if引导的虚拟条件句ppt课件.ppt

if引导的虚拟条件句ppt课件.ppt

1、虚拟语气------if引导的虚拟条件句虚拟语气(if条件句)Iftheworkingconditionsarenottoobad,Iwillacceptthejob.Ift heworkingconditionswerenottoobad,Iwouldacceptthejob.真实条件句：对现有事实的一种陈述，使用的是陈述语气〕---表达一种看法〔工作条件状况未知〕非真实条件句---虚拟语气〕表达一种假设〔与事实相反---工作条件已经很糟糕了〕If引导的虚拟条件句的三种类型带if的虚拟条件句省略if的虚拟条件句隐藏if的虚拟条件句Ⅰ、带if的虚拟条件句Ifsheinvitedme,Iwouldgototheparty.Ifshehadinvitedmeyest

2、erday,Iwouldhavegonetotheparty.Ifsheshouldinvitemetomorrow, Iwouldgototheparty.与如今事实相反：if条件句用一般过去时〔动词be用were〕主句用would(should/could/might)+动词原形IamsorryIamverybusyjustnow.IfIhadtime,Iwouldcertainlygototh emovieswithyou.Ifyoucouldbeartheloneliness,youmightsucceed. Ifwehadn’tmadeadequatepreparations,thepartywouldn’thavebe ensosuccessful.The

3、floodmighthavecausedgreatdamagetothepeople,ifwehadn’tbuilt somanydams.与过去事实相反：if条件句中用过去完成时主句用would〔should/could/might〕+have+过去分词。与将来事实相反(推

想将来)：if条件句中用过去时，或should/wereto+动词原形，主句用would(should/could/might)+动词原形。Ifshewereherethisevening,wewouldgoshopping.IfMaryweretomarr yJack,shewouldbehappy.Ifsheshouldknowit,shewouldtellme.(But Idoubt)与将

4、来事实相反时从句中的三种谓语v变形：一般过去时were+todoShould/coulddo注：这三种均可用，不同的是在表示推想将来的时候，可能性的程度不同。Ifitsnowedtomorrow,Ishould/wouldstayattomorrow.〔常用形式〕Ifitweretosnowtomorrow,…....Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,……可能性较小可能性较大Ⅱ.虚拟条件句中if的省略或隐藏1.省略if的虚拟条件句隐藏if的虚拟条件句-无“条件”的虚拟语气句子1.省略if的虚拟条件句(主要用于书面语)在虚拟条件句中，有时可将引导虚拟条件句的连词if省略，但此时应用倒装句型，即将从句中的were,should,,had等提到句首。1.

5、省略if的虚拟条件句假如她在这里，她也同意的。Ifshewerehere,shewouldagreetoo.→Wereshehere,shewouldagreet oo.假如明天下雨，我们只好推延这场竞赛。Ifitshouldraintomorrow,weshouldhavetoputoffthematch.→Shoul ditraintomorrow,weshouldhavetoputoffthematch.要是我们当时早点找到他的话，我们就可以救活他。Ifwehadfoundhimearlierwecouldhavesavedhislife.→Hadwefoundh

imearlierwecouldhavesavedhislife1.省略if的虚拟条件句的否认式

6、留意，假如条件从句的谓语为否认式，其中的否认词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were,should,had等缩略成Weren’t,Shouldn’t,Hadn’t而置于句首。我如不是警告了你，你就可能丧命了。IfIhadn’twarnedyou,youcouldhavebeenkilled.HadInotwarnedyou

,youcouldhavebeenkilled.2.隐藏if的虚拟条件句-无“条件”的虚拟语气句子“无条件”指的是句子表层没有通常使用的if引起的表示条件的句子。其深层结构或是上下文中还是有条件的。这种条件可以用介词、名词、连词、分词短语、动词不定式、定语从句、祈使句或是上下文等表示出来，用的是跳层或间接的方式。表示“无条件”的连词有with

7、，without，butfor/butthat-clause/but,or/orelse/otherwise,even,incaseof，whatif(假如…将如何)。这种句子往往是有主句而无从句。2.隐藏if的虚拟条件句1〕介词：prep.-phrase：Withbetterequipment,wecouldhavedoneitbetter.(对过去事实的假设)Undersuchcircumstances,Iwouldprobablyhavedonethesame.Int heabsenceofthekeeper,thehousewouldhavebeenburneddown.2.隐藏if的虚拟条件句2)n.Agentlemanwouldn’thavesaid

8、

so.(n.=Ifhehadbeen/wereagentleman)Yourrefusalwouldmakehimsa

d.(n.=ifyoushouldrefuse)2.隐藏if的虚拟条件句

3)conj.Butforyourhelpwecouldn’thavesucceeded.(要不是…)Shewasn’tfeelingverywell.Otherwise,shewouldn’thavele ftthemeetingsoearly.(otherwise=or/orelse)Mymothertoldmetopu tonmysweaterlestIshouldcatchcold.(以防…,以免…)2.隐藏if的虚拟条件句4)分词短语：Givenmoretime,we

9、woulddoitbetter.(再给些时间…)Thesamething,happeninginwartime,wouldamounttodisas ter. Failingthistime,whatwouldyoudo？2.隐藏if的虚拟条件句5)动词不定式短语：Ishouldbehappytogowithyou.Tohavestudiedharder,youwouldhavep assedtheexam.3.隐藏if的虚拟条件句6〕祈使句Givehimaninchandhewouldwantafoot.Exercises：

1.Hemusthavehadanaccident,orhethen____.[A]wouldhavebeenhere

[B]shouldbeh

10、ere[C]hadtobehere[D]wouldbethere2.Givenmoretimeandmoney,he_ _betterthanwhatitis.A.didB.havedoneC.couldhavedoneD.woulddo 3.Ifyouexplainedthesituationtoyoursolicitor(律师)，he___abletoadviseyoumuchbetterthanIcan.A.wouldbeB.willhaveb eenC.wasD.were4.__you__furtherproblemswithyourprinter,conta