(完整)人教版高中英语必修1现在进行时表将来用法讲解和练习

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【高一同步教程】高中英语必修1现在进行时表将来用法讲解及练习
一、现在进行时表示将来的用法
1. 位移动词的进行时表示将来
现在进行时表将来主要用于表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作，谓语通常为位移动词，如：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, meet, get to, take off, fly等。

I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。

He is coming back this Sunday. 这个星期他就回来了。

How are you getting there? 你怎么去哪啊？
2. 非位移动词的进行时表示将来
现在进行时表示将来除使用位移动词外，也可使用某些非位移动词，如：do, buy, meet, have, play, publish等，此时句中一般要有表示将来的时间状语。

The young man is meeting his girlfriend this afternoon. 这个年轻人今天下午要去见女朋友。

I am publishing a book this year. 我今年计划出一本书。

What are you doing next Sunday? 下周日你打算干什么？
She is buying a new bike soon. 不久她将买一辆新自行车。

3. 在时间和条件状语从句中，有时也用进行时表示将来情况。

如：
Don't mention me when you are talking with him. 当你和他说话的时候不要提起我。

If he is doing his homework, don't bother him. 如果他要做作业，不要打扰他。

You must visit Switzerland when you are travelling in Europe. 你在欧洲旅行时一定要访问瑞士。

If she's still waiting, tell her to go home. 如果她还在等，可以让她回家。

You can do some reading while you are waiting for the train. 你等火车时可以看看书。

Suppose it's still raining tomorrow, shall we go?假定明天还在下雨，我们要去吗?
二、现在进行时的基本用法
1. 表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。

We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。

2. 表示现阶段正在进行的动作，但说话时动作未必正在进行。

What are you doing recently?
Mr. Green is writing another novel.他在写另一部小说。

（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。

）
3. 表示发展中的或正在改变的情况，常用于表示变化的动词，如：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。

The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。

It‘s getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。

4. 现在进行时与副词always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩，表示赞成、讨厌、生气、埋怨等情绪。

You are always changing your mind. 你总是改变自己的主意。

Tom is always late for class.汤姆老是上课迟到。

Parents are forever thinking of their children. 父母永远都为孩子着想。

三、表示将来的其他表达
1．will/shall表将来
will/shall do 一般要与表示将来的时间状语连用，有时表示将来的时间状语可通过一定的上下文
来体现。

will可用于各种人称，而shall多用于第一人称。

The building will be finished next month. 这座大楼将于下个月竣工。

Which paragraph shall I read first？我先读哪一段呢？
Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗？
2．be going to do表将来
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1）表示个人的计划、打算和意图或表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。

What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？
The play is going to be produced next month。

这出戏下月开播。

2）有迹象表明要发生的事，一般指客观事态的发展。

Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。

3．be to do 表将来
1）表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作，表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，往往是不容改变的。

The meeting is to take place next Monday. 会议定于下星期一举行。

The French President is to visit China in June. 法国总统将于6月访问中国。

We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 我们下星期六讨论这份报告。

2）用来表示注定要发生或不可避免要发生的事。

如：
His theory was to change the views on the universe. 他的理论势必要改变(人类)对宇宙的看法。

3）表示命令，意为“必须或应该”，在意义上等于must，should，ought to 或have to。

如：You are to finish the work before five this afternoon. 你们必须在今天下午五点以前完成这项任务。

This medicine is to be taken three times a day. 这种药一天要服三次。

4．be about to do表将来
表示“马上做某事，刚要，正要”，表示非常近的将来，不能与表示将来的时间状语连用。

He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。

I am about to start. 我就要出发了。

5. 一般现在时表将来
1）多指按时刻表或规定将要发生的动作。

主要用于come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等瞬间动词，表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。

