.C. Avoiding advanced vocabulary.D. Not using rhetorical devices.答案：B。
英语作文高中修辞句子大全
英语作文高中修辞句子大全As an AI language model, I am not able to browse the internet and download any articles. However, I can provide you with some examples of rhetorical devices that you can use in your English writing.1. Alliteration: the repetition of the same sound at the beginning of several words in a sentence.Example: Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.2. Anaphora: the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of several sentences or clauses.Example: I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal."3. Metaphor: a figure of speech in which a word orphrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable.Example: Life is a journey, and we are all travelers on this road.4. Simile: a figure of speech in which two unlike things are compared using "like" or "as."Example: Her eyes were as blue as the ocean.5. Hyperbole: an exaggeration used for emphasis or effect.Example: I have a million things to do today.6. Personification: giving human qualities to non-human objects or animals.Example: The wind whispered through the trees.7. Irony: the use of words to convey a meaning that isthe opposite of its literal meaning.Example: The fire station burned down.8. Onomatopoeia: the use of words that imitate the sound they describe.Example: The bees buzzed in the garden.By incorporating these rhetorical devices into your writing, you can create more vivid and engaging prose that will capture your reader's attention and leave a lasting impression.。
修辞手段 英语作文
修辞手段英语作文I. The sun beat down mercilessly, scorching the earth and turning everything to a crisp. The heat was suffocating, like being trapped in an oven with no way out. Sweat poured down my face, stinging my eyes and making it hard to see.It was as if the world itself was on fire, and there was no escape from the relentless blaze.II. The city streets were a chaotic mess of honking horns, screeching brakes, and shouting voices. It was a symphony of urban cacophony, a never-ending assault on the senses. The air was thick with the smell of exhaust and the taste of pollution, making it hard to breathe. It was a concrete jungle, where the only law was survival of the fittest.III. The waves crashed against the shore with a deafening roar, as if the ocean itself was angry andlashing out at the land. The salty spray stung my skin and filled my nose and mouth, leaving me gasping for breath. Itwas a wild, untamed force of nature, reminding me of the awesome power that lay just beyond the safety of the shore.IV. The mountains loomed in the distance, their jagged peaks reaching for the sky like the gnarled fingers of some ancient giant. They were majestic and awe-inspiring, a reminder of the raw, untamed beauty of the natural world.It was as if they were guardians of some ancient secret, standing watch over the land with a silent, timeless wisdom.V. The forest was alive with the sound of rustling leaves, chirping birds, and chattering squirrels. It was a symphony of nature, a cacophony of life that surrounded me on all sides. The air was thick with the smell of earth and greenery, and the sunlight filtered through the leaves in dappled patterns. It was a place of peace and tranquility,a sanctuary from the chaos of the outside world.。
高级英语1修辞手法汇总
高级英语1修辞手法汇总修辞手法是英语写作中常用的一种技巧，通过运用修辞手法可以使文章更加生动、富有表现力，增强读者的阅读体验。
在高级英语写作中，修辞手法的运用尤为重要，它可以为文章赋予深度和风格，并提升文章的艺术性和说服力。
下面将介绍几种常见的修辞手法。
一、比喻（Metaphor）比喻是一种通过将一个事物与另一个事物相比较，以便更好地说明或形容某个概念或主题的修辞手法。
它常常用于描述抽象的概念，使之变得更加具体和形象。
例句：1. He is a lion in the battlefield.2. Her smile was a ray of sunshine on a cloudy day.二、拟人（Personification）拟人是一种将非人类的事物或抽象的概念赋予人类的特征和行为的修辞手法。
通过将这些非人类的事物拟人化，可以使文章更生动有趣，增强读者对其中事物的感知和理解。
例句：1. The wind whispered through the trees.2. The flowers danced in the breeze.三、夸张（Hyperbole）夸张是一种通过夸大事物的特征或情况来强调其重要性或影响力的修辞手法。
它常用于诗歌、演讲或幽默作品中，以引起读者的兴趣和共鸣。
例句：1. I've told you a million times not to do that!2. The line for the new iPhone was a mile long.四、反问（Rhetorical question）反问是一种不需要回答的问题，用于引起读者的思考或表达某种意义的修辞手法。
通过将一个问题直接提出，可以引起读者的兴趣和注意，并激发其对文章主题的思考。
例句：1. Do you really think I would believe such a ridiculous story?2. Can you imagine a world without music?五、排比（Parallelism）排比是一种通过重复并列的结构或类似的语法结构来增加修辞效果的修辞手法。
三种不同修辞手法写作文
三种不同修辞手法写作文英文回答：1. Simile:The sun was as bright as a diamond, casting a warm glow over the entire garden. The flowers danced in the breeze, their petals shimmering like jewels.2. Metaphor:Her voice was music to his ears, soothing andcomforting like a lullaby on a stormy night. It wrapped around him like a warm blanket, calming his restless soul.3. Personification:The old oak tree stretched its branches towards the sky, reaching for the stars. Its leaves whispered secrets to the wind, and its roots embraced the earth with a sense ofbelonging.中文回答：1. 比喻：太阳明亮如钻石般，照耀着整个花园。
花朵在微风中舞动，它们的花瓣闪烁着宝石般的光芒。
2. 隐喻：她的声音对他来说就像音乐般，温柔而令人安心，就像暴风雨夜里的摇篮曲。
它像一条温暖的毯子一样裹住他，平复了他不安的心灵。
3. 拟人：那棵古老的橡树伸展着它的树枝向天空，伸向星星。
它的叶子向风低语着秘密，它的根深深地拥抱着大地，充满了归属感。
四种修辞英语作文模板
四种修辞英语作文模板模板一，比喻修辞英语作文。
Title: The Power of Metaphor in Everyday Language。
