中考初中英语双宾语和复合宾语的区别 (2)

中考初中英语双宾语和复合宾语的区别

双宾语和复合宾语的区别

1. The artist said that he hoped______ drawing the picture soon.

A. his son to finish

B. to finish

C. finishing

D. his son will finish

解析：不可用复合宾语，A不对;不可用ing形式，C不对; D 时态不对，所以选择B.

2. Jim’s father said to him,”I hope you ____ what I _____ you to buy.”

A. didn’t forget; told

B. no to forget; have told

C. won’t forget; have told

D. haven’t forgotten; will tell

解析：不可跟复合宾语A、B错;D 时态不对，C 宾语从句，时态也对;

语法对接：某些及物动词后面能跟双宾语(即：间接宾语+直接宾语)或复合宾语(即：宾语+宾语补足语)，这两种宾语的形式虽然相似，但结构与意义却不同。那么如何区分双宾语和复合宾语呢?

(1) 从动词上区分。

一些动词后面常跟双宾语，这类动词有give，show，bring，read，pass，lend，tell，leave，teach，write，buy，sing等。例如：

The teacher gives each of them an eraser.老师给他们每人一块橡皮。

一些动词后面常跟复合宾语，这类动词有let，see，watch，hear，help，feel，keep，call，make，find，tell，ask，think，want等。例如：

We must keep the classroom clean.我们必须保持教室清洁。

(2)从充当这两个成分的词的词性上来区分

在双宾语中，能充当间接宾语或是直接宾语的一般是名词或代词。而在复合宾语中，能充当宾语补足语成分的则较多，如名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式(短语)和分词(短语)。例如：

She showed us(pron.)a new TV set(n.).(双宾语)

He gave Tom(n.) a piece of paper(n.).(双宾语)

We call him Lao Li(n.).(复合宾语)

Don’t keep the light on(adv.).(复合宾语)

They must keep their hands behind their backs(介词短语).(复合宾语)

I won’t let you try again(不定式短语).(复合宾语)

The other students in the class keep their eyes closed(过去分词).(复合宾语)

3) 从构成宾语的间接宾语和直接宾语之间与构成复合宾语的宾语和宾语补足语之间的关系上区分。

在双宾语中，两个宾语间的关系比较松散，有的句子去掉其中一个宾语，句子仍然成立。双宾语一般表示“为谁(forsb.)或给谁(to sb.)……”，即“及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”的结构可以改写为“及物动词+直接宾语+for sb.或to sb.”的结构。例如：

Please show me your new book.→Please show yournew book to me.请给我看看你的新书。

She bought me some tomatoes.→She bought sometomatoes for me.她给我买了一些西红柿。

宾语和宾语补足语之间关系比较紧密，去掉其中一个成分，句子就不能成立或句意不完整。而且当名词、形容词、副词、介词短语作宾语补足语时，和宾语之间具有“主系表关系”;当不定式(短语)或分词(短语)作宾语补足语时，和宾语之间具有“主谓关系”。例如：

We made Tom monitor.(Tom is monitor.)

We will make our country more beautiful.(Our countrywill be more beautiful.)

You should keep your dog in.(Your dog should be in.)

I found him in Room 201.(He was in Room 201.)

He makes us work ten hours a day.(We work ten hoursa day.)

we heard her singing in the room.(She was singing inthe room.)

表语是出现在表语从句中，例如“ That is what it is. The question is whether he is able to do it alone. 句中的is就是表语。那表语还有am，are等。

再给你举一些例子。What I know is that he can‘t do it.我所知道的是他不会做这见事。

It looks as if(though)it is going to rain.天好象要下雨似的。

以it作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常用的句型有：

(1)It + be + 形容词 + that从句

(2)It + be + 名词词组 + that从句

(3)It + be + 过去分词 + that从句

(4)It seem, happen等不及物动词 + that从句

形式宾语就是它并不是真正的宾语,而是用IT来代替的,这句话中TRAVEL AROUND是真正的宾语,为了不使句子有头重脚轻的感觉,所以宾语后至,但前边必须加个形式宾语.这句话若不使用形式宾语为:Li lei finds travling around the city is hard beacause he dosen't know the way.

二、英语书面表达专项训练

2．假如你是李华，你们学校准备组织学生本周五去北京世园会参观。你打算邀请外教Peter参加。请用英语写一封电子邮件，告诉他集合的时间和地点，在那里可以做什么，以及参观时需要准备什么。

提示词语： school gate, nature, culture, food and drink

提示问题：●When and where are you going to meet?

●What are you going to do there?

●What do you advise Peter to prepare for the visit?

Dear Pete,

How is it going?