例如：
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。

When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开？十分钟后。

2）用于时间状语从句或条件状语从句中。

例如：
I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就写信给你。

We are going fishing if it doesn't rain tomorrow. 如果明天天不下雨，我们就去钓鱼。

3）在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等的宾语从句中。

例如：
I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心。

Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 离开房间前，务必把窗户关了。

4）以here, there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。

例如：
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。

There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。

四、注意事项
1. be going to / will 辨析
be going to表示个人的计划、打算和意图或表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。

will用来表示临时决定。

用于条件句时，be going to表将来，will表意愿。

If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.
如果你想去旅行，你最好尽快的准备。

Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.
2. be to do/be going to 辨析
be to do 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。

be going to 表示个人主观的打算或计划。

I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。

（客观安排）
I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。

（主观安排）
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3. 现在进行时表将来和一般现在时表将来的区别
现在进行时表将来，其计划性较强，往往暗示该动作是可以改变的。

一般现在时表将来，客观性较强，多指按时刻表或规定要发生的动作或事件。

I'm not going out this evening. 今晚我不准备出去。

The plane arrives at 2:30 this afternoon. 飞机将于今天下午2:30抵达。

4. 现在进行时表将来与现在进行时的区别
前者通常用瞬间动词。

后者通常用延续性动词。

The famous scientist is arriving soon. 那位著名的科学家马上就要到了。

The young lady is writing a letter to her friend. 这位年轻的女士正在给朋友写信。

5. 一般现在时代替一般将来时表将来
在when ,while, before, after, till, once, as soon as, so long as, by the time, if, in case （that）, unless, even if, whether, the moment, the minute, the day, the year, immediately等引导的时间状语从句，条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替将来时。

He is going to visit her aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 他一到北京，就去看他姨妈。

6．不能使用进行时的动词
1）表示事实状态的动词，如have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等。

I have two brothers. 我有两兄弟。

This house belongs to my sister. 这房子是我姐的。

2）表示心理状态的动词，如know, realize, think, see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate 等。

I need your help. 我需要你的帮助。

He loves her very much. 他爱她很深。

3）瞬间动词，如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse 等。

I accept your advice. 我接受你的劝告。

4）系动词，如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn 等。

You seem a little tired. 你看上去有点累。

五、语法专练
1. ---Did you write to Grace last summer?
---No, but I'll ________ her over Christmas vacation.
A. be seen
B. have seen
C. be seeing
D. to see
2. ---I'm going to the States?
---How long ________ you ________ in the States?
A. are; stayed
B. are; staying
C. have; stayed
D. did; stay
3. I've won a holiday for two weeks to Florida. I ________ my mum.
A. am taking
B. have taken
C. take
D. will have taken
4. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ________ so rapidly.
A. will change
B. has changed
C. will have changed
D. is changing
5. --- You've left the light on.
---Oh, I have. ________ and turn it off.
A.I go
B. I've gone
C. I'll go
D. I'm going
6. --- Is this raincoat yours?.
---No, mine ________ there behind the door.
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A. is hanging
B. has hung
C. hangs
D. hung
7. --- What's that terrible noise?
---The neighbours ________ for a party.
A. have prepared
B. are preparing
C. prepare
D. will prepare
8. Because the shop ________, all the T-shirts are sold at half prices.
A. has closed down
B. closed down
C. is closing down
D. had closed down
9. --- Can I join the club, Dad?
--- You can when you ________ a bit old.
A. get
B. will get
C. are getting
D. will have got
10. I feel it is your husband who ________ for the spoiled child.
A. is to blame
B. is going to blame
C. is to be blamed
D. should blame
11. At this time tomorrow, ________ over the Atlantic.
A. we're going to fly
B. we'll be flying
C. we'll fly
D. we're to fly
12. ---Are you still busy?
--- Yes, I ________ my work, and it won't take long.
A. just finish
B. am just finishing
C. have just finished
D. am just going to finish
13. ---Did you tell Julia about the result?
--- Oh, no, I forgot. I ________ her now.
A. will be calling
B. will call
C. call
D. am to call
14. ---What are you going to do this afternoon?
--- I'm going to the cinema with some friends. The film ________ quite early, so we ________ to the bookstore after that.
A. finished; are going
B. finished; go
C. finishes; are going
D. finishes; go
15. The train ________ for the city at ten, so you have enough time to make preparations.
A. leaves
B. will be left
C. are left
D. will leave
答案：1—5 CBADC 6—10 ABCAA 11—15 BBBCA。