Metaphors are a powerful tool in the English language, allowing us to convey complex ideas and emotions in a simple and relatable way. Just as a painter uses different colors to create a masterpiece, a writer uses metaphors to paint vivid pictures in the minds of their readers.One of the most common metaphors used in everyday language is "time is money." This simple phrase encapsulates the idea that time is a valuable resource that should be spent wisely. By comparing time to money, we can easily understand the importance of using our time effectively and not wasting it on unimportant things.Another powerful metaphor is "love is a battlefield." This comparison highlights the emotional turmoil and conflict that can arise in relationships, making it easier for us to understand the complexities of love and the challenges it can bring.Metaphors are not only used in literature and poetry, but also in everyday conversation. When we say that someone has a "heart of gold," we are using a metaphor to describe their kind and generous nature. Similarly, when we say that a difficult task is "a mountain to climb," we are using a metaphor to convey the challenges and obstacles we may face.In conclusion, metaphors are a valuable tool in the English language, allowing us to express complex ideas in a simple and relatable way. By using metaphors, we can paint vivid pictures in the minds of our readers and make our language more engaging and expressive.模板二，排比修辞英语作文。
修辞手法的英语作文
修辞手法的英语作文I. The sun was a blazing ball of fire in the sky,casting its golden rays over the city. The heat was oppressive, suffocating, as if the very air was on fire. It felt as though the world was melting, dissolving into apool of liquid heat.II. The old house stood like a sentinel, its weathered walls bearing the scars of time. The windows were dark and brooding, like the eyes of a ghostly figure peering outfrom the shadows. The air was heavy with the scent of decay, as if the house itself was exhaling the memories of a thousand years.III. Her laughter was like music, a symphony of joy and happiness that filled the room. It was infectious,spreading like wildfire, igniting the hearts of everyone around her. It was as if the very air was dancing to the rhythm of her laughter, swaying and twirling in joyous abandon.IV. The storm raged on, a tempest of fury and chaosthat seemed to consume everything in its path. The wind howled like a banshee, tearing through the air with a ferocity that was both terrifying and awe-inspiring. Therain fell in torrents, a deluge of water that threatened to drown the world in its relentless onslaught.V. The city was a living, breathing organism, pulsating with the energy of a million souls. It was a cacophony of sound and motion, a symphony of chaos and order that seemed to defy all logic. It was as if the very streets were alive, teeming with the heartbeat of humanity.。
英语作文高中修辞句子例句
As a high school student, Ive always been fascinated by the power of language and the art of rhetoric. The use of rhetorical devices in English composition can elevate the quality of writing and make it more engaging and persuasive. Here, Id like to share some of the rhetorical sentences Ive encountered and used in my own writing.Metaphor: A metaphor is a figure of speech that describes an object or action in a way that isnt literally true, but helps explain an idea or make a comparison. For example, in my essay about the importance of education, I wrote, Knowledge is the key that unlocks the door to the future.Simile: A simile is similar to a metaphor, but it uses like or as to make the comparison. In describing the tranquility of a library, I once wrote, The library was as quiet as a whispering breeze.Personification: This is attributing human characteristics to nonhuman entities. In an essay about the changing seasons, I used the phrase, Autumn gently kissed the leaves, turning them into a palette of gold and red.Hyperbole: This is an exaggeration used for emphasis. When I wanted to express my love for pizza, I wrote, I could eat pizza for breakfast, lunch, and dinner every day and never get tired of it.Alliteration: Alliteration is the repetition of the same sound or letter at the beginning of words, often used for a musical or memorable effect. In a poem I wrote about the sea, I used alliteration: The waves wash, the windswhisper, the world wades in wonder.Anaphora: Anaphora is the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses. In a persuasive essay about environmental protection, I used anaphora: We must act. We must change. We must save our planet.Apostrophe: This is a figure of speech in which the speaker directly addresses an absent person, an abstraction, or an inanimate object. In a piece about the passage of time, I wrote, Time, you thief, why do you steal our moments so swiftly?Oxymoron: An oxymoron is a figure of speech that combines two seemingly contradictory terms. In an essay discussing the bittersweet nature of growing up, I used the phrase, Its a sweet sorrow to leave childhood behind.Paradox: A paradox is a statement that despite sounding reasonable leads to a conclusion that seems senselessly or logically unacceptable. In a reflection on the complexities of life, I wrote, Sometimes, to find simplicity, one must embrace complexity.Chiasmus: This is a figure of speech in which two or more clauses are related by a balanced contrast. In a debate speech, I used chiasmus: Not all that glitters is gold, but not all that is gold needs to glitter.Epigram: An epigram is a concise, witty statement expressing a generaltruth or a memorable saying. In a conclusion of an essay about perseverance, I wrote, The race is not always to the swift, but to those who keep running.These rhetorical devices not only add flair to my writing but also help me convey my thoughts and emotions more vividly. Theyve become an integral part of my writing toolkit, and I continue to explore and experiment with them to enhance my compositions.。
运用各种修辞的英语作文高一
运用各种修辞的英语作文高一The art of crafting a compelling and captivating essay lies in the skillful application of various rhetorical devices. As a high school student, the opportunity to showcase one's mastery of these techniques presents itself as a means to elevate the written expression and captivate the audience. In this essay, we shall delve into the realm of rhetorical devices, exploring their nuances and how they can be seamlessly woven into the fabric of a well-structured and impactful piece of writing.One of the most powerful rhetorical devices at our disposal is the use of metaphor. By drawing parallels between seemingly unrelated concepts, metaphors have the ability to illuminate complex ideas and evoke vivid imagery in the reader's mind. Consider, for instance, the metaphor of "life as a journey." This analogy allows us to explore the various stages, challenges, and milestones that individuals encounter throughout their lifetime, providing a relatable framework for the reader to connect with the narrative. Similarly, the metaphor of "the heart as a well-tended garden" can be employed to convey the nurturing and cultivation of one's emotional well-being, appealing tothe senses and eliciting a deeper emotional response.Closely related to metaphor is the use of simile, a rhetorical device that compares two distinct entities using the words "like" or "as." Similes have the power to paint vivid pictures and enhance the reader's understanding of a concept. Imagine describing a sunset as "ablaze like a thousand fiery suns" or a person's determination as "unwavering as a mountain." These comparisons not only add vibrancy to the writing but also help the reader visualize the scene or emotion being conveyed.Another rhetorical device that can elevate the sophistication of an essay is the use of alliteration. The repetition of initial consonant sounds creates a rhythmic and melodic quality to the writing, captivating the reader's attention and enhancing the overall impact of the message. Consider the phrase "the cascading cataract carved a captivating canyon." The repetition of the "c" sound creates a sense of fluidity and movement, mirroring the imagery being described.Rhetorical questions, a device that poses a question without the expectation of a direct answer, can be employed to engage the reader and encourage deeper contemplation. By posing thought-provoking queries, the writer can prompt the reader to reflect on the underlying message or explore the complexities of a particular issue. For instance, one might ask, "In a world where technology reignssupreme, have we truly lost the art of human connection?" or "When faced with adversity, do we have the courage to rise above and forge our own path?"The use of anaphora, the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or sentences, can also be a powerful rhetorical tool. This device not only creates a sense of emphasis and rhythm but also helps to reinforce the central idea or theme being explored. Consider the following example: "We dream of a world where peace reigns supreme. We dream of a world where compassion guides our actions. We dream of a world where every child can thrive and flourish."Lastly, the strategic incorporation of rhetorical devices such as hyperbole, oxymoron, and rhetorical fragments can further elevate the sophistication and impact of an essay. Hyperbole, the use of exaggeration for emphasis or effect, can add a touch of drama and passion to the writing. An oxymoron, the juxtaposition of two seemingly contradictory terms, can challenge the reader's preconceptions and spark deeper contemplation. Rhetorical fragments, the deliberate use of incomplete sentences, can create a sense of urgency, emphasis, or contemplation, depending on the context.As a high school student, the mastery of these rhetorical devices canserve as a powerful tool in crafting essays that captivate the reader and showcase one's command of the English language. By seamlessly weaving metaphors, similes, alliteration, rhetorical questions, anaphora, and other rhetorical devices into the fabric of the writing, the student can create a rich and engaging tapestry that not only informs but also inspires and delights the audience.In conclusion, the strategic application of rhetorical devices in an English essay can elevate the written expression, transforming it into a work of art that captivates the reader and leaves a lasting impression. As a high school student, the opportunity to harness these powerful linguistic tools presents itself as a means to hone one's skills, expand one's creative horizons, and ultimately, to cultivate a unique and compelling voice in the realm of academic writing.。
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Analogy
Analogies can be separated into two parts.
Target – the unknown idea or object; we’re trying to explain it, or at least make it clear Source – the familiar idea or object; we use sources to shed light on the more complicate ―The snow is a blanket on the earth.‖ Is the snow actually a blanket? No! However, the image the equation creates is a vividly descriptive one – and vivid images are excellent!
Synecdoche: Examples
It is hard to earn a dollar these days. His parents bought him a new set of wheels. Australia beat Canada at Cricket. She was dressed in silks and satins. Spring should vanish with the rose! What a despicable creature he is!
When a verb or phrase is compared to a verb or phrase, as is used:
They remained constantly attentive to their goal, as a sunflower always turns and stays focused on the sun.
Some analogies simply offer an explanation for clarification rather than a substitute argument: Knowledge always desires increase: it is like fire, which must first be kindled by some external agent, but which will afterwards propagate itself. --Samuel Johnson
More Examples
When you compare a noun to a noun, the simile is usually introduced by like:
After such long exposure to the direct sun, the leaves of the houseplant looked like pieces of overcooked bacon. The soul in the body is like a bird in a cage.
Metonymy
The thing chosen for the metaphorical image is closely associated with (but not an actual part of) the subject with which it is to be compared.
Rhetorical Questions
The question is not answered by the writer, because its answer is obvious or obviously desired, and usually just a yes or no. It is used for effect, emphasis, or provocation, or for drawing a conclusionary statement from the facts at hand.
The Hall applauded. He likes to play with the rosy cheeks. She means to marry money. The pen is mightier than the sword. Grey hair should be respected. Will you play me some Chopins? He is the admiration of the whole school.
How can we use a simile to compare the two?
The Finished Product!
The snow is like a thick blanket on the ground.
Notice the key presence of ―like‖.
Metaphors
Metaphor compares two different things by speaking of one in terms of the other. Metaphor asserts that one thing is another thing, not just that one is like another. Very frequently a metaphor is invoked by the to be verb.
What’s a Simile?
Similes compare two dissimilar objects, concepts, etc., in order to suggest an unexpected likeness between the two.
Similes can often be distinguished by the presence of one of two code words, ―like‖ and ―as‖.
Metaphors: More Examples
Your eye is the lamp of your body; when your eye is sound, your whole body is full of light; but when it is not sound, your body is full of darkness. --Luke
Personification
Personification involves giving the qualities of animals or persons to inanimate objects – to animate the nonliving. Once again, figurative language is used to bring images, concepts, or objects to life! “England expects every man to do his duty." We bought this house instead of the one on Maple because this one is more friendly.
What is an Analogy?
Analogies allow writers to help readers understand difficult issues or concepts by comparing them to familiar ones.
As a result, similarity between the difficult concept and its familiar counterpart is crucial; if there is no similarity, the comparison is useless for rhetorical purposes.
Rhetorical Questions
How many times do I have to tell you to do your homework? But how can we expect to enjoy the scenery when the scenery consists entirely of garish billboards? . . . For if we lose the ability to perceive our faults, what is the good of living on? --Marcus Aurelius Is justice then to be considered merely a word? Or is it whatever results from the bartering between attorneys?
Rhetorical Devices
Major Simile Metaphor Personification Synecdoche Metonymy
Minor Analogy Rhetorical Questions Alliteration Antithesis Climax Euphemism Hyperbole Irony Oxymoron
Analogy: Examples
You may abuse a tragedy, though you cannot write one. You may scold a carpenter who has made you a bad table, though you cannot make a table. It is not your trade to make tables. --Samuel Johnson